JPH0360860A - Heater tube for heating molten non-ferrous metal - Google Patents
Heater tube for heating molten non-ferrous metalInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0360860A JPH0360860A JP19639789A JP19639789A JPH0360860A JP H0360860 A JPH0360860 A JP H0360860A JP 19639789 A JP19639789 A JP 19639789A JP 19639789 A JP19639789 A JP 19639789A JP H0360860 A JPH0360860 A JP H0360860A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heater tube
- ceramic particles
- composite material
- heating
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 9
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001120 nichrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910007948 ZrB2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron;zirconium Chemical compound B#[Zr]#B VWZIXVXBCBBRGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011224 oxide ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052574 oxide ceramic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical group N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明はアルミニウム、亜鉛、スズ及び鉛等の非鉄金属
（その合金を含む）の溶湯を加熱又は再加熱するのに好
適の非鉄金属溶湯加熱用ヒータチューブに関する。Detailed Description of the Invention [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is a non-ferrous metal molten metal heating method suitable for heating or reheating a molten metal of non-ferrous metals (including alloys thereof) such as aluminum, zinc, tin, and lead. related to heater tubes.
［従来の技術］
アルミニウム、亜鉛、スズ及び鉛等の非鉄金属の溶湯を
加熱又は再加熱するための非鉄金属溶湯加熱用ヒータチ
ューブ（以下、ヒータチューブという）は、合金製造工
程、低圧鋳造工程及びダイキャスト工程等で使用される
溶解炉又は保持炉に多数設置されている。[Prior Art] Heater tubes for heating molten nonferrous metals (hereinafter referred to as heater tubes) for heating or reheating molten nonferrous metals such as aluminum, zinc, tin, and lead are used in alloy manufacturing processes, low-pressure casting processes, and Many are installed in melting furnaces or holding furnaces used in die-casting processes, etc.
従来、ヒータチューブの材質としては、一般に窒化珪素
（Ｓ ｔａ Ｎ４ ）又は炭化珪素（Ｓ ｉ Ｃ）を主
成分とする耐火物が使用されている。これにより、ヒー
タチューブにおける非鉄金属溶湯に接触する部分が非鉄
金属と反応して溶損することが防止されている。Conventionally, as a material for the heater tube, a refractory whose main component is silicon nitride (S ta N4 ) or silicon carbide (S i C) is generally used. This prevents the portion of the heater tube that comes into contact with the molten nonferrous metal from reacting with the nonferrous metal and being melted away.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
しかしながら、上述した従来の非鉄金属溶湯加熱用ヒー
タチューブは、耐火物により形成されているため、機械
的−衝撃に対して脆いという難点がある。このため、溶
湯中へ地金を投入する場合又は溶湯を撹拌する場合に、
地金又は攪拌羽根がヒータチューブに衝突したときに、
耐火材料製ヒータチューブが容易に破損してしまう。そ
うすると、ヒータチューブの内部の発熱体に溶湯が侵入
してヒータチューブが使用不能となり、溶湯を加熱する
ことができなくなるため、作業を中断する必要が生じ、
作業性が悪いという問題点がある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, since the above-described conventional heater tube for heating molten non-ferrous metal is made of a refractory material, it has the disadvantage that it is brittle against mechanical impact. For this reason, when pouring metal into the molten metal or stirring the molten metal,
When the metal or stirring blade collides with the heater tube,
Heater tubes made of refractory materials are easily damaged. If this happens, the molten metal will enter the heating element inside the heater tube, rendering the heater tube unusable and unable to heat the molten metal, making it necessary to stop work.
There is a problem that workability is poor.
本発明はかかる問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、
非鉄金属溶湯に対する耐溶損性が優れていると共に、耐
衝撃性にも優れており、作業性を向上することができる
長寿命の非鉄金属溶湯加熱用ヒータチューブを提供する
ことを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and includes:
An object of the present invention is to provide a long-life heater tube for heating molten nonferrous metal that has excellent resistance to melting and damage to molten nonferrous metal, has excellent impact resistance, and can improve workability.
［課題を解決するための手段］
本発明に係る非鉄金属溶湯加熱用ヒータチューブは、少
なくとも溶湯と接触する部分がチタン又はチタン合金と
セラミックス粒子とを含む複合材料により形成されてお
り、前記セラミックス粒子の体積含有率が０．ｌ乃至５
０％であることを特徴とする。[Means for Solving the Problems] A heater tube for heating molten non-ferrous metal according to the present invention has at least a portion that contacts the molten metal made of a composite material containing titanium or a titanium alloy and ceramic particles, and the ceramic particles The volume content of is 0. l to 5
It is characterized by being 0%.
［作用コ
本発明においては、少なくとも溶湯と接触する部分がチ
タン又はチタン合金と所定のセラミックス粒子との複合
材料により形成されている。この複合材料は、非鉄金属
の溶湯に対して優れた耐溶損性を有すると共に、耐衝撃
性にも優れたチタン又はチタン合金に、高強度且つ高硬
度のセラミックス粒子を添加したものであり、耐溶損性
、耐衝撃性及び耐摩耗性を兼備している。従って、この
複合材料で溶湯接触部を形成することにより、長寿命の
非鉄金属溶湯加熱用ヒータチューブが得られ、作業中断
が抑制されて作業性が向上する。[Function] In the present invention, at least the portion that comes into contact with the molten metal is formed of a composite material of titanium or a titanium alloy and predetermined ceramic particles. This composite material has high strength and hardness ceramic particles added to titanium or titanium alloy, which has excellent corrosion resistance against molten nonferrous metals and has excellent impact resistance. It has a combination of damage resistance, impact resistance, and abrasion resistance. Therefore, by forming the molten metal contact portion with this composite material, a long-life heater tube for heating molten nonferrous metal can be obtained, work interruptions can be suppressed, and workability can be improved.
次に、この複合材料を構成するセラミックス成分の体積
含有率及び平均粒径の限定理由について説明する。Next, the reason for limiting the volume content and average particle size of the ceramic components constituting this composite material will be explained.
複合材料中のセラミックス粒子の体積含有率が０．１％
未満の場合は、複合材料の硬度及び耐摩耗性は極めて低
いものとなる。一方、セラミックス粒子の体積含有率が
５０％を超えると、複合材料が脆性化するため、耐衝撃
性が劣化し、割れやすくなる。このため、複合材料中の
セラミックス粒子の体積含有率は０．１乃至５０％にす
る。The volume content of ceramic particles in the composite material is 0.1%
If it is less than 1, the hardness and wear resistance of the composite material will be extremely low. On the other hand, if the volume content of the ceramic particles exceeds 50%, the composite material becomes brittle, resulting in poor impact resistance and easy cracking. For this reason, the volume content of ceramic particles in the composite material is set to 0.1 to 50%.
また、複合材料中のセラミックス粒子の平均粒径が０．
０１μｍ未満の場合は、マトリックスであるチタン又は
チタン合金中にセラミックス粒子を均一に分散させるこ
とが困難になり、安定した特性の複合材料を得にくくな
る。一方、セラミックス粒子の平均粒径が５００μｍを
超えると、セラミックス粒子間の間隔が大きくなるため
、複合材料の硬度が低下しやすい。これにより、複合材
料の耐摩耗性も低下する。このため、複合材料中のセラ
ミックス粒子の平均粒径は０．０１乃至５００μｍにす
ることが好ましい。Further, the average particle size of the ceramic particles in the composite material is 0.
If it is less than 0.01 μm, it becomes difficult to uniformly disperse the ceramic particles in the titanium or titanium alloy matrix, making it difficult to obtain a composite material with stable characteristics. On the other hand, when the average particle size of the ceramic particles exceeds 500 μm, the distance between the ceramic particles becomes large, so that the hardness of the composite material tends to decrease. This also reduces the wear resistance of the composite material. For this reason, it is preferable that the average particle size of the ceramic particles in the composite material is 0.01 to 500 μm.
なお、本発明においては、その溶解対象となる非鉄金属
は純ＡＩ及び純Ｚｎ等の純金属以外に、これらの金属の
合金も含むことは勿論である。In the present invention, the non-ferrous metals to be melted include not only pure metals such as pure AI and pure Zn but also alloys of these metals.
［実施例］
次に、本発明の実施例についてその比較例と比較して説
明する。[Example] Next, an example of the present invention will be described in comparison with a comparative example.
先ず、平均粒径が３８μｍであり、６重量％のアルミニ
ウム（ＡＪ）及び４重量％のバナジウム（Ｖ）を含有す
るチタン合金粉末と、平均粒径が２０μｍの炭化珪素（
ＳｉＣ）粉末とを下記第１表に示す割合で均一に混合し
て原料とした。First, titanium alloy powder with an average particle size of 38 μm and containing 6% by weight of aluminum (AJ) and 4% by weight of vanadium (V) and silicon carbide (with an average particle size of 20 μm) were prepared.
SiC) powder was uniformly mixed in the ratio shown in Table 1 below to prepare a raw material.
この原料をゴム型に装入し、その中心に芯金を配置して
、加圧力が２トン／ｅｌｌ”の条件で冷間静水圧プレス
（ＣＩ Ｐ）加工を行なった。これにより、タンマン管
形状の圧粉体を得た。そして、この圧粉体を真空度が１
０”’Ｔｏｒｒ、温度が１３００℃の真空炉中で焼結さ
せることにより、第１表に示す組成の複合材料からなる
ヒータチューブを製作した。This raw material was charged into a rubber mold, a core metal was placed in the center, and cold isostatic pressing (CIP) was performed at a pressure of 2 tons/ell. A green compact with a shape of
A heater tube made of a composite material having the composition shown in Table 1 was manufactured by sintering it in a vacuum furnace at 0''' Torr and a temperature of 1300°C.
この各ヒータチューブを実施例１乃至４及び比較例１乃
至３とした。These heater tubes were designated as Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
第１表
次に、平均粒径が１８８ｍであり、純度が９９，７重量
％以上のチタン粉末と、下記第２表に示す平均粒径のＡ
ｌｚＯａ粉末とを体積比で８０：２Ｇ （セラミックス
の体積含有率２０％）に混合して原料とした。Table 1 Next, titanium powder with an average particle size of 188 m and a purity of 99.7% by weight or more and A with an average particle size shown in Table 2 below.
lzOa powder was mixed at a volume ratio of 80:2G (volume content of ceramics: 20%) to prepare a raw material.
第２表
この原料を厚さが１ｍ■のＪＩＳ ５Ｓ４１鋼板で作ら
れたモールドに封入し、加圧力が１トン／ＣＭ”、ｆｆ
ｉ度が１２５０℃の条件で、熱間静水圧プレス（ＨＩ
Ｐ）加工を行なって焼結させた。次いで、この焼結体及
び鋼製モールドの全体を濃塩酸溶液に浸漬して、鋼製モ
ールドを溶解させ、複合材料からなるヒータチューブを
製作した。この各ヒータチューブを実施例５乃至９及び
比較例４とした。Table 2 This raw material was sealed in a mold made of JIS 5S41 steel plate with a thickness of 1 m, and the pressing force was 1 ton/CM", ff
Hot isostatic pressing (HI
P) Processed and sintered. Next, the entire sintered body and steel mold were immersed in a concentrated hydrochloric acid solution to dissolve the steel mold, and a heater tube made of a composite material was manufactured. These heater tubes were designated as Examples 5 to 9 and Comparative Example 4.
また、従来使用されている耐火物製のヒータチューブを
従来例とした。In addition, a conventional example of a heater tube made of refractory material is used.
上述した実施例、比較例及び従来例の各ヒータチューブ
に対し、下記に示す試験を行なってその性能を調べた。The following tests were conducted to examine the performance of each of the heater tubes of the Examples, Comparative Examples, and Conventional Examples described above.
■硬度試験
実施例、比較例及び従来例の各ヒータチューブのマイク
ロビッカース硬度を測定した。(2) Hardness Test The micro-Vickers hardness of each heater tube of the Example, Comparative Example, and Conventional Example was measured.
■引張試験 引張試験機により伸びを測定した。■Tensile test Elongation was measured using a tensile tester.
■実用試験
先ず、実施例、比較例及び従来例の各ヒータチューブの
内部に発熱体としてニクロム線を導入する。次に、 Ｊ
００ ｋ、のアルミニウム合金ＣＡＤＣ１２）の溶湯
中にこのヒータチューブを浸漬させて、ニクロム線を加
熱源として溶湯を加熱する。そして、このヒータチュー
ブによる加熱によって溶湯の温度を７００℃に保持して
、１０００時間経過後のヒータチューブの溶損状況を調
べた。(2) Practical Test First, a nichrome wire was introduced as a heating element into each heater tube of the example, comparative example, and conventional example. Next, J
This heater tube is immersed in a molten metal of an aluminum alloy CADC12) of 0.00 k, and the molten metal is heated using a nichrome wire as a heating source. Then, the temperature of the molten metal was maintained at 700° C. by heating with this heater tube, and the state of melting and damage of the heater tube after 1000 hours was examined.
これらの試験結果をまとめて下記第３表に示す。The results of these tests are summarized in Table 3 below.
但し、溶損状況はヒータチューブの表面における最大溶
損量が０．１ｗ以下の場合を◎、０．１ｍを超え０．３
ｍｍ以下の場合を○、０．３ｍｍを超える場合を△で示
した。However, regarding the melting damage condition, ◎ if the maximum amount of melting loss on the surface of the heater tube is 0.1w or less, and ◎ if the maximum amount of melting damage on the surface of the heater tube is 0.3w or less
The case where it is less than mm is shown as ○, and the case where it exceeds 0.3 mm is shown as △.
この第３表から明らかなように、実施例１乃至９はいず
れも溶損量が０．１＋＊−以下であり、割れも発生して
いない。一方、比較例２，３及び従来例は伸びが０１％
以下と極めて低く、特に比較例３及び従来例においては
、地金投入時の接触により割れが発生した。また、その
他の比較例１．４はいずれも溶損量が０ 、１ ａｍを
超えており、耐溶損性が悪いものであった。As is clear from Table 3, in all of Examples 1 to 9, the amount of melting loss was 0.1+*- or less, and no cracking occurred. On the other hand, comparative examples 2 and 3 and the conventional example had an elongation of 01%.
In particular, in Comparative Example 3 and the conventional example, cracks occurred due to contact when the metal was introduced. Further, in all of the other comparative examples 1.4, the amount of erosion exceeded 0.1 am, and the erosion resistance was poor.
第３表
なお、本発明において使用可能なセラミックスは上述の
ＳｉＣ及びＡｆ２０３に限定されるものではなく、Ｃｒ
ｚ Ｏａ 、Ｔ−ｉ ０２ 、Ｚ ｒｏ２、ＭｇＯ１Ｙ
２０Ｇ等の酸化物系セラミックス、５ｉａＮ４、ＴｉＮ
％ＢＮ、及びＡ７Ｎ等の窒化物系セラミックス、ＷＣｌ
ＴｉＣｚ Ｂａ Ｃ及びＣｒＣｇ等の炭化物系セラミッ
クス、ＺｒＢ２及びＴｉ８２等のホウ化物系セラミック
ス並びにサイアロン等、種々のものを使用することがで
きる。Table 3 Note that the ceramics that can be used in the present invention are not limited to the above-mentioned SiC and Af203, but
z Oa , T-i 02 , Z ro2, MgO1Y
Oxide ceramics such as 20G, 5iaN4, TiN
%BN, nitride ceramics such as A7N, WCl
Various materials can be used, such as carbide ceramics such as TiCz Ba C and CrCg, boride ceramics such as ZrB2 and Ti82, and sialon.
また、これらのセラミックスを２種類以上混合して使用
することもできる。Moreover, two or more types of these ceramics can be mixed and used.
［発明の効果］
以上説明したように本発明によれば、非鉄金属溶湯加熱
用ヒータチューブの少なくとも溶湯と接触する部分がチ
タン又はチタン合金とセラミック粒子との複合材料によ
り形成されているため、耐溶損性及び耐衝撃性の双方が
優れたヒータチューブが得られる。従って、このヒータ
チューブを使用すれば、その溶損が抑制されて寿命が延
長され、また地金投入時等の衝撃を受けても割れの発生
が抑制される。このため、加熱源の使用不能という事態
が長時間に亘って防止されるので、作業性を著しく向上
させることができる。[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, at least the part of the heater tube for heating molten non-ferrous metal that comes into contact with the molten metal is formed of a composite material of titanium or a titanium alloy and ceramic particles, so that it is resistant to melting. A heater tube excellent in both damage resistance and impact resistance can be obtained. Therefore, if this heater tube is used, its melting loss is suppressed, its lifespan is extended, and the occurrence of cracks is suppressed even if it is subjected to shocks such as when inserting ingots. Therefore, a situation in which the heating source becomes unusable is prevented for a long period of time, so that workability can be significantly improved.
Claims (2)
ン合金とセラミックス粒子とを含む複合材料により形成
されており、前記セラミックス粒子の体積含有率が０．
１乃至５０％であることを特徴とする非鉄金属溶湯加熱
用ヒータチューブ。(1) At least the portion that contacts the molten metal is formed of a composite material containing titanium or a titanium alloy and ceramic particles, and the volume content of the ceramic particles is 0.
A heater tube for heating molten non-ferrous metal, characterized in that the heating temperature is 1 to 50%.
５００μｍであることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の非
鉄金属溶湯加熱用ヒータチューブ。(2) The heater tube for heating molten non-ferrous metal according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic particles have an average particle size of 0.01 to 500 μm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19639789A JPH0360860A (en) | 1989-07-28 | 1989-07-28 | Heater tube for heating molten non-ferrous metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19639789A JPH0360860A (en) | 1989-07-28 | 1989-07-28 | Heater tube for heating molten non-ferrous metal |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0360860A true JPH0360860A (en) | 1991-03-15 |
Family
ID=16357190
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19639789A Pending JPH0360860A (en) | 1989-07-28 | 1989-07-28 | Heater tube for heating molten non-ferrous metal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0360860A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04351266A (en) * | 1991-05-24 | 1992-12-07 | K M C:Kk | Holding furnace for casting |
-
1989
- 1989-07-28 JP JP19639789A patent/JPH0360860A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04351266A (en) * | 1991-05-24 | 1992-12-07 | K M C:Kk | Holding furnace for casting |
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