JPH03504105A - Method for iron hydrostatic separation of mechanical mixture particles and apparatus for iron hydrostatic separation of mechanical mixture particles - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Method for separating mechanical mixture particles from iron hydrostatics and mechanical mixture particles from iron hydrostatics equipment for separation Technical field The present invention relates to the upgrading of ores, mechanically mixed particles with iron hydrostatic separation (rerrroh). 5eparation) and mechanical mixing It is of particular relevance to devices for hydrostatic separation of particles.

Background technology In the face of increasing global demand for non-ferrous metals, The decrease in the amount of value that occurs in the ore of the mountain (run or m1ns) is constantly increasing. Tend. For this purpose, electrical cables of specific quality and scraps from the electrical engineering industry are Large-scale utilization of non-ferrous multi-component scrap is required. But long commercially viable scrap separation equipment that can reduce the problem of non-ferrous metal shortages. does not exist anywhere.

Several companies in Japan and the United States are using pilot-scale iron hydrostatic separators to Experimenting with a newly developed method for density-dependent separation of cut non-ferrous metal scrap It recorded extraordinary success. However, mechanically mixed particle separation is not suitable. The quality could not be reached. 80% of aluminum when reclaiming copper and zinc only was isolated and the rest was mixed with copper and zinc.

A device was developed for iron hydrostatic separation of mechanical mixture particles with a capacity of 3 tons/hour. It is currently in commercial operation in the Soviet Union. However, the separation quality of the particles in the mixture is after using the device for a long period of time. Research has shown that this is a winding that generates heat. Attributable to the transfer of heat by conduction from the νindlngs to the ferromagnetic liquid, As a result, it was found that this was due to a change in the apparent density of this liquid.

Efforts to improve the quality of particle separation have focused on iron hydrostatic separation (USSR Patent No. 1,101. This culminated in the development of the method (No. 304).

According to a known method, a ferromagnetic liquid heated to around 50°C to 60°C becomes a liquid. Exists in interpole space that forms columns and obtains apparent density Placed in a non-uniform magnetic field. Mechanical mixture of particles sprinkled onto the surface of a strong magnetic liquid be done. Hydrostatic pressure acts on mixture particles whose density is smaller than the apparent density of the ferromagnetic liquid. floats to the upper layer of the liquid column. The density is greater than the apparent density of the ferromagnetic liquid. The particles in the mixture sink to the bottom of the liquid column due to gravity. Constant temperature of ferromagnetic liquid is maintained during the process of separating the particles of the mechanical mixture.

The known method consists of a bipolar magnetic system whose contour has a non-uniform magnetic field in the interpolated space and Container containing a ferromagnetic liquid located also in the pole and attached to the pole above. It is embodied in a device that includes an electric heater and a contact thermometer. strength means are attached to the poles for supplying a granular mechanical mixture that coats the surface of the magnetic liquid; Means are attached to the container for discharging separated particles of the mechanical mixture. that An electric heater with a contact thermometer in contact with the ferromagnetic liquid at 50°C to 60°C It serves to heat and maintain the temperature within this range.

To operate the known device, the volume confined in the interpolation space of the magnetic system is The ferromagnetic liquid contained in the container is heated to the above temperature, and this temperature is controlled by an electric heater. The ferromagnetic liquid volume remains constant at any point during the separation process by flashing. will be maintained.

In the known method, fine mechanical mixtures with closely spaced density values (0,4 to 0. 9) Separates particles very well. Heating a ferromagnetic liquid reduces its effective viscosity, As a result, viscous drag is also reduced. for separation The conditions for separation are also improved, thus improving the quality of the separation process. Known methods are coarse-grained It is not possible to separate the quality of a compound (more than 10 fins). The heating of ferromagnetic liquids is Reduces density and inhibits separation results.

A higher liquid column is installed in the interpolation space for successful separation of coarse particulate material. There is a need. However, as the height of the liquid column increases, the upper layer of ferromagnetic liquid and The difference between the density of the mechanical mixture particles increases while the difference between the values of the apparent density of the and bottom layer increases. is known to remain the same. This allows the above two differences to be , which further worsens the separation.

Disclosure of invention The appearance can be varied within the height of the liquid column by changing the ferromagnetic liquid temperature. Iron hydrostatically separates the mixture particles mechanically, allowing the differences between the density values to be smoothed out. and would also lead to varying the ferromagnetic liquid temperature. provides an apparatus for iron hydrostatic separation of mechanical mixture particles having a structural configuration of , thereby improving the separation of particles with sizes greater than 10+m and close densities. It is an object of the present invention to do so.

In accordance with this and other objects, the subject matter of the present invention is to provide an iron hydrostatic separation of particles of a mixture. In this method, a ferromagnetic liquid is is placed in an inhomogeneous magnetic field that forms a liquid column and acquires an apparent density, and the mechanical Particles of the mixture are scattered on the surface of a ferromagnetic liquid, thereby increasing its density. The mechanical mixture, which is smaller than the apparent density of the ferromagnetic material, is moved to the upper layer of the liquid column by hydrostatic pressure. , and the particles of the mechanical mixture whose density is greater than the apparent density of the ferromagnetic liquid The liquid settles to the bottom layer of the column due to gravity, and according to the invention, The temperature of the ferromagnetic liquid in the In comparison, the temperature gradient above the height of the column is constant and the gradient vector is It changes by 3 to 5% as if it were directed to the bottom layer of the column.

Advantageously, the value of the temperature gradient is between 1°C and 3°C.

If embodied in the manner described above, the disclosed method allows the density to conditions that allow efficient implementation of the method for separating coarser particles in mixtures with be.

The point is that the advantageous factor is the pattern of apparent density distribution within the height of the liquid column. This means reducing the degree of difference between

According to Curie-Veiss's law, the high The bulk magnetic 5usceptibility is In the upper layer of the liquid column, its temperature varies inversely with its lower temperature compared to the bottom layer. apparent secret Since degree is a function of high magnetic susceptibility, its value increases somewhat in the upper layer of the liquid column. , descending in the bottom layer. This is due to the difference in apparent density between the bottom layer and the top layer of the liquid column. or, in other words, the apparent density of the ferromagnetic liquid in the column. Let's flatten the cloth pattern. For the separation of mechanical mixture particles with closely spaced densities Improvements in the conditions are achieved in this way.

The disclosed method shows that effective separation of particles with a size of 10 m+a or more is achieved by mechanical mixing. Flatten the apparent density distribution pattern from the bottom layer to the top layer so that it can be implemented from the object It increases the height of the column of ferromagnetic liquid without inhibiting it.

The object of the invention is an apparatus for iron hydrostatic separation of particles of a mixture, the apparatus comprising: A magnetic system with two poles whose outer part constitutes a non-uniform magnetic field in a copole space, and a copole A container with a ferromagnetic liquid attached to a pole in space, above the surface of the ferromagnetic liquid particles of the mechanical mixture located and connected to at least one of the poles; A device for dispensing the separated particles of the mixture and a mechanical device attached to its container. According to the invention, the container incorporates means for draining the ferromagnetic liquid. Heat located along the longitudinal axis of the interpole space in the liquid column between the layers and the bottom layer It is also embodied by the fact that it has an exchanger.

The above features in the design of equipment for iron hydrostatic separation of particles of mechanical mixtures are close ensuring irreproachable separation of coarser particles with a higher density.

The heat exchanger allows for control over the temperature of the ferromagnetic liquid.

By being located in a liquid column according to the invention, the heat exchanger A temperature gradient setting is provided that is oriented from the top layer to the bottom layer of the liquid. This is it Therefore, the temperature of the upper layer of a ferromagnetic liquid, for example, 10 wam below the surface and 10 mm thick, is the bottom. The temperature of the layer is maintained somewhat below. The vertical position of the heat exchanger in the interpolation space is large. The distribution pattern of the apparent density of the ferromagnetic liquid in the column of the portion is flattened.

1. Simple explanation Other objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the detailed description of its preferred embodiments and the following drawings. It will be clear.

Figure 1 shows a vertical front view of the apparatus for iron hydrostatic separation of particles of mechanical mixtures according to the invention. It is a cross-sectional diagram.

Figure 2 illustrates in isometric projection the apparatus for iron hydrostatic separation of mechanical mixture particles according to the invention. .

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The method of iron hydrostatic separation embodied in accordance with the invention separates copper and brass into particles with a particle size of 10 to 30 degrees. It was used to remanufacture radio electronic equipment from scrap.

Figure 11: According to i, an inhomogeneous magnetic field is set in the interpolar space 1, 2 forms a liquid column with height h = 100em and apparent specific gravity ρa - 8800k It is provided in the interpole space to obtain g/TIi. The temperature of ferromagnetic liquid 2 is 40 °C in the bottom layer 3 with a thickness of 10 mm from the bottom of the column, and the top of the liquid column. The temperature was changed to 30° C. at 4 on the top with a thickness of 10 μl below the surface. Thus , the temperature gradient vector will be directed from the top layer 4 to the bottom layer 3. Temperature gradient is liquid It is constant within the height h of the body column, ie 1° C. per 10 dragons.

Shredded radio electronics equipment scrap with a particle size of 10-30 mm is used as a ferromagnetic liquid. Sprayed on the surface of the body 2.

Copper particles with a density of 9100 b/m, i.e., than the apparent density ρa of the ferromagnetic liquid. Those with high density sink to the bottom layer 3 of the column due to gravity. ferromagnetic liquid 8200) cg/m which is smaller than the apparent specific gravity ρa of! X brass particles with a density of rises to the surface of the ferromagnetic liquid 2 due to hydrostatic pressure.

A shredded scrap of a radio set in the form of a 10-30 inch copper and brass mixture. The method of separating the light values, which are brass, and the heavy values, which are in the form of copper, is carried out at a rate of 3t/hour. occurs in Undesired admixtures of the former in the latter and vice versa are 2% each. and less than 1%.

For better understanding of the invention, heavy particles of the admixture are shown as black circles and light particles are shown as open circles. Indicated by

Apparatus for iron hydrostatic separation of particles of mechanical mixtures according to the invention, from 10 to 30 mm Recycles copper and brass from shredded scraps of household radio sets with a grain size of Consider the equipment used to collect As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the device: A magnetic system having two poles N and S, the contour of which constitutes a non-uniform magnetic field in the interpole space 1. a stem, having a ferromagnetic liquid 2 disposed in the interpole space 1 and coupled to the poles N and S; It includes a container 6. The magnetic field strength H ranges from maximum at the bottom of poles N and 2S to the top of the poles. varies up to a minimum in . Container 6 allows the discharge of separated particles of the mechanical mixture. It is equipped with an accelerating vibration means (not shown). The device mechanically feeds the particles of the mixture It rests on the surface of the ferromagnetic liquid 2 along the interpolar space in order to It is filled with scraps from a radio set, and there are two on the surface of the ferromagnetic liquid 2. A device 7 is provided which is arranged to form regions 8 and 8a. Area 8 and 8a extend along poles S and N, respectively, and intersect the lines of magnetic flux.

The device 7 for feeding the mechanical mixture consists of a rectangular case 9 secured to the pole N-8. an internal compartment with separating elements in the form of inclined shelves 11 that overlap each other; It has a cut of 10. The separation member is also attached to the side wall of the case 9. Slanted shelf 1 The injection end 12 of 1 is located very close to the surface of the ferromagnetic liquid 2, and S and They are oriented alternately toward the north pole. Case 9 is connected to pole N with two brackets 13. and S.

As can be seen in FIG. The heat exchanger 14 is immersed in the liquid column with the longitudinal direction of 1 as the axis. . The heat transfer medium enters the heat exchanger 14 through the vibrator 15 and leaves it through the vibrator 16. It is discharged from here. A thermometer 17 attached to the case 9 measures temperature during the separation process. Monitor the temperature of the magnetic liquid 2.

The device has a mechanical built-in container 6 for discharging the separated particles of the mixture. Means 18 are provided. This means mechanically removes the mixture from the area as far as possible. It consists of a flat member 19 attached to the side wall of the container 6 in the remote area.

One end of the member 19 includes a passage 20 and a passage 2 for discharging heavy particles and light particles, respectively. 1 and extends outward from the end of the container 6.

The poles N-S of the magnetic system 5 are held firmly in the frame 22. magnetic system The two field fields 23 of 5 are also mounted on the bracket 2 on the frame 25 which rests on the foundation. It is attached to a frame 22 supported by 4.

During operation, when a current is passed through the field coil 23 of the magnetic system 5 (FIG. 1), the interpolation space 1 A ferromagnetic liquid in which the inhomogeneous magnetic field created by Acts on body 2. Rectangular case 9 made of shredded scraps of a home radio set is filled into the inside. The scrap particles move on the inclined shelf 11 and reach the last shelf 11. It falls from the end 12 onto the areas 8 and 8a on the surface of the ferromagnetic liquid 2. Region 8 is the south pole The region 8a is located adjacent to the north pole. The two filling areas 8 and 8a are Increase the capacity of the equipment to 3t/hour.

Acted by the horizontal component of hydrostatic pressure, the particles quickly reveal the filling areas 8 and 8a. pass and move in the axial direction of the interpolation space 1, while new particles of scrap move into the filling area. 8 and 8a. The density is smaller than the apparent density ρa of the ferromagnetic liquid 2 Brass particles float to the surface. Copper whose density is greater than the apparent density ρa of the ferromagnetic liquid The particles sink to the bottom of the column of ferromagnetic liquid 2 due to gravity.

Since the vector of the horizontal component of hydrostatic pressure coincides with the vector of particle velocity, the floc ( floe) is not formed and the transport of copper and brass particles is also unbound in the disclosed apparatus. I can continue without giving up. Separation occurs but the capacity of the device increases. Brass rising to the surface The particles are then transferred to a hopper (not shown) by means 18 for discharging the separated particles. ) towards the passage 21 (FIG. 2) where it is filled. Due to the vibration of the ejecting means 18 The exposed copper settling particles are directed to another hopper towards the passage 20 where the particles are filled. (not shown).

The ferromagnetic liquid is heated by the heat generated by the field coil 23 of the magnetic system 2 during operation. As the body 2 warms up, its apparent density ρa gradually changes. 3-5% from the normal value The fluctuation requires a change in the temperature of the ferromagnetic liquid in column h.

For that purpose, a heat transfer medium, e.g. hot water, is passed through the vibrator 15 to the heat exchanger 1. 4. Under a temperature of 40 °C with a thickness of 101111 from the bottom of column h A temperature of 30 °C is set in layer 3 (Figure 1) and the thickness of the ferromagnetic liquid 2 is 10 °C below the surface. It is set in the upper layer 4 of column h with In this way, a constant temperature of 1℃ A gradient vector is set in column h pointing from top layer 4 to bottom layer 3.

The temperature of the bottom layer 3 and the temperature of the top layer 4 are monitored by a thermometer 17 and kept constant throughout the separation process. maintained at a constant level.

According to Curie-Weiss law, the magnetic susceptibility of most ferromagnetic liquids depends on their temperature. Changes with an inverse correlation. Therefore, the ferromagnetic liquid 2 in the bottom layer 3 and the top layer 4 of column h The difference in the values of the apparent density ρa decreases, and the distribution pattern of the column apparent density ρa decreases. The area is flattened. This shows that the separation of copper and h brass with closely valued densities is followed by 1-j improve the conditions under which

Industrial applicability This device for ferrous hydrostatic separation allows density-dependent regeneration of non-magnetic, non-ferrous active components from scrap. It can also be used advantageously to improve the quality of ores.

The device according to the invention is capable of handling light-value materials in the form of aluminum or copper and Heavy valuables in the form of lead and lead-covered W when processing automobile scrap The waste is separated by particle size of 30 to 10100e (mixture of lead, copper and aluminum). The undesirable admixture of heavy value into light value can be avoided. 1% or less, and the amount of light value mixed into heavy value is 2% or less.

The capacity of the device is 5 t/hour and the power requirement is 6.0 kWh in this case. these As a result, high quality alloys can be melted from the product to be separated.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A non-uniform magnetic field is provided in the interpolar space (1) and a ferromagnetic liquid (2) is placed in the liquid column. The mechanical Particles of the mixture are sprinkled onto the surface of the ferromagnetic liquid (2), thereby increasing the density. Particles of the mechanical mixture smaller than the apparent density (ρ2) of the magnetic liquid (2) are subjected to hydrostatic pressure. Therefore, the liquid rises to the upper layer (4) of the liquid column (h), and the density increases to the apparent density of the ferromagnetic liquid (2). Particles of the mechanical mixture larger than the density (ρa) are drawn into the liquid column (h) by gravity. For iron hydrostatic separation of the particles of the mechanical mixture, which consists of settling into the bottom layer (3) A method in which the temperature of the ferromagnetic liquid (2) in the column is such that the height of the column (h) If the above temperature gradient is constant, the gradient vector changes from the upper layer of the liquid column (h) to the bottom layer (3 ), the apparent density (ρa) value fluctuates by 3-5% compared to the normal value. When the iron hydrostatic separation of particles of a mechanical mixture is characterized by a change in Law. 2. The mechanical mixer according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature gradient is 1 to 3°C. A method for iron hydrostatic separation of compound particles. 3. A magnetic system with two poles (N-S) (5), whose outline is the magnetic pole space (1) It forms an inhomogeneous magnetic field in the space, which feeds the particles of the mechanical mixture into the interpolar space (1). a container (6) containing a ferromagnetic liquid (2) located therein and attached to both poles (N-S); located on the surface of the ferromagnetic liquid (2) and attached to at least one of the poles (N-S). a device attached (7) and means for ejecting the separated particles of the mechanical mixture; (18) for iron hydrostatic separation of particles of the mixture according to claim 1. 2, wherein the container (6) includes an upper layer (4) and a bottom layer (3) of a ferromagnetic liquid (2). ) in which the commutative electrode (1) is attached to the container as a longitudinal coaxial line in the liquid column (h) between for iron-hydrostatic separation of particles of a mixture, characterized in that a heat exchanger is provided. equipment.