JPH036404B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH036404B2 JPH036404B2 JP14104881A JP14104881A JPH036404B2 JP H036404 B2 JPH036404 B2 JP H036404B2 JP 14104881 A JP14104881 A JP 14104881A JP 14104881 A JP14104881 A JP 14104881A JP H036404 B2 JPH036404 B2 JP H036404B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- air
- fluidized bed
- pipe
- pipes
- dampers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 8
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/28—Control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed, combustion apparatus
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
<産業上の利用分野>
この発明は流動層燃焼方法とその装置に係り、
特に流動層ボイラの負荷制御運転を効果的に行な
う方法とその装置に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a fluidized bed combustion method and apparatus,
In particular, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus for effectively carrying out load control operation of a fluidized bed boiler.
<従来の技術及びその問題点>
砂等の流動媒体を流動化させて流動層を形成し
この流動層中で燃料もしくは焼却物を燃焼させる
流動層装置は比較的難燃性の物質でも燃焼が良好
であることから最近各種の分野で利用されてい
る。この流動層装置にあつては層内の伝熱効率が
非常に良好なため層内に過熱器官、蒸発管等の伝
熱管を配置して熱回収を行ない、ボイラ(流動層
ボイラ)として利用する場合がある。しかし流動
層ボイラは熱回収効率が良好な反面負荷制御が困
難であるという問題がある。つまり流動層を形成
するためには負荷の多少にかかわらず一定量の燃
焼用空気(流動化空気)を供給せねばならず、流
動層の運転を継続するためには負荷をほぼ一定に
しておく必要がある。このため、流動層内を複数
のセルに区画し、このセルの運転数を調節するこ
とにより負荷制御を行なう方法が提案され実施さ
れている。この方法はダンパを閉止して運転を停
止するべきセルに対する空気の供給を停止して同
セル内を静止層とするものである。しかしダンパ
を二重にしても他のセルに供給すべき空気の一部
が停止中のセルに流入してしまい、静止層を形成
する媒体内に残留する熱により静止層内に残留し
た燃料がいわゆる「おき」(燠)燃焼をし、効果
的な負荷制御を行なうことが困難であつた。特に
EP灰と称する燃焼排ガス中の捕集煤塵を焼却す
る場合には「おき」燃焼によりEP灰が溶融固化
し、同セルの再起動が不可能のなるという事態が
生じている。<Prior art and its problems> Fluidized bed equipment, which fluidizes a fluidized medium such as sand to form a fluidized bed and burns fuel or incineration materials in this fluidized bed, is capable of burning even relatively flame-retardant materials. Due to its good properties, it has recently been used in various fields. In this fluidized bed device, the heat transfer efficiency within the bed is very good, so heat transfer tubes such as superheating devices and evaporation tubes are placed inside the bed to recover heat, and when used as a boiler (fluidized bed boiler). There is. However, although fluidized bed boilers have good heat recovery efficiency, they have a problem in that load control is difficult. In other words, in order to form a fluidized bed, a constant amount of combustion air (fluidized air) must be supplied regardless of the load, and in order to continue operating the fluidized bed, the load must be kept almost constant. There is a need. For this reason, a method has been proposed and implemented in which the fluidized bed is divided into a plurality of cells and the load is controlled by adjusting the number of cells in operation. In this method, the damper is closed to stop the supply of air to the cell whose operation is to be stopped, thereby making the inside of the cell a static layer. However, even if the damper is doubled, some of the air that should be supplied to other cells will flow into the stopped cell, and the heat remaining in the medium that forms the stationary layer will cause the fuel remaining in the stationary layer to It was difficult to carry out effective load control due to so-called "oki" combustion. especially
When incinerating the soot dust collected in the combustion exhaust gas called EP ash, the EP ash melts and solidifies due to "oki" combustion, making it impossible to restart the cell.
<発明の目的>
この発明は多孔板下に複数の独立した空気室を
設け、この多孔板上に形成される流動層を複数セ
ルに分割して運転可能とする流動層燃焼装置を、
運転休止する空気室に対応するセルが流動を保持
しつゝ「おき」燃焼がないようにする構造を提供
しかつその装置による容易な負荷制御運転をする
流動層燃焼方法とその装置を提案することを目的
とする。<Objective of the Invention> The present invention provides a fluidized bed combustion apparatus in which a plurality of independent air chambers are provided under a perforated plate, and the fluidized bed formed on the perforated plate can be divided into multiple cells and operated.
We propose a fluidized bed combustion method and device that provides a structure in which cells corresponding to the air chambers that are out of operation maintain fluidity and prevent "boiling" combustion, and that allows easy load control operation using the device. The purpose is to
<手段の概略>
要するにこの発明は、多孔板下に複数の独立し
た空気室を設け、前記多孔板上に形成される流動
層を複数セルに分割して運転可能にする流動層燃
焼装置において、前記複数の空気室に各々接続す
る空気管路を設け、これら空気管路には空気管路
ごとに開閉可能な2つのダンパが各々直列に設け
られ、前記2つのダンパの間の管路へ前記流動層
燃焼装置からの排ガスを導く排ガス管路を各々設
け、これら排ガス管路には開閉可能なダンパが設
けられていることを特徴とする流動層燃焼装置と
その燃焼方法である。<Outline of Means> In short, the present invention provides a fluidized bed combustion apparatus in which a plurality of independent air chambers are provided under a perforated plate and a fluidized bed formed on the perforated plate is divided into a plurality of cells for operation. Air pipes connected to each of the plurality of air chambers are provided, and each of these air pipes is provided with two dampers in series that can be opened and closed for each air pipe, and the air pipes are connected to the pipes between the two dampers. A fluidized bed combustion apparatus and a combustion method therefor are characterized in that exhaust gas pipes are provided for guiding exhaust gas from the fluidized bed combustion apparatus, and each of these exhaust gas pipes is provided with a damper that can be opened and closed.
<実施例>
以下この発明の実施例を図面により説明する。
第1図において流動層燃焼装置(以下単に流動層
ボイラと称す)1の流動層形成部は空気室2a,
3a,4a,5の多孔板上にそれぞれの空気室に
対応して4個のセルに流動層が分割され運転可能
にしてある。このうち5は起動セルであつて流動
層ボイラ起動時にはこの起動セル5のみを起動さ
せ、加熱した媒体を溢流などにより他のセルに流
入させ、他のセルを次々に起動させる。7はセル
2内に配置した加熱器官、8,9はセル3,4に
各々配置した蒸発管である。10は燃焼用空気
(流動化空気)を供給する送風機、11は燃焼ガ
スを空気室に再循環供給する再循環ガス供給用送
風機、12は記憶と指令信号を発する制御箱であ
る。<Examples> Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 1, a fluidized bed forming part of a fluidized bed combustion apparatus (hereinafter simply referred to as a fluidized bed boiler) 1 includes an air chamber 2a,
The fluidized bed is divided into four cells corresponding to the respective air chambers on the perforated plates 3a, 4a, and 5 to enable operation. Of these, 5 is a starting cell, and when the fluidized bed boiler is started, only this starting cell 5 is started, the heated medium is caused to flow into the other cells by overflow, etc., and the other cells are started one after another. Reference numeral 7 represents a heating device placed within the cell 2, and 8 and 9 represent evaporation tubes placed in the cells 3 and 4, respectively. 10 is a blower that supplies combustion air (fluidized air); 11 is a recirculation gas supply blower that recirculates and supplies combustion gas to the air chamber; and 12 is a control box that issues memory and command signals.
各空気室へ燃焼用空気を供給する室ごとの管路
には夫々開閉可能な2つのダンパが直列に、また
この下流に流量検知器が設けられ、これら2つの
ダンパ間の管路には管路18よりの燃焼ガスを供
給する開閉可能なダンパ付きの開循環燃焼ガス供
給用の管路を接続する。 Two dampers that can be opened and closed are installed in series in the pipe line for each chamber that supplies combustion air to each air chamber, and a flow rate detector is installed downstream of this damper. An open circulation combustion gas supply pipe with an openable and closable damper for supplying combustion gas from line 18 is connected.
以下この流動層ボイラの負荷制御方法を示す。
制御は手動にても行なえるが、制御箱12による
自動制御を例として説明する。 The load control method for this fluidized bed boiler will be described below.
Although the control can be performed manually, automatic control using the control box 12 will be explained as an example.
先ず流動層ボイラ1を全負荷運転する場合につ
いて示すと、排ガス再循環フアン11に接続する
排ガス導入管路13a,13b,13c,13d
に設けたダンパ14a,14b,14c,14d
は制御箱12の指令信号により全閉させる。一方
空気供給管路15a,15b,15c,15dに
設けたダンパ16a,16b,16c,16dは
全閉とし、各セルの下部の形成した空気室2a,
3a,4a,5a内に燃焼用空気を供給する。燃
焼用空気は多孔板20を経て多孔板20上に複数
の流動層のセルを形成する。各セル内に配置した
層内伝熱管は流動層の熱を回収して蒸気として取
り出し所定の機器に供給する。なおこの場合制御
箱12は流量検知器F1,F2,F3,F4により各セ
ルに供給する空気量を検知し、空気供給量が所定
の値となるよう流量調節ダンパ17a,17b,
17c,17dを調節する。 First, when the fluidized bed boiler 1 is operated at full load, the exhaust gas introduction pipes 13a, 13b, 13c, 13d connected to the exhaust gas recirculation fan 11
Dampers 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d provided in
is fully closed by a command signal from the control box 12. On the other hand, the dampers 16a, 16b, 16c, and 16d provided in the air supply pipes 15a, 15b, 15c, and 15d are fully closed, and the air chambers 2a and 16d formed at the bottom of each cell are
Combustion air is supplied into 3a, 4a, and 5a. The combustion air passes through the perforated plate 20 and forms a plurality of fluidized bed cells on the perforated plate 20. Intralayer heat transfer tubes placed in each cell recover heat from the fluidized bed, extract it as steam, and supply it to predetermined equipment. In this case, the control box 12 detects the amount of air supplied to each cell using the flow rate detectors F 1 , F 2 , F 3 , F 4 , and adjusts the flow rate adjustment dampers 17 a , 17 b , so that the amount of air supplied becomes a predetermined value.
Adjust 17c and 17d.
次に流動層ボイラの負荷を減少する場合にはセ
ル2ないし5の運転数を調節することにより行
う。例えばセル3の運転を停止する場合には、制
御箱12はダンパ16bを全閉とし、代りにダン
パ14cを全開とする。これにより燃焼ガス管路
18の燃焼ガスの一部は再循環管路19を経て再
循環フアン11に至り、さらに排ガス導入管路1
3cを経てセル3に至る。これにより、セル3内
には再循環燃焼ガスにより流動化し、層内に残留
した燃料はCO2の多い不活性の燃焼ガスであるこ
とから殆んど燃焼しない。これにより「おき」燃
焼により溶融する燃料による流動媒体の結合固化
は生じない。なお排ガス管路18にNOx検知器
21を設置して排ガス中の窒素酸化物濃度を検知
し、この濃度を制御箱12に入力し、この検知結
果に基づき制御箱12は運転中のセルに対する燃
焼用空気供給量を調節して低o燃焼をさせ排ガス
中の窒素酸化物濃度を減少させることができる。 Next, when the load on the fluidized bed boiler is to be reduced, this is done by adjusting the number of cells 2 to 5 in operation. For example, when stopping the operation of the cell 3, the control box 12 fully closes the damper 16b and fully opens the damper 14c instead. As a result, a part of the combustion gas in the combustion gas pipe 18 reaches the recirculation fan 11 via the recirculation pipe 19, and further reaches the exhaust gas introduction pipe 1.
It reaches cell 3 via 3c. As a result, the fuel inside the cell 3 is fluidized by the recirculated combustion gas, and the fuel remaining in the layer is an inert combustion gas containing a large amount of CO2 , so it is hardly combusted. As a result, the fluidized medium is not bound and solidified by the melted fuel due to "open" combustion. A NOx detector 21 is installed in the exhaust gas pipe 18 to detect the nitrogen oxide concentration in the exhaust gas, and this concentration is input to the control box 12. Based on the detection result, the control box 12 controls the combustion By adjusting the air supply amount, low o combustion can be achieved and the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas can be reduced.
以上の如く稼働運転セル数を調節することによ
り流動層ボイラの負荷制御を行なうことができ
る。 By adjusting the number of operating cells as described above, the load of the fluidized bed boiler can be controlled.
<発明の効果>
第1の発明を実施することにより静止層内に残
留した燃料が「おき」燃焼することを防止した効
果的な負荷制御運転が可能となつた。<Effects of the Invention> By carrying out the first invention, it has become possible to perform effective load control operation that prevents the fuel remaining in the stationary layer from burning.
また第2の発明に実施にかゝる装置により、運
転停止中のセルも流動状態を十分に保持すること
ができるので負荷増加に急速に対応することがで
きるので負荷制御が容易となつた。 Further, with the device according to the second aspect of the invention, even cells that are not in operation can maintain a sufficiently flowing state, so that it is possible to rapidly respond to an increase in load, making load control easier.
第1図はこの発明に係る方法を実施するための
流動層ボイラの断面および制御系統図である。
1……流動層ボイラ(流動層燃焼加熱装置)、
2a,3a,4a,5a……空気室、10……燃
焼用空気供給用送風機、11……再循環燃焼ガス
供給用送風機、12……制御箱、20……多孔
板。
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view and a control system diagram of a fluidized bed boiler for carrying out the method according to the present invention. 1...Fluidized bed boiler (fluidized bed combustion heating device),
2a, 3a, 4a, 5a... air chamber, 10... blower for supplying combustion air, 11... blower for supplying recirculated combustion gas, 12... control box, 20... porous plate.
Claims (1)
記多孔板上に形成される流動層を複数セルに分割
して運転可能にする流動層燃焼装置において、前
記複数の空気室に各々接続する空気管路を設け、
これら空気管路には空気管路ごとに開閉可能な2
つのダンパが各々直列に設けられ、前記2つのダ
ンパの間の管路へ前記流動層燃焼装置からの排ガ
スを導く排ガス管路を各々設け、これら排ガス管
路には開閉可能なダンパが設けられていることを
特徴とする流動層燃焼装置。 2 多孔板下に複数の独立した空気室を設け、前
記多孔板上に形成される流動層を複数セルに分割
して運転可能にする流動層燃焼装置の前記複数の
空気室に各々接続する空気管路を設け、これら空
気管路には空気管路ごとに開閉可能な2つのダン
パが各々直列に設けられ、前記2つのダンパの間
の管路へ前記流動層燃焼装置からの排ガスを導く
排ガス管路を各々設け、これら排ガス管路には開
閉可能なダンパが設けられている流動層燃焼装置
であつて、前記空気室に燃焼用空気を供給する空
気供給管路の数を負荷に応じて増減するととも
に、燃焼用空気の供給を中止した空気供給管路に
設けた2つのダンパの空気室側のダンパは開と
し、その上流側のダンパは閉とし、この2つのダ
ンパ間の管路に接続する管路に設けたダンパを開
として、前記流動層燃焼装置の燃焼排ガスを供給
し、この管に接続された空気室に対応する流動層
セル部の流動を維持する如くなしたことを特徴と
する流動層燃焼方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. A fluidized bed combustion apparatus in which a plurality of independent air chambers are provided under a perforated plate, and a fluidized bed formed on the perforated plate is divided into a plurality of cells for operation. Provide air pipe lines that connect to each air chamber,
There are two air pipes that can be opened and closed for each air pipe.
two dampers are each provided in series, and an exhaust gas pipe is provided for guiding the exhaust gas from the fluidized bed combustion apparatus to a pipe between the two dampers, and a damper that can be opened and closed is provided in each of the exhaust gas pipes. A fluidized bed combustion apparatus characterized by: 2. Air connected to each of the plurality of air chambers of a fluidized bed combustion apparatus that is provided with a plurality of independent air chambers under the perforated plate and is capable of operating the fluidized bed formed on the perforated plate by dividing it into a plurality of cells. pipes are provided, and two dampers that can be opened and closed for each air pipe are provided in series in each of these air pipes, and the exhaust gas from the fluidized bed combustion apparatus is guided to the pipe between the two dampers. A fluidized bed combustion apparatus is provided with pipes, each of which is provided with a damper that can be opened and closed, and the number of air supply pipes that supply combustion air to the air chamber is adjusted according to the load. The damper on the air chamber side of the two dampers installed in the air supply pipe where the supply of combustion air has been stopped is opened, the damper on the upstream side is closed, and the pipe between these two dampers is closed. A damper provided in the connecting pipe is opened to supply the combustion exhaust gas of the fluidized bed combustion apparatus, thereby maintaining the flow in the fluidized bed cell portion corresponding to the air chamber connected to the pipe. Fluidized bed combustion method.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP14104881A JPS5843312A (en) | 1981-09-09 | 1981-09-09 | Load controlling for fluidized bed boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP14104881A JPS5843312A (en) | 1981-09-09 | 1981-09-09 | Load controlling for fluidized bed boiler |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5843312A JPS5843312A (en) | 1983-03-14 |
JPH036404B2 true JPH036404B2 (en) | 1991-01-30 |
Family
ID=15283032
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP14104881A Granted JPS5843312A (en) | 1981-09-09 | 1981-09-09 | Load controlling for fluidized bed boiler |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5843312A (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59173608A (en) * | 1983-03-18 | 1984-10-01 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and apparatus for controlling temperature in fluidized bed incinerator |
JPS59173609A (en) * | 1983-03-18 | 1984-10-01 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Holding method of temperature in slump cell |
JPS60142101A (en) * | 1983-12-29 | 1985-07-27 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Operation method in case of increase of load of fluidized bed boiler |
JPS60169008A (en) * | 1984-02-10 | 1985-09-02 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Deposition preventing method of fluid medium in fluidized bed boiler |
JPS60134727U (en) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-09-07 | 日本製罐株式会社 | Partition plate for can mouth |
JPS6138312A (en) * | 1984-07-31 | 1986-02-24 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Starting and stopping method for partial load operation in fluidized bed combustion furnace |
JPS6143609U (en) * | 1984-08-20 | 1986-03-22 | バブコツク日立株式会社 | Fluidized bed combustion equipment |
JPS61231315A (en) * | 1985-04-04 | 1986-10-15 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | Fluidized-bed burner |
JPS61198811U (en) * | 1985-05-27 | 1986-12-12 | ||
JPS62198311U (en) * | 1986-05-30 | 1987-12-17 | ||
JPS63220953A (en) * | 1987-03-06 | 1988-09-14 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method for continuously casting pb-containing steel |
JPH04124917U (en) * | 1991-04-25 | 1992-11-13 | 東洋製罐株式会社 | easy to open can |
-
1981
- 1981-09-09 JP JP14104881A patent/JPS5843312A/en active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5843312A (en) | 1983-03-14 |
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