JPH0379115B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0379115B2 JPH0379115B2 JP58167510A JP16751083A JPH0379115B2 JP H0379115 B2 JPH0379115 B2 JP H0379115B2 JP 58167510 A JP58167510 A JP 58167510A JP 16751083 A JP16751083 A JP 16751083A JP H0379115 B2 JPH0379115 B2 JP H0379115B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- bearing
- backing
- backing metal
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910000897 Babbitt (metal) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910001361 White metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010969 white metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000978 Pb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WIKSRXFQIZQFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Pb] Chemical compound [Cu].[Pb] WIKSRXFQIZQFEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 copper-lead alloys Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/50—Inorganic material, e.g. metals, not provided for in B23K2103/02 – B23K2103/26
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Description
本発明は軸受製造法に関するものである。
従来、ホワイトメタルを裏金にライニングする
ためには、予め裏金に錫あるいは半田メツキを施
工し、置注ぎ法又は遠心鋳造法によつて同裏金内
周面にホワイトメタルをライニングしていた。ま
た、銅合金軸受においても上記と同一鋳造法にて
ライニングしていた。
しかし、これらの方法で製造されたライニング
メタルのミクロ組織は偏析，ガス欠陥が多くしか
も粗大組織から構成されているので、メタルの疲
労強度が低く、耐久性に問題があつた（第４図参
照）。
この為、メタルの品質改善案として特公昭54−
44662号に、プラズマアーク溶接工法を利用し、
溶加材としてホワイトメタルのフイラーワイヤー
を用い、不活性ガスのアルゴンにてシールドを行
い、同時に裏金側から水冷して裏金に肉盛する軸
受製造法が提案されている。
本発明の目的は、上記した従来工法の溶接ワイ
ヤを用いる代りに板を直接溶接することにより、
軸受メタルの微細組織化を計り、軸受の耐久性向
上を狙うことにある。
上記目的は、軸受メタルよりも耐熱高強度の材
質、例えば銅、鋳鉄等より成り、円柱状の軸穴を
有する裏金に、ホワイトメタル等の低融点金属か
らなり、所望，厚さを有する軸受メタル板を該裏
金の内周面に嵌合するよう成型して該裏金に嵌装
仮固定し、ついで不活性ガスシールを行いつつ、
レーザ溶接工法を利用して、これを再溶融して裏
金にライニング後、急冷することを特徴とする本
発明の軸受製造法により達成することができる。
以下、本発明を円筒形裏金にホワイトメタルを
レーザ溶接工法にてライニングした場合の具体例
をあげて詳細に述べる。
第１図の鋼製円筒裏金１内面側に錫メツキを施
し、ホワイトメタルWJ1相当材の板厚３mmの圧延
板２を必要な大きさに切断後、裏金１内面側にプ
レスにて成型加工し、板端部を仮付け溶接３す
る。
次に第２図と、そのＡ−A′矢視図である第３
図に示すように、上記裏金１を定速回転機構を有
するローラ４上に設置後、レーザビーム６を折返
し鏡７とレンズ８にて軸受端部に集光するように
調整する。尚、溶接施工時には裏金背面から冷却
する為の冷却装置を具備している（図示略）。
ローラ４上の裏金１を一定速度にて回転すると
共に、レーザビーム６も裏金１端部から軸方向に
一定速度にて移動させ、例えば次表に示すレーザ
の施工条件にて溶接部のアルゴンガスシールドを
行い、且つ裏金１を冷却しながら、裏金１全周に
亘つて狭幅の溶接ライニング５を実施した。
The present invention relates to a bearing manufacturing method. Conventionally, in order to line a backing metal with white metal, the backing metal was plated with tin or solder in advance, and the inner peripheral surface of the backing metal was lined with white metal by pouring or centrifugal casting. Copper alloy bearings were also lined using the same casting method as above. However, the microstructure of the lining metal manufactured by these methods has many segregations and gas defects, and is composed of a coarse structure, so the fatigue strength of the metal is low and there are problems with durability (see Figure 4). ). For this reason, as a plan to improve the quality of metal,
44662, using the plasma arc welding method,
A bearing manufacturing method has been proposed in which white metal filler wire is used as the filler material, shielded with an inert gas of argon, and at the same time water-cooled from the backing metal side and overlaid on the backing metal. The purpose of the present invention is to directly weld the plates instead of using the welding wire of the conventional method described above.
The aim is to improve the durability of bearings by creating a fine structure in the bearing metal. The above object is made of a material with higher heat resistance and strength than the bearing metal, such as copper, cast iron, etc., and the backing metal has a cylindrical shaft hole, and the bearing metal is made of a low melting point metal such as white metal and has a desired thickness. A plate is molded to fit on the inner circumferential surface of the backing metal and temporarily fixed to the backing metal, and then sealed with an inert gas,
This can be achieved by the bearing manufacturing method of the present invention, which is characterized by using a laser welding method, remelting it, lining it with a backing metal, and then rapidly cooling it. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to a specific example in which a cylindrical back metal is lined with white metal using a laser welding method. The inner surface of the steel cylindrical back metal 1 shown in Fig. 1 is tin-plated, and after cutting a 3 mm thick rolled plate 2 made of a material equivalent to white metal WJ1 to the required size, the inner surface of the back metal 1 is molded using a press. , Tack weld the plate ends 3. Next, see Figure 2 and Figure 3, which is a view from the A-A' arrow.
As shown in the figure, after the back metal 1 is placed on a roller 4 having a constant speed rotation mechanism, the laser beam 6 is adjusted by a folding mirror 7 and a lens 8 so as to be focused on the end of the bearing. A cooling device (not shown) is provided to cool the back metal from the back during welding. The back metal 1 on the roller 4 is rotated at a constant speed, and the laser beam 6 is also moved from the end of the back metal 1 at a constant speed in the axial direction. While shielding and cooling the back metal 1, a narrow weld lining 5 was applied over the entire circumference of the back metal 1.
【表】
＊ ビームの吸収効率を高める為に溶接前に
圧延板表面に黒色ペイントを塗布した。
調査の結果、裏金に溶融は認められず、本発明
の溶接ライニングメタルのミクロ組織は第５図に
示すように、第４図の従来の遠心鋳造に比べて針
状のε相が極めて微細化し、しかもε相が高密度
で分布している。また、常温における引張試験を
実施した結果、従来の鋳造品の引張強さ（σB）が
約7.5Kg／mm2であるのに対し、本発明により溶接
したものはσBが約9.0Kg／mm2となり、σBは約30％
向上した。
上述した本発明方法は、軸受新製のみに限定さ
れるものではなく、損傷した軸受の再生に対して
も、上記方法にて新製と同等品質に修復できる。
また、特定の形状・寸法に限られることなく施工
できる。更に本発明工法はホワイトメタル以外に
銅−鉛合金，鉛青銅，アルミニウム合金等の低融
点金属製の軸受に適用できる。
本発明方法による効果は、次の通りである。
(1) 従来の鋳造品に比べて、本発明によるレーザ
溶接品は、低融点金属が用いられていること
と、エネルギー密度の高いレーザビームが射照
されていることから、予想を越えて急熱、急冷
サイクルが与えられるために偏析のない均一な
微細組織が得られ、軸受の耐久性も向上する。
(2) プラズマアーク溶接工法の溶接速度は約20
cm／minであるのに対し、本発明工法は約200
cm／minであり、高速度でライニングができ
る。[Table] * Black paint was applied to the surface of the rolled plate before welding to increase the beam absorption efficiency.
As a result of the investigation, no melting was observed in the backing metal, and the microstructure of the welded lining metal of the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, has an extremely fine acicular ε phase compared to the conventional centrifugal casting shown in Figure 4. , and the ε phase is distributed with high density. Furthermore, as a result of carrying out a tensile test at room temperature, the tensile strength (σ B ) of the conventional cast product was approximately 7.5 Kg/mm 2 , whereas the tensile strength (σ B ) of the welded product according to the present invention was approximately 9.0 Kg/mm 2 . mm 2 , and σ B is approximately 30%
Improved. The above-mentioned method of the present invention is not limited only to the manufacture of new bearings, but can also be used to restore damaged bearings to a quality equivalent to that of new bearings.
Furthermore, construction can be performed without being limited to specific shapes and dimensions. Furthermore, the method of the present invention can be applied to bearings made of low melting point metals such as copper-lead alloys, lead bronze, and aluminum alloys in addition to white metals. The effects of the method of the present invention are as follows. (1) Compared to conventional cast products, the laser welded products according to the present invention are made of a low-melting point metal and are irradiated with a laser beam with high energy density, so the products are faster than expected. Because it is subjected to heat and rapid cooling cycles, a uniform microstructure with no segregation is obtained, and the durability of the bearing is also improved. (2) The welding speed of plasma arc welding method is approximately 20
cm/min, whereas the method of the present invention is approximately 200 cm/min.
cm/min, allowing for high-speed lining.
第１〜３図は本発明方法の一実施態様例を示す
図で、第１図は裏金に軸受メタル板を仮固定する
状況を、第２図はレーザビーム溶接する状況をそ
れぞれ示し、第３図は第２図のＡ−A′矢視を示
している。第４図は従来の遠心鋳造法によつて得
たライニングメタルの金属組織を示す顕微鏡写真
（100倍）、第５図は本発明によるライニングメタ
ルの金属組織を示す顕微鏡写真（100倍）である。
1 to 3 are diagrams showing one embodiment of the method of the present invention, in which FIG. 1 shows a situation in which a bearing metal plate is temporarily fixed to a back metal, FIG. 2 shows a situation in which laser beam welding is performed, and FIG. The figure shows the view from arrow A-A' in FIG. Fig. 4 is a micrograph (100x) showing the metallographic structure of the lining metal obtained by the conventional centrifugal casting method, and Fig. 5 is a microphotograph (100x) showing the metallographic structure of the lining metal according to the present invention. .
Claims (1)
り、円柱状の軸穴を有する裏金に、低融点金属か
らなる軸受メタル板を該裏金の軸穴内周面に嵌合
するよう環状に成型して同軸穴に嵌合仮固定し、
ついで不活性ガスシールを行いつつ、レーザビー
ムを照射して前記軸受メタル板全面を順次溶融し
て裏金に溶接し且つ急冷して該軸受メタルを裏金
を溶融せずに同裏金にライニングすることを特徴
とする軸受製造法。1 A coaxial bearing metal plate made of a low melting point metal is molded into a ring shape so as to fit into the inner peripheral surface of the shaft hole of the backing metal, which is made of a low melting point metal, on a backing metal that is made of a material with higher heat resistance and strength than the bearing metal and has a cylindrical shaft hole. Fit into the hole and temporarily fix it.
Then, while sealing with an inert gas, a laser beam is irradiated to sequentially melt the entire surface of the bearing metal plate and weld it to the backing metal, and then rapidly cool it to line the bearing metal to the backing metal without melting the backing metal. Characteristic bearing manufacturing method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58167510A JPS6061187A (en) | 1983-09-13 | 1983-09-13 | Production of bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58167510A JPS6061187A (en) | 1983-09-13 | 1983-09-13 | Production of bearing |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6061187A JPS6061187A (en) | 1985-04-08 |
| JPH0379115B2 true JPH0379115B2 (en) | 1991-12-17 |
Family
ID=15851015
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP58167510A Granted JPS6061187A (en) | 1983-09-13 | 1983-09-13 | Production of bearing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6061187A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0642867U (en) * | 1992-11-11 | 1994-06-07 | 村田機械株式会社 | Cradle device |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5763717A (en) * | 1980-10-03 | 1982-04-17 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Method of producing electric contact with arc resistant metal |
-
1983
- 1983-09-13 JP JP58167510A patent/JPS6061187A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5763717A (en) * | 1980-10-03 | 1982-04-17 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Method of producing electric contact with arc resistant metal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6061187A (en) | 1985-04-08 |
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