JPH0365541A - Production of laminated glass - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a clear laminated glass in higher productivity by deaerating a glass plate coated with a plastisol, laminating said glass plate with a second one and by making a hot contact bonding. CONSTITUTION:A glass plate 1 coated with a plastisol consisting mainly of a vinyl chloride resin containing 0.1-20wt.% of epoxy group is carried via a door 2 into a preliminary vacuum chamber 3 where a preliminary deaeration is made, and then the glass plate 1 is passed through a partitioning door 4 and brought to a vacuum chamber 5 where a deaeration is made. The resultant glass plate 1 are passed through a second partitioning door 4 and a preliminary chamber 6 where the ambient pressure is returned to the normal pressure. Thence, the glass plate 1 is laminated with a second glass plate followed by heating at 110-230 deg.C for one second to 30min to accomplish contact bonding.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention has a structure in which two or more glass plates are bonded together through a film obtained from plastisol of vinyl chloride resin. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing laminated glass that prevents fragments from scattering when the glass is blown, and that can be mass-produced at low cost with a reduced number of steps.

(Prior art) Conventionally, laminated glass has been manufactured using a plastic film called an interlayer film, typically made of plasticized polyvinyl butyral.
It has been manufactured by sandwiching the glass between two or more sheets of glass, deaerating the glass, pressurizing it, and heating it.

However, this conventional manufacturing method requires membrane processing such as cleaning and cutting of the membrane, humidity conditioning of the membrane, and the need to place the membrane in a vacuum bag, perform preliminary pressure bonding, and then place it in an autoclave and pressurize and heat it. There were problems with low performance and high production costs. On the other hand, as membranes other than plasticized polyvinyl butyral, plasticized vinyl chloride resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer resin, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer resin, etc. have been proposed; Crimp,
It requires the same process as plasticized polyvinyl butyral, such as main crimping, and has not improved low productivity or high production costs.

Another method is to inject liquid acrylic resin between glass plates with a certain gap, but since the resin is a liquid, it is necessary to completely hermetically seal the edges of the glass plates in advance. For example, there are methods such as inserting a gasket between the glass plates and fixing the periphery with a clamp, or sealing the periphery of the glass with a sealant or bead in advance, but this sealing is time-consuming and time-consuming when manufacturing laminated glass. , workability and productivity deteriorate.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem of the low productivity of the conventional method for manufacturing laminated glass using an interlayer film, and as a result, it is possible to solve the problem by using a specific liquid substance. By doing so, it is possible to omit the above-mentioned complicated work associated with the use of membranes and the pressure bonding process using an autoclave, and by preventing the inclusion of air bubbles that are likely to occur when applying the liquid substance, it is possible to create a clear product without air bubbles. We have discovered a highly productive and even inexpensive manufacturing method for laminated glass, and have completed the present invention based on this knowledge.

(Means for Solving the Problems) Thus, according to the present invention, a laminated glass is produced, which is characterized in that a glass plate coated with plastisol is deaerated, and then a glass plate is laminated thereon and bonded under heat. A manufacturing method is provided.

The polymer for plastisol used in the present invention is preferably one that has adhesive properties to glass and has the property of gelling without melting under appropriate heating conditions, such as epoxy group-containing vinyl chloride resin. can give.

In the present invention, the epoxy group-containing vinyl chloride resin is
1) A copolymer of vinyl chloride, a monomer having an epoxy group, and an optional monomer copolymerizable with these,
Typical examples include 2) a vinyl chloride copolymer with an epoxy group added thereto, and 3) a vinyl chloride copolymer dispersed with an epoxy group-containing resin that is compatible with the vinyl chloride copolymer.

The epoxy group content in the epoxy group-containing resin is 0, 1 to 2
0% by weight, preferably 0.5% to 10% by weight.

In I), examples of monomers having an epoxy group include glycidyl ethers of unsaturated alcohols such as allyl glycidyl ether and methallyl glycidyl ether;
glycidyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate,
Glycidyl esters of unsaturated acids such as glycidyl-p-vinylbenzoate, methylglycidyl itaconate, glycidyl ethyl maleate, glycidyl vinyl sulfonate, glycidyl (meth)allylsulfonate, butadiene monoxide, vinylcyclohexene monooxide, 2-methyl Examples include epoxide olefins such as -5,6-epoxyhexene. Monomers having an epoxy group and monomers that can be copolymerized with vinyl chloride as necessary include fatty acid vinyls such as vinyl acetate and vinyl propionate, olefins such as ethylene and propylene, vinylidene chloride, Examples include vinylidene halides such as vinylidene fluoride, vinyl ethers such as isobutyl vinyl ether, methyl vinyl ether, and cetyl vinyl ether, and allyl compounds such as allyl chloride and methyl allyl ether.

In order to obtain the vinyl chloride copolymer used in the present invention using these monomers, well-known methods for polymerizing vinyl chloride such as suspension polymerization and emulsion polymerization can be employed. However, emulsion polymerization or microsuspension polymerization is preferred as a method for producing vinyl chloride resin for paste processing.

In 2), examples of the method for adding an epoxy group include a method in which the vinyl chloride resin is dehydrochlorinated by heat treatment or contact with an alkali compound, and then epoxidized with an organic peracid or the like.

In 3), the epoxy group-containing resin refers to a copolymer of a monomer having an epoxy group and a monomer copolymerizable therewith.

In preparing the plastisol used in the present invention, in addition to resin, plasticizer, and heat stabilizer, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, lubricants, fillers, colorants, etc. are mixed according to the purpose. Defoamed.

A wide variety of plasticizers that are generally called plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride can be used. For example, aliphatic plasticizers include dioctyl adipate, butyl diglycol adipate, dioctyl azelate, dibutyl sebacate, diisodecyl adipate, etc., and phthalate plasticizers include dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, butyl Examples include benzyl phthalate, dilauryl phthalate, dilauryl phthalate, etc. Phosphoric acid plasticizers include tricylenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, trischloroethyl phosphate, and trischloroethyl phosphite. , tributyl phosphate, etc. Examples of epoxy derivatives include epoxidized soybean oil and epoxy fatty acid monoester.

Polyester plasticizers can also be used in some cases. The appropriate amount of the plasticizer to be blended is 20 to 80 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride resin. If there is too much plasticizer, the film strength will decrease, and if it is too little, it will become hard.

Suitable heat stabilizers include alkylated tin compounds of fatty acids such as butyltin laurate, butyltin maleate, and octyltin maleate, and alkyltin-containing sulfur compounds such as di-normal octyltin bis(isooctylthioglycolic acid ester) salt. used for. It is also possible to use a metal soap type stabilizer together with these.

Benzotriazole-based UV absorbers are excellent, such as 2(2'-hydroxy-5'methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2(2'-hydroxy-3'
-tert-butyl-5'-methylphenyl>-5-
Chlorobenzotriazole, 2(2'-hydroxy-3
',5'-tert-butylphenyl)-5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2(2'-hydroxy-4'-octoxyphenyl)benzotriazole, and the like are preferably used.

Phenolic antioxidants are excellent as antioxidants, such as 2,6-ditertiary-butyl-p-cresol, 212'-methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tertiary-butylphenol), and 4,4'-butylidenebis. (3-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol)
, 4,4'-thiobis(3-methyl-6-tert-
butylphenol), etc.

Further, if necessary, a crosslinking agent, a thickener, a diluent, a silane type or titanate type coupling agent, etc. are added.

Since plastisol is in liquid form, dust and foreign matter can be removed using filters, etc., and storage and transportation are handled in closed systems such as tanks and pipelines, making quality control easy and suitable for automation. There is.

The plastisol thus prepared is applied to a glass plate using a coating machine such as a blade coater, roll coater, screen coater, flow coater, or spray coater. The glass plate coated with this plastisol is passed through a decompression chamber using a conveyor such as a roll conveyor, belt conveyor, or slide table, and is degassed.

Air bubbles are sometimes introduced during the process of supplying plastisol to a coating machine and the process of applying plastisol onto a glass plate using a coating machine. Therefore, by passing the glass plate coated with plastisol into a vacuum chamber and performing deaeration treatment, the bubbles are expanded and burst, and by removing the bubbles, it is possible to obtain clear laminated glass without bubbles.

On top of the glass plate coated with this bubble-free plastisol, another glass plate is placed to prevent air bubbles from entering.

? 6. The laminate thus produced is then heated.

The plastisol layer is melted and gelled to form a strong elastic membrane. The heating temperature and time at this time depend on the composition of the plastisol, but are selected from the range of 110 to 230° C. and 1 second to 30 minutes.

As a heating method here, heating devices used in normal paste processing, such as hot air circulation heating, (far) infrared heating, dielectric heating, and induction heating, can be used.

Furthermore, since air bubbles are prevented from entering between the glass plates during plastisol filling, a pressurizing and heating device such as an autoclave for compressing and extinguishing air bubbles becomes unnecessary.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 is a glass plate coated with plastisol, and a roll conveyor, a belt conveyor,
It is transported by a conveyor such as a slide table. In FIG. 1, the plastisol-coated glass plate 1 transferred from the entrance R2 is preliminarily degassed in a pre-decompression chamber 3, passes through a partition door 4, and is degassed in a decompression chamber 5. Next, the pressure is gradually returned to normal pressure in the preliminary chamber 6 through the partition door 4, and the next step is proceeded to. In FIG. 2, a decompression chamber 5 is created between a lower table and a lid 8 that is moved up and down by a cylinder or the like, and is degassed using a punch method.

(Effects of the Invention) Thus, according to the present invention, compared to the conventional technology, a series of operations such as cleaning, drying, cutting, and humidity conditioning of the membrane associated with handling the membrane can be omitted, and since it is a liquid substance, it is possible to eliminate the need for a closed system. Since it can be handled easily, there is no need for a large-scale lean room. Furthermore, even if air bubbles are mixed in, a clear laminated glass without air bubbles can be obtained because the deaeration process is performed. Furthermore, since the pressure bonding process using an autoclave can be omitted, a series of processes can be carried out in continuous online production, making it possible to manufacture laminated glass with high productivity and at low cost.

(Example) The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples below.

[Preparation of plastisol]

Consisting of 92% vinyl chloride, 3% glycidyl methacrylate, and 5% ethylene, average particle size 1μ, average degree of polymerization 120
0 parts of epoxy group-containing vinyl chloride resin, 10 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 30 parts of dioctyl adipate,
4 parts of dibutyltin polymercaptide and 0.3 parts of 2,2'-methylenebis4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol are placed in a vacuum type high speed defoaming mixer and mixed and defoamed.

[Manufacture of laminated glass]

As an example of the manufacturing method of the present invention, a laminated glass was manufactured by the method shown in FIG.

First, a glass plate measuring 300 mm x 300 mm and 31 cm thick was washed and dried, and plastisol was applied to a thickness of 0.8 m/m using a screen coater. Then, it was degassed in a vacuum chamber (5 mmHg pressure in a vacuum tank), glass plates of the same size and thickness were glued together to avoid air bubbles, heated at 180°C for 30 minutes, and immediately pressed with a rubber roll and cooled. conduct,
A transparent laminated glass without bubbles was obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams of an apparatus for performing deaeration treatment in a reduced pressure chamber in the manufacturing method of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a process diagram in an embodiment of the present invention. The explanation of the symbols is as follows. 1: Glass plate coated with plastisol, 2: Entrance door,
3: Preliminary decompression chamber (normal pressure → reduced pressure), 4: Partition door, 5: Decompression chamber, 6: Preliminary chamber (reduced pressure → normal pressure), 7: Exit door, 8: Movable lid, 9: Conveyor, 11 Niglass plate, 12: Washing water, 13: Hot air, 14 Niclean coater 15: Plastisol, 16: Decompression chamber, 17: Heating furnace, 18: Pressure roll, 19: Laminated glass Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] A method for producing laminated glass, which comprises deaerating a glass plate coated with plastisol, then laminating a glass plate thereon and heat-pressing the glass plate.