JPH0381409A - Braking device for lifting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make handle operation easy and reduce wear of friction surface by providing a mechanical brake mechanism wherein a ratchet plate is used and a tightening force retaining brake on the central axis of a line of an input shaft and an output shaft with a ratchet plate. CONSTITUTION:Friction plates 24, 25 are fixed, and an input shaft 2 and an output shaft 4 wherein a reversing mechanism that is rotatable and having allowed rotation directions inverse each other are provided facing each other in a straight line between their shaft ends. Also, a thread/nut mechanism is provided at the end of the input shaft 2 and a slide shaft joint at the end of the output shaft 4, respectively, and a movable friction body 32 that integrated them is formed. And two brake mechanisms are formed between friction surfaces 30, 31 and the friction plats 24, 25, respectively, interposing reversal prevention mechanisms whose allowed rotation directions are ontrary. Further more, the allowed rotation direction and the twisting direction of both reversal prevention mechanisms are selected so that the brake mechanism on the side of output acts as a mechanical brake, and the brake mechanism on the side of input as a tightening brake.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a brake device for a self-weight-lowering type lifting device, such as a water gate opening/closing device, that raises and lowers a load and presses the load against the floor surface. be.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, this type of device, for example, in a manual water gate opening/closing device, uses a mechanical brake or a centrifugal brake to lower the water gate under its own weight, and after the water gate reaches the bottom of the water, it is further closed with a handle to prevent water leakage. It was necessary to press down on the water-tight rubber provided at the lower edge of the water gate and retighten it to maintain the field-tight condition.

For this purpose, a mechanism as shown in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-35159 has been proposed.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, with such conventional brakes, when the handle gets stuck in the operation and the tightening is released, or when the mechanical brake is released with a load applied, the friction surfaces slide against each other while thrust is applied. The handle had to be turned, the torque required to release it was large, and a large amount of force had to be applied to the handle.

Furthermore, since the friction surfaces were allowed to slide while under load, the wear and tear on the friction surfaces was significant.

The present invention solves the problems of these conventional methods, and even when the mechanical brake is released to lower the load, the pressing force holding brake (for example, retightening brake) that keeps the load pressed against the floor is released. It is an object of the present invention to provide a brake device for a lifting device that requires less torque for release and less wear and tear on the friction surface.

[! l! Means to solve the problem]

The present invention relates to a brake device inserted into a rotary drive force transmission mechanism of a self-weight descending lifting device that lifts and lowers a load using rotational drive force and gravity from a manual or prime mover, in which an input shaft and an output shaft are connected to each other. They are arranged facing each other on one central axis, and a friction plate having a friction surface on the side facing the shaft end is fixed to each of the input shaft and the output shaft, and on the shaft end side of the friction plate of each shaft. is rotatably supported around each shaft, and is provided with a reverse rotation prevention mechanism having mutually opposite allowable rotation directions and friction surfaces on both sides, and a screw is provided at the shaft end of the input shaft. A shaft side member of a sliding shaft joint is provided at the shaft end of the output shaft to transmit torque and to be relatively slidable in the axial direction, and the sliding side member of the sliding shaft joint has the screw and the shaft side member. A moving friction body is formed by integrally providing a nut portion to be screwed together, and having friction surfaces that can come into contact with the friction surfaces of the reversal prevention mechanism on both end faces in the axial direction,
The reversal prevention mechanism on the output shaft side prevents rotation in the direction of torque due to gravity, and the direction of the screw on the input shaft side is such that when the movable friction body is rotated in the direction of torque due to gravity, This is a brake device for an elevating device, characterized in that the movable friction body is oriented so as to approach the reverse rotation prevention mechanism on the output shaft side.

[For production]

The present invention provides an input shaft and an output shaft that fix friction plates and are provided with a reversal prevention mechanism between each friction plate and the shaft end that is rotatable with respect to the shaft and has mutually opposite allowable rotation directions. are arranged facing each other in a straight line, a screw and nut mechanism is provided at the end of the input shaft, and a sliding shaft coupling (a shaft coupling that transmits torque but is relatively movable in the axial direction) is provided at the end of the output shaft. The nut part of the screw/nut mechanism and the sliding body of the sliding shaft joint are integrated to form a moving friction body, and the friction surfaces on both sides of this moving friction body are connected to the friction plates of the input shaft and output shaft. Two brake mechanisms are formed by sandwiching a reversal prevention mechanism with opposite allowable rotation directions between them.The brake mechanism on the output side acts as a mechanical brake, and the brake mechanism on the input side acts as an additional brake. By selecting the allowable rotation direction of the re-reverse prevention mechanism and the twisting direction of the screw,
Both when releasing the additional brake and when releasing the mechanical brake, the friction surfaces are directly separated in the axial direction by the action of the screw, and the friction surfaces do not slip against each other, and the release torque becomes extremely small.

Furthermore, since the friction surface does not slide while the thrust is applied, wear and tear on the friction surface can be prevented.

(Example〕 Embodiments of the present invention will be described using the drawings.

Fig. 4 shows an example of the arrangement of the brake device of the present invention. Fig. 4 shows an example of the driving force transmission mechanism from the handle part of the manual water gate opening/closing device to a part of the gear device. 1 is a manual handle, 2 is an input shaft, 3 is a brake device according to the present invention, 4 is an output shaft, 5 is a multi-disc clutch, 6 is a pinion shaft, 7 is a centrifugal brake, 8 is a pinion, 9 is a gear that meshes with it, 10 is a binion, and the subsequent gear mechanism,
Binions and rack mechanisms that raise and lower the water gate are omitted.

As will be described later, when the multi-disc clutch 6 is connected and the handle 1 is turned in the opening direction 1), the water gate will open (the water gate rises), and when it is turned in the closing direction 12, the water gate will be closed (the water gate descends). If the multi-disc clutch 5 is disconnected, the water gate will descend under its own weight at a predetermined speed due to the action of the centrifugal brake 7.

Brake device! 3 will be explained in detail with reference to FIG.

A bearing 16 is attached to the flange metal 15 attached to the gear box 13 of the lifting device via the casing 14 of the brake device 3. The input shaft 2 is supported rotatably and fixedly in the axial direction by the rolling bearing 17 . The output shaft 4 is rotatably and fixedly supported in the axial direction by a rolling bearing 18 provided in the casing 14 and a rolling bearing (not shown) provided in the multi-disc clutch 5. .

The input shaft 2 and the output shaft 4 are arranged facing each other on one central shaft 19, and a guide hole 20 provided at the shaft end of the output shaft 4 is provided at the shaft end of the input shaft 2. The guide bin 21 is fitted in such a way that it can rotate relative to each other to prevent the centers of both wheels from shifting.

A friction plate 2425 having a friction surface 22,23 on the side facing the shaft end is fixed to each of the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 4.

A screw 26 (left-hand thread) is provided at the shaft end of the input shaft 2.
A spline shaft 27 is provided at the shaft end of the output shaft 4, which is a shaft-side member of a spline-type shaft joint that is a sliding shaft joint that transmits torque and is relatively slidable in the axial direction.

The spline boss 28 serving as the sliding member of the spline joint is integrally formed with a nut portion 29 that engages with the screw 26, and has friction surfaces 30.3 on both axial end surfaces.
1, a moving friction body 32 is formed.

A ratchet plate 33 serving as a reversal prevention mechanism is rotatably supported around the input shaft 2 between the movable friction body 32 and the friction plate 24. Brake linings 34, 35 are provided on both axial end faces of the ratchet plate 33.

On the other hand, a ratchet plate 36 serving as a reversal prevention mechanism is rotatably supported around the output shaft 4 between the movable friction body 32 and the friction plate 25. Brake linings 37 and 38 are provided on both sides of the ratchet plate 360.

As will be described later, the ratchet plate 33 is prevented from rotating in the opening direction 1) of the inner ring, but is allowed to rotate in the closing direction 12. On the other hand, the ratchet [36 is 12 in the closing direction as described later.
rotation in the opening direction 1) is allowed.

That is, the permissible rotational directions of the ratchet plates 33 and 36 are opposite to each other.

To explain the ratchet plate 33, as shown in FIG.
2 and a ratchet pawl 45 slidably provided in a sleeve 43 provided in the casing 14 and biased by a spring 44, the ratchet Fi 33 is allowed to rotate in the closing direction 12, but not in the opening direction. The rotation of 1) is prevented.

In the ratchet plate 36, the ratchet pawl 39 is oriented in the opposite direction, allowing rotation of the ratchet 136 in the opening direction 1), but preventing rotation in the closing direction 12.

Since the screw 26 is a left-hand thread, the following action is performed. That is, if the direction of the torque generated by the weight of the load (sluice gate) is the gravitational action direction 46, the output shaft 4 can be moved relative to the input shaft 2. When the moving friction body 32 is relatively rotated in the gravity action direction 46 by the screw 29 (left-hand thread),
Ratchet Fi36 with 4 output shafts, which is a reversal prevention mechanism that does not allow rotation in gravity action direction 46 (closing direction 12)
, the friction surface 31 presses against the brake lining 37 and transmits torque in the gravity direction 46 to the ratchet plate 36. However, rotation in this direction is prevented by the action of the ratchet plate 36 mentioned above, which acts as a brake that supports the load and acts as a mechanical brake as will be described later.

Conversely, if the output shaft 4 is rotated in the anti-gravity direction 47 relative to the input shaft 2, the screw 26
The moving friction body 32 has an anti-gravity action direction 47 (opening direction 1
)) approaches the lattice throat plate 33, which is a reversal prevention mechanism that does not allow rotation, and presses against it to transmit torque in the anti-gravity direction 47. However, due to the action of the ratchet plate 33 described above, rotation in this direction is prevented, and acts as a retightening brake to prevent the tension from loosening.

The operation of the brake device configured as above will be explained.

First, the operation of opening and closing the water gate (lifting and lowering the water gate door) will be explained.

If we start by turning the handle 1 in the opening direction 1) and the water gate starts to rise, then the output shaft 4 will move in the gravitational direction 4 relative to the input shaft 2 due to the weight of the water gate.
6, the movable friction body 32 moves to the right due to the action of the left-handed screw 26, contacts and presses the ratchet pawl 36, and the screw 26 and the nut portion 29
is in a locked state. Therefore, the torque of handle 1 is
Spline boss 28. Output shaft 4 via spline shaft 27
, and the floodgates will rise. At this time, since the ratchet plate 36 is in a free state, it does not hinder the rotation of the output shaft 4 in the opening direction 1).

If you stop the handle 1 and release your hand, the torque from the spline shaft 27 will disappear, but since the movable friction body 32 presses the ratchet plate 36 against the friction plate 25, they will become one piece due to friction, and the lattice and throat plate 36 Rotation in the gravitational direction 46 is prevented by the action of . Therefore, even if you release your hand, the water gate will remain open without falling.

When a torque in the closing direction 12 is applied to the handle 1 to lower the water gate door, the output shaft 4 is moved to the input shaft 2 by the mechanical braking action by the friction plate 25, ratchet plate 36, spline shaft 27, movable friction body 32, and screw 26. The water gate rotates following the rotation of the water gate, and the water gate descends without receiving its own weight on the handle 1.

At this time, if you turn handle 1 in the closing direction 1), screw 2
6, the friction surface 31 of the movable friction body 32 immediately separates from the brake lining 37 in the axial direction without slipping, and the brake can be loosened without requiring a large torque.

When the lower end of the water gate reaches the bottom of the water, its own weight crushes the watertight rubber, and when the reaction force from the deformation of the watertight rubber and its own weight are balanced, the descent due to its own weight stops.

Next, the retightening operation will be explained.

When the handle 1 is further turned in the closing direction 12 from the above state, the output shaft 4 remains stopped in rotation due to the reaction force of the watertight rubber. That is, the output shaft 4 rotates in the anti-gravity direction 47 relative to the input shaft 2. Then,
Due to the action of the screw 26, which is a left-hand thread, the movable friction body 32 approaches the ratchet shaft [33], which is a reversal prevention mechanism that does not allow rotation in the anti-gravity direction 47, and presses it between it and the friction plate 24, and the screw 26 is locked. What's the situation? Handle 1
The torque is transmitted to the water gate, crushing the watertight rubber and applying a linear force. At this time, the ratcheso N 33 is free, so it does not interfere with the input shaft 20 rotations.

Note that this linear force is transmitted to the handle 1 as a reaction, so the magnitude of the linear force can be ascertained by checking the response.

When the water-tight rubber is compressed to the extent that the water-tight rubber is tightened sufficiently and the handle 1 is released, the torque based on the reaction force from the water-tight rubber (anti-gravity action direction 47) causes the moving friction body to move under the action of the screw 26. 32 holds the lattice/gutter plate 33 integrally sandwiched between it and the friction plate 24;
In addition, since rotation in the anti-gravity action direction 47 is prevented by the action of the ratchet pawl 45, the watertight rubber is maintained in a compressed state and the line force is maintained. That is, the action of the force holding brake is performed.

Next, when raising the water gate again, by turning the handle 1 in the opening direction 1), the movable friction body 32 attempts to move to the right and is loosened by the friction against the ratchet plate 33, but due to the reaction from the watertight rubber. The force still rotates the output shaft 4 in the anti-gravity direction 47, so that the output shaft 4 is rotated towards the input shaft 2.
The water gate rises following the rotation of the handle 1 (that is, the rotation of the handle 1), the deformation of the watertight rubber recovers, and the reaction force becomes small.
It comes to balance with the water gate's own weight.

The nuchal brake acts like a mechanical brake against an external force in the direction opposite to the direction of gravity.

At this time, if you turn handle 1 in the opening direction 12, screw 2
6, the friction surface 30 of the movable friction body 32 immediately separates from the brake lining 34 in the axial direction without slipping, and the line brake can be loosened without requiring a large torque.

If the handle l is further turned in the opening direction 1), the water gate will return to its original state and the water gate will rise.

As described above, the mechanical brake mechanism using the ratchet plate 36 and the linear force holding brake using the ratchet plate 33 are arranged extremely compactly on the central axis of one input shaft 2 and output shaft 4. Moreover, the handle is extremely light when releasing the mechanical brake or line brake.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment, in which a flange coupling that allows relative movement in the axial direction is used as the sliding shaft coupling.

A coupling flange 5 is formed at the shaft end of the output shaft 4 by a square shaft 51 and a snap ring 52 as a shaft side member of a sliding shaft joint.
3 is fixed, and multiple coupling bottles 5 are arranged on the same circumference.
4 is retained. 55 is a coupling flange as a sliding side member of the sliding shaft joint, and the coupling bottle 54
A plurality of holes 56 corresponding to the screws 26 are provided, and the inner diameter is
(Left-hand thread) is the nut part 29 that screws into the
The surface facing the brake lining 35 is a friction surface 30.

57 is a brake disc fixed to the coupling flange 55, and the surface facing the brake lining 37 is the friction surface 31.

The coupling flange 55, the nut portion 29, and the brake disc 57 form a movable friction body 32 in one body. The movable friction body 32 can move relative to the coupling flange 53 to some extent in the axial direction, and transmits torque in the rotational direction through the coupling pin 54 and the hole 56.

A mechanical rake using a ratchet I anti-36,
The action of the movable friction body 32 with respect to the line force holding brake using the ratchet plate 33 is the same as in the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which the friction surfaces 31 are in contact and there is a gap on the friction surface 30 side in a load holding state.

In the above embodiment, if a cam clutch mechanism is used instead of the ratchet plate 36 for the mechanical brake and a ratchet throat F1.33 is used for the force retention brake as the reversal prevention mechanism, the water gate door can be raised and lowered. It is quiet at the time, and a ratcheting sound is emitted when the nuchal line is being operated, and it can be confirmed by the sound as well as the response of the handle 1 that the nuchal line is being operated.

However, the arrangement of the reverse prevention mechanism is not limited to this.
The types may be interchanged, the same type may be used for both, or other types of reverse prevention mechanisms may be used.

Note that the driving force to the input shaft may be provided by a prime mover such as a motor or an engine.

As for the load, it can be applied to items such as temporary water gates that need to be pressed against the floor in addition to lifting and lowering operations.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, the operating force of the handle becomes extremely light both when releasing the mechanical brake when releasing a load and when releasing the line brake, and wear and tear on the friction surface is reduced, resulting in extremely large effects.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an I-
3 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the arrangement of the brake device. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Handle, 2... Input shaft, 3... Brake device, 4... Output shaft, 5... Multi-plate clutch, 6...
・Binion shaft, 7...Centrifugal brake, 8...Binion, 9...Gear, 10...Binion, 1)...Opening direction, 12...Closing direction, 13...Gear box , 14...Casing, 15...Flange metal,
16... Bearing, 17... Rolling bearing, 18... Rolling bearing, 19... Center shaft, 20... Guide hole, 21...
...Guide pin, 22...Friction surface, 23...Friction surface, 24...Friction plate, 25...Friction plate, 26...Screw, 27...Spline shaft, 28... Spline boss, 29... Nut part, 30... Friction surface, 31...
- Friction surface, 32... Moving friction body, 33... Ratchet plate, 34... Brake lining, 35... Brake lining, 36... Ratchet plate, 37...
Brake lining, 38... Brake lining,
39... Ratchet pawl, 42... Ratchet tooth, 4
3...Sleeve, 44...Spring, 45...Ratchet pawl, 46...Gravity action direction, 47...Anti-gravity action direction, 51...Square shaft, 52...Snap ring,
53... Coupling flange, 54... Coupling pin, 55... Coupling flange, 56... Hole,
57...Brake disc.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) In a braking device inserted into the rotational drive force transmission mechanism of a weight-lowering type lifting device that raises and lowers a load using rotational drive force and gravity from a manual or prime mover, the input shaft and output shaft are aligned. A friction plate is arranged facing each other on the central axis, and a friction plate having a friction surface on the side facing the shaft end is fixed to each of the input shaft and the output shaft, and a friction plate is fixed to the shaft end side of the friction plate of each shaft. , a reversal prevention mechanism is provided which is rotatably supported around the respective shafts, has mutually opposite allowable rotation directions, and has friction surfaces on both sides, and a screw is provided at the shaft end of the input shaft. , a shaft side member of a sliding shaft joint is provided at the shaft end of the output shaft to transmit torque and to be relatively slidable in the axial direction, and the sliding shaft joint is provided with the screw and the screw. A mating nut portion is integrally provided, and a movable friction body is formed by having friction surfaces that can come into contact with the friction surfaces of the reversal prevention mechanism on both axial end surfaces, and prevents reversal on the output shaft side. The mechanism prevents rotation in the direction of torque due to gravity, and the direction of the screw on the input shaft side is such that when the movable friction body is rotated in the direction of torque due to gravity, the sliding friction body is rotated in the direction of torque due to gravity. A brake device for a lifting device characterized by being oriented so as to approach a reverse rotation prevention mechanism on the side.