JPH0376934B2 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- JPH0376934B2 JPH0376934B2 JP59010350A JP1035084A JPH0376934B2 JP H0376934 B2 JPH0376934 B2 JP H0376934B2 JP 59010350 A JP59010350 A JP 59010350A JP 1035084 A JP1035084 A JP 1035084A JP H0376934 B2 JPH0376934 B2 JP H0376934B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- base material
- electrode
- glycol
- acid
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001477 hydrophilic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- -1 ethylene, propylene, butadiene Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- UKHVLWKBNNSRRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M quaternium-15 Chemical compound [Cl-].C1N(C2)CN3CN2C[N+]1(CC=CCl)C3 UKHVLWKBNNSRRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LTMQZVLXCLQPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,6-trimethyltetralin Chemical compound C1CCC(C)(C)C=2C1=CC(C)=CC=2 LTMQZVLXCLQPCT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,2-tetramine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCN VILCJCGEZXAXTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001124 (E)-prop-1-ene-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethyl-1,3-hexanediol Chemical compound CCCC(O)C(CC)CO RWLALWYNXFYRGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethenol Chemical compound OC=C IMROMDMJAWUWLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000569 Gum karaya Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010040880 Skin irritation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000934878 Sterculia Species 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethylene glycol, Natural products OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBAYQFWFCOOCIC-GNVSMLMZSA-N [(1s,4ar,4bs,7s,8ar,10ar)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,7,8,8a,9,10,10a-dodecahydrophenanthren-1-yl]methanol Chemical compound OC[C@@]1(C)CCC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3CC[C@H](C(C)C)C[C@H]3CC[C@H]21 KBAYQFWFCOOCIC-GNVSMLMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940091181 aconitic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007824 aliphatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N cis-aconitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C\C(C(O)=O)=C\C(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-IWQZZHSRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002003 electrode paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005082 etohexadiol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical compound C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TZMQHOJDDMFGQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1,1-triol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)(O)O TZMQHOJDDMFGQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000231 karaya gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010494 karaya gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940039371 karaya gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000036556 skin irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000475 skin irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035900 sweating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002522 swelling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-aconitic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004043 trisaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は皮膚に貼着使用される生体用電極に関
する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a biological electrode that is attached to the skin.
従来、心電図や脳波測定等の検知用途あるいは
低周波治療、イオントフオレーゼ(イオン浸透療
法)等の刺激乃至電流伝達用途、更には電気メス
用対極板等の接地用途等に於いて、機器と電気的
に接続された導電素子と、生体皮膚間との電気的
接続を維持すべく所謂電極ペーストやクリームが
導電素子乃至皮膚に塗布使用されて来た。近時、
これら電極ペーストやクリームに代わるものとし
て自己保形性、皮膚接着性並びに導電性を併せ有
する各種生体用電極が提案されている。 Traditionally, equipment and electricity have been used for detection applications such as electrocardiograms and brain wave measurements, stimulation or current transmission applications such as low frequency therapy and iontophoresis (iontophoresis), and grounding applications such as return electrodes for electric scalpels. In order to maintain electrical connection between a conductive element that is electrically connected to the skin of a living body, a so-called electrode paste or cream has been applied to the conductive element or the skin. Recently,
As an alternative to these electrode pastes and creams, various biological electrodes have been proposed that have self-shape retention, skin adhesion, and electrical conductivity.
例えば、特開昭52−95895号公報、同55−81635
号公報、同56−36939号公報、同58−135506号公
報等は、架橋乃至非架橋重合体等を基材とする各
種皮膚貼着用電極を開示している。 For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 52-95895, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 55-81635.
Japanese Patent No. 56-36939, Japanese Patent No. 58-135506, etc. disclose various electrodes for application to the skin that are made of crosslinked or non-crosslinked polymers.
しかし乍らこれら非架橋型重合体を基材とする
ものにあつては、近時特に重要度を増しているホ
ルター心電計等の長時間モニタ用途あるいは長時
間イオントフオレーゼ用途等に於いて発汗等に伴
ない流動変形してしまい電気的接続の安定的維持
の達成が困難であり、他方、架橋重合体を基材と
するものにあつてはその多くがモノマからの直接
的架橋重合物であるため残存モノマによる生体刺
激乃至為害性を回避し得ない等の困難が知見され
得る。 However, products based on these non-crosslinked polymers cannot be used for long-term monitoring applications such as Holter electrocardiographs or long-term iontophoresis applications, which have recently become increasingly important. It is difficult to maintain stable electrical connection due to flow deformation due to sweating, etc. On the other hand, in the case of products based on crosslinked polymers, most of them are directly crosslinked from monomers. Therefore, it may be difficult to avoid biological stimulation or toxicity due to residual monomers.
上記に鑑み本発明の主たる目的は、長時間用途
に於いても流動変形することなく良好な寸法安定
性及び電気的接続を維持し得且つ生体為害作用を
有しない組成要素のみによつて形成された基材よ
り成る新規生体用電極を提供することにある。 In view of the above, the main object of the present invention is to maintain good dimensional stability and electrical connection without flow deformation even in long-term use, and to be formed only from compositional elements that do not have any harmful effects on living organisms. The object of the present invention is to provide a novel biological electrode made of a base material.
上記目的は、カルボキシル基含有親水性高分子
とポリアミン及び/又はポリアンモニウム塩との
部分的酸アミド架橋反応物を基材主成分とする本
発明電極により達成される。 The above object is achieved by the electrode of the present invention, the main component of which is a partially acid amide crosslinked reaction product of a carboxyl group-containing hydrophilic polymer and a polyamine and/or polyammonium salt.
以下、本発明電極の組成要素、配合及び反応条
件、使用態様及び特性等につきより詳細に分説す
る。 Hereinafter, the compositional elements, formulation and reaction conditions, mode of use, characteristics, etc. of the electrode of the present invention will be explained in more detail.
カルボキシル基含有親水性高分子
アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、マレイン酸、フマ
ル酸、イタコン酸、アコニツト酸、シトラコン
酸、ハイミツク酸等々のモノマのホモポリマ乃至
コポリマ、又は、これらのモノマとエチレン、プ
ロピレン、ブタジエン、イソプレン、イソブテ
ン、アルキルビニルエーテル(C1〜C6)、酢酸ビ
ニル、塩化ビニル、アクリルアミド、スチレン、
ビニルアルコール等々のカルボキシル基を有しな
い各種モノマとのコポリマを好適なものとして例
示し得る。Carboxyl group-containing hydrophilic polymer Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, aconitic acid, citraconic acid, and hemicic acid, or these monomers and ethylene, propylene, butadiene, Isoprene, isobutene, alkyl vinyl ether (C 1 - C 6 ), vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, acrylamide, styrene,
Suitable examples include copolymers with various monomers having no carboxyl group, such as vinyl alcohol.
ここに於いて、ポリマの平均分子量は好ましく
は1万以上、より好ましくは10万以上であり、更
にポリマ中のカルボキシル基含有モノマの好まし
い割合は5mol%以上である。 In this case, the average molecular weight of the polymer is preferably 10,000 or more, more preferably 100,000 or more, and the preferable proportion of the carboxyl group-containing monomer in the polymer is 5 mol % or more.
他方、ポリマ中カルボキシル基は、酸無水物、
1価金属塩、アミン塩、第4アンモニウム塩のい
ずれの状態でもよいが、カルボキシル酸の場合は
そのポリマ水溶液PHは一般に好ましくは7以上に
調製されて反応に併せられる。 On the other hand, the carboxyl group in the polymer is an acid anhydride,
It may be in the form of a monovalent metal salt, an amine salt, or a quaternary ammonium salt, but in the case of carboxylic acid, the pH of the polymer aqueous solution is generally preferably adjusted to 7 or more before being added to the reaction.
ポリアミン等
エチレンジアミン、ヘキサミン、トリエチレン
テトラミン、1−(3−クロロアリル)−3,5,
7−トリアザ−1−アゾニアアダマンタンクロリ
ド(CTAC)、ポリエチレンイミン等々の分子中
に複数個のアミノ基乃至第4アンモニウム基を有
する各種アミン又はその誘導体が好適なものとし
て使用され得る。Polyamines, etc. Ethylenediamine, hexamine, triethylenetetramine, 1-(3-chloroallyl)-3,5,
Various amines or derivatives thereof having a plurality of amino groups to quaternary ammonium groups in the molecule, such as 7-triaza-1-azonia adamantane chloride (CTAC) and polyethyleneimine, can be suitably used.
配合及び反応条件
本発明電極は基材全体に対してその基材主成分
として5〜70重量%、より好ましくは10〜50重量
%の前出ポリマと0.1〜95重量%、より好ましく
は0.1〜60重量%の前記ポリアミン等との部分的
酸アミド架橋反応物を含有するものであるが、導
電性、粘着性等をより向上すべくこれに下記付加
的諸成分が更に添加され得る。Compounding and Reaction Conditions The electrode of the present invention contains 5 to 70% by weight, more preferably 10 to 50% by weight of the above-mentioned polymer as a main component of the entire substrate, and 0.1 to 95% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 95% by weight. Although it contains 60% by weight of a partial acid amide crosslinking reaction product with the above-mentioned polyamine, etc., the following additional components may be further added thereto in order to further improve conductivity, adhesiveness, etc.
電解質
NaCl、KCl、Na2CO3、くえん酸カリウム
等々の各種電解質を導電性を増大すべく添加し
得る。 Electrolytes Various electrolytes such as NaCl, KCl, Na 2 CO 3 , potassium citrate, etc. may be added to increase conductivity.
可塑剤
エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコー
ル、トリエチレングリコール、テトラエチレン
グリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、プロピ
レングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、ト
リプロピレングリコール、トリエチレングリコ
ール、ブタンジオール、ペンタジオール、ヘキ
シレングリコール、オクチレングリコール等々
の脂肪族グリコール類、グリセリン、トリメチ
ロールプロパン、ヘキサントリオール、ポリプ
ロピレングリコール、ポリグリセリン、ポリビ
ニルアルコール乃至その誘導体等々のポリオー
ル類及び単糖乃至三糖類又は多糖加水分解物を
も含有するオリゴ糖類を好適なものとして例示
し得る。 Plasticizer Aliphatic compounds such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, triethylene glycol, butanediol, pentadiol, hexylene glycol, octylene glycol, etc. Preferred examples include polyols such as glycols, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, hexanetriol, polypropylene glycol, polyglycerin, polyvinyl alcohol, and derivatives thereof, and oligosaccharides containing monosaccharides, trisaccharides, or polysaccharide hydrolysates. It is possible.
水
基材の導電性、粘着性増加のために添加され
得る。 Water Can be added to increase the conductivity and tackiness of the base material.
粘着付与剤
各種粘着剤を添加し得るが、ハーキユレス社
製ForaxAX
、同ABITOL
等のロジン系水
添樹脂粘着剤、更に酢酸ビニル系、アクリル
系、ポリブテン等の粘着エマルジヨンは基材と
の相溶性等の点で有用なものと云い得る。 Tackifier Various adhesives can be added, but rosin-based hydrogenated resin adhesives such as Hercules ForaxAX and ABITOL, as well as adhesive emulsions such as vinyl acetate, acrylic, and polybutene, may be used depending on their compatibility with the base material, etc. It can be said to be useful in this respect.
親水性高分子
カラヤガム、グアーガム、キトサン、ゼラチ
ン等の親水性多糖類ガム、カルボシメチルセル
ロース、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリジアルキ
ルアミノアルキル(メタ)アクリレート、ポリ
ビニルピリジニウムハロゲン塩、ポリジアリル
アンモニウムハロゲン塩、ポリアミノメチルア
クリルアミド、ポリビニルイミダゾリン、アイ
オネン系ポリマ、ポリビニルテトラアンモニウ
ムハロゲン塩などのカチオン系凝集剤等々の任
意の親水性乃至水溶性高分子を基材のレオロジ
ー的性質の改良のために添加し得る。すなわ
ち、これらの水溶性高分子は酸アミドリンク中
に包括された形態で基材に有用な粘弾性的性質
を与えるものとなる。 Hydrophilic polymers Hydrophilic polysaccharide gums such as karaya gum, guar gum, chitosan, and gelatin, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polydialkylaminoalkyl (meth)acrylate, polyvinylpyridinium halide salt, polydiallylammonium halide salt, polyaminomethylacrylamide, Any hydrophilic or water-soluble polymers such as polyvinylimidazoline, ionene polymers, cationic flocculants such as polyvinyltetraammonium halide salts, etc. may be added to improve the rheological properties of the substrate. That is, these water-soluble polymers, in the form of being entrapped in the acid amide link, impart useful viscoelastic properties to the base material.
一価アミン
基材の親・疎水性バランスを調整すべくエタ
ノールアミン、メチルジエタノールアミン、ジ
エタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン等又
はこれらの四級アンモニウム塩などの一価アミ
ンを添加し得る。 Monovalent amines Monovalent amines such as ethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, etc. or quaternary ammonium salts thereof may be added to adjust the parent/hydrophobic balance of the substrate.
他方、本発明電極基材は、適量の可塑剤と上記
主成分要素との混合物又はこれに上記各種添加材
を混合した系を、通常、アルカリ性条件下、50〜
100℃、50〜1時間酸アミド架橋反応に付するこ
とにより容易に調製される。 On the other hand, in the electrode base material of the present invention, a mixture of an appropriate amount of a plasticizer and the above-mentioned main components or a system in which the above-mentioned various additives are mixed is usually prepared under alkaline conditions at a temperature of 50 to 50%.
It is easily prepared by subjecting it to an acid amide crosslinking reaction at 100°C for 50 to 1 hour.
特性及び使用態様
以上の様にして調製される本発明電極基材は、
実質的に水不溶性であるが適度な吸水膨潤性を有
するものであるため長時間の貼着使用に於いても
良好な寸法安定性を示し且つ導電素子と皮膚間を
確実に電気的に連結し得、更に極めて強力な皮膚
接着性を粘着剤なしにも達成し得且つエステル架
橋網中に比較的多量の水分を全体の粘弾特性を悪
化させず包含し得るものであるため低インピーダ
ンス特性を有するものであること、あるいは特に
イオントフオレーゼ用電極としては好ましくない
不純物イオンを含有することなくイオン性薬剤を
所望の濃度で保有し得るものであること等々の利
点を有する。Characteristics and usage mode The electrode base material of the present invention prepared as described above is as follows:
Although it is substantially water-insoluble, it has moderate water absorption and swelling properties, so it exhibits good dimensional stability even when used for long periods of time, and provides reliable electrical connection between the conductive element and the skin. In addition, extremely strong skin adhesion can be achieved without an adhesive, and a relatively large amount of water can be contained in the ester crosslinked network without deteriorating the overall viscoelastic properties, so it has low impedance properties. It has advantages such as being able to retain an ionic drug at a desired concentration without containing impurity ions, which are particularly undesirable as an electrode for iontophoresis.
尚、一般に皮膚刺激性を有する残存モノマが実
質的に存在しない本発明電極基材が良好な生体適
合性を有し得るものであることは前述の通りであ
る。 As described above, the electrode base material of the present invention, which is substantially free of residual monomers that generally cause skin irritation, can have good biocompatibility.
他方、本発明電極基材は、検知用途に於いては
例えば添付第1図に例示する構造で使用され、他
方、刺激又は通電用途に於いては第2図に示す構
造で使用され得る。すなわち、各図に於いて、本
発明電極基材1は、その上に配置されている金属
等の導電素子2,4をリード線に連結することに
より、生体用電極として機器本体と電気的に接
続、使用される。 On the other hand, the electrode base material of the present invention can be used, for example, in the structure illustrated in the attached FIG. 1 in sensing applications, while it can be used in the structure shown in FIG. 2 in stimulation or energization applications. That is, in each figure, the electrode base material 1 of the present invention is electrically connected to the main body of the device as a biological electrode by connecting conductive elements 2 and 4 made of metal or the like placed thereon to lead wires. Connected and used.
尚、上記は最も単純な形態を示すものである
が、本発明はこれになんら限定されるものではな
く、例えば添付第3図に示す様な複合的構造体と
して使用してもよい。 Although the above embodiment shows the simplest form, the present invention is not limited to this in any way, and may be used as a composite structure as shown in the attached FIG. 3, for example.
すなわち、第3図に於いて、複合型電極は接続
用端子5、補強用絶縁テープ6、本発明基材7、
不織布又はスポンジ8及び粘着テープ9より成
る。 That is, in FIG. 3, the composite electrode includes a connecting terminal 5, a reinforcing insulating tape 6, a base material 7 of the present invention,
It consists of a nonwoven fabric or sponge 8 and an adhesive tape 9.
更に又、本発明基材は、不織布、スポンジ、紙
材等の補強材に一体的に含浸使用してもよい。 Furthermore, the base material of the present invention may be used by integrally impregnating reinforcing materials such as nonwoven fabrics, sponges, and paper materials.
実施例
下記配合例1〜6の混合物を60℃、15時間部分
エステル架橋反応させて電極基材を調製した。得
られた基材は全て水不溶性且つ有限吸水膨潤性で
あり、更に好適な皮膚接着性と低インピーダンス
特性(比抵抗:1〜10kΩ・cm)を併せ有するも
のであつた。Example An electrode base material was prepared by subjecting a mixture of Formulation Examples 1 to 6 below to a partial ester crosslinking reaction at 60°C for 15 hours. All of the obtained base materials were water-insoluble and finitely water-swellable, and also had suitable skin adhesion and low impedance characteristics (specific resistance: 1 to 10 kΩ·cm).
配合例
1 P(AAm/AA)*完全中和物M.W.100万
……5重量部
グリセリン ……30 〃
10%食塩水 ……10 〃
トリエチレンテトラミン ……5 〃
2 P(AAm/AA)完全中和物M.W.100万
……5 〃
グリセリン ……30 〃
10%食塩水 ……10 〃
ポリエチレンイミン(30%食塩水)
……1 〃
3 P(AAm/AA)完全中和物M.W.100万
……15 〃
CTAC ……0.1 〃
10%食塩水 ……10 〃
グリセリン ……70 〃
4 P(AAm/AA)完全中和物M.W.100万
……12 〃
PAA ……8 〃
CTAC ……0.1 〃
グリセリン ……70 〃
10%食塩水 ……10 〃
5 P(AAm/AA)完全中和物M.W.100万
……5重量部
P(IB/MAA)*α*=0.8M.W.15万
……20 〃
CTAC ……0.1 〃
グリセリン ……60 〃
10%食塩水 ……10 〃
6 P(AAm/AA)完全中和物M.W.100万
……15 〃
CMC ……5 〃
CTAC ……0.3 〃
グリセリン ……60 〃
10%食塩水 ……10 〃
*P(AAm/AA):ポリ(アクリルアミド/ア
クリル酸)
**P(IB/MAA):ポリ(イソブチレン/無
水マレイン酸)Formulation example 1 P (AAm/AA) * Completely neutralized product MW1 million
...5 parts by weight Glycerin ...30 10% saline solution ...10 Triethylenetetramine ...5 2 P (AAm/AA) completely neutralized product MW1 million
……5 〃 Glycerin ……30 〃 10% saline solution ……10 〃 Polyethyleneimine (30% saline solution)
...1 〃 3 P (AAm/AA) completely neutralized product MW1 million
……15 〃 CTAC ……0.1 〃 10% saline solution ……10 〃 Glycerin ……70 〃 4 P (AAm/AA) completely neutralized product MW1 million
...12 PAA ...8 CTAC ...0.1 Glycerin ...70 10% saline solution ...10 5 P (AAm/AA) completely neutralized product MW1 million
...5 parts by weight P (IB/MAA) * α * =0.8MW150,000
……20 〃 CTAC ……0.1 〃 Glycerin ……60 〃 10% saline solution ……10 〃 6 P (AAm/AA) completely neutralized product MW1 million
……15 〃 CMC ……5 〃 CTAC ……0.3 〃 Glycerin ……60 〃 10% saline solution ……10 〃 *P(AAm/AA): Poly(acrylamide/acrylic acid) **P(IB/MAA) : Poly(isobutylene/maleic anhydride)
第1乃至3図は本発明生体用電極の使用の態様
を示した断面図である。
1,7……電極基材、2,4,5……導電素
子、3……絶縁保護カバー。
FIGS. 1 to 3 are cross-sectional views showing how the biological electrode of the present invention is used. 1, 7... Electrode base material, 2, 4, 5... Conductive element, 3... Insulation protection cover.
Claims (1)
子とポリアミン及び/又はポリアンモニウム塩と
の部分的酸アミド架橋反応物より成ることを特徴
とする生体用電極。1. A biological electrode characterized in that the main component of the base material is a partial acid amide crosslinking reaction product of a carboxyl group-containing hydrophilic polymer and a polyamine and/or polyammonium salt.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59010350A JPS60153839A (en) | 1984-01-25 | 1984-01-25 | Electrode for living body |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59010350A JPS60153839A (en) | 1984-01-25 | 1984-01-25 | Electrode for living body |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS60153839A JPS60153839A (en) | 1985-08-13 |
JPH0376934B2 true JPH0376934B2 (en) | 1991-12-09 |
Family
ID=11747737
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP59010350A Granted JPS60153839A (en) | 1984-01-25 | 1984-01-25 | Electrode for living body |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS60153839A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2555687Y2 (en) * | 1991-01-21 | 1997-11-26 | 株式会社大林組 | Lighting system |
US5178143A (en) * | 1991-07-24 | 1993-01-12 | Isp Investments Inc. | Electrically conductive gel composition |
US6232366B1 (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2001-05-15 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Pressure sensitive conductive adhesive having hot-melt properties and biomedical electrodes using same |
-
1984
- 1984-01-25 JP JP59010350A patent/JPS60153839A/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS60153839A (en) | 1985-08-13 |
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