JPH0352723A - Spinning method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the deterioration of a corrosion resistance of an object to be worked and to improve the quality, the accuracy and the productivity of drawing parts by irradiating a surface area of the object to be worked in which a forming roll and the object to be worked come into contact with each other with a laser light, heating and softening the surface area and executing the spinning. CONSTITUTION:An object 1 to be worked is rotated, while being inserted and held by a die 3 and a push hardware 3A, and brought to spinning to an outline shape of the die 3, while being pressed by a forming roller 2. In this case, when a surface area right before a contact position of the surface of the object 1 to be worked and the forming roller 2 is irradiated successively with a laser light oscillated from a CO2 laser oscillator 7, the surface of the object 1 to be worked is heated to a suitable temperature by this laser light. Only the part heated by this irradiation is softened, a deformation resistance drops, the object comes to be deformed easily, and even by comparatively small pressing force of the forming roller, spinning can be executed. In such a way, a rupture and a fold are scarcely generated in the object 1 to be worked, and spinning of drawing parts can be executed exactly and easily with high accuracy.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Object of the Invention] (Industrial Field of Application) The present invention relates to a spinning processing method in which the surface of a workpiece is irradiated with a laser beam to perform spinning processing while heating the workpiece.

(Prior Art) Conventionally, spinning (spatula drawing) processing has been widely used to manufacture various drawn parts from a disk-shaped workpiece. Drawn parts manufactured by spinning can be formed into any shape because spinning rolls are used for the drawing. Therefore, since only a male die is required as a mold, the mold manufacturing cost is low and it can be manufactured quickly, so a wide variety of small quantities of drawn parts can be manufactured in a short period of time and at low cost. However, the processing speed is slower than that of press processing, so it is not suitable for manufacturing parts that require mass production.

(Problem to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, when manufacturing drawn parts by spinning a disk made of austenitic stainless steel such as SUS304 (J Is), this type of stainless steel has low deformation resistance (tensile strength). Because of the large diameter and work hardening, there was a risk that the workpiece would often break during spinning.

Therefore, in order to prevent breakage during processing, a method has been used in which the workpiece is softened and then subjected to spinning processing. That is, the workpiece is heated in a burner or heating furnace,
Methods used include performing hot spinning while maintaining the workpiece at a high temperature, or heating and annealing the workpiece during the spinning process.

However, these heating steps are essentially unnecessary for spinning processing, and this increases the cost of spinning parts.

Furthermore, when austenitic stainless steel is heated to a temperature of 550°C or higher, the temperature range of 550°C to 850°C,
Particularly in the temperature range of 600°C to 700°C, Cr carbide precipitates, resulting in deterioration of its corrosion resistance. Also, 850℃
Even if heated above, the problem of corrosion resistance deterioration similarly occurs because the temperature range that causes the above-mentioned deterioration of corrosion resistance is passed during cooling.

Therefore, when a workpiece made of austenitic stainless steel is subjected to hot spinning processing, it is necessary to perform appropriate heat treatment again after processing. In addition, when heating the workpiece using a burner, the heating temperature is 550°C.
It is thought that deterioration of the corrosion resistance can be prevented by doing the following, but in reality, it is extremely difficult to accurately adjust the heating temperature and heating area when heating with a burner.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and in the spinning process, the forming roller and the workpiece come into contact with each other immediately before the forming roller (spinning roll) forms the workpiece into a desired shape. Provides a method for spinning a drawn part by heating the workpiece by irradiating a laser beam onto the surface (surface area) of the workpiece in an area where the workpiece is heated, and utilizing the softened state of the workpiece due to this heating. The purpose is to

[Structure of the invention]

(Means and effects for solving the problems) The present invention provides a spinning method in which a workpiece is drawn into a desired shape using a forming roll, in which the forming rolls are sequentially drawn and formed immediately before forming the workpiece using the forming rolls. A laser beam is irradiated onto the surface area of the workpiece that comes into contact with the workpiece to heat and soften the surface area, and then the heated and softened portions of the workpiece are sequentially subjected to spinning processing to produce a drawn part.

(Example) Hereinafter, an example of the thinning processing method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 shows a spinning device used in the spinning method of the present invention. This spinning processing device S includes saddles 5A and 6A that are movably guided in the X-X axis and Y-Y axis directions on a bed B of the processing device S, and rotatably mounted on these saddles 5A and 6A. A forming roller (spinning roll) 2 is attached to the main tool post 5, and a pushing roller 6B is attached to the auxiliary tool posts 6I,'. Further, the mold 3 is rotatably attached to the drive shaft of the rotation drive unit 3B fixed to the bed B, and further,
A push metal object 3A is arranged opposite to this mold 3,
The workpiece 1 is supported and rotated by the mold 3 and the pusher 3A.

Then, while the forming roll 2 and the push roller 6B cooperate, the workpiece 1 is squeezed into a desired shape by the hollow roll 2 and subjected to spinning processing. Furthermore, as shown in the figure, a CO2 laser oscillator 7 is disposed, and the laser beam oscillated from the CO2 laser oscillator 7 is mirrored to a laser nozzle 8 that is movably disposed on the guide rail 12 in the X-X axis direction. 11 and 10.9 so that the surface of the workpiece 1 is irradiated.

In particular, in the spinning method of the present invention, as described above, the workpiece 1 is rotated while being supported by the mold 3 and the pusher 3A, and is pressed by the forming roller 2 to form the contour of the mold 3. Spun into shape. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, the CO2 laser oscillator 7
When laser beams emitted from heated to.

Note that the heating temperature of the workpiece can be easily adjusted by changing the laser output.

Only the portion 4 heated by this irradiation is softened, the deformation resistance (tensile strength) is lowered, and it becomes easier to deform, making it possible to perform the binning process even with a relatively small pressing force of the forming roller. In particular, since there is no decrease in deformation resistance in areas other than the heated part 4 of the workpiece 1, there is no decrease in the rigidity of the workpiece 1 as a whole, and the workpiece 1 is less likely to break or wrinkle. It becomes possible to accurately and easily perform spinning processing of drawn parts with high precision.

In addition, as the direction of illumination of the laser beam to the workpiece 1, the second
In the figure, for ease of understanding, it is shown facing horizontally on the opposite side of the forming roller 2. However, in an actual spinning device, the workpiece 1 and the forming roller 2 are in contact with each other in the horizontal direction of the surface that includes the central axis of the workpiece 1, so the laser beam is directed downward in the vertical direction through this central axis. configured to irradiate. With this configuration, the laser light is always radiated downward in the vertical direction, so the safety of the worker is ensured. Further, since the surface temperature of the workpiece 1 does not decrease until spinning is performed, the workpiece can be spun at a predetermined processing temperature.

Furthermore, the diaphragm component generally has an axially symmetrical three-dimensional shape in many cases, and in such a case, the portion that requires heating by laser light becomes a free-form surface.

In this case, by rotating the laser nozzle 8,
Workpieces can be easily heated three-dimensionally.

In addition, due to the need to quickly increase the heating temperature of the workpiece,
As the laser oscillator used in the spinning method of the present invention, it is preferable to use a CO2 gas laser or a solid laser such as YAG with a laser output of IKW or more.

Moreover, the material of the workpiece to be processed by the spinning method of the present invention is symmetrical to all metal materials. however,
Particularly in the case of austenitic stainless steel such as SUS304, the effect of the spinning method of the present invention is significant. The reason for this is that austenitic stainless steel has high strength, so spinning processing is not easy at room temperature. However, this
When heated above .degree. C., its deformation resistance decreases by about 20%, making spinning processing much easier. Conversely, when heated to a high temperature of 550°C or higher, the temperature range is 550°C to 850°C,
In particular, Cr carbide precipitates in the temperature range of 600°C to 700°C, resulting in deterioration of corrosion resistance. Therefore, when the workpiece is made of austenitic stainless steel, the portion 4 on the surface of the workpiece 1 is heated to 300°C to 55°C by the laser beam.
The object of the present invention can be achieved by heating and spinning between 0°C.

According to experiments conducted by the present inventor, the size of the area of the part (processed part) 4 of the workpiece 1 heated by the laser beam and the heating temperature increase are determined by the laser output, the laser spot diameter, the workpiece 1
It was found that it changes depending on the rotation speed, etc.

Therefore, the size and temperature rise of the heated part from several millimeters to several tens of millimeters, where the optimum effect of the present invention is expected, are as follows:
This can be easily obtained by setting appropriate laser processing conditions (laser output, etc.).

Further, the setting of the heating conditions by the laser tip and the irradiation position of the laser beam can be set to appropriate conditions in advance through experiments and theoretical analysis. Once these processing conditions are set, heating by laser light and spinning processing can be easily automated.

Furthermore, in order to irradiate the surface of the workpiece with the laser beam and raise the temperature of the workpiece to a desired temperature, an action of absorbing the laser light into the workpiece 1 and a lubrication action between the workpiece and the forming roller are performed. In order to promote this process, it is preferable to spray a laser light absorbing material such as graphite or molybdenum disulfide on the surface of the workpiece. If these laser light absorbing materials are applied to the surface of the workpiece, the laser light will be absorbed by the surface of the workpiece without causing any damage to the surface of the workpiece, and the workpiece will be rapidly heated. It has the advantage that it can act as a lubricant between the workpiece and the forming roller, reducing friction and preventing breakage and wrinkles while easily performing spinning processing.

In addition, parts that have been subjected to the binning process often require a trimming process in which unnecessary parts are cut and removed, a hole drilling process, or a welding process in which other parts are welded. In such a case, after the spinning process is completed, the laser oscillator installed in the processing equipment used in the present invention can oscillate a laser beam and perform these next processes continuously, so the laser oscillator can be used. It can be used effectively.

〔Effect of the invention〕

According to the present invention, drawn parts can be manufactured by spinning without deteriorating the corrosion resistance of the workpiece. In addition, since drawn parts can be manufactured without causing breakage or wrinkles in the workpiece, the quality, precision, and productivity of the drawn parts are greatly improved. In addition, machining of extreme places such as steep bends has +iJ capability. Furthermore, since there is no need to heat and anneal the workpiece in the parer 11 or heating furnace during spinning, the process can be shortened and manufacturing costs can be significantly reduced by 1.

Furthermore, since it is possible to accurately adjust the heating temperature and heating area, deterioration of the corrosion resistance and oxidation of the workpiece can be prevented. Furthermore, there is no deterioration in the working environment compared to heating with a burner.

Furthermore, the laser processing method of the present invention can be used for cutting after spinning processing (particularly fine cutting), composite processing, and the like.

[Brief Description of the Drawings] Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram (plan view) of a spinning processing device used in the spinning processing method of the present invention, and Fig. 2 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the spinning processing section in Fig. 1. . DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Workpiece, 2... Forming roller (spinning roll), 3... Mold, 3A... Pressing metal object, 4...
Laser heating part, 5... Main tool post, 6...
・Auxiliary tool post, 7...C O 2 laser oscillator, 8...Laser nozzle, 9, 10.11...Mirror, 12...Guy 12 Drail, S...Spinning curvature device, B ···bed.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a spinning method in which a workpiece is drawn into a desired shape using a forming roll, immediately before the workpiece is formed using a forming roll, a surface area of the workpiece that is in contact with the forming roll and the workpiece is sequentially A spinning processing method in which a laser beam is irradiated to heat and soften the surface region of the workpiece, and then the workpiece is subjected to spinning processing.