JPH03846A - Flame retardant fiber structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the subject readily dyeable structure with an extremely low shrinkage factor at high temperature without causing breaking perforation phenomenon even in direct contact with high-temperature bodies and useful for flame protective clothes, etc., by using a layer composed of flameproofing fiber in layers except surface layers. CONSTITUTION:The objective structure which is a multilayered structure, mainly composed of flame retardant fiber and dyeable fiber and obtained by constructing at least one layer from flameproof fiber except surface layers. Furthermore, e.g. aromatic polyamide fibers, etc., are preferably used as the flameproof and dyeable fiber and silvers or 100% spun yarn, etc., are preferably used as the flameproof fiber.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to flame-retardant fibrous structures.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, flame-retardant fiber structures have been used in flame protective clothing useful for high-temperature workers, people who handle volatile substances such as gasoline, drivers, etc., and interior materials for aircraft, trains, etc. It is not enough for these flame-retardant fiber structures to simply be flame-resistant; they also have sufficient strength to prevent the flames from tearing and puncturing against intense heat flow, preventing direct contact with the human body or combustible objects inside. Must be retained.

In order to be easily accepted in the boat fishing market, the flame-retardant fiber structure must be flame resistant, dyeable, durable, and lightweight.

Under these circumstances, organic heat-resistant fibers have recently been developed.
For example, aromatic polyamide fibers are used and are highly evaluated because they have many advantages such as heat resistance, solvent resistance, and flame resistance. However, meta-aromatic polyamide fibers actually shrink by 15% or more when they come into direct contact with objects at high temperatures (for example, 500° C. or higher), and in some cases, may even form holes. On the other hand, para-oriented aromatic polyamide fibers are carbonized by direct contact with a high-temperature object, resulting in a decrease in strength, and depending on the thickness of the textile structure, there is a hole formation phenomenon.

Also, although it has self-extinguishing properties when the burning object is removed,
Commonly combustible fibers such as cotton, rayon, etc. are treated with various flame resistant compositions.

Additionally, normally flammable fibers spun with flame retardant agents, recycled or synthetic fibers such as rayon, polyester, acrylic, etc., or synthetics spun from inherently flame resistant polymeric materials such as vinyl chloride. Flame-resistant structures woven or woven from any of the fibers are commonly applied and evaluated in curtains, carpets, upholstery, etc., and bedding where the propagation of flame is to be avoided.

However, when the hot object is exposed to the flame heat flow, it is unsatisfactory as it exhibits a high degree of shrinkage and puncture due to breakage.

Conventional technology provides heat-resistant structures made of inorganic fiber materials such as asbestos, glass fiber, and ceramic fiber. Although they are useful in their respective functions, they are extremely difficult to process into threads and fabrics due to the non-dyeability and brittleness of the fibers, which cause the fibers to break due to bending. Furthermore, the sticking of the broken fibers causes discomfort to the wearer and is difficult to accept due to socio-ecological reasons.

On the other hand, it is known that flame-resistant fibers can be obtained as intermediates in the carbon fiber manufacturing process using PAN (polyacrylonitrile), pitch, and phenol fibers as raw materials.

Flame-resistant fibers are useful in terms of flame resistance, self-extinguishing properties, and solvent resistance against flame heat flow. However, since it is a brittle fiber with low values for both strength and elongation, it has poor abrasion resistance and has problems in durability.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

In view of the current state of technology, the present inventors have conducted extensive studies with the aim of creating a flame-retardant fiber structure that solves the problems by effectively combining and utilizing these materials, and as a result, they have developed the present invention. It has been reached.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention is a multilayered structure mainly composed of flame-retardant fibers and dyeable fibers, in which at least one layer excluding the surface layer is composed of flame-resistant fibers.

Hereinafter, configuration aspects of the flame-retardant fiber structure according to the present invention will be explained in detail.

The multilayer structure of the present invention is a structure composed of two or more layers of knitted fabrics, nonwoven fabrics, or nonwoven fabrics and knitted fabrics combined by needle punching or the like, and is preferably made of a composite material with high density and thickness. A thin woven fabric is preferred, and the surface layer is a flame-retardant fibrous structure made of flame-retardant and dyeable fibers. The flame-retardant fibers and dyeable fibers used for the surface mentioned here refer to LOI (lowest oxygen index JIS-7201, 1).
972) is 23 or more, preferably 25 or more. Examples include aromatic polyamide fibers, vinyl chloride, and those made of a copolymer mainly composed of a vinyl compound and acrylonitrile, but are not particularly limited ( , L
Any fiber that has an OI of 23 or more and is dyeable may be used. In particular, it does not burn up due to flame, has low heat conduction and chars,
Furthermore, flame-retardant fibers with self-extinguishing properties are preferred.

On the other hand, the flame-resistant fiber (Lastan 0), which constitutes the core material by inserting and/or inserting the back side of two or more layers of knitted fabric, is used in the form of sliver, 100% spun yarn, knitted fabric or non-woven fabric using the same.

Even if the multilayer flame-retardant structure constructed as described above comes into direct contact with a high-temperature object (e.g. flame), the flame-retardant fibers that make up its surface will only carbonize and harden, and the structure will not shrink as a whole and the other side will The constituent flame-resistant fibers do not cause a decrease in strength due to energy dispersion and absorption, and exhibit an excellent synergistic effect that prevents the phenomenon of perforation.

〔Example〕

Example 1 The outer layer is made of 2/2 coated dyed and zabro-treated flame-retardant wool fiber.
A double knitted fabric was obtained using a 14 gauge flat knitting machine using 36 meter count yarn, while the backing layer was made of 2/34 meter count yarn of 100% flame resistant fiber (Lastan e). .

The texture was cotton jersey on both the front and lining, and the fabric weight was 520 g/m''.

The above sample was tested using a 45° method flammability tester (FL- manufactured by Suga Test Instruments).
45 type) 20φ Metskel burner, flame length 50m/m,
Flammability tests were conducted using LP gas. The evaluation method was to bring the flame into direct contact with the surface layer of the sample, and then measure the time during which burner flame was observed on the opposite side (the lining layer) of the sample. In addition, a flame was brought into contact with the surface layer of the sample for 2 minutes, and the breaking strength at the center of the sample was measured. The method is to fix the sample after combustion horizontally, place a 3.6g piece of stainless steel round rod with diameter 8φ x length 10mm in the center part where the flame touched, add a weight, and when the stainless steel piece falls. Evaluation was made using the weight of the weight. The results are shown in Table 1.

The flame-retardant structure of the present invention shows good results not only in flame retardancy in flames but also in flame resistance strength as compared to Comparative Example 1.2.

Example 2 The outer layer is a single layer knitted fabric according to Example 1. For the lining layer, a composite structure was fabricated by combining a nonwoven fabric made of flame-resistant fiber (Lastan [F]) with a fabric weight of 350 gems to the knitted fabric that will become the outer layer using a needle punch.The total fabric weight at that time was is 520 ge
It was "m".

Flame retardancy evaluation was performed based on the same criteria as in Example 1.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 A 100% double-knitted fabric using a 2/36 meter count dyed with flame-retardant wool fiber and subjected to Zabro processing was evaluated for structure, basis weight, and combustion test based on the standards of the previous example. The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 2 A nonwoven fabric with a fabric weight of 520 gem2 was made using too% flame-resistant fiber (Lastan e), and a combustion test was conducted on the basis of the previous example. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 As shown in Table 1, in the present invention, no holes occur and there is little decrease in the strength of the flame contact area, whereas in Comparative Example 1, holes occur, and in Comparative Example 2, no holes occur. Although it does not occur,
The strength of the part in contact with the flame is below a practical level.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The flame-retardant structure of the present invention has (1) an extremely low shrinkage rate at high temperatures; ■When a high-temperature object comes into direct contact with the product, surface carbonization and energy absorption occur, so the product does not shrink as a whole and does not cause damage or holes. ■Since the surface is covered with dyeable fibers, it has remarkable effects such as easy dyeing, and is extremely useful.

Patent applicant: Asahi Kasei Industries, Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A multilayer structure mainly composed of flame-retardant fibers and dyeable fibers, in which at least one layer excluding the surface layer is composed of flame-resistant fibers.