JPH0372253B2 - - Google Patents

Info

Publication number
JPH0372253B2
JPH0372253B2 JP16261083A JP16261083A JPH0372253B2 JP H0372253 B2 JPH0372253 B2 JP H0372253B2 JP 16261083 A JP16261083 A JP 16261083A JP 16261083 A JP16261083 A JP 16261083A JP H0372253 B2 JPH0372253 B2 JP H0372253B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
lactose
whey
concentration
protein nitrogen
separation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP16261083A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS6054637A (en
Inventor
Satoshi Chihara
Takao Okamoto
Akinori Yonekubo
Toshitaka Kobayashi
Yoshiro Yamamoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Meiji Dairies Corp
Original Assignee
Meiji Milk Products Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Meiji Milk Products Co Ltd filed Critical Meiji Milk Products Co Ltd
Priority to JP16261083A priority Critical patent/JPS6054637A/en
Publication of JPS6054637A publication Critical patent/JPS6054637A/en
Publication of JPH0372253B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0372253B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Dairy Products (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は乳またはホエーから非たん白態窒素成
分含有組成物を製造する方法に関するものであ
る。 一般に、牛乳中にはたん白質以外の非たん白態
窒素成分が全窒素の5〜6%も含有されているこ
とはよく知られている。そして、この非たん白態
窒素成分には、クレアチニン、尿素、ホスホエタ
ノールアミンなどの含窒素化合物、グルタミン
酸、グリシン、アラニン、バリン、ロイシンなど
のアミノ酸、オロツト酸、5′−CMP、5′−AMP、
5′−GMP、5′−UMPなどの核酸関連物質などき
わめて多種類にわたる窒素化合物が含まれている
ことも分つている。 従来、この非たん白態窒素成分は、ホエーから
乳糖を分離する際にきよう雑物として分離除去さ
れ、ほとんどの場合は廃棄されている状態であつ
た。 しかしながら、ホエーから非たん白態窒素成分
には各種窒素化合物が豊富に含有されており、こ
れらの有効性が確認されれば、一種の栄養料とし
ての利用が期待される。 本発明者らは、非たん白態窒素の有効性の確認
に先だつて、従来廃棄されていた非たん白態窒素
成分含有組成物を検討したところ、これらは蛋白
質、乳糖、各種塩類などのきよう雑物を多量含有
していて、そのまま非たん白態窒素成分として利
用することができないことを知つた。 そこで、本発明者らは、乳またはホエーから非
たん白態窒素成分を高純度に分離するために鋭意
研究した結果、乳またはホエーを限外過膜処理
し、その液から2回の濃縮・乳糖結晶化・分離
工程と1回の脱塩工程を適宜組み合わせることに
よつてきよう雑物の少ない非たん白態窒素成分含
有組成物を得ることに成功したのである。 本発明は、乳またはホエーを限外過膜処理し
て、この透過液から非たん白態窒素成分を分離す
るに際し、2回の濃縮・乳糖結晶化・分離工程及
び1回の脱塩工程を適宜組み合わせて処理するこ
とを特徴とする非たん白態窒素成分含有組成物の
製造法である。 本発明によつて、乳またはホエーの限外過膜
の過液からその大量成分である乳糖、塩類等が
除かれ、非たん白態窒素成分を高濃度に得ること
が出来、更に乾燥工程を経ることにより非たん白
態窒素成分含有組成物が得られるのである。 本発明の原料となるのは、主としてホエーであ
る。ホエーとしては、いかなるホエーでもよい。
一般にホエーといわれるものは、牛乳からチーズ
を製造するとき、凝乳した後圧搾して分離した液
状物であるが、このホエーが本発明でも一般に使
用される。しかし、牛乳を限外過膜処理して蛋
白質を分離した後の過液でも、そのまま用いる
ことができる。また、脱脂乳あるいは脱脂粉乳を
水に溶解したものを限外過膜処理し、蛋白質を
分離した後の過液でも、有効に使用される。 原料のホエーは、限外過膜処理をして、蛋白
質を可能なかぎり分離除去しておくのが非たんぱ
く態窒素の純度を上げるためにのぞましい。 原料のホエーは、限外過膜処理して非たん白
態窒素成分の分離成分の分離処理に移されるが、
本発明においては、この処理工程中少なくとも2
回の濃縮・乳糖結晶化・分離工程及び1回の脱塩
工程を行なうことが必要である。 具体的には、まず脱塩を行ない、次いで濃縮、
乳糖結晶化、分離を行ない、更に濃縮、乳糖結晶
化、分離を行なう方法があり、また、最初に濃
縮、乳糖結晶化、分離を行ない、次いで分離液
について濃縮されたものの脱着を行ない、最後に
再度、濃縮、乳糖結晶化、分離を行なう方法など
があげられる。 脱塩工程としては、電気透析やイオン交換樹脂
による成分の除去が一般的である。この脱塩工程
は非たん白態窒素成分の純度をあげるために早い
時期に行なうことが好ましい。しかし最も好まし
いのは、第1工程としての濃縮・乳糖結晶化・分
離工程が終了した後の濃縮液を脱塩工程にかける
ことで、この場合は液量が少なく、脱塩処理をす
みやかに行なうことができる。 濃縮・乳糖結晶化・分離工程においては、ホエ
ーの限外過膜透過液、もしくはこれを脱塩した
ものを固形分濃度50〜75%(乳糖濃度で40〜60
%)まで濃縮する。この濃縮液を70〜80%の乳糖
が結晶化するように冷却、撹拌する。結晶沈殿し
た乳糖は、これを分離することができる。 70〜85%の乳糖が分離された処理液は、そのま
まもしくは脱塩工程を経て、再び濃縮・乳糖結晶
化・分離工程にかけられる。 第2回目の濃縮・乳糖結晶化・分離工程は、第
1回目と同様に、減圧濃縮して、固形分濃度で50
〜75%、即ち乳糖濃度で40〜60%として、70〜85
%の乳糖が結晶化するように冷却、撹拌し、結晶
沈殿した乳糖は、これも分解する。 本発明においては、2回の濃縮・乳糖結晶化・
分離工程を行なうので、最初に含有していた乳糖
の91〜98%は除去されることになる。 このように、本発明の2回の濃縮・乳糖結晶
化・分離工程と1回の脱塩工程が終了した処理液
は、更に脱塩処理したり、濃縮、乳糖結晶化、分
離処理してもよいが、ほとんどその必要はない程
非たん白態窒素成分の純度は高められている。 得られた処理液は、そのままあるいは他の有用
成分と混合し、凍結乾燥、噴霧乾燥等によつて乾
燥され、非たん白態窒素成分含有組成物が得られ
る。 次に、本発明の実施例を示す。 実施例 ゴーダチーズ製造時に排出されたホエーを、ク
ラリフアイアーにかけて残留カイゼンを分離し、
次にクリームセパレーターにかけてクリームを分
離した。 次に、このホエーを限外過膜で処理し、蛋白
質を除去した。 処理されたホエーの過液を減圧濃縮機にか
け、固形分濃度64%まで濃縮し、乳糖のシーデイ
ングを行ない、10℃の冷蔵室に2日放置し、生成
した沈殿物をデカンテーシヨンにより除去した。 得られたホエー濃縮液を電気透析にかけ、イオ
ン成分の95%を除去した。 次に、濃縮、脱塩ホエーは減圧濃縮機にかけ、
固形分濃度63%まで濃縮し、乳糖のシーデイング
を行ない、10℃の冷蔵室に2日放置し、生成した
沈殿物をデカンテーシヨンで除去した。 得られた濃縮物はそのまま噴霧乾燥機にかけ
て、細末状の非たん白態窒素成分含有組成物を得
た。 次表に本実施例における組成の変化を示す。 【表】
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing a non-protein nitrogen component-containing composition from milk or whey. It is generally well known that milk contains non-protein nitrogen components other than protein at 5 to 6% of the total nitrogen. These non-protein nitrogen components include nitrogen-containing compounds such as creatinine, urea, and phosphoethanolamine, amino acids such as glutamic acid, glycine, alanine, valine, and leucine, orotic acid, 5'-CMP, and 5'-AMP. ,
It is also known that it contains a wide variety of nitrogen compounds, including nucleic acid-related substances such as 5'-GMP and 5'-UMP. Conventionally, this non-protein nitrogen component was separated and removed as a contaminant when lactose was separated from whey, and in most cases was discarded. However, the non-protein nitrogen components of whey are rich in various nitrogen compounds, and if their effectiveness is confirmed, they are expected to be used as a type of nutritional supplement. Prior to confirming the effectiveness of non-protein nitrogen, the present inventors investigated compositions containing non-protein nitrogen components that had previously been discarded, and found that these compositions contained proteins, lactose, various salts, etc. I learned that it contains a large amount of impurities and cannot be used as a non-protein nitrogen component. Therefore, the present inventors conducted extensive research in order to separate non-protein nitrogen components from milk or whey with high purity, and as a result, they subjected milk or whey to ultrafiltration membrane treatment, and the resulting liquid was concentrated twice. By appropriately combining the lactose crystallization/separation step and one desalting step, they succeeded in obtaining a non-protein nitrogen component-containing composition with few impurities. In the present invention, when milk or whey is subjected to ultrafiltration membrane treatment and non-protein nitrogen components are separated from the permeate, two steps of concentration/lactose crystallization/separation and one desalination step are performed. This is a method for producing a composition containing a non-protein nitrogen component, which is characterized by carrying out treatments in appropriate combinations. According to the present invention, large amounts of components such as lactose and salts can be removed from the filtrate of milk or whey through an ultrafiltration membrane, and non-protein nitrogen components can be obtained at a high concentration. By this process, a composition containing a non-protein nitrogen component can be obtained. The raw material for the present invention is mainly whey. Any whey may be used as the whey.
What is generally referred to as whey is a liquid product obtained by curdling and squeezing and separating milk when cheese is produced from milk, and this whey is generally used in the present invention as well. However, even the filtrate obtained by subjecting milk to ultrafiltration membrane treatment to separate proteins can be used as is. Furthermore, the filtrate obtained by subjecting skimmed milk or skimmed milk powder dissolved in water to ultrafiltration treatment to separate proteins can also be effectively used. In order to increase the purity of non-protein nitrogen, the raw material whey should be subjected to ultrafiltration treatment to separate and remove as much protein as possible. The raw material whey is subjected to ultrafiltration membrane treatment to separate non-protein nitrogen components.
In the present invention, at least two
It is necessary to carry out two concentration/lactose crystallization/separation steps and one desalting step. Specifically, first desalination is performed, then concentration,
There is a method of performing lactose crystallization and separation, followed by concentration, lactose crystallization, and separation.Also, there is a method that first performs concentration, lactose crystallization, and separation, then desorbs the concentrated liquid from the separated liquid, and finally Again, methods include concentration, lactose crystallization, and separation. As a desalination step, removal of components using electrodialysis or ion exchange resin is common. This desalting step is preferably carried out at an early stage in order to increase the purity of non-protein nitrogen components. However, the most preferable method is to subject the concentrated liquid after the first step of concentration, lactose crystallization, and separation to a desalting process.In this case, the amount of liquid is small and the desalting process can be carried out quickly. be able to. In the concentration, lactose crystallization, and separation process, the ultrafiltration membrane permeate of whey or its desalted product is used to obtain a solid content of 50 to 75% (lactose concentration of 40 to 60%).
%). This concentrate is cooled and stirred so that 70-80% of the lactose crystallizes. The crystallized lactose can be separated. The treated liquid from which 70 to 85% of lactose has been separated is sent as is or after a desalting process, and then subjected to the concentration, lactose crystallization, and separation process again. The second concentration, lactose crystallization, and separation process is the same as the first, by concentrating under reduced pressure to obtain a solid concentration of 50%.
~75%, i.e. 40-60% in lactose concentration, 70-85
Cool and stir so that % of lactose crystallizes, and the crystallized lactose is also decomposed. In the present invention, concentration, lactose crystallization and
Due to the separation process, 91-98% of the lactose initially contained is removed. In this way, the treated liquid that has undergone the two concentration/lactose crystallization/separation steps and one desalination step of the present invention can be further desalted, concentrated, lactose crystallized, and separated. Although good, the purity of the non-protein nitrogen component is so high that it is hardly necessary. The obtained treatment liquid is dried as it is or mixed with other useful ingredients by freeze drying, spray drying, etc. to obtain a non-protein nitrogen component-containing composition. Next, examples of the present invention will be shown. Example Whey discharged during the production of Gouda cheese is separated from residual improvement by applying it to a ClarifIer.
Next, the cream was separated using a cream separator. Next, this whey was treated with an ultrafiltration membrane to remove proteins. The treated whey filtrate was applied to a vacuum concentrator and concentrated to a solid content concentration of 64%, lactose seeded, left in a refrigerator at 10°C for 2 days, and the formed precipitate was removed by decantation. . The obtained whey concentrate was subjected to electrodialysis to remove 95% of ionic components. Next, the concentrated and desalted whey is applied to a vacuum concentrator.
The mixture was concentrated to a solid concentration of 63%, seeded with lactose, and left in a refrigerator at 10°C for 2 days, and the precipitate formed was removed by decantation. The obtained concentrate was directly applied to a spray dryer to obtain a finely powdered non-protein nitrogen component-containing composition. The following table shows changes in composition in this example. 【table】

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 乳またはホエーを限外過膜処理してその
液から非たん白態窒素成分を分離するに際し、2
回の濃縮・乳糖結晶化・分離工程及び1回の脱塩
工程を適宜組み合わせて処理することを特徴とす
る非たん白態窒素成分含有組成物の製造法。
1 When milk or whey is treated with an ultrafiltration membrane to separate non-protein nitrogen components from the liquid, 2
1. A method for producing a composition containing a non-protein nitrogen component, which comprises appropriately combining two steps of concentration, lactose crystallization and separation and one step of desalting.
JP16261083A 1983-09-06 1983-09-06 Preparation of composition containing nitrogen component in nonprotein state Granted JPS6054637A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP16261083A JPS6054637A (en) 1983-09-06 1983-09-06 Preparation of composition containing nitrogen component in nonprotein state

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP16261083A JPS6054637A (en) 1983-09-06 1983-09-06 Preparation of composition containing nitrogen component in nonprotein state

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS6054637A JPS6054637A (en) 1985-03-29
JPH0372253B2 true JPH0372253B2 (en) 1991-11-18

Family

ID=15757868

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP16261083A Granted JPS6054637A (en) 1983-09-06 1983-09-06 Preparation of composition containing nitrogen component in nonprotein state

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS6054637A (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07121960B2 (en) * 1987-05-31 1995-12-25 株式会社ニチロ Method for producing free protamine
JP2802436B2 (en) * 1989-05-19 1998-09-24 雪印乳業株式会社 Bone disease treatment / prevention agent
US5427813A (en) * 1991-01-22 1995-06-27 Meiji Milk Products Company Limited Desalted whey containing non-protein nitrogen and process for producing the same
JPH04356159A (en) * 1991-01-22 1992-12-09 Meiji Milk Prod Co Ltd Non-protein form nitrogen-containing desalted whey and its production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6054637A (en) 1985-03-29

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