JPH03504575A - Equipment for finishing and strengthening the surface of rotating bodies with complex shapes - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Field of invention: Apparatus for finishing and strengthening the surface of a rotating body having a complex shape The present invention generally relates to surface plastic strain processing. aiaiB) metal workpieces (s+etal works) machines Regarding processing, and more specifically, finishing and strengthening the surface of rotating bodies with complex shapes. (finish 5treBtheniB) .

The present invention is applicable to the automobile and aircraft industry, electrical engineering, hydraulic equipment manufacturing. ie instrument making), indoor equipment and household appliances Applications can be found in industries involved in the production of textiles and finishing of parts in the textile industry. I can do it.

In the aircraft industry, reinforcement bolts and the surface of wheel brake drums are reinforced. In particular, it is most effective to utilize the present invention.

Background of the invention Nowadays, demands on the quality of mechanical parts that operate under conditions of varying loads are increasing. Aims to increase resistance to fatigue failure of critical mechanical components Current finish strengthening equipment does not achieve the desired quality characteristics when tested for low cycle fatigue. cannot guarantee gender.

Increasing the service life of elements used in aircraft engineering (eleser+ts) The issue of availability is particularly important.

The reason for this is that, in general, mechanical Due to the fact that the useful life of the parts being machined is much shorter than the life of the aircraft body. Based on.

Strengthen the flat, tapered, and spherical surfaces of rotating bodies, and also process To strengthen the fillet between such surfaces in an object Several different finish-enhancing devices are usually used when finishing. This is a processed product shorten the future useful life of each such workpiece and at the same time In turn, stress concentrations with beneficial effects occur on the workpiece surface.

Devices for reinforcing the fillets of machine parts are known, which device holds rollers. Power to burnish the mandrel and the fillet of the processed product. It includes a holder with means for dispensing.

However, this device can only be used to machine the fillet area of the workpiece. I can't.

The workpiece is produced by rolling a roller with axial feed over a continuous polished blade. processed. To achieve the desired degree of reinforcement, the fillet surface of the workpiece is A considerable number of cycles are given at each point on the surface of There are cases.

This in turn creates metal ridges at the edges of the processing zone, and these ridges This causes initial damage to the post-processed product.

The above facts have a negative impact on the quality of machining and also reduce the useful life of the workpiece during operation. shorten life.

Additionally, this equipment is capable of machining parts of the workpiece (i.e. the fillets of the workpiece). Since it can only be used for various purposes, it does not have sufficient versatility.

There are known devices for strengthening various workpieces or different parts of one workpiece. .

To machine the outer cylindrical surface of the workpiece, two straining rollers and A mandrel to which a housing containing 3 to 4 support rollers is fixed, and an upper One of the above devices is used, including means for supplying a polished blade that acts on the cylindrical surface. be done.

However, this device does not produce metal ridges on the workpiece surface due to collisions in the workpiece. It can only be used to machine only the cylindrical area of the workpiece, leaving the origin intact.

For machining fillets, other equipment is required, especially for straining. Mandrel that holds the roller and provides the force to polish and finish the fillet surface. It is necessary to use a device containing means.

Using this device, the fillet is cut by rolling the roller over the fillet area with a continuous polished blade. Processed by filtering.

However, metal ridges tend to form at the edges of the processing zone; The quality of machining will be adversely affected and the useful life of the workpiece will be shortened. Incur consequences.

In order to machine different parts of the same workpiece, it is necessary to use several devices. Each of the above devices does not have sufficient versatility because , which in turn has an adverse effect on the quality of the machined workpiece and reduces machining efficiency. invite.

A foyer that holds two toroidal (5-shape) rollers. The forlrshipped rocker is fixed by a pivot. W (SU, ^, see 931.426) are also known. In addition, this device can be processed A housing including means in the housing for applying a radial force to the surface roller. has a folder.

In this device, the distance between the rollers is smaller than the distance between both end faces of the spool type workpiece. Under these conditions, the end face, fillet and cylindrical surface of the spool type workpiece are continuously Can be used for processing.

While machining the workpiece surface with this device, double of processing band, thereby providing excessive distortion in the intermediate band while at the same time The quality of the machining is reduced due to the appearance of special stress concentrations.

Since the deformation force is generated in the direction of the angle to the axis of the roller, this roller It is also noted that the pins that are present are susceptible to interference.

Another drawback is the lack of versatility, therefore this equipment can machine The shape of the workpiece is limited.

The toroid part of the roller expands around the radius, and the metal corresponds to the area of contact. Due to the shape of the The ridges of the pressed metal are now on the machined surface of the fillet. In the middle part of the spool-type workpiece, a metal ridge remains in the middle zone. All the above phenomena have a negative impact on the quality of machining.

Summary of the invention The present invention provides a device for finishing and strengthening the surface of a rotating body having a complex shape. The purpose of this device is to continuously process surfaces with complex geometries. Ensures sequential machining, thus improving the quality of the machined surface, And they are being refined to increase the production capacity of such equipment.

The object of the invention is to provide a fork-shaped bearing rotatable roller with a toroidal surface. includes a rocker and a holder, and the housing of the holder acts on the surface of the rotating body A circuit of complex geometry containing the means for supplying the radial force of the rollers. In a device for finishing and strengthening the surface of a rolling body, the device according to the invention a slide biased by and pivotally connected to said fork-shaped rocker; The slider has a roller that acts on the surface of the rotating body to be machined. acting in conjunction with means for providing a radial force such that said roller has an additional toroidal surface that is smoothly connected to the surface, and this Additional toroid surface generation line (11ener-ating 1ine) , the fork-shaped rocker and the slider are connected to the joint shaft by a pivot. This is achieved by drawing the radius indicated by the center of the circle.

As a result of the above structural arrangement of the device proposed here, the rollers are oriented on the surface being machined during finish hardening, so that novel physical phenomena are involved. ing. In this phenomenon, there is no flow of metal toward the machined surface (backward creep). On the other hand, at the center of deformation, the area of the metal slip line and its flow zone, where the metal flows exclusively toward the unprocessed side (progressive creep). This is attributed to the fact that it is distributed and oriented in a manner that shows a tendency. The above phenomenon is due to processing With respect to the polishing feed direction of the object, an axial elastic-plastic wave is created in front of the roller. Cheating.

While machining each point on the surface of the metal workpiece, the polishing force is released to ensure the finish is complete. Whereas completely vanishing elastic deformation occurs at the boundary between the roller contact point and the machined surface. The surface undergoes all stages of deformation as the roller moves along the surface. Continuously pass through the floors. This, in turn, is caused by contact between the roller and the workpiece surface. The plastic component of the metal ridge or elastic-plastic wave is formed. to prevent

The main toroidal surface of the roller smoothly joins the additional toroidal surface. This additional toroidal surface generation line pivots the fork-shaped rocker. drawn by the radius indicated by the center of the circle that lies on the axis connected to the slider in The fact that it is possible is quite important. This structure of the device is such that the front of the roller It does not allow any part of the creeping elastic-plastic wave to separate and move behind the roller.

A technical solution to this problem known in the prior art is to The waves of metal creeping toward each other cannot be prevented from separating, thereby causing another This method requires termination to process the surface and the equipment is readjusted (roller between the end face of the workpiece and the fillet. Similarly, at the interface between two differently shaped surfaces, a metal ridge remains on the machined surface.

In contrast to prior art finish strengthening methods, the axial elasticity of one type of surface - When the dimensions of the plastic metal waves are larger than those with respect to the surface of another type, the difference At the point where the minute enters this other surface, it is pushed in so that this second surface appears. Strengthening of the part (strengtheniB) is increased. Even on uniform surfaces , by finishing the polishing feed and repeating the rotation of the roller on the same surface area. to create an elastic-plastic wave, and to compress the dimensional difference in the metal wave. The same result can be obtained by applying a polishing feed. proposed here The equipment can carry out the above method and improve the quality of the processed surface .

Additionally, the metal waves have an axial elasticity that helps to strengthen the surface of the workpiece. Plastic waves 1.8 Important points for each type of twisted metal surface, which has its own dimensions and shape. is when the dimensions of the axial elastic-plastic waves are not sufficient to ensure surface reinforcement. Then, stop the polishing feed and start polishing the roll on the same surface area. It is to let The shape of the roll is such that elastic-plastic waves increase in front of the roll. In contrast, the shape is such that no backflow of metal toward the machined surface occurs.

Preferably, the slider of the proposed device exhibits a T-shape and its water One end of the flat ledge houses the spring, while near the other end of this ledge there is a is arranged with a connecting shaft in which the slider and fork-shaped rocker are connected by a pivot. It is.

At the point where different surfaces are machined in succession and the surface of the mold extends to the surface of another mold. , a device such as the one described above is not machined, since no ridges are formed in the pressed metal. In addition to improving and stabilizing the surface quality of Increase the production capacity of the equipment by being able to process any type of surface let

Preferably, the means for applying a force in the radial direction of the roll to the surface of the rotating body to be processed is It is made of a rod with a spring attached.

Such a mechanism of this means makes maximum use of the surface of the rotating body, which has a complex shape. This can facilitate machining with the applied radial force.

Preferably, the radius of the toroid surface of the roll is 0.0 mm smaller than the minimum radius of the surface of the rotating body. 3-0.4 am small.

This allows processing of surfaces of rotating bodies with complex shapes without causing roll failure. can do.

Another advantage is that cutting effects can be prevented, i.e. the metal can be removed from the surface to be machined. Rather, the metal surface is strengthened when it is removed. Another advantage is that As a result of the absence of pressed metal waves on the machined surface, the quality of the surface of the rotating body is improved. That is.

In view of the above-mentioned matters, in order to finish and strengthen the surface of a rotating body with a complex shape, The device of the present invention has versatility and is easy to manufacture. definitely improve.

Brief description of the drawing Reference is now made to specific embodiments of the invention taken together with the accompanying drawings. I will explain it in more detail. In the attached drawings, FIG. 1 shows the proposed device in a partially cutaway sectional view; and FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a method of machining a workpiece having fillets.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A device that finishes and strengthens the surface of a rotating body with a complex shape is the rotation of the vertical axis of the roller itself. It includes a fork-shaped rocker 1 (Fig. 1) containing rollers 2 which can be rotated. I'm here.

Furthermore, this device that finishes and strengthens the surface of a rotating body with a complicated shape has a holder 3. The housing 4 of this holder 3 has rollers on the surface of the rotating body to be machined. It houses means for supplying two radial forces.

In this embodiment, the means for applying the radial force of the roller 2 to the surface of the rotating body are , in the form of a rod element 5 which is biased by a spring 6.

The lower end of the rod element 5 presses the spring 6 against the surface of the rotating body to be machined. , has a nut 7 for producing the radial force exerted by the roller 2.

The means for supplying the radial force of the roller 2 is provided by applying a roller to the surface of the rotating body to be machined. It should be constructed of other suitable structure known to ensure that the force of the roller 2 is exerted. Can be done.

A roller is placed between the fork-shaped rocker 1 and the holder 3 on the surface of the rotating body to be machined. A slider 8 is provided which acts in conjunction with means for ensuring the application of two forces.

This slider 8 has a T-shape. One end 9 of its horizontal shelf 10 is a disk. near the other end 12 of the same shelf lO. is provided with a pin 13 which pivotally connects the slider 8 to the fork-shaped rocker 1. has been done. A pivot connecting the slider 8 to the fork-shaped rocker 1 The slider 8 and the tip 12 of the horizontal shelf-like protrusion 10 of the slider 8 approaching the ring 13 are A fork around the bin 13 that is pivotally connected to the fork-shaped locker 1 Insert the bolt 14 to limit the swing of the rocker 1 on one side. holes are provided.

The fork-shaped rocker 1 has a disc spring fixed on the slider 8. A hole is provided coaxially with the bolt 11 to receive the bolt 15. This ball The foot 15 cooperates with the disc spring 11 to move the leaf on the disc spring 11. A window is provided to limit the swing of the fork-shaped rocker 1 on the other side.

The spring 11 can be constructed separately, and in this case the bolt 15 is It must be adapted to work together with spring 11.

This device is a one-bath (one-bath) method for finishing the surface of rotating bodies with complex shapes. one path), thereby improving the quality of the machined surface. It is possible to improve, increase processing efficiency, and increase the production capacity of this equipment become.

The lower part 16 of the slider 8 is arranged in the top of the housing 4 of the holder 3 and is A rod of means for supplying the radial force of the roller 2 to the surface of the rotating body to be machined. 6 can be contacted.

The roller 2 has a main toroidal surface 17 and an additional toroidal surface 18 .

This additional toroidal surface 18 has a fork-shaped line of origin with the slider 8. The center O of the circle that exists on the axis of the pin 13 that connects the rocker 1 in a pivot shape. It is formed as described by radius R.

This additional toroidal surface shape allows the roller to The forward moving elastic-plastic wave of roller 2 is allowed to move from behind the roller 2 to the machined surface. I don't.

The radius R of the additional toroidal surface 18 was tested during the design of this proposed device. This radius R is determined by the structural considerations to be considered; The dimensions of the workpiece, the material of the workpiece, the dimensions of the bearings, the machines that are combined with this device, etc. Therefore, it can be determined. The radius r of the main toroidal surface 17 of the roller 2 is It is preselected so that the roller can be applied to the fillet of the workpiece without causing disturbance.

In this case, this radius is greater than the smallest radius of all fillets of the workpiece being processed. It is sufficient if the diameter is smaller by 0.3 to 0.4M. Whereas no known machine tool can be adapted to small fillets, 0 ．． The radius of the main toroidal surface 17 of the roller 2 equal to 7H is 1u, Zwm, 3 111.4 Parts with ww fillets can be strengthened. small fillet is most often present in mechanical engineering.

Depending on the material characteristics of the workpiece, the radius r of the main toroid surface of roller 2 is set to 0.3~ It is not a good idea to give a radius smaller than 0.4 my; This is because the processed surface of the fillet creates waves of squeezed metal that cause a cutting action. be.

In the presence of a large value, roller 2 moves within the oak piece material. Something happens that disappears.

Within these values, the elastic, plastic waves of the squeezed metal are When machining the entire surface of the oak piece in the fillet, in front of the end of roller 2. always exists.

FIG. 2 illustrates the outline of strengthening the workpiece 19 having the fillet 20.

The workpiece 19 with the fillet 20 is transferred to the roller 2 under optimal conditions in the deformation zone. This allows continuous processing in two directions.

The figure shows the state in which deformation bands develop on a plane, i.e. when machining various surfaces. contact spots 21, 22, 23 are shown.

For a cylindrical surface (e.g. the surface of a rod) this is an elliptical spot 21. As for the fillet 20 (torus shape), it is an elliptical square with a large long axis. from the pot 21 to an oval spot 22 with a small long axis, then torn produces a continuous change that gradually transitions to a shaped spot 23; a flat surface 25 (edge ), this is a torn-shaped spot 23.

The device of the present invention proposed for finishing and strengthening the surface of a rotating body uses the following method. That's what it's like to be driven.

This device is fixed by a holder 3 to a carriage (not shown) of a lathe.

By deftly manipulating the nut 7 and thus causing the spring 6 to act on the roller 2. This creates a preliminary radial tension.

Next, by applying the disc spring 11 with the bolts 14 and 15, This creates a pre-tension in the axial direction.

Next, rotation of the workpiece 19 is started and the device is brought close to this workpiece.

When the roller 2 comes into contact with the workpiece 19, the spring 6 applies the force of the spring to the workpiece to be machined. Apply a pre-compression force and after this (as shown in Figure 2 illustrating the processing of the rod) Open the axial feed to start machining the cylindrical part of the workpiece (so that the The radial forces on a given surface are maximized by It will be done.

When the roller 2 passes through the center of the torus of the workpiece 19, the roller 2 It begins to rock with the fork-shaped rocker 1 on the bin 13, and the disc spring The ring 11 applies an axial force of increasing magnitude to the workpiece 19 and the roller 2 This force is maximized when the toroid moves from its toroidal section to its end face.

At this point, if the axial feed is changed to the radial feed, the end face of the workpiece 19 will be machined. be done.

The device proposed here can be used to clean various surfaces (e.g. cylindrical surface 24, fillet 20). and planes 25), the rollers 2 cooperate with these surfaces. As long as the most exploited deformation zone or center (contact spot) will be provided.

Maximum utilization of contact spots 21, 22, 23 of each mold to process the above surfaces be done. Of particular interest is the processing of toroid surfaces. Add torus At the initial stage of construction, the contact spot 21 has an elliptical shape with a large long axis. This prevents the flow of metal towards the machined surface and the formation of waves in the squeezed metal. Ru. As always occurs after passing the midpoint of the torus, the roller 2 moves onto the workpiece 19. As soon as the end face is applied, the disc spring 11 that increases the axial force causes a pressing force. Start. At the same time, the roller 2 swings continuously, thereby increasing the length of the major axis. and the area of contact spot 21 is reduced. Pre-calculated negative on the surface to be machined After the load is applied in this machining stage, the radial feed is started and the axial feed is ends. Therefore, the passage of said three stages of contact spots 21, 22, 23 is caused. It is important to note that feed is always present while machining the surface of the workpiece. It is possible. It is guaranteed that the squeezed metal wave moves in front of roller 2 continuously. As a result, the machining quality of the rotating body surface having a complicated shape is improved.

In order to avoid the metal from being raised due to the elastic-plastic wave moving forward of the roller 2, the processing Remove roller 2 from the work zone and gradually reduce the polishing force to zero. This ends the machining process.

The elastic-plastic wave that occurs in front of the roller 2 and determines the machining quality of the workpiece 19 The dimensions are based on the geometric dimensions of roller 2, the polishing conditions with the roll, and the material of the workpiece. on the workpiece 19 of the roller 2 during physical and mechanical properties and finish strengthening. depending on the relative position of the be done.

The technical applicability of the device proposed here is correlated with the processing quality of the workpiece 19. and this quality is a major goal.

The range to which the device proposed here can be applied depends on the parameters of the machine tool used. It also depends on the shape and size of the workpiece and its material.

Industrial applicability The present invention is useful for finishing and strengthening mechanical parts in the automobile industry, aircraft manufacturing and other industrial fields. It can be used to

The invention strengthens the surface of high strength bolts and wheel brake drums in aircraft Therefore, it can be used to maximum advantage.

When processing parts with complex shapes using the device proposed here, such parts The products last 80% longer than those processed with known equipment.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A fork holding a rotatable roller (2) with a toroidal surface (17) comprising a shaped rocker (1) and a holder (3), and a housing of this holder (3) (4) houses means for applying the radial force of the roller acting on the surface of the rotating body; In an apparatus for finishing and strengthening the surface of a rotating body having a complicated structure, A device is biased by a spring and pivotally coupled to the fork-shaped rocker. The slider (8) has a rotating body to be machined. acting in conjunction with means for applying a radial force by means of rollers acting on the surface of said The roller (2) joins the main toroid surface (17) in a smooth series. has an additional toroidal surface (18), and this additional toroidal surface (18) ) is located at the pivot between the fork-shaped rocker (1) and the slider (8). The radius (R) indicated by the center (O) of the circle that exists on the bond axis (13) that is bonded by In order to finish and strengthen the surface of a rotating body that has a complex structure characterized by equipment. 2. The slider (8) exhibits a T-shape and one end (9) of its horizontal shelf (10). ) houses the spring (11), while near the other end (12) of this shelf (10) In particular, there is a shaft (13) that connects the slider and the fork-shaped rocker (1) in a pivot shape. 2. The device according to claim 1, further comprising: a. 3. The means for applying the radial force of the roller to the surface of the rotating body to be machined is 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of a ribbed rod (5). 4. The radius (r) of the toroid surface (17) of the roller (2) is Claim 1 characterized in that the radius is smaller than the minimum radius of the surface by 0.3 to 0.4 mm. The device described.