JPH0390399A - Drawing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the movement of a rule part light and quick moving by respectively connecting a fixed flat substrate and an intermediate flat plate as well as the intermediate flat plate and a rule flat plate in the vicinity of both left and right ends thereof in a freely revolvable manner by a pair of parallel connection levers through pins. CONSTITUTION:The first parallel connection levers 18, 19 connect a fixed flat substrate 15 and an intermediate flat plate 16 in a freely revolvable manner through pins 22, 23, 24, 25. The second parallel connection levers 20, 21 connect the intermediate flat plate 16 and a rule flat plate 17 in a freely revolvable manner through pins 34, 24, 25, 26, 27. The pins 22, 23 are fixed to the fixed flat substrate 15 and the pins 24, 25 are fixed to the intermediate flat plate 16 and the pins 26, 27 are fixed to the rule flat plate 17. In order to make this drawing machine convenient for a relatively small drawing of drawing paper having an about A-4 size, the rule flat plate 17 is constituted of a transparent rule having a dimension of 30cm in its longitudinal direction and the hole interval of each of the parallel connection levers is accurately set to about 10cm.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a drawing machine used for mechanical drawing work and the like.

[Conventional technology]

[Registered Trademark] Regarding conventional drawing machines, we will explain the commercially available two types: (A) a full-fledged drawing machine called a drafter, and (B) a simple drawing machine that is used on general office desks. , describe its shortcomings.

Regarding the full-scale drawing machine (4), see Figures 1 and 2.
Its external view is shown. A drawing board 1 is fixed to a stand 2 whose height and inclination angle can be freely adjusted. The drawing board 1
A horizontal guide rail 3 is fixed to the upper part of the horizontal guide rail 3, and a vertical guide rail 4 is engaged with the horizontal guide rail 3 via a ball bearing so as to move horizontally. Further, an L-shaped ruler portion 5 is engaged with the vertical guide rail 4 via a ball bearing for vertical movement.

Inside the vertical guide rail 4, the L-shaped ruler part 5 is suspended by a balancer so that it does not slide down due to its own weight. A full-scale drawing machine with the (A) horizontal and vertical guide rail system configured in this way is convenient for drawing the skeleton of a large drawing, that is, relatively long lines, but it is useful for drawing the detailed parts, that is, relatively short lines. When drawing many lines, there is a drawback that the hands and arms become tired due to the weight of the parallel moving member. Therefore, when drawing details or drawing small drawings such as A4 size,
What is desired is a drafting machine that can be easily operated in parallel, has a small turning radius, and can be used in combination as an auxiliary device.

(B) As a simple drawing machine used on a general office desk, its external view is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 as an example. In this case, a sleeper 7 is placed on an office desk 6, and a drawing board 8 is placed on top of the sleeper 7. A clamp part 9 is screwed to the upper part of the drawing board 8, parallel arms 10 and 11 are rotatably connected to the clamp part 9, and a b-shaped ruler part 12 is engaged with the clamp part 9. In this method, two elongated parallel arms 10 and 11 are suspended downward from the clamp part 9 at the top of the drawing board 8, so it feels strange to the eyes, and also the upper clamp part of the drawing board 8 There is a drawback that the vicinity of 9 becomes a blind spot, resulting in an area where the drawing cannot be drawn. A further disadvantage is that a lamp stand such as a drawing board 8 is required.

Furthermore, there is a drawback that it is difficult to find a place to store the complete drawing machine including the sleeper 7 and the drawing board 8 after the drawing work is completed.

Therefore, there is a need for a drafting machine that can be easily used on an office desk without a drafting board, can be folded compactly when not in use, and can be easily stored in a desk drawer or the like. Further, as another example of the simple drawing machine shown in (B), external views thereof are shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. This is a drawing board 1 made of plastic.
A concave groove 13a'ft is provided in the vertical direction at the left end of the ruler 3, and the flat ruler 14 is slid in parallel along the concave groove 13a. With this method, the eraser waste is removed from the groove 13.
It has the disadvantage that it adheres to the surface of the flat ruler 14 and makes it difficult for the flat ruler 14 to slide.

It is also inconvenient to store when not in use, and inconvenient to carry.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The object of the present invention is to propose a drawing machine having the following three purposes: (1) A drawing machine as an auxiliary tool for the above-mentioned (A) full-scale drawing machine (drafter). The drafter has a heavy self-weight as a member that moves in parallel (4 in Figure 2), so when drawing detailed drawings that are drawn by moving the ruler minutely, or small drawings such as A4 size drawings, the drafter has the disadvantage that hands and arms get tired. be. Therefore, we propose a drafting machine that can be used as a drafter's aid, with a ruler that moves easily and has a small turning radius.

(2) (B) We propose a drawing machine that can be easily used on a general office desk without a drawing board.

(3) Can be folded compactly when not in use.
To propose a drawing machine that can be easily stored in a desk drawer or the like and is convenient to carry.

[Means and operations for solving the problem] (1) First means button and operation A fixed flat substrate that also serves as a drawing paper holder, an intermediate flat plate, and a ruler flat plate are arranged in parallel, and the fixed flat substrate and the This drawing machine has an intermediate flat plate, and the intermediate flat plate and the ruler flat plate are rotatably connected to each other by a pair of parallel connecting rods near both left and right ends. Next, the operation of the drawing machine thus constructed will be described. If the ruler flat plate is moved closer to the fixed flat substrate by a distance b1, the ruler flat plate will move in parallel. Therefore, parallel lines can be drawn along the ruler plate. To draw a parallel line that is inclined to a reference line, set the fixed flat board at a certain angle, move the ruler plate away from it, or bring it closer to it, and you will be able to draw the inclined parallel line. In this way, the drawing machine of the present invention has three flat plates (a fixed flat board, an intermediate flat plate, and a ruler flat plate) as a base, and the entire rank mechanism for two sets of flat plates is one parallel ruler and drafting machine. Its basic characteristics lie in its structure. A typical example of a mechanism of two parallel lug mechanisms is shown in FIG. As an example of its application,
There is a conventional drawing machine shown in Fig. 3.However, in these conventional drawing machines that apply two parallel rank mechanisms, the member (clamp part 9 in Fig. 13) that is the basis of parallel movement is firmly screwed, etc. It is fixed, and parallel motion is transmitted to others based on this fixed member. Another example is the arm of a desk lamp. The application of the present invention to a drawing machine will be explained in detail in the [Example] section, but the fixed flat substrate is in a semi-fixed state due to the frictional force due to its own weight or the attraction force of the magnet, and this is used as a reference. Parallel lines can be drawn by moving the ruler plate away from the ruler or towards it. In this case, all of the forces that move the ruler plate relative to the fixed flat substrate act on the stator substrate because each parallel connecting rod rotates about each bin. Therefore, the stator substrate functions satisfactorily in a semi-fixed state due to the frictional force due to its own weight or the magnetic attraction force.

(2) Second means and effect The following means were added to the first means. At approximately the center of the two sets of left and right parallel connecting rods, the stator substrate and the intermediate flat plate, and the intermediate flat plate and the ruler flat plate are connected by tension springs in parallel to the respective parallel connecting rods. The first drafting machine
In this method, two sets of parallel connecting rods are rotatably connected by a pin. If there is an adjustment between the diameter of the hole of each parallel connecting rod and the diameter of each bottle, the adjustment of the ruler flat plate with respect to the stator board will be compounded and become large, making it unusable as a drawing machine. It is important to keep the ambience between the hole diameter of each parallel connecting rod and the diameter of each bottle as small as possible. Also, without all of the above-mentioned toys, it will not function as a parallel ruler or drafting machine. Therefore, the play is made as small as possible, and the stator board and the intermediate flat plate, and the intermediate flat plate and the ruler flat plate are connected by tension springs, thereby absorbing the play of the ruler flat plate with respect to the stator board, It functioned as a drawing machine.

〔Example〕

The present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples.

7, 8, and 11 show a first embodiment of the present invention, which will be explained below. FIG. 7 is a plan view of the drawing machine of the present invention in a folded state. FIG. 8 is a plan view of FIG. 7 in an intermediately opened state. FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional view of FIG. 15 is a stator substrate, 16 is an intermediate flat plate, and 17 is a transparent ruler flat plate.

18.19 is a first parallel connecting rod that rotatably connects the stator substrate 15 and the intermediate plate 16 to the pins 22.23.24.2.
They are joined by 5. Reference numeral 20.21 denotes a jlE2 parallel connecting rod, in which the intermediate flat plate 16 and the ruler flat plate 17 are rotatably connected by pins 24, 25, 26, and 27. 28 is a knob □, which is fixed to the ruler flat plate 17. As shown in FIG. 11, the bins 22, (23) are fixed (crimped) to the stator board 15, the bins 24 (25) to the intermediate plate 16, and the bins 26 (27) to the ruler plate 17. There is. In order to make this drafting machine convenient for relatively small drawings on A4 drafting paper, the length direction of the ruler flat plate 17 is 30 (7 m).
Using a transparent ruler, set the hole spacing between each parallel connecting rod 1819.20 and 21 to be approximately 100 m. The stator board 17 is made of a steel plate with a thickness of about 3 mm so that it does not move easily.
Make sure that it does not move easily due to its weight (approximately 400 f).

Also, a rubber sheet 52 (see FIG. 18) with a thickness of about 1 mm is pasted on the back surface of the stator substrate 15, and the stator substrate 15? It can also be made more stable.

Next, a second implementation of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 9, 10, and 12. 1 of Figures 7, 8, and 11
In implementation, bin 22.23.24.25.26.2
7 each outer diameter and parallel connecting rod 18.19.20.21
If the play with the hole diameter is large, the play of the ruler flat plate 17 with respect to the stator base M15 becomes large due to the combination of the respective movements, and as a result, the parallel lines drawn by moving the ruler flat plate 17f away from each other are By combining the bin games, you will be able to draw different parallel lines. Therefore, this tension was absorbed by a tension spring, so that the parallel lines in the direction of moving away from the object and the parallel lines in the direction of approaching it coincided. Stator board 15
The spring uke 31 is fixed at the intermediate position between the bins 22 and 23, and the pane uke 32 is fixed at the intermediate position between the bins 24 and 25 of the intermediate plate 16.
．． 33 is fixed, and a spring uke 34 is fixed at an intermediate position between the bins 26 and 27 of the ruler flat plate 17. spring uke 31 and 3
A tension spring 29 is applied to 2, and a tension spring 30 is applied to spring ukes 33 and 34. Bin 22.23.24.25.26
．． Without Part 27, the first parallel connecting rod 18.19
, when the ruler flat plate 17 does not rotate in the hole with the second parallel connecting rod 20.21 and is moved away from or closer to the stator board 15 using the knob 28, the fixed flat board machining 5 serving as a reference also moves. This would be inconvenient as they would have to move together. Therefore, it is necessary to minimize the play of each pin part.

(First embodiment shown in FIGS. 7, 8, and 11) In the second embodiment, the above-mentioned amplifier reduces the cost of parts by allowing the amplifier to some extent, but on the other hand, as mentioned above, the 2
At 9.30, the stator board 15 and the intermediate flat plate 16, and the intermediate flat plate 16 and the ruler flat plate 17 are pulled together, that is, the alignment of the ruler flat plate 17 with respect to the fixed flat board 15 is adjusted by absorbing the ambiguity of the bottle part. It is something that has been absorbed and lost. Moreover, the tension spring 29 is attached to the first parallel connecting rod 18.19.
The tension D spring 30 is connected to the second parallel connecting rod 20121,
Since they are installed parallel to each other,
Only the assemblage of each bottle portion is absorbed, and no force acts to make the distances between the stator substrate 15 and the intermediate flat plate 16, and between the intermediate flat plate 16 and the ruler flat plate 17 any closer. For example, even if you open from the state shown in Figure 9 to the state shown in Figure 10, that! ! This is advantageous because it remains stationary at the position of the casing and no force is generated to shrink it in the direction shown in FIG.

Next, the third implementation with respect to FIGS. 13, 14, 15, and 16 will be described. Figure 7, Figure 8, Figure 11
In order to eliminate the problem caused by the ambience between the outer diameter of each pin and the hole diameter of each parallel connection rod in the first embodiment shown in the figure, this part is made into a pivot holder or a ball holder to eliminate the play and each parallel connection. The rod has improved rotation. 1st implementation, 2nd
Implementation bin 22.23.24.25.26.27 is the third
In the example shown in FIG. 14, the lever receiver 39.
As for the lever receivers 39.40 and 43.44 that correspond to the 40, 41, 42, 43. The lever receivers 43 and 44 have the same structure, and are fixed to the stator board 15 and the ruler flat plate 17 so as to face each other. One end of the parallel connecting rod 35, 36, 37, 38 has a barb screw 45, 46, 505 as shown in Fig. 15.
At No. 1, the top and bottom are fixed with screws, and the tip (90 degree angle) is engaged so that it can be easily rotated. Further, the lever receivers 41 and 42 are shown in FIG. 16 as an enlarged detailed view. The other ends of the parallel connecting rods 35 and 37 are connected to the lever receiver 41 and the pole 49? The other end of the tip screw 47 and the connecting rod 36, 38 are screwed from above and below in the lever receiver 42 via a ball 49 with a tip screw 47, 48. The lever receivers 41 and 42 are caulked and fixed to the intermediate flat plate 16. - Pivot bearings are superior to shafts and plain bearings in terms of the relationship between shafts and bearings in boat fishing, as they have a structure that allows light rotation without ambiguity. Three embodiments are shown in Figures 13, 14, 15, and 16. Although not shown,
Ball bearings can also be used.

Next, FIGS. 17 and 18 will be explained.

This embodiment is based on the first embodiment described above and has the following functions. That is, a protractor 54 was printed on a transparent ruler flat plate 17 to make it easier to draw inclined parallel lines. Further, a concave groove 17a is provided in the flat ruler plate 17, and a vertical ruler 56 is squeezed into the concave groove 17a so that vertical lines can also be drawn.O55 is a knob for sliding the vertical ruler 56. Further, a friction plate made of a rubber sheet 52 is attached to the back surface of the stator substrate 15, and a commercially available card type calculator 53 is fixed to the front surface.

Next, how to use the present invention will be explained.

First, we will explain the case where it is used as an auxiliary tool for a full-scale drafter. FIG. 19 is a front view when this drafting machine is used in combination with a conventional drafter.

The drawing board 1 is inclined as shown in the side view of FIG. 1, but since a magnetic sheet is pasted on the surface, the drawing machine can be attracted to any position on the drawing board 1. The stator board 15 is set at a position that will serve as a base parrot, and the ruler flat plate 17 is moved in parallel using the knob 28 to draw a drawing. Vertical lines can also be drawn by sliding the triangular ruler 59 in the horizontal direction. The ruler flat plate 17 can be moved in parallel with the knob □28, which is convenient when drawing partial details without tiring hands and arms. Next, the case where it is used for convenience 2 on a general office desk will be explained.

FIG. 20 is a diagonal view at that time. A magnetic sheet 57 is spread on the office desk, and paper 58 is placed on it. FIG. 21 is a plan view showing the magnetic meet 57, the paper 58, and the section state of the drawing machine. As shown in FIG. 21, set the stator board 15 on the lower side of the paper 58, and use the knob 28 to move the ruler flat plate 17 near the upper side of the paper 58 so that the upper side of the paper 58 and the ruler flat plate 17 are parallel to each other. Modify the stator board 15 accordingly. The stator board 15 is 3m long.
Since it is made of a steel plate with a thickness of about m, its own weight and
The attraction force of the magnet meet 57 functions as a cross-link to press down the lower side of the paper 58, and at the same time functions as a reference for moving the ruler flat plate 17 in parallel with the knob 28. FIG. 23 is a plan view in which a triangular ruler 59 is also used to allow vertical lines to be drawn. Furthermore, it is a plan view of a state in which a template 60 of alphabetic characters or several characters is used in place of the triangular ruler 59. In this case, even without the magnet sheet 57, the stator board 15
It works with just its own weight. Even without a drawing board, this machine can be easily drafted on a general office desk, and after the drafting work is completed, it can be folded and stored in a desk drawer, etc., and is compact and convenient to carry.

Next, when the paper 58 is larger than A3 size, as shown in FIG.
, 62 and 63, and then the manner of use of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 17 will be explained. Using the protractor 54 of the ruler flat plate 17, the necessary angle is tilted with respect to a certain reference line, the ruler flat plate 17 is moved in parallel with the knob 28, and the vertical ruler 56 is moved with the knob 55, so that an inclined line can be drawn. . Also, when the paper 58 is large, move the drawing machine appropriately and
It is also possible to draw parts. Since the calculator 53 is attached, it is convenient for calculating dimensions. [Effects of the Invention] The present invention has the following effects.

First, it can be used as an auxiliary tool for conventional full-scale drawing machines. The ruler flat plate 17 can be moved very easily, and the hand
My arms don't get tired. Conventional full-scale drawing machines are equipped with large drawing boards and can move widely in horizontal and vertical directions, making them very convenient for drawing large drawings. However, the weight of the movable parts is considerable, and hands and arms become tiring when moving a small distance.
There are some drawbacks. When used as an auxiliary tool for a full-fledged drafting machine, this drafting machine eliminates hand and arm fatigue and is a convenient drafting machine that is smaller than a small machine. It can also be used by adhering it to the magnetic sheet of a full-scale drafting machine, so it can be used on an inclined drafting board without slipping off.

Second, it can be easily used on an office desk, and after use,
You can fold it up, store it in a desk drawer, etc., and immediately move on to general office work. Even in places where there is no place to install a large drawing machine (Figs. 1 and 2), drawing work can be done on a general office desk or a desk at home.

Third, it can be folded into a compact size, making it very convenient to carry.

Fourthly, it is easy to just draw parallel or perpendicular lines, and when writing alphabet letters or several letters, move the template 60 of alphabet letters or several letters in parallel while keeping it in close contact with the ruler flat plate 17. It is very convenient because the lines can be written neatly in parallel (Figure 23).

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 6 show a conventional drafting machine. Figure 1 is a side view of a conventional full-scale drawing machine. FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1. Third
The figure is a plan view of a simple drawing machine used on a conventional office desk. FIG. 4 is a side view of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing another example of a simple drawing machine used on a conventional office desk. FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 5. FIG. 7 is a plan view of a first embodiment of the drawing machine according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a plan view when the ruler flat plate 17 of FIG. 7 is moved in parallel. FIG. 9 is a plan view of a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a plan view when the ruler flat plate 17 of FIG. 9 is moved in parallel. FIG. 11 is a side view of FIG. 8. FIG. 12 is a side view of FIG. 10. FIG. 13 is an ABCDEF cross-sectional view of FIG. 14. figure. FIG. 17 is a plan view of a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 17. FIG. 19 is a front view when the drawing machine of the present invention is used in combination with a conventional full-scale drawing machine. FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the drawing machine of the present invention when used on a general office desk. Figure 21 shows the magnet sheet 5 in Figure 20.
FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the relationship between paper 7, paper 58, and the drawing machine of the present invention. FIG. 22 is a plan view of the third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 17 in use. FIG. 23 is a plan view when the first embodiment of the present invention is used together with a triangular ruler 59. FIG. 24, which is a plan view when used in combination with a template 60 of alpha vera or several characters, is a diagram showing a typical example of a general rank mechanism that operates two sets. 15... Stator board, 16... Intermediate flat plate, 17...
・Ruler flat plate, 18.19...1st parallel connecting rod, 201
21...Second parallel connecting rod, 22.23.24.25.
26.27... Bottle, 28... Knob, 29.30
...Tension spring, 31, 32.33.34...Spring bracket 35.36...First parallel connecting rod, 37.38...
・Second parallel connecting rod, 39.40, 41.42.43.4
4...Lever holder, 45.46.47.48.50゜5
1... Sword tip screw, 49... Ball, 52... Rubber sheet, 53... Card type calculator, 54... Protractor, 55... Knob, 56... Vertical ruler, 57...・・・
Magnetic sheet, 58...Paper, 59...Triangular ruler, 60...Character template.

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) Consists of a fixed flat substrate that also serves as a drafting paper holder, an intermediate flat plate, and a ruler flat plate, and the fixed flat substrate and the intermediate flat plate, and the intermediate flat plate and the ruler flat plate are placed near both left and right ends, respectively. , a drawing machine that is rotatably connected by a pair of parallel connecting rods. (2) At approximately the center position of the two sets of left and right parallel connecting rods, the fixed flat substrate and the intermediate flat plate, and the intermediate flat plate and the ruler flat plate are connected by tension springs in parallel to each parallel connecting rod. The drawing machine according to claim 1, wherein the drawing machine is connected.