JPH03502234A - Concentrated circulation bed thermal power generator capable of desulfurizing combustion gas - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Centralized circulation thermal power generator capable of desulfurizing gas This invention can only burn high sulfur fuel. Thermal power generation is possible from the production of effective heat and the desulfurization of combustion gas with a compact integrated structure. It is a purpose.

Regulations that strictly limit the release of sulfur oxides from thermal power generator exhaust within protected areas prohibits the use of high sulfur fuels, which on the other hand could be of some economic advantage , i.e. for some coals similar to lignite and petroleum residues from refining processes. That's right.

In addition to smoke incident treatment methods that are generally suitable for high-power facilities, there are Calcium-based absorbents (limestone, lime, dolomite, ) is injected directly into the furnace to desulfurize the fuel.

This direct desulfurization method is considered to be mainly used for solid fuels, and its efficiency (30-60%) is Highly dependent on temperature distribution within the combustion chamber Ca * Lucium and requires large consumption of lime (ratio S” 3-4 moles of sulfur 1 mole of lime) da).

Another method uses a fluidized bed boiler called "dry ash", which produces approximately 8. It operates between 00 and 900 degrees Celsius, and the fuel and absorbent are in close contact inside.

Particularly in "rapid" or "circulating" fluidized beds with systematic recirculation of solid particles, Extremely high desulfurization efficiency (85-2 mol 1 mol) with relatively low Ga/s ratio (1,5-2 mol 1 mol) 90%) is obtained.

However, circulating bed automatic desulfurization thermal power generators are associated with certain technical problems.

In particular, its reliability is closely related to the resistance, friction and corrosion phenomena of the heat exchange beam.

Since the proposed device can be utilized using demonstration technology, it has the essential advantage of being reliable. Has a point. Furthermore, the generator according to the invention is compact and does not take up much space.

The leading idea is to combine three main elements to make replacement surfaces often prone to rapid damage. It is important to arrange the structure so that it is protected from high-velocity collective particle fluxes.

Similarly, the proposed generator is essentially a cold-walled furnace or combustion chamber, in which the sensible heat of the combustion gases is between the upper furnace and the rear exchanger without noticeable internal exchange surfaces. It has an intermediate circulation layer which has the function of desulfurizing the gas passing through it.

A "cold wall" is one in which a partition wall is provided with means for extracting heat.

In general, the invention relates to a thermal power generator comprising a combustion chamber, a circulating bed and a recuperating boiler. . According to the invention, the circulation bed and the combustion chamber have a common partition.

This common wall has at least one orifice supplying the primary fluid flux to the circulation layer and/or the circulation layer. At least one orifice is provided for supplying a secondary fluid flux to the annular layer.

This common wall will be a cold wall. Similarly, the other walls of the combustion chamber can also be cold walls.

A fluid circulates through each cold wall.

According to the invention, the circulation bed and the heat recovery boiler also have a common wall.

Similarly, the combustion chamber and heat recovery boiler can have a common wall.

The walls of the circulation layer are covered with thermal insulation.

The desulfurization circulation layer, which is made of solid material with an absorbent, uses the high-temperature gas coming out of the furnace as the driving fluid. Ru.

Since the gas temperature changes with the load of the generator, the optimal temperature for desulfurization of the circulation bed (800 ~900℃) Maintenance is performed by injecting supplementary fuel into the reactor, and combustion is carried out from the upstream furnace. This is done with excess oxygen and, if necessary, with a fresh supply of combustion improver.

The generator according to the invention can be compacted by independent spatial distribution of three main elements arranged vertically. Therefore, it is easy to prefabricate.

The invention will be better understood and its advantages will be better understood by the description of non-limiting embodiments shown in the appendix figures. It becomes even clearer.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a thermal power generator according to the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of such a generator.

3 and 4 show examples of different arrangements of the elements of a thermal power generator.

The principle of the compact automatic desulfurization equipment according to the invention is shown in Figure 1. This embodiment is suitable for the combustion of solid or liquid fuels that are injected into the combustion chamber in the form of a mist. .

The combustion chamber 1 has preferentially a cold wall, and the exchange surfaces are of the "membrane wall" type, i.e. of the fluid The circulation means is connected to or integrated with the bulkhead of the combustion chamber. This cold bulkhead is a combustion gas The size shall be such that the temperature will be within the range of 800 to 850°C during operation.

Burner 3 is designed to limit nitrogen oxide emissions and provide a completely pollution-free generator. It is an "Ox type" burner.

Under these conditions, the amount of residual oxygen is Excess air or auxiliary combustion is added to at least an amount sufficient to carry out secondary combustion in layer 1G. adjust the agent.

The reactor 6 of the circulation bed 16 is connected to the furnace 1 by a common partition 17, and this is the communication between both devices. This is done directly in the flow path provided within the partition wall.

The primary supply gas bundle 41 of the circulation layer coming out of the combustion chamber 1 passes through the lower flow path 4, but the secondary gas The bundle is via the upper channel 5.

The internal partition consists of a thin layer of wear-resistant refractory insulation material 7, so that the heat loss is substantially reduced to the case of the furnace 1. Collect with heat dissipating fluid that washes the sink.

In the example of FIG. is injected into the lower part of the reactor 8, which constitutes the dense phase of the circulating bed. But one circulation of the circulation layer, such as by injecting one or both materials, especially at the level of the return leg 20. Injection at another location in the loop does not depart from the scope of the invention.

Oxidizing gas comes from the lower flow path 4 and upper flow path 5 mentioned above and becomes a driving fluid and a combustion aid in the circulation layer. Gas or smoke 4G, 51 is injected here and there in the dense phase 18 of the circulating layer.

- the next bundle of gases or smoke 41 is disposed of in a perforated grille 8 or in a fluidized solid mass; through the dense phase through other devices that can ensure a good distribution of.

The secondary bundle of gases or smoke 51 is the transition zone or dilution zone of the reactor, also called the divergence zone. injected into zone 19 and also in a vertical section within reactor 6 or in a stepwise section relative to the circulation axis. distributed by multiple orifices in minutes. The same is true for the introduction of −order bundles.

Controlled distribution of the smoke into the primary bundle 41 and the secondary bundle by appropriate means such as flaps is carried out in the reactor. Adjust the progress of combustion in 6 and change the flow rate of solids exiting the dense phase 18 for recycling. let

This recycling takes place via a separator 10, such as a convenient cyclone as described above. . The recirculation volume can be controlled by a mechanical or hydraulic system such as a fluid siphon or "L volume valve". It is regulated by a valve device 12.

The reactor 6, cyclone IO, and connecting leg 20 that constitute the deflow circulation layer 16 are entirely resistant. Protect from heat with fire insulation coating 7,ll.

The deflowed gas 21 exits the upper part of the separator 10 and enters the recuperator! 3 and its thermal energy is transmitted to an exchange surface 14 consisting of a tube bundle.

The smoke finally exits through conduit 15 to a filtration system (not shown) of known type.

Removal of solid waste that is not recycled or that has escaped from the separator lO of the circulation layer 16 is by combustion. From an orifice 22 which is plugged by a valve 23 at the bottom of the grilling chamber, the circulation is also provided at the level of the grill. from an orifice 24 with a valve 25 at the bottom of the dense phase 18 of the annular layer and/or An orifice 26 which is plugged by a valve 27 at the bottom of the recuperating boiler produces superheated steam FIG. In this embodiment, the heat dissipating fluid, such as air ion, coming from the combustion chamber is heated by conduit 30. It is sent to a pressure vessel or flask 23. This flap located above the generator in Figure 1 The emulsion 28a coming from the recuperation boiler 13 also flows into the SC via the pipe 30a. do. The fluid in the container 29 is transported in the form of steam by a line 31 to a turbine 32 and a heating system. The data is sent to the equipment used, such as the system. A heat dissipating mass emits part of its energy and recovers it further. After condensing in a water heater (not shown), the valve means 33 connects the tube bundle 14 of the recuperating boiler 13. This circuit is distributed to the combustion chamber 1 circuit, which runs through a conduit that forms part of the combustion chamber bulkhead. equipped with or formed by water cities.

Transfer of heat dissipating fluid between the outlet of the tumbin 32 and the valve 33, supplying the tube bundle 14 and the conduit 34 This is carried out through conduits 35.3G and 37, some of which are indicated by chain lines. Insulation protection for conduits as well do.

Figure 2 shows that the furnace 1, the reactor 6 of the circulating bed 16, and the recuperator 13 are placed close together to achieve optimal performance. An example is shown below.

The vertical parts of each component are rectangular (see Figure 3), ensuring close thermal contact with each other. , the catastrophic loss of the bulkhead to the atmosphere can be minimized.

In FIG. 2 the partition wall 17 ends before reaching the interior of the furnace 1 and the circulating bed reactor 6 and therefore Passage 4 becomes easier.

In this diagram, the cyclone, heat dissipation fluid circulation conduit, and burner are omitted.

The orifice 38 allows the burner 3 to be installed.

Orifice 40 is the outlet of reactor 6 for recycle flux 42 towards separator IO.

The orifice 43 is the inlet of the gas 21 coming from the separator 10 to the recuperator boiler 13 (Figure 1). turn towards.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. end. At the top of the bulkhead, there is also a parallelepiped-shaped recuperator 13 that is directly connected to the recuperating boiler 13. A formwork 45 having a row and hexahedron shape is placed on it.

The orifice 46 connects the leg 20 (FIG. 1) connecting the separator 1G (FIG. This corresponds to the communication section in Figure 1).

FIG. 3 shows a cross-section of the generator shown in FIG. 2 at the reactor level.

In FIG. 3, the reactor 6 of the circulation layer 1B uses a heat insulating material 47 on its four sides. combustion chamber at the same time It has a planar bulkhead 48 common to the reactor at 49 and to the recuperating boiler at 50.

The recuperator 13 and the circulating bed reactor 6 have a common partition wall 52 that is substantially perpendicular to the planar partition wall 48. Motsu.

FIG. 4 shows a modification of the device according to the invention, in which a flat partition wall 53 common to the furnace 1 and the reactor 6 is The recuperation boiler 13 has it.

The bulkhead 54 common to the furnace 1 and the reactor 6 is approximately perpendicular to the planar bulkhead 53 of the boiler.

In FIG. 1, the valve 33 is configured to control the output of the turbine 32, the amount of fuel consumed by the burner 3, and/or can be operated in consideration of the temperature of the reactor 6 of the circulating bed.

Of course, it is not forced, but for example, by introducing auxiliary fuel into the circulation layer in step 9, circulation can be achieved. FIG. 2 by adjusting the temperature of the layer more flexibly international search report international search report FR8700511 S^　20074

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Equipped with a fuel chamber, a circulation layer, and a recuperator, the circulation layer and the combustion chamber share a common partition wall. A thermal power generator characterized by having. 2. at least one orifice, said common tube wall providing a primary flux to the circulation bed; The thermal power generator according to claim 1, comprising: 3. at least one orifice wherein said common partition provides a secondary flow rate to said circulation bed; The thermal power generator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the thermal power generator is equipped with a system. 4. Any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the common partition wall is a cold wall. The thermal power generator mentioned. 5. According to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the combustion chamber has a cold wall structure. The thermal power generator mentioned. 8. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that said cold wall is provided with fluid circulation. The generator described in any of the above. 7. A clay characterized in that the circulation layer and the recuperation boiler have a common partition wall. The generator according to any one of Items 1 to 5. 8. A clay material characterized in that the combustion chamber and the recuperating boiler have a common partition wall. 8. The generator according to any one of Items 1 to 7. 9. Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the partition wall of the circulation layer is provided with a covering of a heat insulating material. The generator described in any of the above.