JPH0378301A - 360 degrees phase detector used in micro wave band and phase shifter capable of direct interlocking - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To attain high speed control by operating a diode attenuator by means of two output signals of a 360 degrees phase detector used in a micro wave band, and modulating an amplitude so as to change the phase of a micro wave signal. CONSTITUTION:An input micro wave signal passes through a 3db directional coupler and is divided. When the outputs (x) and (y) of the 360 degrees phase detector are respectively connected to an amplitude modulators 1 and 2, an input micro wave comes to divided signals. Then, the divided signals are inputted from the branching end of an in-phase binary distributor and they are synthesized. Thus, a delay phase (-s) is generated and the whole phase change can be set to '0' at high speed by detecting an advance phase (s) in the 360 degrees phase detector when it is generated in a micro wave transmission system and negative-feeding back a phase shifter.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] (b) Industrial application fields This invention changes the phase of microwaves electrically. a phase shifter that changes depending on the signal, and This invention relates to a phase control device.

(B) Prior Art The input signal format of a conventional phase shifter is as shown in FIG. (In other words, there is only one input signal, and the phase of the microwave changes in proportion to the input DC signal voltage.

In addition, in the microwave band, from 0 to Distinguishable phase of all phases in 360 degrees The output format of the detector is shown in Figure 3. have been developed to date. Ru. However, the output shown in Figure 3 For phase detectors of this type, as shown in Figure 2, directly operating a conventional phase shifter. I can't do it.

(c) Problems to be solved by the invention For the output signal format of the phase detector above, phase shifter with corresponding input signal format ( Introducing a phase shifter (configured as shown in Figure 1) It can be linked with the phase detector shown in Figure 3. , the microwave signal is in all phases. (d) (E) cross, super fast, and controllable. This is what the present invention aims to solve. This is an issue that we are trying to solve. Using this phase shifter The block diagram of the phase control device used is shown in It is shown as Figure 4.

Means for determining the problem A phase shifter having an input signal format as shown in FIG. 1 is realized by the configuration shown in FIG. (Constructed with 3db direction generator, amplitude modulator, etc.). A phase shifter having this configuration (referred to as a trigonometric function three-signal phase shifter in this specification) can solve the problem shown in (c).

Operation The operation of the above trigonometric function three-signal phase shifter (hereinafter referred to as the phase shifter according to the present invention or the present phase shifter) will be explained with reference to FIG.

After the input microwave signal jxsin (wt) passes through a 3db direction generator, kl S in (wt) and kxc
os(wt). 2, the amplitude modulator (1) and the amplitude modulator 11 (2) have 360
If the outputs (X) and (y) of the degree phase detector are respectively connected, the input microwaves become
(-s)X cos (wt).

Next, these divided signals are in-phase It is input from the branch end of the 2-way divider and synthesized. Then, the following E is obtained.

E:mxcos(-s)Ws in
(w t ) + mX5Ln (-s)x c
o s (wt) This E can be expressed as E=m sin (wt-s) using the trigonometric function addition theorem. This indicates that the phase of the input microwave signal is delayed by 5 (rad).

(W is the angular frequency and t is the time.) In other words, this is the output format of the 360 degree phase detector (x=ax cos (-s)y==a
%5in(-s)).

Here, each symbol will be explained.

j: Amplitude of the input microwave signal W: Angular frequency of the input microwave signal t: Waiting time: Phase detected by the 360 degree phase detector (The sign is - because automatic control is performed as negative feedback) ^ : A proportional constant proportional to the sensitivity of the detector attached to the output part of the 360-degree phase detector: k=o, 7o7xj m: m=o, 25mej Note that the amplitude modulators (1) and (2) are: It is configured by the block diagram shown in FIG. Furthermore, since the pin attenuator does not operate when cos(-s) or 5in(-5) is a negative value, a rectifying diode is added to the output part of the 360-degree phase detector.

An explanation of the operation of the amplitude modulator is shown in Figure 6. Do more.

When cos (-s) is positive, the pin attenuator (a) operates in the amplitude modulator (1). When cos (-s) is negative, p
The in attenuator (b) operates and passes through the 180-degree phase delay device, so the phase is reversed and the value of k becomes negative.

This makes cos(-s) negative. Amplitude modulation continues even if the

When 5in(-s) is negative, the amplitude change 11! In (2), it works in the same way as above.

´(f) Explanation of the electrical properties of each component Although the electrical properties shown in the law are This is already known, but here I will explain it briefly.

3db directional genitalia In Figure 7, the microwave signal Add jssin(wt) to the input terminal. Then, output 1 has %sin( wt), output 2 has kxcos( wt) signal appears. Output 3 The signal that appears on the can be ignored because Here, k is k=0. 707 It becomes Xj. Also, on the contrary, Output 1 has kXsin(wt), Output 2 has kxcos (wt) When adding a signal, at the input end jxsin(wt) appears.

In-phase 2 divider In Figure 8, the microwave signal Add j%sin(wt) to the input terminal In other words, output 1 and output 2 have As the same signal, kXsin( wt) appears. Or, conversely, Same signal kx for force 1 and output 2 When adding sin(wt), the input terminal is the synthesized signal jxsin( wt) appears.

Here, k=0.707Xj If a 90 degree phase delay device is inserted into this output 2, it will have the same properties as a 3 db direction vector. FIG. 9 can be considered electrically equivalent to FIG. 7. If a 90 degree phase delayer is inserted into the output 1 of the 3db directional transformer, it will have the same properties as an in-phase 2-way divider. That is, the block diagrams shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 8 can be considered to be practically electrically equivalent. (The electrical length from the input end to output 1 is one wavelength.) (l-) Examples As Examples L to 3 of this phase shifter, the overall block diagrams are shown in Figures 11 to 13. FIG. 14 shows an example (Embodiment 4) in which an in-phase four-way divider is used.

Each component such as 3db direction genitalia, All microstrip lines (50 It was designed using ohmic system).

An SMA type connector was used.

Note that the above is based on the reliability of the 360 degree phase detector. A circuit that generates a delayed phase depending on the signal. However, in Figure 11 to Figure 14 Input microwave from DA terminal For example, leading phases can also be extracted.

(te) light effect As shown in (e), 360 Phaser that can be directly linked to degree phase detector Now it is possible to realize the following The following effects can be expected.

When a leading phase S occurs in the microwave transmission system, it is detected by a 360 degree phase detector, and a delayed phase (-S) is generated by applying negative feedback to the phase shifter according to the present invention, It is possible to make the overall phase change zero at high speed.

(S) Definition of terms About terms that are not generally accepted , in this specification, the following definitions are used: I give it and use it.

360 degree phase detector - phase of 11th sign is in any range between 0 degrees and 360 degrees equipment that can detect this even if (phase detector as shown in Figure 3) PIN attenuator --- PIN diode attenuator using References: Written by Sanbe Kuraishi Detailed explanation example exercise micro wave circuit Tokyo Electric University Press

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram of the operation of a phase shifter according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram of the operation of a conventional phase shifter (phase shifter using diodes). Figure 3 is a diagram of a 360-degree phase detector. Fig. 4 is a conceptual diagram of the operation of a microwave signal phase control device using the phase shifter according to the present invention. Fig. 5 is a diagram of the principle of the phase shifter according to the present invention. Explanatory diagrams of 1) and (2). However, the formula indicating the signal magnitude is based on the amplitude modulator (
It shows the case of 1). FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of the operation of a 3db direction generator. FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram of the operation of an in-phase two-way divider. FIG. 9 is an example of a circuit diagram having the same characteristics as that of FIG. FIG. 10 shows an example of a circuit diagram having the same characteristics as FIG. 8. FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the first embodiment of this phase shifter. 1 is a 3 db direction generator 2.3.10.11.12 is an in-phase 2 divider 4.5.6.7 is a pin attenuator 8.9 is a 180 degree phase delay device. FIG. 12 is a block diagram of the second embodiment of this phase shifter. .10.11 is a 90 degree phase delayer 6.7.8.9
1.2.3.8.9 is a pin attenuator 1.2.3.8.9 is a pin attenuator 10 is an in-phase 2-divider 4.5.6. 7 is a pin attenuator. FIG. 14 is a diagram of the 4th embodiment of this phase shifter. , 270 degree phase delayer 5.6.7.8, pin attenuator

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) 2 of 360 degree phase detector used in microwave band
A phase shifter that can change the phase of a microwave signal by operating a diode attenuator such as a PIN attenuator using two output signals and applying amplitude modulation. (2) Phase control device configured by combining a 360-degree phase detector used in the microwave band and the phase shifter of the present invention