JPH0375064A - Artificial dialytic device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify a metering mechanism for a removal water amount with a single metering tank by guiding removal water straight into the metering tank to be stored, at the time of metering the removal water amount, and accumulating inflow removal water temporarily in a buffer tank at the time of discharging liquid in the removal water tank. CONSTITUTION:For instance, when valves V4 and V7 are opened with valves V5 and V6 closed, removal water, fed by a pump P3a, is guided to the first metering tank 8a, and liquid in the second metering tank 8b is discharged. When a removal water amount in the first metering tank 8a reaches a liquid level sensor LA2 from a liquid sensor LA1, the valves V5 and V6 are opened with the valves V4 and V7 closed, and the removal water from the pump P3a is guided to the second metering tank 8b with liquid in the first metering tank 8a discharged. Thus by alternately placing the removal water amount in the two metering tanks, the total removal water amount is metering- calculated from a number of alternation times in a metering arithmetic circuit 9. A metering tank 80 is connected in series to a buffer tank BT through a valve V8, and because the inflow removal water can be temporarily accumulated in the buffer tank BT at the time of discharging liquid in the metering tank, the removal water amount can be metered interruptedly while continuously removing water.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention' relates to an artificial dialysis apparatus capable of measuring the amount of water removed in a bypass circuit provided on the outlet side of a dialysate circuit of a dialyzer.

<Prior art> As a conventional technology of this kind, an artificial dialysis apparatus as shown in the schematic block diagram of an artificial dialysis apparatus in FIG. ).

In FIG. 4, the dialyzer 2 is partitioned into an inner chamber 2b and an outer chamber 2C by a tube-shaped membrane 2a, and blood and dialysate flow in opposite directions in each chamber. A blood circuit 3a is connected to which the blood to be sampled flows by a pump PO provided for sending the extracted blood to the test, while a blood circuit 3b for returning blood after dialysis to the patient 1 is connected to the blood side outlet 2b2. . Further, at the dialysate side inlet 2c of the dialyzer 2, there is an orifice 6 provided in order to detect the flow rate of the dialysate flowing into the first pump P + + inlet opening analysis liquid circuit which sends a constant flow rate of dialysate.
A and a normally open pulp valve V1 are provided, and another dialysate circuit 4a is connected. On the other hand, the dialysate side outlet 2C2 has a check valve CV (valve 3 may be used as shown in FIG. A dialysate circuit 4b provided with an orifice 6b provided for detecting the fluid flow rate is connected to a dialysate bypass circuit 4C provided with a third pump P3.The dialysate circuits 4a and 4b are connected. A normally closed valve 2 is provided on the circuit where the orifice 6a is operated, and the detected pressures of the upstream pressure 7L of the orifice 6a, the downstream pressure M2, the upstream pressure measurement M3 of the orifice 6b, and the downstream opening pressure M4 are led to the pressure measurement section 5. , M, and M2, the flow rate of the dialysate circuit 4a on the inlet side is determined, and the flow rate of the dialysate circuit 4b, on the outlet side, is determined from the difference between M and M4.

In such a configuration, the drained fluid in an amount that is the sum of the supplied dialysate and the water removed from the blood from the dialysate side outlet 2C2 of the dialyzer 2 passes through the dialysate circuit 4b and the dialysate bypass circuit 4C and is drained. However, the flow rate of the drainage fluid flowing through the dialysate circuit 4b at this time is determined from the differential pressure between M3 and M4. When the second pump P2 is controlled by the pressure measuring unit 5, for example as shown by the broken line, so that the flow rates flowing into the dialysate circuits 4a and 4b match, the amount of waste fluid flowing through the dialysate bypass circuit 4C is equal to the amount of blood flowing through the dialysate bypass circuit 4C. Since this corresponds to the amount of water removed from the pump, it can be determined from the rotation speed of the third pump P3 using a metering calculation circuit (not shown) (i.e., the third pump is used as a metering pump). ), In other words, in order to obtain the desired amount of ultrafiltration with such a configuration, the flow rates of the dialysate circuits 4a and 4b must be matched while the flow rate of the dialysate bypass circuit 4C must be below the desired ultrafiltration rate. It is only necessary to control the third pump P3 so that the amount of filtration is achieved.

By the way, in addition to determining the amount of water removed from the rotational speed of the third pump, there is a measuring method using a measuring tank in order to ensure further accuracy. A block diagram based on this measurement method is shown as a schematic block diagram of an artificial dialysis apparatus that can measure the amount of water removed using the conventional measuring tank shown in Figure 5.The parts that overlap with those in Figure 4 are designated by the same numbers. The explanation will be omitted.

In FIG. 5, 7a and 7b are dialysate bypass circuits 4.
After the flow rate flowing through C is sent out by pump P3a, a metering branch bypass circuit (hereinafter referred to as 7
a is called a first branch circuit, and 8b is called a second branch circuit), and the first branch circuit 7a is provided with a first metering tank 8a via a valve v4, and the second branch circuit 7b is provided with a valve v6. A second metering tank 8b is provided via the first metering tank 8b.
The liquid discharged from the measuring tank 8a passes through the pulp V5, and the liquid discharged from the second measuring tank 8b passes through the pulp V5 and later joins together, and based on FIG. 4, they are discharged to the outside via the dialysate circuit 4b on the outlet side. Become. The liquid level in the first measuring tank 8a is detected between the liquid level sensors L^1 (lower liquid level detection) and L^2 (upper liquid level detection) provided above and below, and the information is sent to the measuring calculation circuit 9. be guided. The amount of liquid in the second metering tank 8b is similarly detected between the liquid level sensors LB, (lower liquid level detection) and LB2 (upper liquid level detection), and the information is led to the metering calculation circuit 9. Then, in the metric calculation section,
Calculate the total amount of water removed from the number of measurements.

In such a configuration, for example, if valves V4 and V7 are open (in FIG. 5, the pulp is shown in solid color. The same applies to other pulps), and valves V5 and V6 are closed. The water removed by the pump P3'aL will be guided to the first metering tank 8a, and the liquid in the second metering tank 8b will be discharged.

In the first measuring tank 8a, a certain amount of removed water is accumulated from the liquid level sensor LA to LA2. When the amount of water removed reaches the liquid level sensor LA2, the valves v4 to V7 and the 1.2 measuring tanks 8a and 8
The relationship in b is reversed, valves v5 and V6 are opened, valves V4 and V7 are closed, the water removed from pump P3a is guided to the second metering tank 8b, and the liquid in the first metering tank 8a is discharged. That will happen. In this way, the amount of water removed is alternately put into the two measuring tanks, so that the measurement calculation circuit 9 calculates the total amount of water removed from the number of times. The valves can be controlled by, for example, providing the metering calculation circuit 9 with the control function, but such a control system is omitted here.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> In such a conventional technique, as shown in FIG. First and second measuring tanks 8a.

8b and the number of piping systems used before and after this, as well as the parts related to measurement, complicate the manufacturing process, requiring more man-hours for assembly, and increase the size of the device, which also causes an increase in costs. In addition, there were various problems such as complicated maintenance.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, and its purpose is to use a buffer tank as one measuring tank, and to use a measuring tank for the amount of water removed. Figure 4 shows the simplification of the weighing mechanism.
The present invention provides an artificial dialysis device.

Means for Solving the Problems> In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a dialyzer in which blood and dialysate flow through a dialysis membrane, a dialyzer inlet and outlet on the dialysate side. A bypass circuit is provided branching off from the dialysate circuit connected to the dialysate side outlet, and the dialysate circuit is connected to the dialysate side outlet. The amount of water removed by the dialyzer from the liquid l flowing into the bypass circuit is controlled so that the flow rate flowing into the connected dialysate circuit matches the flow rate flowing into the dialysate circuit connected to the dialysate side inlet. In an artificial dialysis apparatus configured to meter, a water removal pump provided on the bypass circuit and having sufficient discharge pressure even when the amount of water removed in a buffer tank installed at the rear reaches the maximum;
The water is removed into the buffer tank by closing the buffer tank, which is arranged at the rear of the buffer tank and has a structure capable of accommodating the measuring capacity between the liquid level sensors installed above and below the measuring tank which is arranged at the rear of the measuring tank for at least one batch. a valve connected to the rear portion of the metering tank and controlled to store water; and a valve connected to the rear portion of the metering tank and controlling the state of water removal in the metering tank by opening and closing the valve. When measuring the amount of water removed, the removed water is led straight into the measuring tank and stored for measurement, and when the liquid in the measuring tank is drained, the inflow removed water is temporarily stored in the buffer tank, and continuously This method is characterized in that the total amount of water removed is obtained by periodically removing water and measuring it intermittently.

A water removal pump, a buffer tank, and a metering tank are arranged in a line, and a metering line has a structure in which valves are placed between the buffer tank and the metering tank and after the metering tank, and at this time, the water removal pump is connected to the buffer tank. The buffer tank should be configured to have a discharge pressure sufficient to exceed the internal pressure of the buffer tank that occurs when the liquid level of the tank reaches its maximum, and the buffer tank should have a capacity that can accommodate at least one measurement volume. As a product designed under the condition that Two valves are installed so that the liquid in the metering tank is sufficiently larger than the flow rate, and the liquid in the metering tank is rapidly discharged within a time period in which the inflow of the liquid sending flow into the buffer tank is sufficiently smaller than the one-time metering capacity. Set the conduit resistance including By doing this, it is possible to allow the removed water to flow straight into the measuring tank when measuring one removed water in the measuring tank, and to temporarily block the incoming removed water when discharging the liquid in the measuring tank. By storing the water in the buffer tank, it is possible to measure the amount of water removed intermittently while removing water continuously, making it possible to measure the total amount of water removed, which is the same as before.

This will be explained in detail below.

<Example> Examples will be described with reference to the drawings.

In the following drawings, parts that overlap with those in FIGS. 4 and 5 are given the same numbers, and their explanations will be omitted.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a specific embodiment of the artificial dialysis apparatus of the present invention, mainly showing the water removal measuring device.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining the operation of FIG. 1.

In FIG. 1, BT is a buffer tank placed at the rear of the water removal pump P30a on the bypass circuit 4C, and 80 is placed at the rear of the buffer tank BT and connected in series to the buffer tank BT via a valve V6. The metering tank (■9) is a valve provided to control whether the removed water is stored in the metering tank or the collected removed water is discharged by its opening/closing operation, and the pump P31
The valves iL to Vg are arranged in rows on the bypass circuit to form a measuring line for measuring the amount of water removed. And the water removal pump P at this time. a is the buffer generated by the highest liquid level in the buffer tank so that even when the liquid level in the buffer tank BT reaches its maximum when valve V8 is "closed", the liquid feeding operation still functions in the same state as before. It is necessary to use a device configured to have a sufficient discharge pressure higher than the tank internal pressure. In addition, regarding the buffer tank BT, there is a measuring tank 8 for at least one batch.
The structure has a volume large enough to accommodate the measuring capacity which is the storage capacity between the liquid level sensors LCT and LC2. Furthermore, the liquid sending flow rate of the water removal pump P3゜a is set to 91,
When the outflow flow rate of the Pafa tank BT is 92 and the discharge flow rate of the metering tank 80 is 93, the flow rate condition after taking into account the pipe resistance is q 2 :> q 1
...(1), and furthermore, the discharge flow rate q3 is set such that the liquid in the metering tank is rapidly discharged within a time period in which the flow rate of liquid feeding flow rate ql into the buffer tank is sufficiently smaller than the metering capacity at one time. In addition, the pipe resistance of the metering line including valves VB and Vg is set to be sufficiently low.

In such a configuration, the metering operation is performed as follows. This operation will be explained using FIG. 2 as well.

■: As shown in Figure 1, when valve V8 is "open" and valve V9 is "closed," for example, a metering calculation circuit (of course, a control circuit for controlling the entire device) is installed, and control from there is performed. may be controlled in response to a signal). In this state, the water removing liquid (liquid feeding flow Jlq+) sent from the pump P30a passes through the buffer tank 8T as it is and is injected into the measuring tank 80.

■: In the measuring tank 80, the water removal liquid injected gradually increases, and when it reaches the upper liquid level sensor LC2, the valve VB is controlled to "close" as shown in Fig. 2<A). The water removal liquid injection stops and valve V11 opens.
is controlled to the state of In this state, pump P3゜a
The water removal liquid (liquid feeding flow rate q+) that is sent from the buffer tank BT starts to be injected into the buffer tank BT (the liquid level in the buffer tank rises somewhat as the liquid level in the measuring tank 80 rises).

(2) On the other hand, in the metering tank 80, the injected water removal liquid is rapidly drained (discharged) at a discharge flow rate q, as shown in FIG. 2(B).

■: As shown in FIG. 2(C), the water removal liquid in the measuring tank 80 is at the lower level of the liquid level sensor 1. When C1 is reached, valve V is controlled to be "closed" and valve V8 is controlled to be "open".

As a result, the liquid level in the buffer tank BT rises and the internal pressure also rises, so that the liquid rapidly flows into the metering tank 80 as an outflow flow rate q2 from within the buffer tank. At this time, the liquid feeding flow rate ql also flows into the metering tank 80.

■: According to this, the measuring tank 8 is
The liquid level at 0 starts to rise. After the outflow miscarriage q2 from inside the buffer tank has almost disappeared, that is, when the liquid level in the buffer tank reaches a certain level, its discharge stops in relation to the liquid feeding flow rate ql, and conversely, as mentioned above, there is a slight rise. The liquid level in the metering tank 80 continues to rise due to the liquid feeding flow rate ql. This rise causes the upper liquid level sensor LC to rise as shown in Figure 2 (E).
When it reaches 2, the operation will be as shown in (■) above, and the measuring tank 8 will be
Ejection within 0 is performed. From then on, this series of operations will continue.

By doing this, the removed water can flow straight into the measuring tank 80 when measuring the amount of removed water, and when the liquid in the measuring tank is being discharged, the inflowing removed water can be temporarily stored in the buffer tank. Since it is possible to perform water removal continuously, the amount of water removed can be measured intermittently. Therefore, it is possible to measure the total amount of water removed, which is the same as before.

Embodiment of Kunoike〉 The present invention is not limited to the configuration and operation described above. For example, in order to rapidly drain the solution in the measuring tank, the following method is used to measure the solution with an air bonder at the time of draining. The inside of the tank may be pressurized.

FIGS. 3(A) and 3(B) are diagrams for explaining another embodiment of the present invention.

In FIGS. 3(A) and 3(B), 81 is a three-way valve and 82 is an air pump. With this configuration, (1): When the water removal liquid flows into the metering tank 80, the three-way valve 81 is open to the atmosphere, so its operation is as shown in Figures 1 and 2 (C). It will be the same as time.

(I+): When discharging the liquid in the measuring tank 80, the three-way valve 81 switches, and the air pump 8
Since the liquid in the metering tank is pressurized by 2, the liquid in the metering tank is further discharged more rapidly than described in FIG. 2 above.

<Effects of the Invention> Since the present invention is configured as described above, it produces the following effects.

■: Since one buffer tank and one metering tank are placed in series, the number of parts is reduced, such as fewer valves and piping, compared to a structure in which two metering tanks are installed in parallel. And the configuration will be simplified. This also reduces the manufacturing process and facilitates maintenance.

■: The sequence of Babal switching is also simple. This also simplifies the circuit configuration and the design and manufacture up to this point.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 shows a specific embodiment of the artificial dialysis apparatus of the present invention, mainly showing the water removal measuring device part, Fig. 2 is a diagram used to explain the operation of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 (A, ) ( B) is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of an artificial dialysis device, and FIG. 5 is a diagram of an artificial dialysis device that can measure the amount of water removed using a conventional measuring tank. It is a schematic configuration diagram. 2...Dializer, 3a, 3b-...Blood i circuit,
4a, 4b... Dialysate circuit, 4c... Bypass circuit, 5... Pressure measuring section, 8a... First measuring tank,
8b...Second measuring tank, 80...Measuring tank, B
T... Inside the buffer tank Figure 2 (D) Crossing (E)

Claims (1)

[Claims] A dialyzer through which blood and dialysate flow across a dialysis membrane, a dialysate circuit connected to a dialysate side inlet and a dialysate side outlet of the dialyzer, and a dialysate circuit connected to the dialysate side outlet. It has a bypass circuit provided in a branched manner, and the flow rate flowing to the dialysate circuit connected to the dialysate side outlet and the dialysate circuit connected to the dialysate side inlet except for the amount of liquid flowing to the bypass circuit. In an artificial dialysis apparatus configured to measure the amount of water removed by the dialyzer from the amount of liquid flowing into the bypass circuit by controlling the flow rates so that the flow rates match, the dialyzer is provided on the bypass circuit and installed at the rear. The metering capacity between the water removal pump, which has sufficient discharge pressure even when the amount of water removed from the buffer tank is at its maximum, and the liquid level sensors installed above and below the metering tank located at the rear of the tank for at least one a valve disposed at the rear of the buffer tank having a structure capable of accommodating the metering tank; It is equipped with a valve that is connected to the rear part and controls the state of water removal in the measuring tank by its opening/closing operation, and when measuring the amount of water removed, the removed water is led straight into the measuring tank and stored for measurement. and when the liquid in the measuring tank is discharged, the inflow removed water is temporarily stored in the buffer tank, and the total amount of removed water is obtained by continuously removing water and measuring intermittently. Dialysis machine.