JPH03502681A - Device that draws filament at high speed - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] A pneumatic shoe for high velocity filament capstan. Field of machinery for processing fiber optic cables, especially filament at high speeds Related to the design of pneumatic shoes and capstans for feeding out.

2. Description of conventional technology Optically testing filament or fiber optic cables for various types of applications. When testing, unwinding cables at high speeds in a laboratory or test environment. is necessary. The problem is not applying enough force to the fiber optic cable to supply the cable. drawn from a wall or other source and transported at high speed to or through the test location. It's about moving. The force is prevented from damaging or straining the cable, and Any permanent deformation, abrasion, damage or It must be applied to the filament in such a way that there is no effect on its optical properties.

Therefore, it is necessary to apply a sufficient force to the filament gently and uniformly. a method and apparatus that provides sufficient tensile force to prevent damage, cracking, kinking, and abrasion; or pulling the filament at high speeds without strain, which reduces the quality of the filament. as given to the filament.

A device for pulling a pull, consisting of a pressure gas source, a capstan, and a shoe. tree The capstan frictionally engages the filament along a predetermined portion of the capstan.

Shoe is filament at least the portion of the capstan that frictionally engages with the capstan. Shoe is A shoe pressure chamber is formed inside. In the shoe pressure chamber, pressurized gas rubs against the filament. A pressure gas is supplied through the shoe near the part of the capstan that will rub against it. is in pneumatic communication with a source of air. A piece of equipment may be installed near the capstan. The filament is brought into frictional contact with at least the portion by means of a flow of pressurized gas through the A groove is formed in at least the capstan that presses against the capstan.

As a result, a uniform stress is applied to the filament and the connection between the cable and the capstan is Frictional engagement is created between the cables and the cable is rapidly fed out by rotating the capstan. let

A device that presses the filament into frictional engagement with the capstan is attached to the capstan. This is the hole formed. The filament is forced into the hole by pressurized gas. cap The stan is disk-formed and has an equatorial surface radially over most of its circumference . The hole is a V-shaped groove formed in the equatorial surface of the disc-shaped capstan.

The capstan is a spacer that separates the first disc part, the second disc part, and the hundred disc part. - has a The spacer is inserted radially a predetermined distance from the equatorial plane of the disc and released. Extends in the direction of radiation.

(2) The groove is formed by the first and second parts of the capstan.

The hole is formed by a spacer between the first and second parts of the capstan. provides a separation point between the first and second portions of the capstan.

The device that presses the filament into frictional engagement with the capstan is also known as the capstan. It is also a device that causes friction between the cylinder and pressurized gas.

A further friction increasing device is a device increasing the friction between the pressurized gas and the shoe.

A device that increases the friction between the capstan and the pressurized gas is located on the equatorial surface of the capstan. A plurality of annular radially extending baffles are formed.

A device that increases the friction with the shoe is placed in the direction of the equatorial surface of the capstan. a plurality of radially extending annular circular baffles projecting from the radially extending annular baffle;

A plurality of radial baffles extending from the shoe and baffle are inserted into each other. .

A pressurized gas source provides dry pressurized air.

The present invention also applies tension to the filament in order to pay out the filament at high speed. This is a method for By pneumatically compressing the filament, the rotating capstan portion and the filament are The method includes the step of frictionally engaging the components. of the capstan that frictionally engages the filament. Pressure gas escaping from around the vicinity of the section is released against the cable during a given payout period. is blocked in order to maintain the gas pressure. Capstan that frictionally engages the filament A predetermined outlet pressure magnitude in the vicinity of the portion is maintained during the unwinding period.

As a result, the tensile force exerts a concentrated stress on the filament at any point. It is added to the filament to pull the cable from the source without straining.

Grind the filament to the hole line by pneumatically pressing the filament. In the frictional engagement process, the filament forms an orifice in the hole line. Pressed pneumatically in the direction of the groove. ■The groove is annular on the equatorial surface of the capstan. is formed.

In the process of maintaining the slot outlet pressure, the throttle is used to provide a constant stagnation pressure. a compressed gas tank having a volume that provides a sufficient amount of flow for a given dispensing period through Pressure gas is supplied from the capstan near the part of the capstan that frictionally engages the filament. be provided.

This can be prevented by providing a

The invention further comprises a shoe for receiving pressurized gas, in any respect Features a device that pays out filament at high speed without being subjected to any concentrated stress It is said that The shoe pressure chamber distributes pressure gas through the shoe in an arcuate direction. Therefore, it is formed inside the shoe. The capstan is an arc-shaped part formed by a shoe. located in at least a portion of the portion.

The capstan forms an escape groove for pressurized gas through the capstan, so Forms a line of shaped pores. The filament is moved to the equator by the pressure gas through the shoe. It is pressed flexibly in the slot direction of the shaped hole.

As a result, a uniform normal force is applied to the filament, causing it to move in any direction. Press against the capstan without stress concentration even at such points.

The shoe overlaps the capstan radially at a corrective distance. radiation The directional overlap forms side slots. End slot and side slot has dimensions that create viscosity in the pressure gas flowing through both slots, and has an arc-shaped portion. Prevents pressure gas from escaping.

The device further includes features for increasing the frictional engagement between the pressurized gas and the shoe and capstan. This prevents gas pressure from escaping from the arc-shaped part.

The invention and its various embodiments are illustrated in the following drawings in which identical elements are given the same reference numerals. It is well understood.

Brief description of the drawing FIG. 1 shows a pneumatic pinch shoe and a pinch device according to the present invention for pulling filament. FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of a mechanism for operating the mouse;

2 is an end view of the pinch shoe of FIG. 1; FIG.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the pinch shoe portion in Figures 1 and 2 along line 3-3 in Figure 1. It is an enlarged partial sectional view.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which a pinch screen along line 3-3 in FIG. 1 is shown. FIG. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the invention.

The invention and its various embodiments will be better understood from the following detailed description.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS against the capstan without stress concentration at any point on the filament. In order to drive the filament pneumatically, the filament, that is, the optical fiber cable. The device and method for uniformly supplying compressive force to the capstan is This is done by pneumatically pressing the filament into a V-groove along the center of the surface. Ru. Air pressure is applied to the capstan by a pneumatic shoe with an internal shoe pressure chamber. It is supplied to a predetermined portion. Pressure gas or air is passed from a chamber in the shoe to a disc-shaped cap. It is supplied to a predetermined portion near the V-groove at the center of the circumferential surface of the stun. ■The groove is exposed to the atmosphere There is a hole in the opposite direction, so the cable can be forced or sprayed into the V-groove. Ru. The side and end gaps between the rotating capstan and the shoe are designed to accommodate the viscosity of the pressurized gas. have extenuating dimensions to prevent pressurized gas from escaping from certain portions of the capstan. Operate in a way that hinders. In addition, a baffle inserted in an annular shape is attached to the circumferential surface of the capstan. on the center surface of the shoe and the corresponding surface of the shoe to connect the pressurized gas and the capstan. providing another frictional engagement between the elements in the vicinity of certain parts. such equipment By using a filament of about 10 km or more, it takes about 32 seconds or more. It can be extracted below.

FIG. 1 shows a pneumatic pinch shoe 10 for driving or paying out filament 12. FIG. In Figure 1, the various elements of the device are shown in constant proportion. certain elements because they do not comply with Various details have been omitted. For example, capstan 16 is driven by shaft 14. This shaft is typically an air turbine motor, generally referred to as motor 13. The water is driven by a conventional motor. The electric motor 13 is also suitable for the present invention. It is driven and controlled by various forms of conventional electronic circuitry that are not critical to the design. pinch The shoe 10 is a thin disk-shaped capstan with a V-groove that is driven by a shaft 14. It has 16. The shoe 10 is attached to the capstan 16 as shown in the side view of FIG. 2, overlapping each other as best shown in the end view of Figure 2. The capstan 16 is surrounded in such a way as to surround each other. What is shoe 10 and capstan 16? They are separated and do not touch at any point. Shoe 10 is indicated by a dotted line in Figure 1. It has a contoured internal shoe pressure chamber 20. The pressure chamber 20 is connected to a duct 22, It communicates with a pressure reducing valve 26 via a valve 24. On the other hand, the pressure reducing valve 26 receives pressure via the vibrator 28. It is connected to the compressed air tank 30. The air tank 30 is connected to the tank via the supply vibrator 32. a dryer 3 for removing water vapor and other contaminants from the air compressed into the tank 30; 4. Compressed air passes through a vibrator 36 and is then dry from a conventional air compressor 38. 34. The removal of water vapor is carried out when the exit temperature of the gas from the pressure chamber 20 is freezing. Condensation is necessary because it is low enough to cause condensation.

Next, in FIG. 3, the pneumatic pinch wheel associated with the filament 12 is operations are better shown and understood.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view enlarged along line 3--3 in FIG. 1. Figure 3 is The capstan 16 has two holes along the center plane of the circular disk-shaped capstan 16. It clearly shows that it is manufactured from symmetrical halves. capstan 16 halves 16a and 16b are disk-shaped spacers 40 arranged in the axial direction. are bonded together. However, the spacer 40 is half the capstan 16 a and 16b, thereby only extending radially to a predetermined point 42 between a and 16b. The halves 16a and 1 extend from the pacer 40 to the radially outermost circumference of the capstan 16. An annular gap is left between 6b.

This gap acts as a hole 44, and the outer part of the shoe 18 of the hole 44 is free. It communicates with the atmosphere. Each capstan half 16a and 16b means half 16a and 16b. When b is integrated, the two-hand side is also formed along the center of the periphery of the capstan 16. It is chamfered to form a V-groove 46. ■The groove 46 is mostly wide in the radial direction. or the orifice of the hole 44 and extends circumferentially around the capstan 16. ing.

The action of the pinch shoe 10 ensures sufficient friction between the capstan 16 and the cable 12. filament 1 to apply a rubbing force and create the necessary tension on filament 12. 2 into the V-groove 46.

Filament 12 is forced into V-groove 46 by air pressure. pressured The dried air passes through the compressor, dryer, tank and pressure reducing valve 26 shown in FIG. – is supplied to the pressure chamber. A thin, uniform width azimuth groove 48 connects the capstan 16. The border between the shoe 10 and the shoe 10 is shown. Groove 48 forms the smallest or narrowest area. , high pressure air is injected from inside the pneumatic shoe 10. High pressure air is passed through multiple ducts. 52 between the shoe pressure chamber 20 and the gap 50 between the shoes 10.

One of the ducts 52 is schematically shown in cross-section in FIG.

As a first approximation, the air flow within the gap 50 is isentropic and the acoustic A condition occurs in slot 48 and side slot 54. Consider the state of total pressure and temperature , the mass air flow required to be distributed to the shoe 10 is then estimated.

Air is supplied from the high pressure tank 30 to the pneumatic shoe 10 via the pressure reducing valve 26, and Thus, the total pressure within the pneumatic shoe 10 is maintained at a desired constant value. In the illustrated embodiment In this case, the total pressure is 150 psia. The required running time depends on the fi It is estimated from the length of the filament 12 and becomes the feeding speed. The dimensions of the tank 30 are approximately The calculation ratio is determined by taking into account most of the air supplied from the tank 30.

However, these rough estimates are based on the fact that the viscous effect of the air flow is actually important. It simply sets an upper limit. To obtain a more realistic calculation, slots 48 and 5 It is necessary to consider the flow of air inside 4. In the analysis of the present invention, the slot flow For example, Fa is characterized by a constant cross-sectional area in an adiabatic flow with friction. It was discussed as a flow of nno. Due to viscous load, there is no rotational effect on the capstan 16. Always small and almost negligible. Due to viscosity, the result of reduced flow through slot 48 is important from the point of view of reducing the required tank volume for a given running time. .

Consider now the particular embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-3.

In the illustrated embodiment, capstan 16 has a 6 inch radius and a 0.5 inch radius. It has a width of between the side of the capstan 16 and the side of the adjacent shoe 10 The width of the side slots 54 is 0.002 inches. With shoe and capstan The distance of overlap 56 is 1 inch. Finally, the shoe adjacent to the capstan 16 The -10 sector angle 58 is 2/3 biradians. 1.000 phi per second desired cable speed for the route; 19. Capstan rotation speed of 099 rpm A cable length of 32,808 feet (10 kilometers) with a 200 Initial tank pressure of psla, 150 psla shoe at temperature of 288' Assuming total pressure in the mechanism, Fann.

Under flow conditions of , the flow rate is 0.003819 slugs per second and the output The oral pressure is 48.83 psia, which is 18 for a travel time of 32°8 seconds. Requires 81 cubic feet of tank volume. This is when the viscosity of air is ignored. than the estimated tank volume of 29.23 cubic feet calculated in few.

The air stored in the tank flows from tank 3o to pinch shoe pressure chamber 2o. When it occurs, it expands in a polytropic process. If, The total pressure inside the shoe 10 can be maintained at a constant value by using a suitable pressure reducing valve. If the tank pressure is Sai. A choke mechanism with a constant stagnation provides a constant flow rate. this This allows for easy estimation of the required tank dimensions and pressure in advance. root Generally, the approximate formula given below provides an estimate of the required tank volume.

where V is equal to the tank volume required for tank 30; T is the required pressure drop between the initial pressure P1 and the final pressure Po in the tank. m′ is the flow rate; n is 1.2; and C is 1.767×106.

The effect of viscosity on flow is approximated by assuming Fanno flow.

That is, the Fanno flow is divided by the length L and the wetting edge of the exit slot. The opening is equal to the actual slot with a hydraulic diameter equal to four times the total area of the slot. This is an adiabatic flow in certain areas with friction within the vibrator.

The use of hyperbaric chamber 20 ensures acoustic flow conditions within the exit plane of the slot.

The coefficient of friction f is assumed appropriately. The Matsuha number at the slot entrance is determined using the flow table. I can't stand it. The amount of remaining flow at the inlet is calculated to determine the flow. What is the condition of the entrance? The Raynozzle value is then found and also used to obtain a new value for the friction coefficient f. It will be done. If the calculated magnitude of the friction coefficient f matches the initially assumed value If not, use an iterative method until the assumed and calculated values are within the desired error rate. The procedure is repeated. The tank requirements and outlet pressure are determined by the final iteration as described above. drawn out by

By using the physical dimensions of the pneumatic shoe 10 described above, 0.05589 square The total area of the exit slot in inches is 0.0043 inches, which is 0.0043 inches per second. The isentropic flow rate is 006171. The running time is 1. 3,000 feet is equivalent to paying out approximately 19 kilometers of filament. It is given as 2.8 seconds. Without fluid viscous effects, the pressure at the exit face is 79. 2 psia and the tank required for an initial pressure of 200 psia The volume is expected to be 2g, 23 cubic feet. This is 2.5 feet in diameter and long. It corresponds to a 6-foot cylindrical tank.

However, viscosity is considered and given by f-103,2/Re or f-0,01. Assuming the friction coefficient for the Panno flow obtained, 0.03 per second This results in a flow rate of 819 slag and an exit face pressure of 49.83 psia. child Under these conditions, a diameter of 2.5 feet and a length of 6 feet is 18.1 cubic feet. A tank volume of feet only is required, and this tank is an air tank that does not take into account the viscosity of the air. It reduces the volume of the tank by 38% compared to the entropic flow.

In FIG. 4 showing another embodiment of the invention, each inner facing surface is annular and alternately located. The system is designed with the exception of a baffle that forms a complex labyrinth duct. -118 is the same as the shoe 10, and the capstan 116 is the same as the capstan 16. It is similar to Specifically, in FIG. 4, the shoe 118 has a plurality of annular radially extending It has a baffle 120 that extends. Each baffle is the radially outermost part of the capstan 116. It extends into a corresponding recess 122 formed in the corresponding surface of the end. The recess 120 is It is formed by an annular radially extending baffle 124. Baffle 120 and The non-contact interdigitating arrangement with 124 forms a tortuous air duct; It strengthens the effect of air viscosity and is necessary to complete the specified filament payout run. Reduces the amount of high pressure air required. The “vibe length” of the entire duct is shown in Figure 4. Assuming that the total path length of the labyrinth is equal to Assuming a Fanno flow in the two pipe system supplied from the pressure chamber 20, , similar calculations taking into account viscosity as described above were made in connection with the embodiment of FIG. Ru. Thus, the total flow through the mechanism is 0,003292 slugs per second. Therefore, the tank S value for a running time of 32.8 seconds is 15.59 cubic feet. This is a 13.8% reduction compared to the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.

Alternatively, the labyrinth baffle may be omitted and an elastic seal may be used instead.

Therefore, as a means of deploying filaments at very high speeds under laboratory conditions. The use of a pneumatic shoe in conjunction with a capstan wheel having a V-groove is in accordance with the present invention. can be achieved.

In all cases considered, the pressure in the mechanism is due to the action of centrifugal force on the cable. over the minimum required to prevent separation of the filament from the rim due to It will be kept in good condition. Furthermore, the total stagnation pressure acts over most of the length of the cable. Sky The pressure exerted on the capstan by the pneumatic shoe is applied to any pressure point, i.e. Feeds extremely evenly without large stress concentration points and can be quickly removed from the supply reel. The tensile force required to pull the cable can be applied without comparably weakening or with the prior art. Obtained without any damage caused.

Many modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is done by a person with experience. Therefore, the illustrated embodiment is for the sake of illustration and drawings only. and limiting the invention as set forth in the following claims. It's not a thing.

FIG.1 international search report ″” = ”’ PCT/US 89104187

Claims (20)

[Claims] (1) A source of pressure gas for drawing out the filament at high speed; a capstan for frictionally engaging the filament along a predetermined portion; at least one portion of the capstan is in frictional engagement with the filament. a shoe disposed over a portion of the capstan; a shoe disposed over a portion of the capstan; friction with at least a portion of the capstan by the flow of the pressurized gas through the formed on at least the capstan to press the filament into contact; The shoe forms a pressure chamber therein, and the shoe pressure is The force chamber is configured such that the pressurized gas passes through the shoe into the vicinity of the portion of the capstan. pneumatically connected to a source of pressurized gas to be supplied and frictionally engaged with said filament; through the cable, thereby applying uniform stress to the filament. and a capstan, and by rotation of the capstan, the High speed filament capstan air making rapid payout of cable Pressure shoe. (2) means for pressing the filament into frictional engagement with the capstan; a hole formed in the capstan, and the filament is energized by the pressurized gas. A high velocity filament cap according to claim 1, which is pressed into said hole by Pneumatic shoe for stun. (3) The capstan has a disk shape and has an equatorial surface on its circumferential surface, and The hole has a V-shaped groove formed in the equatorial surface of the disc-shaped capstan. A pneumatic shoe for a high-velocity filament capstan according to item 2. (4) The capstan includes a first disc part, a second disc part, and the first and second disc parts. a spacer that separates the portions from each other, the spacer having an equatorial the V-groove is inserted into and extends radially a predetermined distance from the surface, and the V-groove the first part and the second part of the capstan, and the hole is formed by the second part of the capstan. the cap as caused by the spacer between the first part and the second part; Claim 3, further comprising a separation between the first and second parts of the stun. Pneumatic shoe for high speed filament capstan. (5) said compressing said filament into frictional engagement with said capstan; 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the means includes means for increasing friction between the capstan and the pressurized gas. A pneumatic shoe for a high velocity filament capstan according to scope 2. (6) The means for further increasing the friction increases the friction between the shoe and the pressure gas. For a capstan of a high-velocity filament according to claim 5, the capstan has means for Pneumatic shoe. (7) The means for increasing the friction between the capstan and the pressure gas includes: Multiple annular radially extending baffles formed in the equatorial face of the capstan Pneumatic pressure for a high-velocity filament capstan according to claim 5 having You. (8) The means for increasing the friction with the shoe is configured to connect the shoe to the cap. a plurality of radially extending circular rings projecting in the direction of the equatorial plane of the stun; A high velocity filament capstan according to claim 6 having a baffle. pneumatic shoe. (9) The means for increasing the friction with the shoe is configured to connect the shoe to the cap. a plurality of radially extending circular rings projecting in the direction of the equatorial plane of the stun; A high velocity filament capstan according to claim 7 having a baffle. pneumatic shoe. (10) The plurality of baffles extend radially from the shoe and the capstan. A capstan of high-velocity filaments as claimed in claim 9 which are interposed with each other. Pneumatic shoe for (11) A pressure reducing valve is provided to supply water from the source to the shoe pressure chamber in the shoe. The high-speed compressor according to claim 1, wherein the pressurized gas is throttled by a pressure reducing valve. Pneumatic shoe for filament capstan. (12) Claim 1, wherein the source of pressurized gas provides dry pressurized air. Pneumatic shoe for high speed filament capstan. (13) To pay out the filament at high speed and apply tension to the filament A method of Air the filament against the equatorial hole line formed in the capstan. The filament is attached to the part of the capstan that circulates by pressing forcefully. a step of frictionally engaging; In order to maintain the gas pressure against the filament during a predetermined payout period, The pressure is applied from around the vicinity of the portion of the capstan that frictionally engages the filament. a step of preventing gas from escaping; a portion of the capstan that frictionally engages the filament during the payout period; The process consists of maintaining a predetermined outlet pressure amount of the pressure gas in the vicinity, and Even at such points, the filament can be a filament in which a tensile force is applied to said filament to pull said filament; A method for applying tension to the material. (14) the filament is pneumatically pressed against the hole line; In the step of frictionally engaging the filament, the filament is aligned with the line of the hole. The V-groove is pneumatically pressed into a V-groove forming an orifice against the cap. The filament according to claim 13, which is formed in an annular shape on the equatorial surface of the stun. A method for applying tension to a component. (15) In the step of maintaining the outlet pressure of the slot, a constant stagnation pressure is applied. It has a volume that can provide a sufficient amount of flow during the predetermined edge-out period after throttling. The pressurized gas is supplied from the compressed gas tank to the cap in frictional engagement with the filament. The filament according to claim 13 is supplied near the part of the stamp. A method to give tension. (16) In the step of preventing escape of compressed gas, this escape is caused by the compressed gas being Claim 1 which is prevented by providing a labyrinth duct to reach the ambient pressure. A method for applying tension to a filament according to item 13. (17) Fail at high speed without any concentrated stress at any point. A device for feeding filament, which includes a shoe for receiving pressurized gas; - for distributing the pressure gas to the arc-shaped azimuth part through the shoe. a shoe pressure chamber; disposing a part of the arc-shaped part formed by the shoe; The capstan is connected to the pressurized gas. Form an equatorial hole line to form an escape slot through the stun, and The filament is moved in the equatorial direction by the pressure gas supplied through the shoe. The filament is pressed into the slot of the hole, thereby applying a uniform normal force to the filament. the filament without concentrating stress at any point. A device that unwinds filament at high speed by pressing it against a capstan. (18) The shoe is attached to the capstan at the portion at a predetermined distance. radially overlap, and this radial overlap forms side slots and The azimuthal overlap of Pustan and Shea forms an end slot, and this end slot and the side slots are the end slots and the side slots have a viscous and has dimensions that cause the pressure gas to escape from the arc-shaped portion. An apparatus for paying out filament at high speed according to claim 17. (19) A means for increasing the frictional engagement between the pressure gas, the shoe, and the capstan. Claim 18, wherein the gas pressure is prevented from escaping from the arc-shaped portion. A device that pays out filament at high speed as described in Section 1. (20) The equatorial hole slot has a V-shaped orifice, and the filament Claim 17, wherein the gas is pressed into the V-shaped orifice by the pressurized gas. A device that pays out filament at high speed as described in Section 1.