JPH0353352Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a fire detector operation test device for testing whether a fire detector operates normally.

Conventionally, when trying to remotely test a fire detector, for example, in a differential heat detector, a heater was installed in an air chamber partitioned by a diaphragm, and the diaphragm was displaced by the expansion of air caused by the heat generated by the heater. In the same way as when detecting a fire, the switch contact is closed and an alarm signal is sent out.In photoelectric smoke detectors, a pin is made to protrude in the smoke detection area by energizing an electromagnetic coil, etc. In the case of the dimming type, scattered light is received by the protruding pin, while in the dimming type, the light is dimmed by the protruding pin to create a simulated state in which smoke has flowed in, and an alarm signal is sent out.

However, when testing the operation of a differential heat sensor using heater heating, the heater heats and expands the air, so it takes time for the sensor to trigger an alarm, and smoke detectors using electromagnetic coils When testing the operation of a heat detector, a mechanism for protruding and returning the pin using an electromagnetic coil is required, which may complicate the equipment, and completely different test equipment is used for heat detectors and smoke detectors. Therefore, sharing was difficult.

The present invention was developed in view of these conventional problems, and is a fire detector that can be used in common with differential heat detectors and smoke detectors, has excellent responsiveness, and has a simple structure. The purpose is to provide an operation test device for

In order to achieve this purpose, the present invention provides a fire detector with a shape memory metal that displaces into a pre-memorized shape that sets the detector into an alarm state when a predetermined temperature is reached, and the shape memory metal is pulled out from both ends. Power is supplied through the signal line provided during the operation test, and the shape memory metal is heated to a predetermined temperature or higher by self-heating due to the current flowing through this power supply, making it possible to remotely test the shape memory metal.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the operation testing device of the present invention. First, to explain the structure, 1 is a housing formed as a hollow body from an insulating material, and a shape memory metal 2 wound in a coil shape is housed inside the housing 1. The left end of the shape memory metal 2 is It is fixed in the housing 1, and the right end is taken out from a hole formed in the end face of the housing 1, and a ceramic ball as the actuating member 3 is fixed to the tip.
Further, a flexible power supply line 4 is provided at the right end of the shape memory metal 2. For this reason, the shape memory metal 2 provided within the housing 1 is supported so as to be expandable in the axial direction.

Furthermore, a recovery spring 5 is attached to the end of the shape memory metal 2 located above the flexible power supply line 4, and the recovery spring 5 applies a spring force in a direction to compress the shape memory metal 2.

On the other hand, from both ends of the shape memory metal 2, the signal line 6,
6' is drawn out so that a power source 7 can be connected to both ends of the shape memory metal 2 via signal lines 6, 6'.

Here, the shape memory metal 2 is given a shape memory that expands and causes the actuating member 3 to protrude when it reaches a predetermined temperature. Specifically, the actuating member 3 is expanded while the shape memory metal 2 is heated to the memorization temperature. It may be expanded into a displaced shape to protrude, and then returned to room temperature in this expanded state to form the compressed shape shown in the figure. Due to such shape memory, when the set temperature is reached, the shape memory metal 2 is displaced to expand into the memorized shape, causing the actuating member 3 to protrude. In addition, the spring force of the recovery spring 5 is such that the shape memory metal 2 is compressed to the state shown in the figure at room temperature where memory deformation does not occur, and the shape memory metal 2 reaches a predetermined temperature and tries to expand into the memorized shape. It is designed to generate a spring force lower than the displacement force at the time.

Next, the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be described. At room temperature, the shape memory metal 2 is compressed to the state shown in the figure by the spring force of the recovery spring 5, and the actuating member 3 is pulled into the end face of the housing 1. . In this state, a power supply 7 is connected to both ends of the shape memory metal 2 via the signal lines 6 and 6'.
When connected, a current flows from the power supply 7 to the shape memory metal 2, and this current causes the shape memory metal 2 to self-heat. Due to this self-heating, the shape memory metal 2
When the temperature of the shape memory metal 2 reaches a predetermined temperature at which shape memory is performed, the shape memory metal 2 is displaced to the memorized shape in an extended state, and the shape memory metal 2 is stretched against the recovery spring 5, causing the actuating member 3 to protrude. become.

Of course, if the power supply 7 is disconnected after the shape memory metal 2 is activated, the shape memory metal 2 will be pushed back to the illustrated state by the spring force of the recovery spring 5 when the temperature of the shape memory metal 2 returns to room temperature.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an embodiment of a differential heat sensor using the operation testing device of the present invention shown in FIG.

First, to explain the structure, 8 is a sensor housing made of plastic or the like, and an air chamber 11 is partitioned and formed on the lower side of the sensor housing 8 by a heat receiving plate 9 and an inner diaphragm 10. 10
A leak hole 12 is provided on the right side of the diaphragm 10 to prevent deformation of the diaphragm 10 due to gradual thermal expansion of the air chamber 11, and one contact plate 13 is provided in contact with the upper part of the diaphragm 10.
A contact plate 13' having another contact 14' is provided at a position opposite to the contact 14 of the contact plate 13, 1.
3' are connected to terminals 15 and 15', respectively.

In a differential heat sensor having such a structure, the operation test device 16 of the present invention is installed in an air chamber 11 partitioned by a heat receiving plate 9 and a diaphragm 10, and has an operation member 3 protruding from the end of the housing 1. It is made to face the diaphragm 10. Of course, the operation test device 16
A shape memory metal 2 that is displaced at a predetermined temperature is housed in a casing 1 . Further, the signal lines 6 and 6' from the operation test device 16 are led out through the sensor housing 8, and during the operation test, a power source 7 is connected between the signal lines 6 and 6' as shown in the figure. become.

Next, an operation test of the differential heat sensor shown in FIG. 2 will be explained.

The signal lines 6, 6' from the operation test device 16 built into the sensor are led out to a repeater near the sensor or to the central receiver, so when testing the operation, the terminals of the signal lines 6, 6' are connected. Connect the power supply 7 as shown. Of course, the connection of the power source 7 may be made by operating a test switch.

When the power supply 7 is connected between the signal lines 6 and 6' in this way, a current flows through the shape memory metal 2 of the operation test device 16, causing self-heating, and when the shape memory metal 2 reaches a predetermined temperature, the shape memory metal 2 The actuating member 3 is displaced to the memorized shape and protrudes. The protrusion of the actuating member 3 due to the displacement of the shape memory metal 2 presses and deforms the diaphragm 10 upward, and the contact plate 13 bends its arms, causing the contacts 14,
14' closes and sends out an alarm signal in the same way as when a fire is detected, thereby making it possible to perform an operation test.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a scattered light type smoke detector using the operation testing device of the present invention.

First, the scattered light type smoke detector has a light emitting element 21 and a light receiving element 22 arranged at a predetermined angle in a sensor housing 20 so as not to directly face each other.
A smoke detection area 23 is formed at the intersection of the light emitting area from the light emitting element 21 and the light receiving area from the light receiving element 22.
A pair of light shielding plates 24 are provided to prevent direct light from entering the light.

Regarding the scattered light type smoke detector having such a structure, the operation test device 16 of the present invention is disposed between the light shielding plates 24, and is attached to one end of the internal shape memory metal 2 and taken out as an operation member. Reflector 2
5 is installed, and signal lines 6 and 6' are led out from the operation test device 16 so that a power source 7 can be connected as shown in the figure during an operation test.

In the operation test of this scattered light smoke detector, a power source 7 is connected between the signal lines 6 and 6' drawn out from the operation test device 16 built into the sensor housing 20 as shown in the figure.
is connected to supply power to the shape memory metal 2 built into the operation test device 16. The shape memory metal 2 generates self-heating due to the current flowing through this power supply, and when it reaches a predetermined memorized temperature, it is displaced to the memorized shape and causes the reflecting plate 25 to protrude into the smoke detection area 23. The projection of the reflector 25 to the smoke detection area 23 causes the light emitting element 2 to
The light from 1 is reflected by the reflector plate 25 and enters the light receiving element 22, and a light receiving output is obtained in the same way as when smoke flows into the smoke detection area 23, and an alarm signal is output.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the shape memory metal 2 is returned to the compressed state at room temperature by the recovery spring 5, but when a shape memory metal 2 having a two-stage memory function is used, it is possible to return the shape memory metal 2 to the compressed state at a predetermined temperature. By memorizing the shape memory when heated to 300°C and the shape memory at room temperature, it is possible to restore the initial shape shown in the figure when the temperature returns to room temperature without providing the recovery spring 5.

Furthermore, although the above example was an example of an operation test of a differential heat sensor and a scattered light smoke detector,
It can be used as is as an operation test device for heat detectors or dimming type smoke detectors using inverted bimetal, or even ion type smoke detectors.

Next, to explain the effects of the operation test device according to the present invention, first, by passing an electric current through the shape memory metal, it self-heats and is displaced into a memorized shape, and this displacement pseudo-activates the fire detector. It has higher responsiveness than other heating methods, and can significantly shorten the work time when testing the operation of multiple fire detectors.

In addition, since a shape memory metal is used as the driving means for performing the operation test, the configuration of the device is simple, and the same device configuration can be shared with differential heat detectors, photoelectric smoke detectors, etc. As a result, it is possible to mass-produce the operation test device and reduce costs.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of a differential heat sensor equipped with an operation test device of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is an operational test of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of a scattered light type smoke detector including the device. 1... Housing, 2... Shape memory metal, 3... Operating member, 4... Flexible power line, 5... Restoration spring, 6, 6'... Signal line, 7... Power supply, 8... Sensor Housing, 9...Heat receiving plate, 10...Diaphragm, 11...Air chamber, 12...Leak hole, 13,
13'... Contact plate, 14, 14'... Contact, 15,
15'...terminal, 16...operation test device, 20...
...sensor housing, 21 ... light emitting element, 22 ... light receiving element, 23 ... smoke detection area, 24 ... light shielding plate, 25
……a reflector.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] A fire detector that detects changes in surrounding physical phenomena due to fire is equipped with a shape memory metal that displaces into a pre-memorized shape that activates the fire detection part when a predetermined temperature is reached, and the shape memory metal is displaceable into a pre-memorized shape during an operation test. Activation of a fire alarm characterized in that power is supplied to both ends of a memory metal, and a signal line for an operation test is drawn out to heat the shape memory metal to a predetermined temperature or higher by self-heating due to the current flowing through the power supply. Test equipment.