JPH0351670Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to the structure of a water chamber attachment part of a heat exchanger.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, the structure of the water chamber attachment part of a fixed tubesheet heat exchanger such as a seawater heat exchanger for a seawater desalination evaporator or a condenser is as shown in a partial vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. Water chamber 4 is extended to the outside of the tube plate itself.
Generally, it also serves as a flange for mounting.

However, in this type of heat exchanger, the tube sheet 1
Even if the calculated thickness of the tube itself can be made thin, in order to double the flange for attaching the water chamber 4, the tube plate must be thick enough for the strength of the flange and the thickness necessary to completely seal the fluid. It is uneconomical because the entire structure must be made thicker.

In seawater desalination evaporators and seawater heat exchangers, expensive materials such as copper alloys are used for corrosion resistance against seawater.In order to reduce the amount of these materials used, seawater is generally passed through the tube side. Of course, it will be a high-grade material such as copper alloy. Therefore, efforts are being made to make the tube sheets of these heat exchangers thinner in order to improve their economic efficiency.
Various tube sheet mounting structures are employed, as shown in the partial vertical cross-sectional views of FIGS. 5 and 6.

A detailed analysis of the tube sheet reveals that the tube group portion of the tube sheet 1 is normally supported by the tubes 2, so the stress generated is very small, and the stress is greatest at the tube sheet attachment portion. However, in the case of FIG. 4, since the rigidity of the flange 5 is high, the rotation of the peripheral portion of the tube sheet 1 is restrained, the stress at the tube sheet mounting portion becomes large, and the thickness of the tube sheet cannot be reduced very much.

In the case of Fig. 5, the restraining force against the rotation of the peripheral part of the tube plate 1 is slightly smaller, and the thickness of the tube plate against the pressure on the water chamber side can be made thinner, but when attaching the tube 2 to the tube plate 1, Since it is necessary to fix the tube plate by tightening the body flange 5 and the tube plate 1, it is impossible to make it thinner unnecessarily, and there is a drawback that if the gasket 7 on the body side deteriorates, it cannot be replaced.

On the other hand, in the case of FIG. 6, the restraining force against the rotation of the peripheral part of the tube sheet 1 is small, and the stress in areas other than the attachment part is large, but the stress in the attachment part is drastically reduced and is averaged out as a whole. The tube sheet thickness becomes very thin.

However, in this case, since the body 3 protrudes largely toward the water chamber 4 side, it becomes necessary to line a large area of the inner surface of the body 3 with the same high-grade material as the inner surface of the water chamber 4, which makes it possible to make the tube sheet thinner. effect is halved.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

The present invention was proposed in view of these circumstances, and is an economical structure for the water chamber mounting part of a heat exchanger that reduces the thickness of the tube plate and the lining area made of high-quality materials. The purpose is to provide.

[Means for solving problems]

To this end, the present invention provides a water chamber at the end of the body by closing the open end of the body housing a tube sheet supporting a plurality of parallel heat exchanger tubes with a water chamber plate via flanges and bolt nuts. A loose flange loosely inserted into the shell is brought into contact with a flange protruding from the open end of the shell, and the loose flange is tightened via a plurality of bolts and nuts to a flange protruding from the water chamber plate. It is characterized by

[Effect]

With such a configuration, it is possible to obtain an economical water chamber structure of the heat exchanger that reduces the thickness of the tube sheet and the area of lining made of high-grade material.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view thereof, and FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of FIG. 1.

First, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 5a denotes a loose flange according to the present invention, which abuts the flange at the end of the body and is fastened to the water chamber flange 6 via a gasket 7 with bolts and nuts 8.

Next, in FIG. 2, the body end is welded to the tube sheet 1, the loose flange 5a is in contact with the flange processed on the outer periphery of the tube sheet 1, and the bolt is attached to the water chamber flange 6 through the gasket 7. It is tightened with nut 8.

In such a structure, by adopting the loose flange 5a as the body flange, the rotation restraining force on the tube plate attachment part due to the high rigidity of the conventional body flange 5 does not work directly, and the lap part 10 is located on the water chamber side. Since it only needs to be thick enough to withstand the shearing force and bending moment received from the body flange due to pressure, it can be thin, and the rigidity that restrains the rotation of the tube sheet is small.

Therefore, the stress generated at the tube sheet attachment part becomes smaller, and the stress generated throughout the tube sheet is averaged.
The required thickness of the tube sheet can be made very thin,
Furthermore, the area for lining the inner surface of the trunk with a high-grade material is also very small in the case of FIG. 1, and the lining itself is not required in the case of FIG.

According to such a structure, the following effects can be achieved.

When high-grade materials must be used for the tubesheet, such as in seawater heat exchangers such as seawater desalination evaporators and condensers, the tubesheet can be made very thin, reducing costs.

In the case of a multi-stage flash evaporator, the water chamber plate is integrated with the water chamber of the adjacent stage heat exchanger, so when installing the water chamber, the bolt holes are difficult to match, making it difficult to install.However, in the case of this invention, the flange can be moved. Therefore, the bolt holes can be easily aligned, making installation easy.

[Effect of idea]

In short, according to the present invention, a water chamber is formed at the end of the shell by closing the open end of the shell containing a tube sheet that supports a plurality of parallel heat exchanger tubes with a water chamber plate via a flange and a bolt nut. A loose flange loosely inserted into the shell was brought into contact with a flange protruding from the open end of the shell, and the loose flange was tightened to a flange protruding from the water chamber plate via a plurality of bolts and nuts. This makes it possible to obtain an economical structure for the water chamber attachment part of a heat exchanger that reduces the thickness of the tube plate and the lining area made of high-grade material, making the present invention extremely useful industrially. be.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a partial vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial vertical sectional view showing a modification of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a partial vertical sectional view showing a known fixed tube plate heat exchanger. The longitudinal sectional views, FIGS. 4, 5, and 6 are partial longitudinal sectional views showing a known fixed tube plate heat exchanger different from FIG. 3, respectively. 1... Tube plate, 2... Tube, 3... Body, 4... Water chamber, 5a... Loose flange, 6... Water chamber flange, 7... Gasket, 8... Bolt/nut,
9... Lining, 10... Wrap section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In a case where a water chamber is formed at the body end by closing the open end of a body containing a tube plate that supports a plurality of parallel heat exchanger tubes with a water chamber plate via a flange and bolts/nuts, the open end of the body A loose flange loosely inserted into the body is brought into contact with a flange protruding from the water chamber plate, and the loose flange is tightened via a plurality of bolts and nuts to a flange protruding from the water chamber plate. Structure of the water chamber attachment part of the heat exchanger.