JPH0365485B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0365485B2 JPH0365485B2 JP57127706A JP12770682A JPH0365485B2 JP H0365485 B2 JPH0365485 B2 JP H0365485B2 JP 57127706 A JP57127706 A JP 57127706A JP 12770682 A JP12770682 A JP 12770682A JP H0365485 B2 JPH0365485 B2 JP H0365485B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- measurement
- temperature measurement
- calculation means
- minutes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000036760 body temperature Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/42—Circuits effecting compensation of thermal inertia; Circuits for predicting the stationary value of a temperature
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01K13/20—Clinical contact thermometers for use with humans or animals
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 本発明は電子式の体温計に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to an electronic thermometer.
感温素子としてサーミスタを使用し、感温素子
で得られるアナログ的電気信号をデルタル値に
Ａ／Ｄ変換し、検温結果を数字表示器に表示する
電子式体温計が市場に見られる。電子体温計はそ
の“電子”という言葉のもつイメージから、一般
ユーザーには、高速で動くのであるから、検温に
用する時間が極めて小ないであろうという期待を
もつて見られる。しかしながら、国内の検温方式
として一般的な腋下検温では、サーミスタの時定
数、Ａ／Ｄ変換時間、ドローダウンと呼ばれる、
体表温度の１時的な降下などにより以上に、外気
温に近い腋下体表温度を、測定開始後、生体の脂
肪層を通して、伝達により蓄熱させて体温に到ら
せるのに多くの時間を費やすため、温度が収束す
るまで待たないで、上昇率から予測演算して、短
時間の検温を可能にしているケースが見られる。
上記推測式検温では、体温との誤差をいかに少な
くするかという点が技術的な問題であり、これを
解決する為演算式が種々考案されている。 There are electronic thermometers on the market that use a thermistor as a temperature sensing element, A/D convert an analog electrical signal obtained by the temperature sensing element into a delta value, and display the temperature measurement result on a numerical display. Because of the image associated with the word "electronic," electronic thermometers are viewed by general users with the expectation that since they move at high speed, the amount of time it will take to measure temperature will be extremely short. However, in armpit temperature measurement, which is a common temperature measurement method in Japan, there are various factors such as the thermistor time constant, A/D conversion time, and drawdown.
Due to the temporary drop in body surface temperature, it takes a long time for the underarm body surface temperature, which is close to the outside temperature, to accumulate heat by transmission through the body's fat layer and reach body temperature after the start of measurement. In some cases, temperatures can be measured in a short period of time by calculating predictions based on the rate of increase, rather than waiting until the temperature has converged.
In the above-mentioned inferential temperature measurement, the technical problem is how to reduce the error with body temperature, and various calculation formulas have been devised to solve this problem.
しかしながら、体温（実測値）と推測体温（演
算によつて得た値）の誤差を見るとき、一般使用
者がよく理解していない体温のソフト的問題を把
握しておく必要がある。すなわち、一般使用者
は、従来の水銀式温式によつて検温する場合、
「１分計」「３分計」という誤まつた検温をしてし
まう言葉や、使用中の温度上昇状態を把握できな
いことから、検温開始後３分〜５分で測定を打ち
切り、この時の温度を体温と認識し、自分の平熱
としてこれを記憶している場合が多い。ところ
が、実際の腋下温度を追跡してみると、検温開始
後10分後でも僅かながら温度上昇が継続しており
検温開始後15〜20分で、飽和して、もはやそれ以
上温度が上昇しないことが判る。 However, when looking at the error between body temperature (actually measured value) and estimated body temperature (value obtained by calculation), it is necessary to understand software problems related to body temperature that are not well understood by general users. In other words, when general users measure their temperature using the conventional mercury thermometer,
Due to the use of words such as "1 minute meter" and "3 minute meter" which can lead to mistaken temperature measurements, and because it is not possible to ascertain the rising temperature during use, the measurement was discontinued 3 to 5 minutes after the start of temperature measurement. Many people recognize temperature as body temperature and remember this as their normal body temperature. However, when we tracked the actual underarm temperature, we found that the temperature continued to rise slightly even 10 minutes after the start of the temperature measurement, and 15 to 20 minutes after the start of the temperature measurement, it reached saturation and the temperature no longer rose any further. I understand that.
正確な体温を腋下で検温する場合20分の計測が
必要であるにもかかわらず、常に３〜５分で検温
を中断して、その値を自分の体温と信じている使
用者に対して、測定時間が20分の正確な体温を、
推測演算で表示した場合、推測の計算が誤まつて
いるのではないかという疑いを持つ使用者が多か
つた。本発明上記使用者の誤解によるトラブルを
少くするためになされたもので、推測式演算を行
うに当つて、使用者が最も親しんでいる従来の水
銀式体温計による３〜５分の検温値を求める演算
式を採用するものである。これと並行して、正確
な体温をも演算できるようにしておき、スイツチ
の切り替えによつて、誤つた３〜５分の検温結果
から正確な体温を認識するのに役立てようとする
ものである。上記目的を達成するため、２つの推
測演算手段を有し、このうち第１の推測演算手段
には、検温開始後３〜５分の検温結果を演算せし
め、第２の推測演算手段には検温開始後充分時間
の経過した20分程度の飽和した体温を演算せし
め、これらの結果のどちらかを選択的に表示する
ことにした。 Even though it takes 20 minutes to accurately measure body temperature under the armpit, users always interrupt the temperature measurement after 3 to 5 minutes and believe that the measured value is their own body temperature. , Accurate body temperature in 20 minutes,
When displayed using guess calculations, many users suspected that the guess calculations were incorrect. This invention was developed in order to reduce the troubles caused by misunderstandings by users, and when performing inferential calculations, the temperature value measured within 3 to 5 minutes using a conventional mercury thermometer, which is the most familiar to users, is obtained. This method uses arithmetic expressions. At the same time, it is designed to be able to calculate accurate body temperature, and by flipping a switch, it is intended to be useful in recognizing accurate body temperature from erroneous 3-5 minute temperature measurement results. . In order to achieve the above purpose, there are two estimation calculation means, of which the first estimation calculation means is made to calculate the temperature measurement result 3 to 5 minutes after the start of temperature measurement, and the second estimation calculation means is made to calculate the temperature measurement result. We decided to calculate the saturated body temperature for about 20 minutes, a sufficient period of time after the start, and selectively display one of these results.
本発明の実施例につき、以下図面によつて説明
する。１はサーミスタとこれを保護するアルミ製
キヤツプより成る感温素子で、プラスチツクス製
中空軸により本体と接続してある。２は検温開始
時操作する電源ON−OFF用スライドスイツチで
ある。３は検温結果を表示する３−１／２デジツ
トの液晶表示器である。４はプラスチツクス製の
本体ケースで、内部には、温度測定回路などの回
路部品と、電源用ボタン電池（着脱自在）が、収
納してある。本体ケースの表面開口部に、前記表
示器３およびスイツチ２が、操作性を考慮し配設
してある。５は感温素子１の電気抵抗値から体温
を得るための測温回路で、リニア部と、Ａ／Ｄ変
換器と、クロツク信号発生部より成り、一定周期
で測定を実行する。６は最高値保持回路で測温回
路５でデジタル化された、間欠的測定結果の最高
値を記録している。７は第１の推測値演算手段
で、測温回路５の温度上昇推移から、従来の水銀
式体温計で３〜５分検温した場合の温度（正確な
体温に比べいく分低い値）と合致する演算を行
う。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a temperature sensing element consisting of a thermistor and an aluminum cap to protect it, and is connected to the main body through a hollow plastic shaft. 2 is a power ON/OFF slide switch that is operated at the start of temperature measurement. 3 is a 3-1/2 digital liquid crystal display that displays the temperature measurement results. 4 is a main body case made of plastic, and inside thereof, circuit parts such as a temperature measurement circuit and a button battery for power supply (removable) are housed. The display 3 and switch 2 are arranged in the surface opening of the main body case in consideration of operability. Reference numeral 5 denotes a temperature measuring circuit for obtaining body temperature from the electrical resistance value of the temperature sensing element 1, which is composed of a linear section, an A/D converter, and a clock signal generating section, and performs measurements at regular intervals. 6 is a maximum value holding circuit which records the maximum value of the intermittent measurement results digitized by the temperature measuring circuit 5. 7 is a first estimated value calculating means, which, based on the temperature rise trend of the temperature measurement circuit 5, matches the temperature (somewhat lower than the accurate body temperature) when the temperature is measured for 3 to 5 minutes with a conventional mercury thermometer. Perform calculations.
８は第２の推測値演算手段で、測温回路５の温
度上昇推移から、従来の水銀式体温計20分程度以
上の充分な検温により得られる体温と合致する演
算を行う。推測演算の方式は種々考案されている
が、本実施例では、温度上昇の勾配を検出し、こ
れが一定の値以下となつたとき所定の数値を上乗
せする方式とした。従つて、２つの推測値演算手
段７，８は、それぞれ、温度勾配の検出器と、加
算回路と、演算結果記憶回路を内部に有してい
る。 Reference numeral 8 denotes a second estimated value calculating means, which calculates, based on the temperature rise trend of the temperature measurement circuit 5, that the temperature matches the body temperature obtained by sufficient temperature measurement for about 20 minutes or more with a conventional mercury thermometer. Various estimation calculation methods have been devised, but in this embodiment, the gradient of temperature rise is detected, and when the gradient falls below a certain value, a predetermined value is added. Therefore, the two estimated value calculation means 7 and 8 each have a temperature gradient detector, an addition circuit, and a calculation result storage circuit therein.
９は２つの推測値演算手段のどちらか一つを選
択する選択手段で、体温計本体４の電源スイツチ
２に近い位置に設けてある。１０は、逐次検温結
果と、推測式体温のどちらか一つを表示器３に表
示させるためのセレクタで、通電後逐次検温結果
を選択するが、推測値確定（温度上昇勾配検出）
後、推測値演算手段７，８のどちらか一つを優先
的に表示せしめる。 Reference numeral 9 denotes a selection means for selecting one of the two estimated value calculation means, and is provided at a position close to the power switch 2 of the thermometer main body 4. 10 is a selector for displaying either the sequential temperature measurement result or the estimated body temperature on the display 3. After the electricity is turned on, the sequential temperature measurement result is selected, but the estimated value is confirmed (temperature increase gradient detection).
After that, either one of the estimated value calculation means 7 and 8 is displayed preferentially.
以上の構成を持つ電子体温計の使用時動作を次
に説明する。第３図は検温中の電子体温計表示値
とサーミスタ温度を示すグラフで、実線が表示値
破線がサーミスタ温度である。グラフは縦軸に温
度、横軸に時間を示してある。検温を開始すると
サーミスタ１は時間経過に従つて温度上昇し、電
子体温計はt1時間まで逐次温度表示する。視的に
はT1度に到る曲線に見えるが、厳密には周期的
なサンプリング測定であり、かつデジタルとして
の最小単位から階段状となる。t1は被検者の特性
に依るが、20秒〜90秒である。t1にて、温度上昇
勾配が所定の値となつたことを検出して第１の推
測値演算手段７ではT2を算出し、第２の推測値
演算手段８ではT3を算出する。選択手段９が第
１の推測値演算手段７を選択しているときは、そ
れまでの逐次サンプリング最高値保持回路６に替
つて、T2がセレクタ１０で選択され、表示器３
に表示される。被検者はt1時間経過後いつでも検
温中止してT2を読み取ることができる。仮に、
被検者が電子体温計を腋下から外さない場合、サ
ーミスタ温度は第３図破線のごとくt2（３〜５分）
時間経過後T2温度に達する。電子体温計と、従
来の水銀式体温計の温度上昇特性は基本的に変わ
りなく、水銀式体温計であつてもほぼ第３図破線
のごとくなる。また第２の推測値演算手段８はt1
時間にT3を算出し保持している。従つて、選択
手段９が第２の推測値演算手段８を選択している
ときは、表示器３にはT3を表示する。常時１０
分以上の腋下検温を実施している人や、正確な体
温というものを理解している使用者は第２推測値
演算手段８の演算結果T3を利用すればよく、従
来から３〜５分の検温を行つてそれを自己の平熱
と認識している使用者は、選択手段９の操作によ
つて３〜５分間検温の到達値である第１推測値演
算手段７の演算結果T2を選択表示させて、利用
すれば、より早く、正確な体温を測定できるだけ
でなく、誤つた検温（短かすぎる検温）に慣れた
使用者に対しても、従来の測定と同じ程度の誤り
を持つ体温（充分に飽和していない温度）をより
速く知ることができる。 The operation of the electronic thermometer having the above configuration when in use will be described next. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the electronic thermometer display value and thermistor temperature during temperature measurement, where the solid line is the display value and the broken line is the thermistor temperature. The graph shows temperature on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal axis. When temperature measurement is started, the temperature of the thermistor 1 rises over time, and the electronic thermometer sequentially displays the temperature until t1 hour. Visually, it looks like a curve reaching T 1 degree, but strictly speaking, it is a periodic sampling measurement, and it is step-like from the smallest digital unit. Although t1 depends on the characteristics of the subject, it is 20 seconds to 90 seconds. At t1 , it is detected that the temperature increase gradient has reached a predetermined value, and the first estimated value calculating means 7 calculates T2 , and the second estimated value calculating means 8 calculates T3 . When the selection means 9 selects the first estimated value calculation means 7, T2 is selected by the selector 10 in place of the previous sequential sampling highest value holding circuit 6, and the display 3
will be displayed. The subject can stop the temperature measurement and take a T2 reading at any time after t1 hour has elapsed. what if,
If the subject does not remove the electronic thermometer from the armpit, the thermistor temperature will be t 2 (3 to 5 minutes) as shown by the broken line in Figure 3.
After a period of time T 2 temperature is reached. The temperature rise characteristics of electronic thermometers and conventional mercury thermometers are basically the same, and even for mercury thermometers, the temperature rise characteristics are almost as shown by the broken line in Figure 3. Further, the second estimated value calculation means 8 calculates t 1
Calculate and hold T3 in time. Therefore, when the selection means 9 selects the second estimated value calculation means 8, the display 3 displays T3. Always 10
People who take armpit temperature measurements for more than 30 minutes or users who understand accurate body temperature can use the calculation result T 3 of the second estimated value calculation means 8. A user who has taken a temperature measurement for 3 to 5 minutes and recognizes it as his or her normal temperature, operates the selection means 9 to select the calculation result T 2 of the first estimated value calculation means 7, which is the reached value of the temperature measurement for 3 to 5 minutes. By selectively displaying and using this, you can not only measure body temperature more quickly and accurately, but also prevent users who are used to taking incorrect temperatures (temperature measurements that are too short) to the same degree of error as with conventional measurements. You can learn more quickly what body temperature you have (temperature that is not fully saturated).
本発明によれば、単に短時間で体温を知ること
ができるというだけでなく、従来３〜５分で検温
を中断し、本当の体温より低い値を自己の平熱と
認識している人に対しても、同レベルの測定結果
を与えることにより、電子体温計採用時のトラブ
ルをなくすことができる。 According to the present invention, it is not only possible to know the body temperature in a short period of time, but it is also possible to interrupt the temperature measurement after 3 to 5 minutes, which is useful for people who recognize a value lower than their true body temperature as their normal temperature. However, by providing the same level of measurement results, it is possible to eliminate problems when using an electronic thermometer.
第１図は電子体温計の外観図、第２図は本発明
の推測機能付電子体温計ブロツク図、第３図は温
度上昇と、表示値を示すグラフである。
１……感温素子、２……電源スイツチ、３……
表示器、５……測温回路、６……最高値保持回
路、７……第１推測値演算手段、８……第２推測
値演算手段、９……選択手段、１０……セレク
タ。
FIG. 1 is an external view of the electronic thermometer, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the electronic thermometer with estimation function of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a graph showing temperature rise and display values. 1... Temperature sensing element, 2... Power switch, 3...
Display device, 5... Temperature measurement circuit, 6... Maximum value holding circuit, 7... First estimated value calculation means, 8... Second estimated value calculation means, 9... Selection means, 10... Selector.
Claims (1)
度上昇推移から、被検者の体温を、２つの推測演
算手段によつて求めて表示する機能を持ち、第１
の推測演算手段は、水銀式ガラス体温計の測定開
始後３〜５分の検温結果に相当する演算を行わし
め、第２の推測演算手段は、水銀式ガラス体温計
の測定開始後充分時間経過後の検温結果に相当す
る演算を行わしめることを特徴とする電子体温
計。1. It has the function of determining and displaying the body temperature of the subject from the temperature rise trend, such as the temperature rise gradient or its rate of change, using two estimating calculation means.
The second estimation calculation means performs calculation corresponding to the temperature measurement result 3 to 5 minutes after the start of measurement with the mercury type glass thermometer, and the second estimation calculation means performs calculation corresponding to the temperature measurement result after a sufficient period of time has passed after the start of measurement with the mercury type glass thermometer. An electronic thermometer characterized by performing calculations corresponding to temperature measurement results.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57127706A JPS5918425A (en) | 1982-07-23 | 1982-07-23 | Electronic clinical thermometer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57127706A JPS5918425A (en) | 1982-07-23 | 1982-07-23 | Electronic clinical thermometer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5918425A JPS5918425A (en) | 1984-01-30 |
| JPH0365485B2 true JPH0365485B2 (en) | 1991-10-14 |
Family
ID=14966687
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57127706A Granted JPS5918425A (en) | 1982-07-23 | 1982-07-23 | Electronic clinical thermometer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5918425A (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS60263822A (en) * | 1984-06-11 | 1985-12-27 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co | Electronic clinical thermometer |
| JPS62165132A (en) * | 1986-01-16 | 1987-07-21 | Omron Tateisi Electronics Co | Electronic clinical thermometer |
| US4832599A (en) * | 1987-03-12 | 1989-05-23 | Abiomed, Inc. | Periodontal probe |
| US4962765A (en) * | 1987-03-12 | 1990-10-16 | Abiomed, Inc. | Diagnostic temperature probe |
| US5178467A (en) * | 1992-03-04 | 1993-01-12 | Chen Chean S | Clinic thermometer with soother |
| US7778791B2 (en) | 2005-07-12 | 2010-08-17 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Electronic clinical thermometer, method of controlling the same, and control program |
| JP4949648B2 (en) * | 2005-07-12 | 2012-06-13 | テルモ株式会社 | Electronic thermometer and its control method |
| US7507019B2 (en) | 2006-05-19 | 2009-03-24 | Covidien Ag | Thermometer calibration |
| US7549792B2 (en) * | 2006-10-06 | 2009-06-23 | Covidien Ag | Electronic thermometer with selectable modes |
-
1982
- 1982-07-23 JP JP57127706A patent/JPS5918425A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5918425A (en) | 1984-01-30 |
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