JPH0355733B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an open combustion heating machine using kerosene or gas, and particularly to a safety device thereof.

Open combustion type heaters use indoor air as combustion air and release combustion gas indoors after combustion. For example, there are forced convection type heaters that use a convection blower installed on the back of the heater body to force the generated combustion gas out the front, increasing the heating effect. Oil fan heaters have been announced one after another, which burn oil after converting it into a gas.There is no need for an air supply or exhaust pipe like in forced air supply/exhaust type heaters, making it easy to carry and providing hot air heating. It is becoming widely used in ordinary households because of its ability to provide

However, since these heaters operate by simply circulating indoor air, as the combustion time elapses, the oxygen concentration in the room decreases, eventually causing incomplete combustion and increasing monoxide. Conversely, the concentration of carbon increases, causing headaches, feeling unwell, and even life-threatening accidents. Normally, when using this type of heater, ventilation should be done once or twice an hour. It warns people to drink fresh air and drink fresh air.

However, people sometimes forget to consciously ventilate the room regularly, and the indoor air is sometimes used in a state where it is still contaminated.
Therefore, systems have been proposed that measure the carbon monoxide and oxygen concentrations in indoor air and issue alarms, or automatically operate ventilation fans.

However, sensors that detect carbon monoxide and oxygen generally have many inconveniences, such as large variations in sensitivity and changes over time.As a result, the price of the sensors is also relatively high, especially when using kerosene. Since the combustion temperature of the forced convection heater used is quite high, there were very few sensors of high practical value.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points, and includes a system that automatically starts a timing operation in response to an instruction from an operation switch, measures a certain period of time after the start of the timing operation, and then issues a stop signal to instruct the operation to stop. a timer means for generating a signal, a means for controlling the operation to stop in response to the stop signal from the timer means, and a means for controlling the time measurement of the timer means by manually operating the control signal, An extension switch is provided to cause the timing operation to generate the above-mentioned stop signal again from that point onwards.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram of a forced convection heater showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a time chart showing its operation. FIGS. 3a and 3b are schematic diagrams showing examples of knobs for adjusting the ventilation alarm cycle, respectively.

In the figure, 1 is a switch whose contacts are separated only when it is pushed, and the switch is pushed to stop the operation of the heater. 2 is an operation switch for starting operation whose contacts are connected only when the push button is pressed. 3 is a relay contact connected in parallel to the operation switch 2 for starting the operation. 4 is a load circuit of the heater, 5 is a control transformer, 6 is a rectifier, 7 is a power supply capacitor, and 8 is a relay connected to the collector of the PNP transistor 9, which has the above-mentioned relay contact 3. 10 is a PNP transistor 11,
It is an oscillation circuit consisting of NPN transistors 12 and 13, and its oscillation frequency is determined by a capacitor 14, a charging resistor 15, and a discharging resistor 16.
It is output from the collector of the PNP transistor 11. The frequency of the discharge resistor 16 can be adjusted by switching resistors a, b, c, d, and e using a switch 17. 18 is a binary counter,
A timer means is constructed by connecting the output signal A of the oscillation circuit 10 to a clock input terminal. A capacitor 19 and a resistor 20 constitute an auto-clear circuit, and are used to clear the binary counter 18 when the power is turned on.
This is an extension switch that can arbitrarily clear the binary counter 18 only when pushed, and delay the generation of a signal instructing to stop operation. 2
2 is an AND gate whose inputs are the output signal A of the oscillation circuit 10, the output signal B (Q ₇ ) having a period 27 times that of this output signal A, and the output signal C (Q ₁₂ ) having a period 2 ¹² times that of this output signal A. 23 is an NPN transistor connected to the output terminal of this AND gate,
Reference numeral 24 denotes an electronic buzzer connected to the collector side of this NPN transistor, whose oscillation frequency is about 2 KHz, and is controlled to generate intermittently by the output signal B mentioned above. Further, the base of the PNP transistor 9 is connected to an output terminal _Q13 which generates an output signal D having a period ²¹³ times that of the output signal A. Reference numeral 25 is a knob for the switch 17 attached to the front panel (not shown) of the forced convection heater, and it switches the discharge resistor 16 to a, b, c, b, and e. , 6 tatami mats, 8 tatami mats, 10 tatami mats, and 12 tatami mats.The ventilation alarm cycle can be selected and set depending on the use. Further, 26 is a knob of a variable resistor, which allows the discharge resistor 16 to be set steplessly. In other words, as the room used becomes larger, the alarm cycle becomes gradually longer.
This system generates an alarm at the frequency of rotation and periodically alleviates indoor air pollution caused by combustion through ventilation, etc.

Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention having the above configuration will be explained with reference to the time chart shown in FIG.

First, push the operation switch 2 to turn on the power. Now, for example, assuming that a heater with a calorific value of approximately 300 Kcal is used in a standard 6 tatami room, change the cycle by changing the switch 17 so that the resistance value of the discharge resistor 16 becomes b. 1 second (T ₁ )
Assuming that the oscillation frequency (output signal) is adjusted to A, an output signal B with a period of 128 seconds, which is ²⁷ times as long, is generated from the output terminal _Q7 of the binary counter 18, and the High signal period is 64 seconds ( _T2 ), Low signal period
64 seconds (T ₃ ), and a control signal is generated to cause the electronic buzzer 24 to sound for about 1 minute with a period of 1 second. Furthermore, output signal C is generated from output terminal _Q12 with a period of ²¹² times 4096 seconds, and the high signal period
2048 seconds (T ₄ ), the low signal period is 2048 seconds (T ₅ ), and the electronic buzzer 2 goes off approximately 34 minutes after the heater starts operating.
Generates a signal that activates 4. Since the output signals A, B, and C are input to the AND gate 22, the AND gate 22 output signal E is repeatedly generated by the oscillation frequency A having the period T ₁ and the periods T ₂ and T ₃ . Moreover, the generation of this signal starts after at least a period T ₅ , that is, approximately 34 minutes, has elapsed from the start of operation according to the output signal C. The signal E activates the NPN transistor 23, and the electronic buzzer 24 generates a sound. This electronic buzzer 24 has a natural frequency of approximately 2 KHz, but as described above, it emits an intermittent alarm sound with a period of about 1 second.

Incidentally, when the power is turned on, the count of the binary counter 18 is always cleared by the auto-clear circuit consisting of the capacitor 19 and the resistor 20, and counting starts from the start of operation of the heater.

Now, after the start of operation, the electronic buzzer 24 will sound for a period of T ₆ (T ₆ = T ₅ + T ₃ ), approximately 35 minutes after the start of operation, as shown in the time chart of Fig. 2, and will be used. Alert the person to ventilate the room. And the pronunciation duration T ₂ is approximately 1
Since the duration is approximately 1 minute, it can be used as a guideline for the time it takes to ventilate the indoor air by opening a window, etc., that is, the ventilation execution time.When the electronic buzzer 24 stops sounding, it is possible to close the window, etc. After that, push the extension switch 21 to clear the timekeeping contents of the binary counter 18 and start counting again.

Therefore, the operation will continue as is and the alarm will be issued again in 35 minutes as described above. In this way, if the extension switch 21 is operated, it will be the same as starting the timing operation anew from that point on, so the heating operation can be extended without having to stop the operation. Therefore, in the case of oil fan heaters, it is possible to prevent the generation of odors that occur when the heater is extinguished or ignited once the operation is stopped.

Now, after the electric buzzer 24 is activated,
T ₇ , (T ₇ = T ₄ - _{T 3} ), that is, after about 33 minutes,
From the output terminal _Q13 of the binary counter 18,
An output signal D that is inverted from "Low" to "High" is generated and is input to the base of the PNP transistor 9. Then this PNP transistor 9 turns OFF
In order to stop energizing the relay 8, the relay contact 3 is opened and the power is cut off. Therefore, the operation of the heater is stopped to prevent further contamination of the indoor air. In other words, the PNP transistor 9, the relay 8, and the relay contact 3 serve as means for receiving the signal D and controlling the operation of the heater.

In this way, in the case of 6 tatami mats, unless the extension switch 21 is operated, the signal D (stop signal) to stop the operation will be automatically output approximately a certain period of time (approximately 68 minutes) after operating the operation switch 2. Therefore, operation is automatically stopped. As mentioned above, the time until the operation stops is a certain period of time, but as mentioned earlier, if you ventilate during operation and turn on the extension switch 2.
If 1 is intentionally operated, the generation of the signal D instructing to stop the operation will be delayed by that amount from the start of the operation. Therefore, the heating operation will be extended by that amount from the start of the operation.

It is desirable that the above-mentioned certain period of time be a period during which the indoor air does not reach a concentration of oxygen or carbon monoxide that would adversely affect the human body when the device is used in a normal state. Of course, this time varies depending on the amount of combustion of the equipment, combustion performance, location of use, etc., and how much carbon monoxide or oxygen concentration is considered to be harmful to the human body. The time must be such that serious accidents involving human life caused by indoor air pollution can be prevented. Therefore, the shorter the time, the better, but in consideration of the usability of the heater, this example corresponds to the conventional concept of ventilation about once an hour. There is.

Next, when using the heater in a room of about 12 tatami mats, if the knob 25 is set to the 12 tatami side, the discharge resistor 16 will have a resistance value e, and the oscillation frequency A' (output signal) of the oscillation circuit 10 will be is 2 seconds, which is approximately twice the oscillation frequency A (output signal) when set to the 6 tatami side. Therefore, the output signal C′ is T′ ₅ =2048×2 (seconds),
Approximately 64 minutes have elapsed, and approximately one hour after the heater starts operating, the electronic buzzer 24 is activated, producing an alarm sound that opens windows, etc. and encourages ventilation in the room.

When used in a 12 tatami room as described above, the output signal B' is twice as long as the output signal B (period T ₃ ), which is about 2 minutes. In other words, the ventilation execution time can be increased or decreased depending on the size of the room. Also, it will take approximately 2 hours until the operation stops.

Note that an alarm lamp may be turned on or blinked instead of the electronic buzzer 24.

As mentioned above, if the extension switch 21 is not operated, the operation will stop for a limited time, but if ventilation is performed early, the extension switch 21
If you operate , the driving time will be extended from the time you start driving. In other words, the extension switch 21 is a switch that has the function of automatically stopping the operation after a period of operation time during which accidents due to indoor air pollution do not occur from the time of operation.

As mentioned above, according to the present invention, even if the operation switch is used to instruct the operation to start, the operation is always automatically stopped after an operation time that does not cause an accident due to indoor air pollution. It is possible to improve safety when using this type of forced convection type heater that is not equipped with a cylinder.

Moreover, if you consciously operate the extension switch while ventilating while driving, the system will automatically stop driving after a period of time during which accidents due to indoor air pollution will not occur, improving usability. I can do things.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an electric circuit diagram of a forced convection heater showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a time chart showing its operation, and Figs. 3 a and b are examples of a knob for adjusting the ventilation alarm cycle. In this schematic diagram, 2 is an operation switch, 4 is a load circuit of a heater, 8 is a relay, 9 is a transistor, 10 is an oscillation circuit, 18 is a binary counter, 21 is an extension switch, and 24 is a sounding body (electronic buzzer). ).

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. It has an operation switch that instructs the start of operation by manual operation, and the operation is started according to the instruction of this operation switch, and the combustion gas generated by combustion in the combustion section is released into the room. In the open combustion type heater, a timer means automatically starts a timing operation in connection with an operation instruction from the operation switch, and generates a stop signal instructing to stop the operation after counting a certain period of time after the start of the timing operation; A means for controlling the stop of the operation upon receiving the stop signal from the timer means, and a means for controlling the time measurement of the timer means by generating a control signal by manual operation, and stopping the operation again from the time of manual operation. An open combustion type heater equipped with an extension switch that performs a timing operation that generates a signal.