JPH0363499B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0363499B2 JPH0363499B2 JP59195717A JP19571784A JPH0363499B2 JP H0363499 B2 JPH0363499 B2 JP H0363499B2 JP 59195717 A JP59195717 A JP 59195717A JP 19571784 A JP19571784 A JP 19571784A JP H0363499 B2 JPH0363499 B2 JP H0363499B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- stretching
- clip
- clips
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006038 crystalline resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 Polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、クリツプ式テンター延伸機を用いた
横軸高配向フイルムの製造方法に関する。更に詳
しくは、熱可塑性樹脂の縦方向皺曲処理フイルム
のクリツプ式テンター延伸機による横方向の延伸
において、各クリツプ間の間〓に、その間隙より
も皺曲処理を行つたことで実質的に長い状態で存
在するフイルムが、延伸前の予熱および延伸時の
加熱により、その皺曲構造が解け、更に、延伸時
の張力により、クリツプ間〓からフイルム両端が
所定位置よりも内側に入り込み、フイルム把持部
と未把持部の延伸倍率に差が生ずることを防止し
て横軸高配向フイルムの製造方法に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a method for producing a highly horizontally oriented film using a clip-type tenter stretching machine. More specifically, in the transverse stretching of a longitudinally creasing film of thermoplastic resin using a clip-type tenter stretching machine, by creasing the space between each clip more than the gap between the clips, the film is substantially The long film is preheated before stretching and heated during stretching to loosen its wrinkled structure, and due to the tension during stretching, both ends of the film enter between the clips and inside the predetermined position, causing the film to become The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a film with high horizontal axis orientation by preventing a difference in stretching ratio between the gripped portion and the ungridded portion.
〔従来の技術〕
横軸高配向フイルムは、横(巾)方向への高い
一軸配向性を有することから横高強度高弾性フイ
ルムや偏光フイルムの基材フイルムとして、また
易横裂性を利用したスプリツトヤーン用原料フイ
ルム等の高度な分子配向が必要とされる用途に用
いられる。[Prior art] Highly oriented transversely oriented films have high uniaxial orientation in the lateral (width) direction, so they can be used as base films for lateral high strength, high elasticity films and polarizing films, and also because of their easy lateral tearability. It is used in applications that require a high degree of molecular orientation, such as raw material films for split yarns.
このような横軸高配向フイルムの製造方法はテ
ンター延伸機による方法が一般的であり、特に縦
(長手)方向に皺曲処理した未延伸フイルムを高
倍率に延伸する方法が良いことが知られている。
(例えば、特開昭55−77530号公報)
通常、横延伸フイルムを連続して製造するため
のテンター延伸方法としては、被延伸フイルム
の両端部を、末広がりに配置した2対の無端ベル
トで把持し、該ベルトを回転させることでフイル
ムを前方に移動すると同時に連続的に巾方向に伸
拡するベルト式テンター延伸方法、被延伸フイ
ルムの両端部を、フイルム単体あるいはフイルム
と共に補強用の線状物質を巻き込みビード状に加
工し、該ビード状部分が抜け出さない程度の2対
のスリツトを末広がりに配置し、その2対のスリ
ツト間を両端部にビード状部分を持つた該フイル
ムを通し、連続的に滑らせながら横方向に巾を伸
拡するスリツト式テンター延伸方法、被延伸フ
イルムの両端部を、進行方向に末広がりに拡幅し
ていく無端チエーンに配置されたピンに連続的に
刺し込みながら、連続的にフイルムを伸拡するピ
ン式テンター延伸方法、および、被延伸フイル
ムの両端部を、進行方向に末広がりに拡幅してい
く無端チエーンに連結されたクリツプに連続的に
把持させながら、連続的に伸拡するクリツプ式テ
ンター延伸方法が挙げられる。 A method for manufacturing such a film with high horizontal axis orientation is generally a method using a tenter stretching machine, and it is known that a method in which an unstretched film that has been wrinkled in the longitudinal (longitudinal) direction is stretched to a high ratio is particularly effective. ing.
(For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 55-77530) Usually, in a tenter stretching method for continuously producing a horizontally stretched film, both ends of the film to be stretched are gripped by two pairs of endless belts disposed so as to widen at the ends. A belt-type tenter stretching method in which the film is moved forward by rotating the belt and simultaneously stretched and expanded in the width direction continuously; The film is rolled up and processed into a bead shape, two pairs of slits are arranged so as to widen at the ends so that the bead-shaped portions do not come out, and the film, which has bead-shaped portions at both ends, is passed between the two pairs of slits, and the film is continuously processed. A slit-type tenter stretching method in which the width is expanded in the lateral direction while sliding the film, while continuously inserting both ends of the stretched film into pins arranged in an endless chain that expands the width in the direction of travel. The pin-type tenter stretching method continuously stretches and expands the film, and the stretched film is continuously gripped by clips connected to an endless chain that widens both ends of the film in the direction of travel. An example of this is a clip-type tenter stretching method that stretches and expands the material.
これらのテンター式延伸方法を、縦(長手)方
向に皺曲処理した末延伸フイルムを高倍率に延伸
する方法に応用する場合、ベルト式テンター延
伸方法においては、皺曲フイルムは2対のベルト
間に連続的に把持されながら加熱変形され、ベル
トの外側には皺曲構造が残るため、延伸張力がか
かつてもベルト把持部分より内側にフイルム端部
が抜け出すことが無く、安定状態で連続的に延伸
し横高配向フイルムを製造することが出来る。但
し、この方法の欠点は、ベルトによる把持強度に
限界があるため、高倍率の延伸には適さない。
スリツト式テンター延伸方法においては、ビード
状に加工した部分が延伸機時の張力により変形
し、スリツト内側に抜け出すことがあり、高張力
にて高倍率に延伸する方法には適さない。ピン
式テンター延伸方法の場合は、延伸時の張力によ
りピンに突き刺さつた部分からフイルムの破れが
生じるため、高張力にて高能率に延伸する方法に
は適さない。高張力の掛かる横延伸を行う場合
には、把持部の耐張力性に優れたクリツプ式テン
ター延伸方法が最も適していると言われている。
しかし、クリツプ式テンター延伸方法において
は、無端チエーンの拡がり角度にもよるが、通常
クリツプとクリツプの間には3〜10mm程度の間〓
がある。この部分は全く把持固定されないので、
延伸前の予熱および延伸時の加熱によりフイルム
の皺曲状態が解けること及び延伸時の張力によつ
て所定の位置より内側に入り込み、クリツプ把持
部と未把持部の延伸倍率に差が生じることとな
る。 When applying these tenter-type stretching methods to a method of stretching a partially stretched film that has been wrinkled in the longitudinal (longitudinal) direction to a high magnification, in the belt-type tenter stretching method, the wrinkled film is stretched between two pairs of belts. The film is heated and deformed while being continuously gripped by the belt, and a wrinkled structure remains on the outside of the belt, so even if stretching tension is applied, the edge of the film will not slip out inside the belt gripping area, and the film will be continuously held in a stable state. It is possible to produce a laterally high oriented film by stretching. However, the disadvantage of this method is that the gripping strength of the belt is limited, so it is not suitable for high-magnification stretching.
In the slit-type tenter stretching method, the bead-shaped portion may be deformed by the tension of the stretching machine and may slip out of the slit, making it unsuitable for stretching at high tension and high magnification. In the case of the pin-type tenter stretching method, the film is torn at the portion pierced by the pins due to the tension during stretching, so it is not suitable for a method of stretching with high tension and high efficiency. When performing lateral stretching under high tension, it is said that the clip-type tenter stretching method is most suitable because the gripping portion has excellent tensile strength.
However, in the clip-type tenter stretching method, there is usually a gap of about 3 to 10 mm between the clips, depending on the spread angle of the endless chain.
There is. This part is not gripped and fixed at all, so
Preheating before stretching and heating during stretching may unwrinkle the film, and the tension during stretching may cause the film to enter inside from a predetermined position, resulting in a difference in the stretching ratio between the clip-held portion and the unclipped portion. Become.
この未把持部分のフイルムが内側に入り込む程
度は、通常の平板フイルム(非皺曲処理フイル
ム)を延伸する場合は、通常のクリツプ式テンタ
ー延伸機を用いる限り、殆ど問題にはならない。
しかし、皺曲処理した延伸機を延伸する場合は、
この未把持部にフイルムが皺曲状態で存在するた
めに、フイルムの実長さはクリツプ間〓より長く
なる。例えば、皺曲率50%ならば10mmのクリツプ
間〓に実長20mmのフイルムが存在する。クリツプ
間〓の長さと皺曲したフイルムの実長さの差は皺
曲率が大きく成れば更に拡大する。クリツプ間〓
に存在する該クリツプ間〓よりも実質的に長い皺
曲フイルムは、延伸前の予熱および延伸時の加熱
によりその皺曲構造が解け、更に延伸時の張力に
よりクリツプ間〓から内側に入り込んでしまう。
そのため、把持部と未把持部での延伸倍了率の違
いによる配向度のばらつきが生じ、均一な品質を
有する横高配向フイルムを製造する場合に非常に
大きな問題になる。 The extent to which the ungridded portion of the film enters the inside is hardly a problem when a normal flat film (non-wrinkled film) is stretched, as long as a normal clip-type tenter stretching machine is used.
However, when stretching using a creasing-treated stretching machine,
Since the film is present in a wrinkled state in this unclipped portion, the actual length of the film is longer than the distance between the clips. For example, if the wrinkle curvature is 50%, a film with an actual length of 20 mm exists between 10 mm clips. The difference between the length between the clips and the actual length of the wrinkled film further increases as the wrinkle curvature increases. Between clips
The wrinkled film, which is substantially longer than the distance between the clips, will have its wrinkled structure loosened by preheating before stretching and heating during stretching, and will further penetrate inward from between the clips due to the tension during stretching. .
Therefore, variations in the degree of orientation occur due to the difference in stretching ratio between the gripped portion and the ungridded portion, which becomes a very serious problem when manufacturing a laterally highly oriented film having uniform quality.
本発明の目的は、縦方向に皺曲処理された熱可
塑性樹脂フイルムを、一般的なクリツプ式テンタ
ー延伸機を用いて延伸する方法において、各クリ
ツプ間の間〓に、その間〓よりも皺曲処理を行つ
たことで実質的に長い状態で存在するフイルム
が、延伸前の予熱および延伸時の加熱により、そ
の皺曲構造が解け、更に延伸時の張力によりクリ
ツプ間〓から内側に入り込むことを防止すること
によつて、均一な延伸倍率を有する横軸高配向フ
イルムを安定して収率よく製造する方法を提供す
ることにある。
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for stretching a thermoplastic resin film that has been subjected to a creasing treatment in the longitudinal direction using a general clip-type tenter stretching machine. As a result of the treatment, the film, which exists in a substantially long state, will have its wrinkled structure unraveled by preheating before stretching and heating during stretching, and will further penetrate into the inside from between the clips due to the tension during stretching. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for stably producing a film with a high horizontal axis orientation having a uniform stretching ratio and with a good yield.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するため鋭意検
討した結果、縦方向に皺曲処理された熱可塑性樹
脂フイルムの両末端部に加熱圧着処理を施した
後、クリツプ式テンターのクリツプによる把持し
延伸することが、該クリツプ間〓から該フイルム
未把持部分が内側に入り込むことを防止する方法
として有効であることを見出し、遂に本発明に到
つた。
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention have found that after carrying out a thermocompression process on both ends of a thermoplastic resin film that has been subjected to a longitudinally creasing process, the film can be gripped with the clips of a clip-type tenter. We have found that stretching is an effective method for preventing the ungridded portion of the film from entering inside from between the clips, and have finally arrived at the present invention.
即ち、本発明は縦(長手)方向に皺曲処理され
た熱可塑性樹脂フイルムをクリツプ式テンター延
伸機により横(巾)方向に延伸して高配向フイル
ムを製造する方法において、該フイルム両端の皺
曲処理部を加熱圧着処理により、該フイルムの中
央部より厚くすることを特徴とする横軸高配向フ
イルムの製造方法である。 That is, the present invention provides a method for producing a highly oriented film by stretching a thermoplastic resin film that has been wrinkled in the longitudinal (longitudinal) direction in the transverse (width) direction using a clip-type tenter stretching machine. This is a method for producing a film with a high horizontal axis orientation, characterized in that the curved portion is made thicker than the center portion of the film by heat-pressing treatment.
本発明によれば、各クリツプ間のクリツプ未把
持部の皺曲処理が解けることを防止でき、更に、
延伸張力が掛かかつた場合でもクリツプ未把持部
分やが所定位置よりも内側に入り込む現象を防止
することが出来る。そのため、均一な延伸が可能
となり、均一な延伸倍率を有する横軸高配向フイ
ルムを安定して製造することが可能となる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the unclamped portions between the clips from unraveling, and further,
Even when stretching tension is applied, it is possible to prevent the unclipped portion from entering inside the predetermined position. Therefore, uniform stretching becomes possible, and it becomes possible to stably produce a highly horizontally oriented film having a uniform stretching ratio.
本発明における熱可塑性樹脂フイルムは、熱溶
融成形あるいは溶液キヤスト成形等でフイルム状
に成形され、且つ、延伸可能なフイルムである。 The thermoplastic resin film in the present invention is a film that is formed into a film shape by hot melt molding or solution cast molding, and is stretchable.
例えば、ポリオレフイン、ポリエステル、ポリ
アミド、ポリアクリレート、ポリエーテル、ポリ
カーボネート、ポリスチレン等のホモポリマーま
たはコポリマーよりなるフイルムが挙げられる。 Examples include films made of homopolymers or copolymers such as polyolefin, polyester, polyamide, polyacrylate, polyether, polycarbonate, and polystyrene.
これらの厚みは通常0.01〜5mm、好ましくは
0.05〜2mmである。 The thickness of these is usually 0.01 to 5 mm, preferably
It is 0.05 to 2 mm.
本発明においては、延伸に先立ち上記熱可塑性
樹脂フイルムを縦方向に皺曲処理して横延伸に伴
う縦方向の抗張力を低減させる。 In the present invention, prior to stretching, the thermoplastic resin film is wrinkled in the longitudinal direction to reduce the tensile strength in the longitudinal direction that accompanies transverse stretching.
皺曲処理方法は、例えば、2対の歯車を噛み合
わせて、その間にフイルムを通過させてフイルム
縦方向断面形状として波形に皺曲する方法等の公
知の方法が採用できる。 As the creasing treatment method, a known method may be adopted, such as a method in which two pairs of gears are meshed, the film is passed between them, and the film is crumpled in a wave-like cross-sectional shape in the longitudinal direction.
皺曲度は、目的とする製品により異なるが、で
きるだけ高配向性にするためには原平板フイルム
の縦方向の長さに対して、延伸倍率の2乗根分の
1の見掛け長さ(平面投影長さ)になるよう皺曲
させることが望ましい。 The degree of wrinkling varies depending on the desired product, but in order to achieve as high orientation as possible, the apparent length (plane It is desirable to wrinkle it so that it becomes the projected length.
本発明においては、上記皺曲処理した未延伸フ
イルムの両端のクリツプによる未把持部分がテン
ター延伸により所定の位置より内側に入り込まな
いよう、未延伸フイルムの両端部を補強する。 In the present invention, both ends of the unstretched film are reinforced so that the portions of the crumpled unstretched film that are not gripped by the clips at both ends do not enter inside a predetermined position due to tenter stretching.
補強方法としては、例えば(イ)未延伸フイルムの
両端部に同種または異種の樹脂をフイルム状で積
層する、あるいは溶融もしくは溶液状で塗布、乾
燥する方法、(ロ)金属細線等の折り曲げ加工がで
き、しかも剛性のある材料を両端部に固着する方
法、(ハ)未延フイルム自身の厚みを、中央延伸部よ
りも両端未延伸部の方を厚くする方法等が挙げら
れる。本発明では、方法(ハ)がその処理の簡便さか
ら採用される。 Examples of reinforcing methods include (a) laminating the same or different types of resin in film form on both ends of an unstretched film, or applying it in melt or solution form and drying, and (b) bending thin metal wires. (c) A method in which the thickness of the unstretched film itself is made thicker in the unstretched portions at both ends than in the central stretched portion. In the present invention, method (c) is adopted because of its ease of processing.
(ハ)の両部部の厚みを厚くする具体的方法として
は、予め熱可塑性樹脂フイルムを製膜する時に
厚くしておく方法、あるいは、巾方向に均一な
厚みのフイルムを縦方向に皺曲処理した後、両端
部のみをフイルムの軟化点から軟化点+100℃の
温度範囲に加熱し、更に、加圧することで変形処
理を行い厚くする。例えば、結晶性樹脂の場合
は、Tg(ガラス転移点)〜Tn(融点)+10℃の温
度範囲、好ましくは、Tg(ガラス転移点)〜Tcc
(結晶化開始温度)の温度範囲に加熱し、加圧す
ることで変形処理を行う。(ハ)の方法の中でもの
加熱変形処理(加熱圧着処理)する方法が最も好
ましい。軟化点以下の温度では、加熱変形処理の
効果が不充分となり、延伸時の加熱及び延伸応力
により未把持部が所定の位置より内側に入り込む
こととなり好ましくない。また、軟化点+約100
℃の温度以上の温度では、加熱圧着時の樹脂の流
動性が高過ぎて目標とする厚さより薄くなること
があり好ましくない。 A specific method for increasing the thickness of both parts in (c) is to increase the thickness in advance when forming the thermoplastic resin film, or by creasing a film with a uniform thickness in the width direction in the vertical direction. After the treatment, only the ends of the film are heated to a temperature range from the softening point of the film to +100°C above the softening point, and then pressurized to deform and thicken the film. For example, in the case of crystalline resins, the temperature range is T g (glass transition point) to T n (melting point) + 10°C, preferably T g (glass transition point) to T cc
The deformation process is performed by heating to a temperature range of (crystallization start temperature) and applying pressure. Among the methods (c), the method of heat deformation treatment (heat compression bonding treatment) is the most preferred. If the temperature is below the softening point, the effect of the heat deformation treatment will be insufficient, and the ungrasped portions will move inward from a predetermined position due to the heating and stretching stress during stretching, which is not preferable. Also, the softening point + about 100
If the temperature is higher than .degree. C., the fluidity of the resin during thermocompression bonding may be too high and the thickness may become thinner than the target thickness, which is not preferable.
加熱圧着処理によるフイルム両端部の中央部に
対する厚み比は、2倍以上、好ましくは5倍以上
であり、その比が大きれば大きいほど望ましい
が、処理する作業性の点で上限は10倍程度であ
る。 The thickness ratio of both ends of the film to the center of the film by heat-pressing treatment is 2 times or more, preferably 5 times or more, and the larger the ratio, the better, but the upper limit is about 10 times in terms of processing workability. It is.
皺曲処理フイルムの両端部を、加熱圧着により
フイルム中央部より厚くする理由は次のとおりで
ある。端部が圧着処理されていない皺曲フイルム
をクリツプ式テンターに供給した場合、クリツプ
間〓に配置された皺曲フイルムの実長さが、クリ
ツプ間〓よりも実質的に長いために(例えば、皺
曲率50%ならばば10mmのクリツプ間〓に20mmのフ
イルムが存在する)、テンター延伸機における延
伸前の予熱および延伸時の加熱により皺曲状態が
解け、更に、延伸時の張力により各クリツプ間の
未把持部のフイルム端部が内側に入り込み、その
結果フイルムの延伸倍率がフイルム把持部と未把
持部の位置の違いにより変わつてしまい、延伸倍
率のばらつきの原因となる。そこで、クリツプ間
〓の所定の位置から皺曲フイルム端部が内側に入
り込むことを防止するために、延伸前に皺曲フイ
ルム両端部を、加熱時に皺曲が解けない程度にフ
イルムの厚み方向に加熱圧着処理することが必要
であり、平板状になるまで加熱圧着処理すること
がより好ましい。 The reason why both ends of the wrinkled film are made thicker than the center part of the film by heat-pressing is as follows. When a crumpled film whose ends are not crimped is supplied to a clip-type tenter, the actual length of the crumpled film placed between the clips is substantially longer than the length between the clips (for example, If the wrinkle curvature is 50%, there will be 20 mm of film between 10 mm of clips), the wrinkled state will be solved by preheating before stretching in a tenter stretching machine and heating during stretching, and the tension between each clip will be removed by the tension during stretching. The end of the film in the ungridded portion enters inside, and as a result, the stretching ratio of the film changes due to the difference in the position of the film gripping part and the ungripped part, causing variations in the stretching ratio. Therefore, in order to prevent the ends of the crumpled film from entering inside from a predetermined position between the clips, both ends of the crumpled film are stretched in the thickness direction of the film to the extent that the wrinkles do not come undone during heating before stretching. It is necessary to carry out a heat-pressing process, and it is more preferable to carry out a heat-pressing process until it becomes a flat plate.
具体的な加熱圧着処理方法は、皺曲フイルム両
末端、あるいは両末端部より僅かにフイルムの中
央部寄りであつて、クリツプ把持部よりもフイル
ム中央部に入り込まない位置を、巾1mm〜30mmの
範囲で、軟化点から軟化点+約100℃の温度範囲
に加熱されたロールあるいは連続駆動可能なプレ
ス機等により、一定押圧力で一定時間プレスを行
う。この時の押圧は加熱温度及び樹脂のヒートシ
ール性等によつて異なるが、通常は1〜50Kg/cm2
の圧力範囲である。例えば、結晶性樹脂の場合
は、Tg〜Tccの温度範囲であれば5〜50Kg/cm2の
範囲が好ましく、Tcc〜Tn+10℃の温度範囲で行
う場合は1〜10Kg/cm2の範囲が好ましい。これら
の圧力範囲より低圧の場合は、加熱変形処理の効
果が不充分となり、延伸時の加熱及び延伸応力に
より未把持部の所定の位置より内側に入り込むこ
ととなり好ましくない。また、これらの圧力範囲
より高圧でも差支えないが、加圧部の装置が大が
かりなものとなるので好ましくない。 The specific heat and pressure bonding method is to attach a 1mm to 30mm wide strip at both ends of the crumpled film, or at a position slightly closer to the center of the film than both ends, but not deeper into the center of the film than the clip gripping part. Pressing is performed at a constant pressing force for a certain period of time using a roll heated to a temperature range from the softening point to about 100°C above the softening point or a press machine that can be driven continuously. The pressure at this time varies depending on the heating temperature and heat sealability of the resin, but it is usually 1 to 50 kg/cm 2
pressure range. For example, in the case of crystalline resin, the range is preferably 5 to 50 Kg/cm 2 if the temperature range is T g to T cc , and 1 to 10 Kg/cm if the temperature range is T cc to T n +10°C. A range of 2 is preferred. If the pressure is lower than these pressure ranges, the effect of the heat deformation treatment will be insufficient, and the heat and stretching stress during stretching will cause the sheet to penetrate inside the predetermined position of the ungridded portion, which is not preferable. Further, although a pressure higher than these pressure ranges may be used, it is not preferable because the apparatus for the pressurizing section becomes large-scale.
加圧時間は加える圧力、延伸機の運転速度にも
よる各温度範囲ともに0.01秒〜10秒、好ましくは
0.05秒〜5秒程度である。0.01秒より短い時間で
は圧着効果が不充分である。作業能率に点で10秒
以内が好ましい。 The pressurization time depends on the applied pressure and the operating speed of the stretching machine, and is preferably 0.01 seconds to 10 seconds for each temperature range.
It is about 0.05 seconds to 5 seconds. If the time is shorter than 0.01 seconds, the crimping effect will be insufficient. From the point of view of work efficiency, it is preferable to take less than 10 seconds.
上記の方法で、皺曲処理および端部が加熱圧着
処理された未延伸フイルムは、クリツプ式テンタ
ー延伸機に供給され横延伸される。 The unstretched film whose ends have been subjected to the creasing treatment and the heat-pressing treatment in the above method is fed to a clip-type tenter stretching machine and is laterally stretched.
本発明に使用されるクリツプ式テンター延伸機
は、フイルムの両端部を把持するクリツプを有
し、進行方向に対し一定の角度で拡がりながらフ
イルムを連続して横方向に延伸する延伸部を有す
る通常の横延伸装置である。従つて、多数のクリ
ツプが3〜10mm程度の間〓で無端チエーンに連結
されている。そのクリツプ間〓は、延伸倍率と延
伸機の長さによつて定められる拡がり角度によつ
て異なるが、出来るだけ狭いクリツプ間〓のテン
ター延伸機を使用することが望ましい。 The clip-type tenter stretching machine used in the present invention usually has clips that grip both ends of the film, and a stretching section that continuously stretches the film in the transverse direction while spreading at a constant angle with respect to the direction of travel. This is a horizontal stretching device. Therefore, a large number of clips are connected to the endless chain by a distance of about 3 to 10 mm. The distance between the clips varies depending on the stretching ratio and the spreading angle determined by the length of the stretching machine, but it is desirable to use a tenter stretching machine with the narrowest possible clip distance.
横延伸条件は樹脂フイルム組成、最終製品の品
質設計および縦皺曲処理条件等により適宜選択さ
れる。通常は、Tg以上の温度、例えば、結晶性
樹脂では、Tg(ガラス転移点)−10℃〜Tcc(結晶
化開始温度)の温度範囲で倍率2倍以上、好まし
くは4倍以上の高倍率で延伸して横軸高配向フイ
ルムを製造する。更に必要に応じて、延伸機内の
熱処理部または他の熱処理機を用いて、アニール
処理を行いフイルムの歪み除去あるいは寸法安定
性の向上を図ることも可能である。 The transverse stretching conditions are appropriately selected depending on the resin film composition, quality design of the final product, longitudinal creasing treatment conditions, etc. Normally, the magnification is 2 times or more, preferably 4 times or more, at a temperature of T g or higher, for example, in the case of crystalline resins, in the temperature range of T g (glass transition point) -10°C to T cc (crystallization initiation temperature). A film with high horizontal axis orientation is produced by stretching at a high magnification. Furthermore, if necessary, it is also possible to perform an annealing treatment using a heat treatment section within the stretching machine or another heat treatment machine to remove distortion or improve dimensional stability of the film.
両端部が加熱圧着処理された皺曲処理フイルム
のクリツプ把持位置は、該加熱圧着処理部よりも
フイルム中央側の未加熱圧着処理部でも、加熱圧
着部とフイルム中央側の未加熱圧着処理部の両方
に架かつても、あるいは、加熱圧着処理部だけで
も構わない。つまり、クリツプ噛み込み位置を含
めて、そのクリツプ噛み込み位置よりも外側に加
熱圧着部分が存在していれば、クリツプ間〓のフ
イルム未把持部が内側に入り込み、フイルムの延
伸倍率を不均一なものにしてしまうことはなくな
るのである。 The clip gripping position of a crumpled film whose both ends have been heat-pressed is the unheated and crimped part located closer to the center of the film than the heated and crimped part, and the position between the heated and crimped part and the unheated and crimped part to the center of the film. It does not matter if it is mounted on both sides or only in the heat-pressing processing section. In other words, if there is a heat-pressed part outside the clip-biting position, including the clip-biting position, the ungridded part of the film between the clips will enter inside, causing the film's stretching ratio to be uneven. There will be no more turning it into something.
以下、実施例により本発明を更に詳しく説明す
る。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.
実施例 1
ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂(IVO.61)
をTダイ式押出機で製膜し、横(巾)方向の厚み
がほぼ均一になるよう耳端部をスリツトして巾
300mm、厚み150μmの実質的に非結晶のフイルム
を巻き取つた。この平板フイルム上に、縦方向に
長さ1000mmの線をフイルム全巾にわたり巾方向に
20mm間隔でマーキングした後、ピツチ8.5mm、深
さ7.5mmの歯車2本を噛み合わせたギヤーロール
に通し、同マーク長さを平面スケールで測定して
約550mmとなつた縦方向皺曲処理フイルムを作成
した。次いで、皺曲処理フイルムの両最末端部の
10mm巾部分に、180℃に加熱した表面に硬質クロ
ムメツキ処理を施した鉄板を5Kg/cmの圧で0.5
秒間押し当て、最大厚みが1mmとなるように熱変
形処理(加熱圧着処理)を行い、端部厚みを増加
させた皺曲フイルムを得た。これを予熱部80℃、
延伸部80℃および熱処理部190℃に加熱した状態
で、クリツプ式テンター延伸機(クリツプのフイ
ルム把持部形状は縦100mm×横15mm、クリツプ間
〓4mm)に供給し、圧着処理部より内側10mmの皺
曲フイルム部をクリツプで把持させ、延伸倍率率
設定5.0倍で横方向に延伸し、次いで熱固定して
厚み約50μmの横軸高配向フイルムを連続生産し
た。この時、クリツプ間〓への未延伸両端部の入
り込みはほとんど認められなかつた。フイルム全
巾に20mm間隔で行つたマーキングから読み取つた
実延伸倍率にはフイルム把持部と未把持部の違い
は見られず、一様に約5.2倍であつた。得られた
フイルムのクリツプ把持部分および未把持部分の
中央部フイルムについてのX線回折写真による結
晶(分子鎖軸)配向の測定結果からも、どちらも
スポツト状の回折点よりなる高度に1軸配向した
写真が得られた。また、アツベ屈折計による屈折
率の測定値より求めたフイルムの複屈折率は、ク
リツプ把持部分および未把持部分の中央部フイル
ムともに約0.20であつた。更に、縦方向のフイル
ムばらつきは±2μmと良好であつた。Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate resin (IVO.61)
A film is formed using a T-die extruder, and the edges are slit so that the thickness in the horizontal (width) direction is almost uniform.
A substantially amorphous film of 300 mm and 150 μm in thickness was wound up. On this flat film, a line with a length of 1000 mm is drawn in the width direction over the entire width of the film.
After marking at 20mm intervals, the film was passed through a gear roll made up of two meshed gears with a pitch of 8.5mm and a depth of 7.5mm, and the length of the marks was approximately 550mm when measured using a flat scale. It was created. Next, both extreme ends of the wrinkled film are
A 10mm wide part is heated to 180℃ and the surface is coated with hard chrome plating with a pressure of 0.5 kg/cm.
The film was pressed for seconds and subjected to heat deformation treatment (heat compression treatment) so that the maximum thickness was 1 mm, thereby obtaining a crumpled film with increased end thickness. Preheat this to 80℃,
The film is heated to 80°C in the stretching part and 190°C in the heat treatment part, and then supplied to a clip-type tenter stretching machine (the shape of the film gripping part of the clip is 100mm long x 15mm wide, the distance between the clips is 4mm), and the film is heated to 10mm inside from the crimping part. The wrinkled film portion was held with a clip, stretched in the transverse direction at a stretching ratio of 5.0 times, and then heat-set to continuously produce a film with a thickness of about 50 μm and highly oriented in the transverse axis. At this time, almost no intrusion of the unstretched ends into the gap between the clips was observed. The actual stretching magnification read from the markings made at 20 mm intervals across the entire width of the film showed no difference between the gripped and ungripped parts, and was uniformly about 5.2 times. The results of measuring the crystal (molecular chain axis) orientation using X-ray diffraction photographs of the center portion of the film in the clip-held and unclipped portions show that both are highly uniaxially oriented, consisting of spot-shaped diffraction points. A photograph was obtained. Further, the birefringence of the film determined from the refractive index measured using an Atsube refractometer was approximately 0.20 for both the central portion of the film in the clip-held portion and the unclipped portion. Furthermore, the film variation in the longitudinal direction was as good as ±2 μm.
実施例 2
実施例1における圧着処理位置をフイルム両末
端からそれぞれ内側10mmの位置とし、圧着処理幅
を15mmとし、且つ、その圧着処理部のみを把持さ
せた以外、実施例1と同一条件で横軸高配向フイ
ルムを連続生産した。この場合も実施例1と同様
の結果が得られた。Example 2 A film was crimped horizontally under the same conditions as in Example 1, except that the crimping positions in Example 1 were 10 mm inside from both ends of the film, the crimping width was 15 mm, and only the crimping portion was gripped. Continuously produced highly axially oriented films. In this case as well, the same results as in Example 1 were obtained.
実施例 3
実施例1における圧着処理位置がフイルム両末
端から内側10mmの位置とし、圧着処理幅を10mmと
し、且つ、把持位置を圧着処理部に加え処理部に
隣接する内側に5mm位置として以外、実施例1と
同一条件で横軸高配向フイルムを連続生産した。
この場合も実施例1と同様の結果が得られた。Example 3 Except for Example 1, where the crimping processing position was 10 mm inward from both ends of the film, the crimping processing width was 10 mm, and the gripping position was added to the crimping processing section and 5 mm inside adjacent to the processing section. A highly horizontally oriented film was continuously produced under the same conditions as in Example 1.
In this case as well, the same results as in Example 1 were obtained.
比較例 1
実施例1において、未延伸フイルムの両端の熱
板による変形処理(圧着処理)を行わなかつた以
外、実施例1と同様にして横延伸し、高配向フイ
ルムを作成した。この時、全クリツプ間〓への未
延伸両端部の入り込みが認められた。フイルム全
巾に20mm間隔で行つたマーキングから読み取つた
実延伸倍率はフイルム把持部で約5.2倍、未把持
部では約4.5倍と明確な違いが現れた。得られた
フイルムのクリツプ把持部分およびび未把持部分
の中央部フイルムについてのX線回折写真による
結晶(分子鎖軸)配向の測定結果からも、どちら
もスポツト状の回折点よりなる1軸配向した写真
が得られたが、クリツプ未把持部分の中央部フイ
ルムのX線回折写真の回折点がブロードな状態で
あり、配向度が悪いことが分かつた。また、アツ
ベ屈折計による屈折率の測定値より求めた中央部
フイルムの複屈折率は、クリツプ把持部分は約
0.20であり、未把持部分は0.15であり、明らかに
未把持部の配向度が悪いこと分かつた。更に、縦
方向のフイルムばらつきは±6μmもあり実施例よ
りも悪かつた。Comparative Example 1 A highly oriented film was produced by transverse stretching in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the deformation treatment (pressure bonding treatment) using a hot plate at both ends of the unstretched film was not performed. At this time, it was observed that both unstretched ends entered between all the clips. The actual stretching magnification read from the markings made at 20 mm intervals across the entire width of the film was approximately 5.2 times in the gripped portion of the film, and approximately 4.5 times in the ungripped portion, showing a clear difference. The results of measuring the crystal (molecular chain axis) orientation by X-ray diffraction photographs of the center portion of the film in the clip-held portion and the unclipped portion of the obtained film also show that both have a uniaxial orientation consisting of spot-like diffraction points. A photograph was obtained, but it was found that the diffraction points in the X-ray diffraction photograph of the central part of the film in the unclipped portion were in a broad state, indicating that the degree of orientation was poor. In addition, the birefringence of the central film, determined from the refractive index measurements using an Atsube refractometer, is approximately
0.20, and the ungrasped portion was 0.15, which clearly showed that the degree of orientation of the ungrasped portion was poor. Furthermore, the film variation in the longitudinal direction was as much as ±6 μm, which was worse than in the example.
本発明によれば、クリツプ式テンター延伸機の
クリツプ間〓に在る皺曲フイルムが、該延伸機で
の延伸前の予熱および延伸時の加熱により皺曲処
理が解け、更に延伸張力が掛かることでクリツプ
未把持部分のフイルム端部が所定位置よりも内側
に入り込む現象を防止することが出来る。そのた
め、延伸倍率のバラツキがなくなり、特に光学的
均一性が要求される用途、例えば、偏光フイルム
や位相差補償板等に有用な横軸高配向フイルムを
安定して製造することが可能となる。
According to the present invention, the wrinkled film existing between the clips of a clip-type tenter stretching machine is unwrinkled by preheating before stretching in the stretching machine and heating during stretching, and further stretching tension is applied. This can prevent the unclipped portion of the film from entering inside the predetermined position. Therefore, there is no variation in the stretching ratio, and it becomes possible to stably produce a film with a high horizontal axis orientation, which is useful for applications that particularly require optical uniformity, such as polarizing films and retardation compensators.
Claims (1)
脂フイルムをクリツプ式テンター延伸機により横
(巾)方向に延伸して高配向フイルムを製造する
方法において、該フイルム両端の皺曲処理部を加
熱圧着処理により、該フイルムの中央部より厚く
することを特徴とする横軸高配向フイルムの製造
方法。1. In a method for producing a highly oriented film by stretching a thermoplastic resin film that has been wrinkle-treated in the longitudinal (longitudinal) direction in the transverse (width) direction using a clip-type tenter stretching machine, the wrinkle-treated portions at both ends of the film are 1. A method for producing a film with a high transverse axis orientation, the method comprising making the film thicker than the center portion thereof by heat-pressing treatment.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59195717A JPS6174821A (en) | 1984-09-20 | 1984-09-20 | Manufacture of highly-oriented film in traverse direction |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP59195717A JPS6174821A (en) | 1984-09-20 | 1984-09-20 | Manufacture of highly-oriented film in traverse direction |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6174821A JPS6174821A (en) | 1986-04-17 |
JPH0363499B2 true JPH0363499B2 (en) | 1991-10-01 |
Family
ID=16345792
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP59195717A Granted JPS6174821A (en) | 1984-09-20 | 1984-09-20 | Manufacture of highly-oriented film in traverse direction |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6174821A (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4286920B2 (en) * | 1997-10-09 | 2009-07-01 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Picture-forming sheet |
JP4176182B2 (en) * | 1998-03-13 | 2008-11-05 | 帝人化成株式会社 | Film production method |
JP4900032B2 (en) * | 2007-05-15 | 2012-03-21 | 東洋紡績株式会社 | Method for producing polyimide film |
JP4967797B2 (en) * | 2007-05-15 | 2012-07-04 | 東洋紡績株式会社 | Method for producing polyimide film |
JP4900033B2 (en) * | 2007-05-15 | 2012-03-21 | 東洋紡績株式会社 | Method for producing polyimide film |
JP6836849B2 (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2021-03-03 | 日東電工株式会社 | Method for manufacturing optically anisotropic film |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS54100469A (en) * | 1978-01-25 | 1979-08-08 | Toshiba Machine Co Ltd | Tranverse stretching of polyvinyl alcohol base sheet |
JPS5577530A (en) * | 1978-12-08 | 1980-06-11 | Polymer Processing Res Inst | Method of producing film uniaxially stretched in widthwise direction |
JPS55118832A (en) * | 1979-03-06 | 1980-09-12 | Toray Ind Inc | Method of making thermoplastic resin film |
JPS5867417A (en) * | 1981-09-23 | 1983-04-22 | モプレフアン・ソシエタ・パ−・アシオネ | Reticulate opening method for film fibrillation-treated |
-
1984
- 1984-09-20 JP JP59195717A patent/JPS6174821A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS54100469A (en) * | 1978-01-25 | 1979-08-08 | Toshiba Machine Co Ltd | Tranverse stretching of polyvinyl alcohol base sheet |
JPS5577530A (en) * | 1978-12-08 | 1980-06-11 | Polymer Processing Res Inst | Method of producing film uniaxially stretched in widthwise direction |
JPS55118832A (en) * | 1979-03-06 | 1980-09-12 | Toray Ind Inc | Method of making thermoplastic resin film |
JPS5867417A (en) * | 1981-09-23 | 1983-04-22 | モプレフアン・ソシエタ・パ−・アシオネ | Reticulate opening method for film fibrillation-treated |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS6174821A (en) | 1986-04-17 |
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