JPH0361171B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0361171B2 JPH0361171B2 JP59118466A JP11846684A JPH0361171B2 JP H0361171 B2 JPH0361171 B2 JP H0361171B2 JP 59118466 A JP59118466 A JP 59118466A JP 11846684 A JP11846684 A JP 11846684A JP H0361171 B2 JPH0361171 B2 JP H0361171B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- conductive film
- counter electrode
- display
- electrode
- display element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001512 metal fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003115 supporting electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 SiO 2 Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N SnO2 Inorganic materials O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003411 electrode reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);iron(3+);octadecacyanide Chemical compound [Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCYOBGZUOMKFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011356 non-aqueous organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960003351 prussian blue Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013225 prussian blue Substances 0.000 description 1
- DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazoline Chemical compound C1CN=NC1 DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KBLZDCFTQSIIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;perchlorate Chemical group [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC KBLZDCFTQSIIOH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910000314 transition metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes
Description
産業上の利用分野
本発明は時計、計測器、家電機器などの各種表
示用として利用されるエレクトロクロミツク表示
素子に関するものである。
従来例の構成とその問題点
受光型デイスプレイの１つである液晶と比較し
て、エレクトロクロミツクデイスプレイは視角依
存性がなく、色が明かるく鮮明であるという特徴
がある。エレクトロクロミツク材料は、無機物系
と有機物系の２つに分類される。無機物系として
は遷移金属酸化物、特にWO3がよく知られてい
る。有機物系としてはビオローゲン、アントラキ
ノン、ピラゾリンやスチリル系類似化合物の色素
が知られている。その他に近頃は、フタロシアン
やプルシアンブルーのような錯体あるいは導電性
高分子の薄膜の利用が発表されている。
WO3の透明電極上に蒸着法などにより薄膜が
形成されて、対極間に電解液や誘電体膜などが設
けられることによつて素子が形成される。WO3
の実用上の問題としては、表示寿命のほかに、表
示セグメント間の色ムラと着色の色がブルー系の
一色のみであるということである。また、表示寿
命の改善と関連して、一般に対極反応の安定化の
ために対極材料に工夫がいり、かつ反射板等も素
子の中に組み込まなければならないという問題が
ある。
一方、有機物系の色素は無機物系の材料と比較
して、着色種の多様化の可能性を有するが、一般
に表示寿命に問題をもつている。
ビオローゲン系の色素は、発消色に応じて、色
素の溶媒に対する不溶と可溶の現象が伴うが、こ
の可逆性の問題が表示寿命に大きく影響してい
る。また、色素の酸化還元反応により消発色現象
が生じるわけであるが、これらの反応にはイオン
が関与しているため、イオンが透明電極等に悪影
響を及ぼす場合があり、かつ消費電力が大きいと
いう問題がある。その他の有機系の色素や錯体に
ついても同様な問題をかかえている。
現状のエレクトロクロミツクデイスプレイが液
晶デイスプレイと比較して劣る特性は表示寿命と
応答速度の特性である。本出願人は前にエレクト
ロクロミツク材料としてスチリル類似化合物の一
種である色素を用いたエレクトロクロミツク表示
素子を提案した。そのエレクトロクロミツク表示
素子の基本構造を第１図にしめす。１はガラス基
板、２は表示極、３は対極、４は封着材、５は表
示可能物質をしめす。ガラス基板１は少くとも一
方が透明である材料であればよい。表示極２、及
び対極３の電極材料としては、In2O3やSnO2のよ
うな透明電極が用いられる。面積としては表示極
２の方が対極３より小さい。封着材４としてはエ
ポキシ樹脂や低融点ガラスや半田などが使われ
る。表示可能物質５としては色素は非水系有機溶
媒に支持電解質とともに溶解した溶液である。か
かる素子構造において、表示寿命を決める要因
は、表示可能物質５などに含まれる不純物などに
よるものなどいくつかの要因があるが、対極３材
料の電気化学反応による変質も１つの要因になつ
ている。すなわち表示極２及び対極３を形成する
透明電極はIn2O3等のような金属酸化物であるた
め、還元反応をうけやすく、還元反応によつて、
Ｏ原子の離脱があつて、溶液内の成分を酸化した
りして表示寿命に悪影響を及ぼす。電流値が大き
いほど電極は還元をうけやすい。特に対極３の変
質が問題となる。そこで対極３の電流密度の分布
を調べたところ、第１図にしめした、Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ
の領域に分けた場合、全電流のうちＡの領域がし
める割り合いが70％、Ｂの領域が20％、Ｃの領域
が10％程度となり、Ａ領域が著しく還元され表示
寿命の劣化がみられた。
この欠点を解消するために第２図に示す構造の
エレクトロクロミツク表示素子が提案された。本
構成は基本的には第１図と同様の構造をしてお
り、電導膜６の、表示極２に対向する部分に絶縁
膜７を設け、電導膜６と絶縁膜７とで対極３を構
成した点が異なる。本例においては電流の低減下
と発色濃度の向上がはかられ、表示寿命の改善が
できた。しかしながら、まだ絶縁膜７の付近は局
所的に電流密度が大きい部分があるらしく電導膜
６自身が反応により侵されることがあり、表示寿
命の点で未だ充分とはいえない。
またこれらエレクトロクロミツク表示素子にお
いて、表示極２と対極３間に直流電圧を表示極２
が＋側になるように、印加すると発色濃度と電流
の時間に対する変化は第３図のようになる。ａは
印加電圧、ｂは発色濃度、ｃは電流値の時間的変
化を示す。第３図ｂに示した、発色濃度が飽和に
達するまでの時間t1を短くして応答速度を速くす
ることも必要である。
発明の目的
本発明は上記従来の問題点を解決するもので、
エレクトロクロミツク表示素子の応答速度と表示
寿命を改善することを目的とする。
発明の構成
本発明は上記目的を達成するもので、少なくと
も一方が透明で、互いに対向して設けられた２枚
の基板の一方に表示電極、他方に対向電極を設
け、前記対向電極が、絶縁膜を第１及び第２の電
導膜で挾持した構造を有するエレクトロクロミツ
ク表示素子を提供するものである。
実施例の説明
以下に本発明の実施例を図面を用いて説明す
る。第４図に本発明の一実施例におけるエレクト
ロクロミツク表示素子の断面図を示す。
図において１はガラス板、２はIn2O3やSnO2の
ような透明電極からなる表示極、３は本実施例の
特徴部分である対極、４はエポキシ樹脂や低融点
ガラスや半田などからなる封着材、５はエレクト
ロクロミツク物質を含む溶液又は表示極２の表面
に設けられたエレクトロクロミツク膜と電解質と
の組合わせよりなる表示可能物質、６はガラス板
１上に形成された第１の電導膜、７は第１の電導
膜６上の、表示極２に対向する領域を覆つて形成
された絶縁膜で、８は前記絶縁膜７及び第１の電
導膜８の表面を覆つて形成された第２の電導膜で
あり、本実施例では、第１の電導膜６、絶縁膜７
及び第２の電導膜８で対極３を構成している。か
かる構成のエレクトロクロミツク表示素子の特性
の特徴は第３図ｂの発色濃度の立ち上がり時間t1
が短くなる、すなわち、応答特性がよくなること
と、対極材料の電気化学反応による侵食が減少で
き、表示寿命が改善できることである。第３図ｃ
における電流値i1は第２の電導膜８をもうけるこ
とにより若干増大するが、電流密度の分布が均一
化する効果が大きいため、表示寿命が改善でき
る。
本実施例の第１の電動膜６としてはIn2O3、
In2O3−SnO2あるいはSnO2を主成分とする透明
電導膜が製膜の容易さやコストの面から言つても
使いやすい。絶縁膜７としては金属酸化物（例え
ばSiO2、Al2O3、BaTiO3等）、金属弗化物（例え
ばCaF2、MgF2等）、金属窒化物（Si3N4等）など
が好適であり、絶縁膜７は表示極２と同形状であ
ることが望ましい。
第２の電導膜８としては第１の電導膜６と同じ
透明電導膜が使用できる。またコストの面と膜厚
による金属色の制御に若干のむずかしさはある
が、溶液等との接触による電気化学反応の安定性
の面から、貴金属であるAu、Pt、Ag等を用いた
方が有利である。さらに具体的に述べる。
第４図に示した構造を有し、対極３を構成する
第１の電導膜６がIn2O3−SnO2で500Å、絶縁膜
７がSiO2で500Å、さらに第２の電導膜８を
In2O3−SnO2で500Åの厚みで設けた。
表示可能物質５のエレクトロクロミツク材料は
スチリル類似化合物の色素の１つである３，３−
ジメチル−２−（Ｐ−ジメチルスチリル）インド
リノ〔2.1−ｂ〕オキサゾリンであり、支持電解
質はテトラブチルアンモニウムパークロレイト、
溶媒はアセトニトリルを用いた。色素と支持電解
質の濃度はそれぞれ0.02M／、0.1M／であ
る。
かかる構成の素子と第１図及び第２図で示した
素子の表示特性の比較を下表に示す。
INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION FIELD The present invention relates to an electrochromic display element used for various displays such as watches, measuring instruments, and home appliances. Conventional configurations and their problems Compared to liquid crystal displays, which are one type of light-receiving display, electrochromic displays have no viewing angle dependence and are characterized by bright and clear colors. Electrochromic materials are classified into two types: inorganic and organic. Transition metal oxides, especially WO 3 , are well known as inorganic materials. As organic substances, dyes such as viologen, anthraquinone, pyrazoline, and styryl-based compounds are known. In addition, the use of thin films of complexes or conductive polymers such as phthalocyanine and Prussian blue has recently been announced. A thin film is formed on a transparent electrode of WO 3 by vapor deposition or the like, and an electrolytic solution, a dielectric film, etc. are provided between the counter electrodes to form an element. WO 3
In addition to the display lifespan, practical problems include color unevenness between display segments and the fact that the coloring is only one blue color. In addition, in connection with improving display life, there is a problem in that, in general, counter electrode materials must be devised in order to stabilize the counter electrode reaction, and a reflector or the like must also be incorporated into the element. On the other hand, compared to inorganic materials, organic dyes have the possibility of diversifying coloring types, but generally have a problem with display life. Viologen dyes are subject to the phenomenon of insolubility and solubility in solvents depending on whether the color develops or disappears, and this reversibility problem greatly affects display life. In addition, color fading and coloring phenomena occur due to redox reactions of dyes, but since ions are involved in these reactions, ions can have a negative effect on transparent electrodes, etc., and they also consume a lot of power. There's a problem. Similar problems exist with other organic dyes and complexes. The characteristics that current electrochromic displays are inferior to liquid crystal displays are display life and response speed. The present applicant has previously proposed an electrochromic display element using a dye, which is a type of styryl-like compound, as an electrochromic material. The basic structure of the electrochromic display element is shown in Figure 1. 1 is a glass substrate, 2 is a display electrode, 3 is a counter electrode, 4 is a sealing material, and 5 is a displayable substance. The glass substrate 1 may be made of a material in which at least one side is transparent. As electrode materials for the display electrode 2 and the counter electrode 3, transparent electrodes such as In 2 O 3 and SnO 2 are used. In terms of area, the display electrode 2 is smaller than the counter electrode 3. As the sealing material 4, epoxy resin, low melting point glass, solder, etc. are used. The displayable substance 5 is a solution in which a dye is dissolved in a non-aqueous organic solvent together with a supporting electrolyte. In such an element structure, there are several factors that determine the display life, such as impurities contained in the displayable substance 5, etc., but alteration of the counter electrode 3 material due to electrochemical reaction is also one of the factors. . That is, since the transparent electrodes forming the display electrode 2 and the counter electrode 3 are metal oxides such as In 2 O 3 , they are easily susceptible to reduction reactions, and due to the reduction reactions,
O atoms are removed and components in the solution are oxidized, which adversely affects the display life. The larger the current value, the more easily the electrode is subject to reduction. In particular, the alteration of the counter electrode 3 becomes a problem. Therefore, when we investigated the current density distribution of counter electrode 3, we found that A, B, and C shown in Figure 1.
When divided into regions, the ratio of the total current to region A is 70%, region B is 20%, and region C is about 10%, so that region A is significantly reduced and the display life is deteriorated. It was done. In order to overcome this drawback, an electrochromic display element having the structure shown in FIG. 2 was proposed. This configuration basically has the same structure as that shown in FIG. The structure is different. In this example, the display life was improved by reducing the current and improving the color density. However, it seems that there are still areas near the insulating film 7 where the current density is locally high, and the conductive film 6 itself may be attacked by the reaction, so the display life is still not sufficient. In addition, in these electrochromic display elements, a DC voltage is applied between the display electrode 2 and the counter electrode 3.
When the voltage is applied so that the voltage is on the + side, the color density and the current change over time are as shown in FIG. a represents the applied voltage, b represents the color density, and c represents the temporal change in current value. It is also necessary to shorten the time t1 until the color density reaches saturation, as shown in FIG. 3b, to increase the response speed. Purpose of the invention The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems.
The purpose is to improve the response speed and display life of electrochromic display elements. Structure of the Invention The present invention achieves the above object, and includes two substrates, at least one of which is transparent and provided facing each other, a display electrode is provided on one side, and a counter electrode is provided on the other, and the counter electrode is insulated. The present invention provides an electrochromic display element having a structure in which a film is sandwiched between first and second conductive films. DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Examples of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of an electrochromic display element according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a glass plate, 2 is a display electrode made of a transparent electrode such as In 2 O 3 or SnO 2 , 3 is a counter electrode which is a characteristic part of this embodiment, and 4 is made of epoxy resin, low melting point glass, solder, etc. a sealing material 5 formed on a solution containing an electrochromic substance or a displayable material formed of a combination of an electrochromic film and an electrolyte provided on the surface of the display electrode 2; and 6 formed on a glass plate 1; A first conductive film 7 is an insulating film formed to cover a region facing the display electrode 2 on the first conductive film 6, and 8 is an insulating film formed on the surface of the insulating film 7 and the first conductive film 8 This is a second conductive film formed to cover the first conductive film 6 and the insulating film 7 in this embodiment.
The counter electrode 3 is composed of the second conductive film 8 and the second conductive film 8 . The characteristics of the electrochromic display element having such a configuration are as follows: the rise time t 1 of the color density shown in FIG.
In other words, the response characteristics are improved, erosion of the counter electrode material due to electrochemical reactions can be reduced, and the display life can be improved. Figure 3c
Although the current value i 1 in is slightly increased by providing the second conductive film 8, the effect of making the current density distribution uniform is large, so that the display life can be improved. The first electric membrane 6 of this embodiment is In 2 O 3 ,
A transparent conductive film containing In 2 O 3 −SnO 2 or SnO 2 as a main component is easy to use in terms of ease of film formation and cost. Suitable materials for the insulating film 7 include metal oxides (e.g., SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , BaTiO 3 , etc.), metal fluorides (e.g., CaF 2 , MgF 2 , etc.), metal nitrides (e.g., Si 3 N 4 ), and the like. It is desirable that the insulating film 7 has the same shape as the display electrode 2. As the second conductive film 8, the same transparent conductive film as the first conductive film 6 can be used. Although it is somewhat difficult to control the metal color due to cost and film thickness, it is preferable to use noble metals such as Au, Pt, and Ag from the standpoint of stability of electrochemical reactions upon contact with solutions. is advantageous. Let me be more specific. It has the structure shown in FIG. 4, in which the first conductive film 6 constituting the counter electrode 3 is made of In 2 O 3 -SnO 2 with a thickness of 500 Å, the insulating film 7 is made of SiO 2 with a thickness of 500 Å, and the second conductive film 8 is made of SiO 2 with a thickness of 500 Å.
It was made of In 2 O 3 -SnO 2 with a thickness of 500 Å. The electrochromic material of displayable substance 5 is 3,3-, which is one of the dyes of styryl-like compounds.
dimethyl-2-(P-dimethylstyryl)indolino[2.1-b]oxazoline, and the supporting electrolyte is tetrabutylammonium perchlorate,
Acetonitrile was used as the solvent. The concentrations of the dye and supporting electrolyte are 0.02M/ and 0.1M/, respectively. The table below shows a comparison of the display characteristics of the device having such a configuration and the device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
【表】
表からわかるように本実施例は応答性の改善が
顕著であることがわかる。応答性は第３図ｂに示
した飽和濃度に達するまでの時間t1で比較した。
濃度は発色光吸収ピークである550nｍで測定し
たが、飽和濃度は絶縁膜をつけた方が高く、発色
濃度は吸収率にして約２倍高かつた。
また本実施例は消費電力が第２図の素子よりも
若干高めではあるが問題となるようなものではな
く、くり返し寿命は１ケタ以上の改善が図れた。
本発明の他の実施例として、第２の電導膜８と
してAu膜を300Åとした他は前記実施例と同様の
素子を作成し、表示特性を調べたところ、In2O3
−SnO2間の場合と比較して応答性が20〜30％ほ
どすぐれていた。その他の特性については同様の
結果が得られた。
発明の効果
以上要するに本発明は少なくとも一方が透明
で、互いに対向して設けられた二枚の基板の一方
に表示電極、他方に対向電極を設け、前記対向電
極を、絶縁膜を第１及び第２の電導膜で挾持した
構造としたエレクトロクロミツク表示素子を提供
するもので、応答速度と表示寿命の大幅な改善が
図れる。[Table] As can be seen from the table, this example shows a remarkable improvement in responsiveness. The response was compared at the time t 1 required to reach the saturation concentration shown in Figure 3b.
The concentration was measured at 550 nm, which is the absorption peak of colored light, and the saturation concentration was higher with the insulating film, and the color density was about twice as high as the absorption rate. Further, although the power consumption of this example was slightly higher than that of the device shown in FIG. 2, it did not pose a problem, and the repeated lifespan was improved by more than one order of magnitude. As another example of the present invention, a device similar to the above example was fabricated except that an Au film of 300 Å was used as the second conductive film 8, and the display characteristics were investigated .
The response was about 20 to 30% better than that between -SnO2 . Similar results were obtained for other properties. Effects of the Invention In summary, the present invention provides two substrates, at least one of which is transparent, provided facing each other, a display electrode is provided on one side, and a counter electrode is provided on the other. The present invention provides an electrochromic display element having a structure sandwiched between two conductive films, which can significantly improve response speed and display life.
第１図及び第２図は従来のエレクトロクロミツ
ク表示素子を示す断面図、第３図ａ，ｂ，ｃはそ
れぞれ印加電圧、発色濃度、電流の時間に対する
変化を示す図、第４図は本発明の一実施例におけ
るエレクトロクロミツク表示素子を示す断面図で
ある。
１……ガラス基板、２……表示極、３……対
極、４……封着材、５……表示可能物質、６……
第１の電導膜、７……絶縁膜、８……第２の電導
膜。
Figures 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views showing conventional electrochromic display elements, Figures 3a, b, and c are diagrams showing changes in applied voltage, color density, and current over time, respectively, and Figure 4 is a diagram showing the main FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an electrochromic display element in one embodiment of the invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Glass substrate, 2...Display electrode, 3...Counter electrode, 4...Sealing material, 5...Displayable substance, 6...
1st conductive film, 7...insulating film, 8...2nd conductive film.
Claims (1)
けられた二枚の基板の一方に表示電極、他方に対
向電極を設け、前記対向電極が、基板上に設けら
れた第１の電導膜と、前記第１の電導膜上の、表
示電極に対向する領域に設けられた絶縁膜と、前
記第１の電導膜及び絶縁膜を覆つて形成された第
２の電導膜とからなることを特徴とするエレクト
ロクロミツク表示素子。 ２ 対向電極の第１及び第２の電導膜がIn2O3、
In2O3−SnO2、あるいはSnO2を主成分とするも
のからなることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１
項記載のエレクトロクロミツク表示素子。 ３ 対向電極の第１の電導膜がIn2O3、In2O3−
SnO2、あるいはSnO2を主成分とするものからな
り、第２の電導膜がAu、Ag、Ptのいずれかから
なることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載
のエレクトロクロミツク表示素子。 ４ 対向電極を構成する絶縁膜が金属酸化物、金
属弗化物、金属窒化物のいずれかであることを特
徴とする特許請求の範囲第１項記載のエレクトロ
クロミツク表示素子。[Scope of Claims] 1. Two substrates, at least one of which is transparent, are provided facing each other, one of which is provided with a display electrode, and the other of which is provided with a counter electrode, and the counter electrode is a first substrate provided on the substrate. an electrically conductive film, an insulating film provided on the first electrically conductive film in a region facing the display electrode, and a second electrically conductive film formed to cover the first electrically conductive film and the insulating film. An electrochromic display element characterized by: 2 The first and second conductive films of the counter electrode are In 2 O 3 ,
Claim 1 characterized in that it is made of In 2 O 3 −SnO 2 or a substance whose main component is SnO 2
The electrochromic display element described in . 3 The first conductive film of the counter electrode is In 2 O 3 , In 2 O 3 −
The electrochromic display element according to claim 1, wherein the electrochromic display element is made of SnO 2 or a material containing SnO 2 as a main component, and the second conductive film is made of Au, Ag, or Pt. . 4. The electrochromic display element according to claim 1, wherein the insulating film constituting the counter electrode is made of metal oxide, metal fluoride, or metal nitride.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59118466A JPS60262139A (en) | 1984-06-08 | 1984-06-08 | Electrochromic display element |
| US06/647,490 US4660939A (en) | 1983-09-08 | 1984-09-05 | Electrochromic display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59118466A JPS60262139A (en) | 1984-06-08 | 1984-06-08 | Electrochromic display element |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS60262139A JPS60262139A (en) | 1985-12-25 |
| JPH0361171B2 true JPH0361171B2 (en) | 1991-09-19 |
Family
ID=14737359
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP59118466A Granted JPS60262139A (en) | 1983-09-08 | 1984-06-08 | Electrochromic display element |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS60262139A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7586664B2 (en) | 2005-07-01 | 2009-09-08 | Ppg Industries Ohio, Inc. | Transparent electrode for an electrochromic switchable cell |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58139129A (en) * | 1982-02-12 | 1983-08-18 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electrochromic display element |
-
1984
- 1984-06-08 JP JP59118466A patent/JPS60262139A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS58139129A (en) * | 1982-02-12 | 1983-08-18 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Electrochromic display element |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS60262139A (en) | 1985-12-25 |
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