JPH0366904A - Actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To realize a shift changeover beyond three position by a method wherein a valve is provided for closing pressure supply cutlets separately by means of the output of an output member energized by an energizing member, and a controller is also provided for changing over the pressure supply cutlets to closing, to a pressure source and to opening to atmospheric pressure. CONSTITUTION:A seal 89 is attached to a periphery in a pressure chamber 87, and a support member 91 having flow holes 90,92 is provided free to side by the output of a diaphragm 85 which moves by energizing force of a return spring 93 and a shift spring 99 and by pressure of the pressure chamber 87. The support member 91 on the other hand, closes separately pressure supply outlets 115, 117 which connect with a negative pressure source by pressure supply routes 119, 121 and a control valve 123. When the control valve 123 closes and connects atmospheric pressure with the negative pressure source, it controls the right end of a shift sleeve 95 to positions I,II,III separately. A shift changeover beyond the three positions are therefore possible with a simple structure at a low cost.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an actuator that converts fluid pressure into mechanical force.

<Prior Art> Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-238516 describes a device for controlling disconnection between a drive wheel and its drive mechanism. As shown in FIG. 4, this connects or disconnects the housing 203 to which the wheel 201 is fixed and the drive gear 207 on the drive axle 205 side by moving the slide gear 209 in the axial direction. The movement of the slide gear 209 is performed by an actuator 213 defined by a diaphragm 211 inside the housing 203.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) A pressure source 217 is provided in the pressure chamber 2.15 of the actuator 213.
When negative pressure is supplied from the diaphragm 211 to the left, the slide gear 209 moves to the left connection position,
When the negative pressure supply is stopped, the slide gear 209 returns to the right decoupling position by the biasing force of the return spring 219.

In this way, conventional actuators can only switch between two positions: when supplying pressure and when stopping supply.
Therefore, complicated operations requiring three or more positions cannot be performed.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an actuator that can switch three or more positions with a simple structure.

[Structure of the Invention] (Means for Solving Problem yI) The actuator of the present invention includes an output member that forms a pressure chamber between the housing member and outputs a moving force by supplying pressure to the pressure chamber; A pressure source that supplies pressure, a plurality of pressure supply ports provided in a pressure chamber, a valve body that moves by the output of an output member and closes the pressure supply ports individually, and any pressure supply port that serves as a pressure source. The present invention is characterized in that it includes an 11111m device that makes the supply ports communicate with each other and closes the other supply ports, and an urging member that urges the output member in a direction opposite to the moving force.

(Function) For example, movement by the force of movement of the output member due to pressure supply to the pressure chamber is defined as forward movement, and movement in the opposite direction by the biasing member is defined as backward movement. When the control valve device connects any pressure supply port located on the forward direction side of the valve body position with the pressure source and closes the other pressure supply ports, movement from the output member due to pressure changes in the pressure chamber The force causes the valve body to move forward to a position where it closes its pressure supply port, and then stops, and is positioned at this position. Furthermore, if the same thing is done for the pressure supply port on the forward side, the output member is moved forward and positioned to a position where the valve body closes the supply port.

Next, if any pressure supply port on the retreating side is opened to the atmosphere and the other supply ports are closed using the control valve device, the output member is activated by the biasing force of the biasing member until the valve body It retreats to the position where the mouth is closed and is positioned in this position. Further, when the pressure supply port on the forward side is opened to the atmosphere, the output member immediately retreats to the position at the end on the backward side.

In this way, movement operations to multiple positions can be performed. In addition, movement operations can be performed one step at a time or in multiple steps at once.
You can move forward and backward at will, even alternately.

(Example> One embodiment will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.

FIG. 1 shows the disconnection device operated by this embodiment, and FIG. 3 shows the power system of a four-wheel drive vehicle using this disconnection device. Hereinafter, the left and right directions are the left and right directions in these drawings, and the upper part of FIGS. 1 and 2 corresponds to the front of this vehicle (the upper part of FIG. 3). Also, members not numbered are not shown.

First, the power system of the vehicle shown in FIG. 3 will be explained. This power system consists of engine 1, transmission 3, front differential 5 (
Front wheel side differential device〉, fO axle 7, 9, left and right front wheels 11.13, direction conversion gear set
structure 15, propeller shaft 17, rear differential 18 (rear wheel side differential device, disconnection device 1 using the embodiment)
9. It consists of a rear axle 21.23, left and right TL wheels 25.27, etc.

A differential case 29 of the rear differential 18 is rotatably supported inside a differential carrier 35, and a ring gear 37 is fixed to the outer periphery of the differential case 29. As shown in FIG. 3, this ring gear 37 meshes with drive pinion gears 41 provided at the rear ends of three drive pinion shafts connected to the propeller shaft 17 side. In this way, differential case 29
is rotationally driven by the driving force from the engine 1.

A pinion shaft 43 is supported inside the differential case 29, and a pinion gear 45 is rotatably supported on the shaft 43. Left and right side gears 47 and 49 mesh with this gear 45. A hollow shaft 51 that constitutes the left rear axle 21 is connected to the left side gear 47 via a viscous coupling 79, which will be described later. The right rear axle 23 is spline connected to 49.

An end portion of an axle member 55 is rotatably supported on the inner periphery of the hollow shaft 51 by a needle bearing 53.

When the drive shaft from the engine 1 rotates the differential case 29, this rotation is transmitted to the side gears 47 and 49 through the pinion shaft 43 and the pinion gear 45 as the pinion gear 45 revolves. In this way, rear differential 1
8 are made up.

A case portion 57 is integrally formed with the left side gear 47, and five hub members are mounted on the radially inner side of the case portion 57 so as to be relatively rotatable.
It has been f. A cylindrical part 60 provided on the left end side of the case part 57 is rotatably supported by the differential case 29 by needle bearings 61.61, and the hub member 59 is spline connected to the outer periphery of the hollow shaft 51, and the The portion 57 is arranged so as to be relatively rotatable via a needle bearing 63.

A ring-shaped working chamber 65 is formed between the case portion 57 and the five hub members, and is filled with high-viscosity silicone oil. This working chamber 65 has an X ring 67.69 (sealing material with an X-shaped cross section) disposed between members 57 and 59.
A liquid-tight state is maintained by backup rings 71 and 73. A plurality of plates 75 are provided inside the working chamber 65.
．． 77 are arranged alternately and are spline-connected to the inner periphery of the case portion 57 and the outer periphery of the hub member 59, respectively. In this way, a viscous coupling 79 is constructed.

Therefore, the rotation of the left side gear 47 is transferred between the plates 75 and 77 due to the shear resistance of the silicone oil.
Rotate the hub member 59 side. At this time, member 57.5
If the rotation difference between 9 is large, this rotation difference will be greatly limited,
If the rotation difference is small, this rotation difference is allowed.

The housing member 81 is attached to the bolt 83 on the differential carrier 35.
is fixed. A ring-shaped diaphragm 85 (output member) is airtightly attached to the opening of the ring-shaped recess provided in this member 81, thereby forming a pressure chamber 87.

Inside the pressure chamber 87, a holding member 91 having a ring-shaped seal 89 attached to its outer periphery is movably arranged. Second
As shown in figure (b), there are 8 seals.

Each of the holding members 91 is provided with air circulation holes 90 and 92. A return spring 93 (biasing member) is arranged between the holding member 91 and the housing member 81 to bias the member 91 to the left.

Also, a movable sleeve 95 is attached to the left side of the diaphragm 85.
A support member 97 is disposed so as to be freely movable in the axial direction. Nine shift springs are arranged between this member 97 and the housing member 81 to bias the member 97 to the right. Note that the biasing force of the return spring 93 is greater than the biasing force of the shift spring 99. Moving sleeve 9
5 is a nut 101 and a washer 1 on the right end of the support part 97.
03 for relative rotation. The moving sleeve 95 connects the spline 105 provided on the inner circumference to the axle member 5.
The member 5 is engaged with the spline 107 provided on the outer periphery of the member 5.
5 so as to be freely movable in the axial direction. A spline 109 that can be engaged with this spline 105 is provided on the outer periphery of the left end of the hollow shaft 51 . Also, the moving sleeve 95
A spline 111 is provided on the outer periphery of the right end,
Cylindrical portion 60 of case portion 57 of viscous coupling 79
A spline 113 that can be engaged with this spline 111 is provided on the inner periphery.

In this way, the movable sleeve 95 is spline-coupled to the axle member 55 and can move left and right. When in position (3) in FIG. It is connected to the hollow shaft 51 via the hollow shaft 51 . When retracted to position (2), the splines 111 and 113 engage, and the axle member 55 is connected to the case members 57 of the seven viscous couplings via the moving sleeve 95. Further, when the vehicle is moved backward to position E, the axle shaft portion 55 is not connected to either the hollow shaft 51 or the case member 57.

In this way, one disconnection device is configured.

Therefore, in position E, the left rear wheel 25 side is in a free rotation state, and the driving force from the engine 1 is transferred to the rear wheel 25 side.
27 is not transmitted. In position ■, the left side gear 47 bypasses the viscous coupling 79 and is connected to the left rear wheel 25 via the case member 57, and the driving force from the engine 1 is transmitted to the left and right rear wheels 25 via the rear differential 18. It is transmitted to ゜27. In position (3), the left side gear 47 is connected to the left rear wheel 25 via the viscous coupling 79.

The pressure chamber 87 has two pressure supply ports 115.11 in the axial direction.
7 are provided, which are connected to each pressure supply line 119.1.
21 and a control valve device 123 to a negative pressure source. The control valve device 123 is a solenoid valve and its control means, and as shown in FIG. 2, one of the pressure supply ports 115 and 117 is communicated with a negative pressure source and the other is closed. Further, one or both of these supply ports 115 and 117 can be opened to the atmosphere. In this way, the actuator 125 is configured.

When both the pressure supply ports 115 and 117 are opened to the atmosphere by the control valve device 123, as shown in FIG. It moves back to the left until it hits, and at this time the right end of the moving sleeve 95 comes to position I.

Next, as shown in FIG. 2(a), when the supply port 115 is communicated with a negative pressure source and the supply port 117 is closed, the diaphragm 85 is sucked with negative pressure, and the holding member 91 is
9 moves to the right until it moves to the position drawn by the broken line and closes the supply port 115. At this time, the right end of the moving sleeve 95 is moved to the position ■ by the biasing force of the shift spring 99.
It is positioned at this position by stopping the supply of negative pressure by closing the supply port 115. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2 (υ), when the supply port 115 is closed and the supply port 117 is placed in communication with the negative pressure source, the seal 89 similarly moves to the position drawn by the broken line in the same figure. The right end of the movable sleeve 95 is moved forward and positioned to position ■.Also, at this time, the stopper 129 at the right end of the holding member 91 abuts against the housing member 81.Also, in the state of position ■, the supply port 115 is closed. When negative pressure is supplied from the supply port 117, the movable sleeve 95 passes through the position (2) and advances directly to the position (3).

Furthermore, when the supply port 117 is closed in the position ■ and the supply port 115 is opened to the atmosphere, the seal 89 closes the supply port 11.
5 to the position where it closes, and the movable sleeve 95 retreats to position 3. In this state, when the supply port 117 is further opened to the atmosphere, the seal 89 is further turned back and the moving sleeve 9
5 returns to position I. Furthermore, if both the supply ports 115 and 117 are opened to the atmosphere in the position (2), the movable sleeve 95 will retreat v1 all at once to the position (2).

The υjW valve system H123 can be operated manually from the driver's seat or automatically depending on steering conditions and road surface conditions.

Next, the functions of each device shown in FIG. 1 will be briefly explained in accordance with the performance of the vehicle shown in FIG. 3.

When one interrupter is set to position ■, as mentioned above,
The driving force is no longer transmitted to the rear wheels 25 and 27, and the vehicle becomes a front wheel drive state. When set to position ■, rear differential 1 operates normally and the vehicle becomes in four-wheel drive mode. Position■
When this is done, the difference in rotation between the front and rear wheels in the four-wheel drive state is allowed by the viscous coupling 79, allowing smooth turning.

As mentioned above, the actuator 125 can be switched between three positions, one step at a time for forward and backward, or -
It is possible to switch between two levels.

Note that by increasing the number of pressure supply ports, even more multi-stage switching is possible. Alternatively, the diaphragm 85 may be a piston and the housing member 81 may be a cylinder. Also, positive pressure may be used instead of negative pressure.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the actuator of the present invention is configured such that the pressure supply port that supplies pressure is closed by a valve body that is moved by the output member, and is provided with a plurality of pressure supply ports. Therefore, it is possible to perform complex movement operations in 3 or more positions. Moreover, the structure is simple and low cost.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the configuration of one embodiment, FIG. 2 (2),
(ω is a sectional view showing the operating state of this embodiment, Figure 3 is a skeleton mechanism diagram showing the power system of a vehicle using the device shown in Figure 1, and Figure 4 is a new view showing the conventional example. Yes. 81...Housing member 85...Diaphragm (output member) 87...8 pressure chambers...Seal (valve body) 93...
・Return spring (biasing member) 115.117...
・Pressure supply port 123...Control valve system same

Claims (1)

[Claims] An output member that forms a pressure chamber between the housing member and outputs a moving force by supplying pressure to the pressure chamber, a pressure source that supplies this pressure, and a plurality of pressure supply ports provided in the pressure chamber. , a valve body that moves according to the output of the output member and closes the pressure supply ports individually; a control device that connects any pressure supply port with a pressure source and closes other supply ports; and a control device that moves the output member. An actuator comprising: a biasing member that biases in a direction opposite to the force.