JPH035878B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

<Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a method for removing non-biodegradable color components using microorganisms, and more specifically, the present invention relates to a method for removing non-biodegradable color components using microorganisms, and more specifically, the removal of non-biodegradable color components such as kraft pulp wastewater, human waste, sewage, garbage juice wastewater, etc. Penicillium yantinerum (Penicillium
The present invention relates to a method for removing chromatic components from wastewater by adsorption or decomposition by inoculating the wastewater with spp. janthinellum). <Prior Art> In recent years, social interest in environmental conservation has increased, and from the viewpoint of effective use of water resources, there is a need to purify treated water to a higher degree. In particular, chromaticity components, unlike pollution indicators such as BOD, COD, and SS, are not clearly regulated and do not cause major disruption to the ecosystem in which they are discharged. A new processing method is expected. Conventionally, colored substances in wastewater are generally difficult to biodegrade and cannot be removed by biological treatment alone such as the activated sludge method. Therefore, coagulation using aluminum sulfate or ferric chloride Physicochemical treatments such as precipitation, adsorption with activated carbon, or chloride decomposition with chlorine or ozone have been used. However, coagulated sedimentation is difficult to treat waste sludge, activated carbon has problems with the complexity of the regeneration process and economic efficiency, and oxidative decomposition using chlorine and ozone is not only economical but also safe and effective. doubts remain. On the other hand, a method for decolorizing colored wastewater using microorganisms belonging to the Penicillium layer, similar to the present invention, is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-46194. It targets lignin sulfonic acid, and the microorganism used is Penicillium.
It is similar to ochrochloron, and the microorganisms used and the chromaticity components targeted are different from the present invention. Biological decolorization methods for kraft pulp wastewater are also known (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-7799, J. Ferment. Technol. 46-569, 1960, Paper and Paper Technology Association Journal 30, 215, 1976). ), these use filamentous fungi such as the genus Trametes, the genus Taintopolia, and the genus Aspergillus, and bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas, which are completely different from the microorganisms used in the present invention. <Problems to be Solved by the Invention> The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in such physicochemical treatment methods, and to biologically treat not only kraft pulp waste liquid but also garbage juice, human waste, sewage, etc. The present invention provides a new method for efficiently removing carbon dioxide components at low cost. <Means for solving the problem> As a result of extensive research, the present inventors have discovered that specific fungi remove substances that cause chromaticity in wastewater, such as alkaline lignin, humic acid, and bile powder, by adsorption or decomposition. Focusing on this, the inventors discovered that the above object could be achieved by allowing these to proliferate dominantly within the water treatment system, and based on this knowledge, the present invention was completed. That is, the present invention uses Penicillium yantinerum (Penicillium yantinerum) isolated from decaying wood chips.
janthinellum) in a medium containing alkaline lignin, humic acid, and bile powder as chromatic components, these chromatic components can be rapidly removed from the medium and the medium can be made transparent. This is a characteristic feature. In addition, since the hyphae of this bacterial strain become colored as decolorization progresses, we believe that most of the chromatic components in the medium are removed by adsorption to the bacterial surface, but some of them are removed by decomposition. It is assumed that it will be removed. The mechanism of dye adsorption by this strain is not clear at present, but as a result of measuring the content of chitin (generic term for chitin and chitosan), which is one of the cell wall components of this strain, it was found to be 10% by dry weight.
In addition, as a result of examining the adsorption of alkaline lignin using a chitin fraction prepared from this strain using the method shown in the food analysis method, we found that commercially available chitosan (biochemical It showed adsorption capacity comparable to that of industrially manufactured products. Therefore, one of the major factors is that negatively charged substances such as lignin and humic acid are adsorbed to the bacterial surface due to the electrostatic attraction of chitosan, which is a natural cationic polymer. Conceivable. However, Mucor roxi
roxii), which contain about 30% chitin, especially chitosan, in their cell walls but do not adsorb any chromatic components at all.Although the presence of chitin is a necessary condition, the cell surface It is thought that the state of existence is an important factor.

[Table] Note: Weigh out the specified amount of each chitin material with a uniform particle size of 100 to 200 meshes, and add 100 mg/lignin solution (dissolved in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0)25
Transfer to a 100ml vial containing ml and seal it tightly.
Shake overnight. Thereafter, the supernatant was collected by centrifugation, and its absorbance at 410 nm was measured. The filamentous fungus of the genus Penicillium used in the present invention has been deposited as Penicillium janthinellum NF-1 with the National Institute of Microbiology, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology under the accession number FERM P-9346. It has mycological properties such as. 1 Morphology The conidiophore (2.5-3.0 μm x 95-190 μm) is solitary or forms one or two branches, and has a slightly rough surface (punctate). Asymmetrical
biverticillate) and divaricate form;
The length is 20 to 30 μm, and the conidia are spread out and tangled. Fireride (2.4μm×9.6~12.5μ
M) consists of 4 to 8 hairs, slightly spread-shaped, tapered to narrow-bearing.
tube). Conidia are subspherical to elliptical, 2-2.5 μm x 2.5-2.8 μm, with rough surface 2. Growth status on each medium (1) Growth on Czapetsk medium is relatively good.
It reaches a diameter of about 5 cm in 10 days at 25℃. The mycelial layer is white and velvety. The conidia attachment part is green ~
It exhibits a tea green to gray-green color and turns gray as it ages. The back side of the village shows purple red. (2) Growth conditions were similar to those in the Czapetsk medium on the Stape medium, but the growth was faster and reached a diameter of approximately 6 cm in 10 days. (3) Malt agar medium showed the best growth, with 10
It reached a diameter of about 7 cm within days, but the back side of the colony took on a dull pale yellow color, which was different from the others. (4) Based on the results of optimum pH 4.0 to 8.0 and optimum temperature 12℃ to 35℃, identify the isolated bacterial strain with reference to the following literature, and identify Penicillium janthinellum.
It was confirmed to be Biourge. ΓK.B.Raper, C., Thom and DIFennell, A.
Manual of the Penicillia, 1949 ΓCarlos Ramirez and ATMartinez,
Manual and Atlas of the Penicillia 1982 ΓS.Abe, J.Gen.Appl.Microbiol.Tokyo, 2.76
(1956) Examples of the present invention will be described below. Example 1 KH ₂ PO ₄ 0.8g/, K ₂ HPO ₄ 1.2g/,
NH ₄ NO ₃ 1.0g/, NaCl 1.0g, MgSO ₄・
7H ₂ O 0.05g/, CaCl ₂・2H ₂ O 0.05g/,
100mg/humic acid (manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries), 40mg/bile powder (Wako) as chromaticity components in a basal medium of PH6.7.
mg/, glucose and glycerin as carbon sources,
Decolorization experiments were attempted using a total of nine types of systems, each with 5 g of acetic acid added. Put 100ml of the above medium into a 500ml Erlenmeyer flask,
After inoculating Penicillium yantinerum spores at 2.1 × 10 ⁶ cells/ml of the medium, the cells were incubated at 28°C and rotated at 60 rpm for 4 hours.
Cultured for 1 day. The results are shown in Table-2.

[Table]
As is clear from the results in Table 2, although the system using bile powder as a chromaticity component and the acetic acid system as a carbon source was slightly inferior to the others, all systems showed a high decolorization rate of over 70%. . Example 2 Alkaline lignin was added to the basal medium shown in Example 1.
Using a medium to which 100 mg/g of glucose was added and 5 g/g of glucose was added, changes in PH, glucose concentration, bacterial weight, and color were measured over time. Other conditions were the same as in Example 1. The results are shown in Figure 1. As is clear from Figure 1, the chromaticity of the culture solution decreases with the growth of the bacterial cells, and after 120 hours of culture, the chromaticity of the culture solution decreases.
It is considered that there is a close quantitative relationship between the decrease in chromaticity and the amount of grown bacterial cells. In Fig. 1, △ indicates a change in PH, 〓 indicates a change in glucose concentration, ◯ indicates a change in chromaticity, and ● indicates a change in bacterial weight. Example 3 100 mg/alkaline lignin was added as a color component to the same basal medium as in Example 1, and growth on various carbon sources (0.5%) and decolorization rate were investigated.
The spore inoculation amount was 1.6×10 ⁶ spores/ml medium and cultured for 4 days. Other conditions were the same as in Example 1. Table 3 shows the results.
Shown below.

[Table] C ₁ compounds such as methanol, formic acid, and lactic acid cannot be used as carbon sources, but they grow on many other carbon sources, and the chromaticity components are removed accordingly. In this way, this strain can grow using many carbon sources, and the pH at which it can grow is 2.
Since it has a wide range of 9 to 9, it can be widely applied in practical terms. Example 4 In the medium shown in Table 4, the influence of sodium sulfate on the growth and decolorization of bacterial cells was investigated. The results are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

【table】

[Table] P. janthinellum NF-1 strain is hardly affected by the concentration of sodium sulfate, and the growth amount (approx.
6.0 g/dry weight) and liginine sulfonic acid removal rate (approximately 70%) were almost constant. On the other hand, the mold (Penicillium SP-7) used in JP-A No. 59-46194 is greatly affected by the amount of sodium sulfate, and as the amount added increases, the amount of growth and removal of lignin sulfonic acid The amount also decreases. From the above experimental results, it was confirmed that the physiological characteristics of the mold used in the present invention and the mold disclosed in JP-A-59-46194 are also different.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 shows the changes in pH, glucose concentration, bacterial weight, and color over time. Figures 2 and 3 show the lignin sulfonic acid removal rate (decolorization rate) and the effects of sodium sulfate on bacterial growth. It is a figure showing an influence.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Penicillium yancinerum (Penicillium
janthinellum) to adsorb or decompose the chromatic components in wastewater.