JPH0378504A - Total flow turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To allow the fluid jetted from a nozzle head to smoothly flow into a bucket by arranging the cascade entrance of a moving cascade at the position lower than the plate surface of a disk and also inserting the nozzle head into the recess section wherein the bottom face forms the cascade entrance. CONSTITUTION:A nozzle 7 accelerates hot water or mixed fluid composed of hot water and steam as drive fluid. A bucket 3 is arranged on the disk 2 mounted on an axle 1 concentrically therewith concentrically with the center of the axle 1 to receive the drive fluid accelerated from the nozzle 7. In this case, the cascade entrance 15 of a bucket 3 is arranged at the position lower than the plate surface of the disk 2. Moreover, the nozzle 7 is projected from the wall face of an inflow chamber 5, and the projected section 7a is also inserted into the recess section 16 of the disk 2, wherein the bottom face forms the cascade entrance 15, being kept apart a little from the cascade entrance 15. The drive fluid is made to jet from the nozzle head 7a inserted into the recessed section 16. This allows the drive fluid to smoothly inflow without supplying seal fluid.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a total flow turbine that expands hot water or a mixed fluid of hot water and steam to convert it into power.

[Conventional technology]

Total flow turbines introduce hot water or a mixed fluid of hot water and steam (hereinafter referred to as driving fluid) from a nozzle to moving blades attached to the axle, expand and flash the fluid, and increase the speed. It rotates the axle and converts it into power. The one shown in FIG. 3 is known as this type of total flow turbine. In FIG.
is a rotor blade in an annular row of rotor blades arranged on a disc concentrically with the axis of the axle. 4 is a casing surrounding the axle 11 and disc 2, etc.; 5 is an inflow chamber provided with an inflow pipe 6 into which a driving fluid such as hot water for driving the total flow turbine flows;

Note that a nozzle 7 is provided on the wall of the inflow chamber 5 at a position facing the rotor blade 3 . A sealing fluid supply pipe 8 passes through the inflow chamber 5 and supplies sealing fluid between the axle 1 and the inflow chamber 5, and a sealing fluid supply pipe 9 supplies sealing fluid between the nozzle 7 and the rotor blade 3. 10 is a labyrinth that seals between the disc 2 and the casing 4.

Note that the nozzle 7, the disk 2 equipped with the rotor blades 3, etc. are also located on the left side (not shown) as they are symmetrical with respect to the axis of the seal fluid supply pipe 8, and FIG. 3 shows a mountain stream type total flow turbine. ing.

In such a configuration, the driving fluid that has flowed into the inflow chamber 5 via the inflow pipe 6 is ejected from the nozzle 7 and guided to the rotor blades 3, where it expands and flashes to increase its speed, and the reaction causes the drive fluid to increase in speed. An axle shaft 1 equipped with a row of blades is rotated to convert the energy of a driving fluid into power.

By the way, in order to prevent the driving fluid ejected from the nozzle 7 from spreading and allow it to flow into the rotor blade 3 without leaking, seal fluid is supplied from the seal supply pipe 8.9 to the nozzle 7 and the rotor blade 3.
It is supplied to the space 11 between.

Note that the labyrinth 10 prevents seal fluid from leaking between the disk 2 and the casing 4.

The above-mentioned sealing fluid may be steam separated in a steam/water separator from which hot water is obtained as the driving fluid, or a mixed fluid of steam and non-condensable gas, or other steam sources with pressures equal to or higher than these. It is known to use steam from (Refer to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-51701.) The present applicant also applied for sealing fluid in Japanese Patent Application No. 63-265.
No. 059 proposes the use of air.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

The use of steam, a mixed fluid of steam and non-condensable gas, air, etc. as a sealing fluid in a total flow turbine has the following problems.

(l) When using a total flow turbine as a geothermal turbine, steam sources are limited and it is difficult to obtain steam at a pressure higher than that of hot water as a driving fluid.

(2) When a total flow turbine is used as a general industrial turbine, there are cases where only hot water is available, so sealing fluid cannot be obtained.

(3) When air is used as a sealing fluid, equipment for this is required, which increases equipment costs.

(4) When a seal fluid is used, the energy of the seal fluid is lost, and the efficiency of the entire plant decreases.

An object of the present invention is to provide a total flow turbine that allows driving fluid ejected from a nozzle to smoothly flow into a rotor blade without leakage without using a sealing fluid.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above problem 1113, the present invention includes a nozzle for accelerating hot water or a mixed fluid of hot water and steam as a driving fluid of a turbine, and a disk provided on an axle concentrically with the axis thereof. In a total float turbine comprising an annular rotor blade row arranged concentrically with the axis and receiving the driving fluid accelerated by the nozzle, the rotor blade row is arranged such that the blade row inlet is set back from the plate surface of the disk. The nozzle tip is inserted into a recess formed with the blade row inlet as the bottom surface so that the axle with the rotor blade row can rotate freely.

[Effect]

An annular rotor blade row is arranged on the disk so that the blade row inlet is located at a lower position than the plate surface of the disk. By inserting the axle with the rows in a position where it can rotate freely, the driving fluid ejected from the nozzle can smoothly flow into the rotor blades without spreading or leaking, thereby eliminating the need for sealing fluid.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a total flow turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, which will be described later, parts that are the same as those in the conventional example are designated by the same reference numerals, and their explanations will be omitted. What is different from the conventional example in FIG. 1 is that an annular rotor blade row is arranged on the disk 2 so that the blade row inlet 15 is located at a position lower than the plate surface of the disk 2, and the nozzle 7 is connected to the inflow chamber 5.
The protruding portion 7a is inserted into the concave portion 16 of the disc 2, which is formed with the blade row inlet 15 as the bottom surface.
It was inserted a little further away from the FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of the disk 2 shown in FIG. 1, and the row of rotor blades 3 is arranged concentrically with the axis of the axle 1, and the recess 16 is also concentric with the row of rotor blades. established in

With such a configuration, the driving fluid ejected from the nozzle tip 7a inserted into the recess 16 of the nozzle 7 can be applied to the rotor blade 3 without spreading or leaking even without supplying sealing fluid as in the conventional case.
The fluid flows smoothly into the fluid, expands, flashes, and accelerates, and its reaction rotates an axle equipped with a row of moving blades, converting the energy of the driving fluid into power.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the blade cascade inlet of the annular rotor blade cascade is arranged in a disc so that it is located at a position lower than the plate surface, and the nozzle tip is positioned with the blade cascade inlet as the bottom surface. By rotatably inserting the axle with the row of rotor blades into the recess formed, the driving fluid ejected from the nozzle tip smoothly flows into the rotor blade without spreading or leaking, eliminating the need for sealing fluid. Therefore, the total flow turbine can be used even in places where sealing fluid cannot be obtained, and there is no need for equipment for obtaining sealing fluid, which reduces equipment costs and improves the efficiency of the entire plant.

Also, when starting and controlling a total flow turbine, the pressure of the driving fluid.

Since only the temperature and flow rate need to be controlled, there is also the effect that the control device is simplified.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a total flow turbine according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of the disk in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a partial sectional view of a conventional total flow turbine. . 1: Axle, 2: Disc, 3: Moving blade, 7: Nozzle, 7a: Nozzle tip, 15: Blade row inlet, 16: Recess. Figure 1 Figure 3 Figure 1' Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A nozzle that accelerates hot water or a mixed fluid of hot water and steam as the driving fluid of the turbine; In a total flow turbine comprising an annular row of rotor blades that receives an accelerated driving fluid, the row of rotor blades is disposed on a disk so that an inlet of the row of blades is set back from a plate surface of the disk. A total flow turbine, characterized in that a nozzle tip is rotatably inserted into a recess formed with the blade row inlet as the bottom surface, and an axle provided with a rotor blade row.