JPH0351914Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0351914Y2 JPH0351914Y2 JP1983170528U JP17052883U JPH0351914Y2 JP H0351914 Y2 JPH0351914 Y2 JP H0351914Y2 JP 1983170528 U JP1983170528 U JP 1983170528U JP 17052883 U JP17052883 U JP 17052883U JP H0351914 Y2 JPH0351914 Y2 JP H0351914Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heating element
- medium heating
- medium
- polyethylene glycol
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical group N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000021438 curry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019809 paraffin wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
本考案は新規な温度調節機能を有したバス乗降
口用ステツプに関するものであつて、安価で消費
電力量が極めて少なく、しかも冬期の凍結による
転倒等の問題を保温によつて防いで、乗客の安全
性を確保することを目的に開発したものである。[Detailed description of the invention] This invention relates to steps for bus entrances and exits that have a new temperature control function.It is inexpensive, consumes very little electricity, and can prevent problems such as falling over due to freezing in the winter. It was developed with the purpose of preventing accidents and ensuring the safety of passengers.
融点が室温±50℃近傍にある有機化合物で高い
熱的安定性や毒性の少ない良好な物性を有し、か
つ電気の不良導体であるものにポリエチレングリ
コールがある。このポリエチレングリコールは外
部からの加熱により融点以上になると融解し、融
解の潜熱として物質中に蓄えられるので、蓄熱媒
体として知られている。この蓄熱媒体を利用して
風力、水力、潮力、太陽熱等の不規則自然エネル
ギーによる発電装置からの電熱ヒーターによる発
熱を蓄える方式を開発して蓄熱式の電気暖房装置
にすることを本考案者は特願昭56−111310号（特
開昭58−12929号）で提案した。 Polyethylene glycol is an organic compound with a melting point around room temperature ±50°C, which has good physical properties such as high thermal stability and low toxicity, and is a poor conductor of electricity. This polyethylene glycol is known as a heat storage medium because it melts when heated above its melting point by external heating and is stored in the material as latent heat of melting. The present inventor has developed a method to use this heat storage medium to store the heat generated by an electric heater from a power generation device using irregular natural energy such as wind, water, tidal power, solar heat, etc., and to create a heat storage type electric heating device. was proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 56-111310 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 58-12929).
蓄熱媒体はそれ自体電気の不良導体であり、直
接的な通電加熱が不可能であるので、電熱ヒータ
ーを用いての加熱や温度調節のためのサーモスタ
ツトやサーモプロテクタなどを必要とし、そのた
め設備費がかさむ欠点は否めない。 The heat storage medium itself is a poor conductor of electricity and cannot be heated directly with electricity, so it requires heating with an electric heater and a thermostat or thermoprotector for temperature control, which reduces equipment costs. The disadvantage of bulking up is undeniable.
この点の改良を目的に更に検討を加えた結果、
ポリエチレングリコール中に電導性の良好な炭素
粉末を分散混合させると、極めて特異な電気的挙
動を示し、通電によつて発熱し、かつ所定温度に
キユリー点（電気抵抗が急変する点）を有する性
質のものになることを見出し、電導性蓄熱媒体と
して特願昭57−177131号（特開昭59−66093号）
で、感熱電気抵抗組成物として特願昭57−220986
号（特開昭59−110101号）でそれぞれ提案したの
である。 As a result of further investigation with the aim of improving this point,
When carbon powder with good conductivity is dispersed and mixed in polyethylene glycol, it exhibits extremely unique electrical behavior, generates heat when energized, and has a Curie point (point at which electrical resistance suddenly changes) at a given temperature. Patent Application No. 57-177131 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 59-66093) was published as a conductive heat storage medium.
As a heat-sensitive electrical resistance composition, patent application No. 57-220986 was filed.
(Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 110101/1983).
更に、本考案者は、この組成物の応用について
検討を加え、温度制御機能を有するバス乗降口用
ステツプ（以下バスステツプと略称する）を新た
に開発したのである。その特徴とするところは、
温度変化により溶融状態と固体状態とをとり得る
ポリエチレングリコールと電導性物質の炭素粉末
とからなるキユリー点を有する媒体発熱体（感熱
電気抵抗組成物）１をバスステツプ本体２によつ
て密封し、前記混合物の媒体発熱体内に所定間隔
をおいて導線３を配設してなることにある。 Furthermore, the present inventor has studied the application of this composition and has newly developed a step for bus entrances and exits (hereinafter abbreviated as bus step) having a temperature control function. Its characteristics are:
A medium heating element (heat-sensitive electrical resistance composition) 1 having a Curie point, which is made of polyethylene glycol that can change between a molten state and a solid state depending on temperature changes, and carbon powder as an electrically conductive substance, is sealed with a bath step body 2, and the above-mentioned Conductive wires 3 are arranged at predetermined intervals within a medium heating element of the mixture.
以下例示図面によつて本考案のバスステツプを
詳細に説明する。 The bus step of the present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the illustrative drawings.
第１図は媒体発熱体を内設したバスステツプの
一部破断斜視図である。温度変化により溶融状態
と固体状態とをとり得るポリエチレングリコール
と電導性物質の炭素粉末とからなるキユリー点を
有する媒体発熱体１を矩形に成形されたバスステ
ツプ本体２によつて密封し、前記混合物の媒体発
熱体内に所定間隔をおいて導線３を配設してなる
構造である。このようなバスステツプを乗降口に
設けて保温する。もちろん既存のステツプと交換
するかあるいはその上へ二重に取付けることも自
由に選択できる。 FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a bus step in which a medium heating element is installed. A medium heating element 1 having a Curie point, which is made of polyethylene glycol that can change between a molten state and a solid state depending on temperature changes, and carbon powder, which is an electrically conductive material, is sealed with a rectangular bath step main body 2, and the mixture is heated. It has a structure in which conducting wires 3 are arranged at predetermined intervals within a medium heating element. Such a bus step is installed at the entrance to keep the bus warm. Of course, you are free to choose to replace the existing step or install it twice.
媒体発熱体については前述の特願昭57−177131
号にも詳述したところであるが、本考案の目的に
最も適したものとしては、ポリエチレングリコー
ルであり、難燃性で引火性も弱いから蓄熱媒体と
して優れている。従来より用いられるパラフイン
ワツクス類は電気的特性にも蓄熱性にも優れてい
るが、引火性のあるのが欠点である。 Regarding the medium heating element, the above-mentioned patent application No. 57-177131
As detailed in the above issue, polyethylene glycol is the most suitable material for the purpose of the present invention, and is excellent as a heat storage medium because it is flame retardant and has low flammability. Conventionally used paraffin waxes have excellent electrical properties and heat storage properties, but have the disadvantage of being flammable.
ポリエチレングリコールに混合すべき電導性物
質は、炭素粉末であり、黒鉛粉末のような結晶性
カーボン、活性炭のような無定形カーボンを問わ
ず使用できる。しかし、最も混合性がよく、安定
で使い易いのは黒鉛粉末である。 The conductive substance to be mixed with polyethylene glycol is carbon powder, and either crystalline carbon such as graphite powder or amorphous carbon such as activated carbon can be used. However, graphite powder has the best mixability, stability, and ease of use.
ポリエチレングリコールと電導性物質の炭素粉
末との混合比率は重要な因子であり、混合比率を
変えて、通電時間と温度上昇及び抵抗値の変化か
ら判断して最適範囲を設定する。例えば、融点49
℃のポリエチレングリコール（6000）120部に対
して黒鉛粉末（グラフアイトカーボン）を20、
40、60、80部添加した系に対して通電した際の時
間と温度変化は第４図に示すようになり、20部で
は上昇せず、80部では短時間に高温にあがり、い
ずれもキユリー点が見出せない。そして、40〜60
部て良好に作動し、40部では約40℃で安定し、60
部では約50℃で安定することがわかる。通電初期
には電気抵抗が500Ω以下で1.5A位の電流値であ
るが、ポリエチレングリコールが軟化又は溶融す
ると1900Ωにまで抵抗が上がり、電流は0.1A以下
になり、そのままキユリー点の平衡温度に達す
る。その模様を黒鉛粉末が60部の場合について第
５図に示した。したがつて、ポリエチレングリコ
ール蓄熱媒体に40〜60部のカーボンブラツクを混
合したものは、加熱ヒーターもサーモスタツトも
不要のキユリー点を有した電導性蓄熱媒体すなわ
ち、媒体発熱体となり、80部あるいはそれ以上混
合したものは導線の代りとして使用できる媒体導
線になるのである。 The mixing ratio of polyethylene glycol and carbon powder, which is a conductive substance, is an important factor, and the optimum range is set by changing the mixing ratio and judging from the current application time, temperature rise, and change in resistance value. For example, melting point 49
20 parts of graphite powder (graphite carbon) to 120 parts of polyethylene glycol (6000) at °C.
Figure 4 shows the time and temperature changes when electricity is applied to systems containing 40, 60, and 80 parts. At 20 parts, the temperature does not rise, and at 80 parts, the temperature rises in a short time. I can't find the point. And 40-60
It works well at 40 parts and is stable at about 40°C at 60 parts.
It can be seen that the temperature is stable at about 50℃. At the beginning of energization, the electrical resistance is less than 500Ω and the current value is about 1.5A, but as the polyethylene glycol softens or melts, the resistance increases to 1900Ω, the current becomes less than 0.1A, and the equilibrium temperature of the Curie point is reached. . The pattern is shown in FIG. 5 in the case of 60 parts of graphite powder. Therefore, a polyethylene glycol heat storage medium mixed with 40 to 60 parts of carbon black becomes a conductive heat storage medium with a Curie point that does not require a heating heater or a thermostat, that is, a medium heating element, and 80 parts or more. The above mixture becomes a medium conducting wire that can be used in place of a conducting wire.
本考案は、以上のようなキユリー点を有する混
合比率のものを、そのままあるいは薄い織布、不
織布、スポンジシート等の非電導性シートに含浸
担持させて電導性蓄熱媒体シートとし、これをバ
スステツプ本体内に直接密封するか、あるいは２
枚の合成樹脂製シート間に挾んで独立した媒体発
熱体にすると共に、その内部に所定間隔をおい
て、導線を配設するのである。ここで用いられる
導線には、第２図に示したような金属導線３ａと
か、第３図に示したような媒体導線３ｂが用いら
れる。金属導線は従来より用いられている銅等で
ある。銅の場合は薄いテープ状のもので相当する
縁部にジグザグカツトを施すと通電性が極めて安
定する。媒体発熱体とは上述したカーボンブラツ
クと蓄熱媒体との電導性良好な混合比率のもの、
例え第４図の（80）物性のものを第３図にみられ
るように媒体導線として上記と同様に担持埋設し
たものも電気良導体である。 In the present invention, a conductive heat storage medium sheet is obtained by impregnating and supporting a mixture ratio having the above-mentioned Currie point on a non-conductive sheet such as a thin woven fabric, non-woven fabric, or sponge sheet, and this is used as a conductive heat storage medium sheet. or 2
It is sandwiched between two synthetic resin sheets to form an independent medium heating element, and conductive wires are placed inside it at predetermined intervals. The conducting wire used here may be a metal conducting wire 3a as shown in FIG. 2 or a medium conducting wire 3b as shown in FIG. The metal conducting wire is made of conventionally used copper or the like. In the case of copper, if you use a thin tape and make zigzag cuts on the corresponding edges, the conductivity will be extremely stable. The medium heating element is one with a good mix ratio of the above-mentioned carbon black and heat storage medium,
For example, a material having the physical property (80) shown in FIG. 4, which is supported and buried as a medium conductive wire in the same manner as above, as shown in FIG. 3, is also a good electrical conductor.
第３図は第２実施例を示す一部破断平面図であ
る。この例では、第４図の（40）特性を有する媒
体発熱体１を非電導性のバスステツプ本体２で密
封するに際し、木綿ガーゼに媒体発熱体１を含浸
させ、バスステツプの長手方向両端縁部には第４
図の80特性の混合物を筋状に含浸させて媒体導線
３ｂ，３ｂに使用している。そして、この部分か
ら金属リード線４，４を引出せばよいのである。 FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view showing the second embodiment. In this example, when sealing the medium heating element 1 having the characteristic (40) in FIG. is the fourth
The mixture having 80 characteristics as shown in the figure is impregnated in stripes and used for the medium conductors 3b, 3b. Then, the metal lead wires 4, 4 can be drawn out from this portion.
第１図に示す例はバスステツプの試作品であ
り、長さが800mm、幅500mm、厚みが10mmのバスス
テツプ本体内に、媒体発熱体を長さ780mm、幅480
mmの平面状となるよう配設して作つたものであ
る。この媒体発熱体の内部を第２図に示している
が、バスステツプ本体２がゴムとか樹脂製の場合
は、その両側に長く導線３を埋設しながら媒体発
熱体１を単に薄く充填するだけでよい。また、バ
スステツプ本体２が金属製の場合は、予め第２図
又は第３図に示したような独立した媒体発熱体シ
ートをバスステツプ上に置き、適当な方法でカバ
ーをするなどの方法により使用する。 The example shown in Figure 1 is a prototype bus step, with a medium heating element placed inside the bus step body measuring 800 mm in length, 500 mm in width, and 10 mm in thickness.
It was made by arranging it so that it had a flat shape of mm. The inside of this medium heating element is shown in Figure 2, but if the bus step main body 2 is made of rubber or resin, it is sufficient to simply fill it thinly with the medium heating element 1 while embedding a long conducting wire 3 on both sides. . In addition, if the bus step main body 2 is made of metal, use a method such as placing an independent medium heat generating sheet on the bus step in advance as shown in Fig. 2 or 3 and covering it in an appropriate manner. .
本考案のバスステツプは、例えば、100V交流
の通電直後はポリエチレングリコール（6000）60
部と黒鉛粉末が40部のものを使用した場合、
6.5Aもの電流が瞬時に流れるが、１分後には
1.6Aとなり、５分〜10分でほぼ平衡値の0.6Aに
なる。温度も24℃から37℃に達し、37℃以上には
上らないサーモスタツトとして作用する発熱体と
なり、厳寒期でも表面が凍らない保温バス乗降口
用ステツプとして最適なものである。従つて乗客
の安全を確保し、サーモスタツト等の温度調節部
材が不用であるから製造が容易かつ安価であり、
電力使用料が従来の電熱器使用の場合の約半分で
省エネタイプであり、水で濡れたり湿度の高い場
所でも安全に使用できるものである。 For example, the bus step of this invention is made of polyethylene glycol (6000) 60
When using 40 parts of graphite powder and 40 parts of graphite powder,
A current of 6.5A flows instantaneously, but after 1 minute
It becomes 1.6A, and it becomes almost the equilibrium value of 0.6A in 5 to 10 minutes. The temperature reaches between 24°C and 37°C, making it a heating element that acts as a thermostat that does not allow the temperature to rise above 37°C, making it ideal for use as an insulated bus entrance step that will not freeze on its surface even in the coldest months. Therefore, it ensures the safety of passengers, and since temperature control members such as thermostats are not required, it is easy and inexpensive to manufacture.
It is an energy-saving type that consumes about half the electricity cost of conventional electric heaters, and can be used safely even in wet or humid locations.
第１図は本考案の実施例であるバスステツプの
一部破断斜視図である。第２図は面状発熱体を示
す平面図、第３図は他の面状発熱体を示す平面図
である。第４図はポリエチレングリコールと黒鉛
粉末混合比を変えたものの通電時間と温度の関係
を示すグラフであり、第５図は第４図における黒
鉛粉末が60部の場合の媒体発熱体の通電初期の時
間と温度及び電流値の関係を示すグラフである。
１……媒体発熱体、２……バスステツプ本体、
３ａ……金属導線、３ｂ……媒体導線、４……リ
ード線。
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a bus step according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a planar heating element, and FIG. 3 is a plan view showing another planar heating element. Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between energization time and temperature when the mixing ratio of polyethylene glycol and graphite powder is changed, and Figure 5 is a graph showing the initial energization of the medium heating element when the graphite powder in Figure 4 is 60 parts. It is a graph showing the relationship between time, temperature, and current value. 1...Medium heating element, 2...Bath step body,
3a...Metal conductor wire, 3b...Medium conductor wire, 4...Lead wire.
Claims (1)
るポリエチレングリコールと電導性物質の炭素粉
末とからなるキユリー点を有する媒体発熱体１を
バスステツプ本体２によつて密封し、前記混合物
の媒体発熱体内に所定間隔をおいて導線３を配設
してなることを特徴とする媒体発熱体を内設した
バス乗降口用ステツプ。 A medium heating element 1 having a Curie point made of polyethylene glycol, which can change between a molten state and a solid state depending on temperature changes, and carbon powder, which is an electrically conductive substance, is sealed by a bath step main body 2, and a predetermined amount of the mixture is placed inside the medium heating element. A step for a bus entrance/exit having a medium heating element inside, characterized by conductive wires 3 arranged at intervals.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17052883U JPS6078676U (en) | 1983-11-02 | 1983-11-02 | Steps for bus entrances and exits with built-in media heating elements |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17052883U JPS6078676U (en) | 1983-11-02 | 1983-11-02 | Steps for bus entrances and exits with built-in media heating elements |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS6078676U JPS6078676U (en) | 1985-06-01 |
| JPH0351914Y2 true JPH0351914Y2 (en) | 1991-11-08 |
Family
ID=30372251
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP17052883U Granted JPS6078676U (en) | 1983-11-02 | 1983-11-02 | Steps for bus entrances and exits with built-in media heating elements |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS6078676U (en) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5225559A (en) * | 1975-08-20 | 1977-02-25 | Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd | Drive method of silicon ac control element |
| JPS54131139A (en) * | 1978-04-01 | 1979-10-12 | Kiichirou Sarui | Nonnweight type resistance heating element |
-
1983
- 1983-11-02 JP JP17052883U patent/JPS6078676U/en active Granted
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5225559A (en) * | 1975-08-20 | 1977-02-25 | Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd | Drive method of silicon ac control element |
| JPS54131139A (en) * | 1978-04-01 | 1979-10-12 | Kiichirou Sarui | Nonnweight type resistance heating element |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6078676U (en) | 1985-06-01 |
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