JPH03502143A - Workstations and how to operate them - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Workstation and method of operating the same The present invention is a workstation that performs all types of processing, such as a machine tool. The present invention relates to a workstation having a machine for performing the work, and a method of operating the same.

Today, numerical control (N) is generally used to control processing machines such as machine tools. C) is often used and is often computer controlled, i.e. computerized numerical control (CNC) is used. The purpose of such control is to create movement of the machine axes. keyboard, data storage media (e.g., punched tape reader, diskette input by a data channel (e.g., a serial transmission chain) The goal is to execute and control machining processes based on instructions and data.

Determination of manual parameters for NC or CNC control depends on the geometry of the machining process. Depending on the economic and technical requirements, it can be very expensive.

For this reason, computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) is used to calculate the input parameters. I can stay. Through problem- and process-oriented application programming languages, A CAM station is a data storage medium (offline) or a data link (offline). often encoded, which is commonly transmitted to the NC or CNC control via Create the necessary data in the form of language elements (ISO or EIA codes).

NC or CNC control is a time-critical process. The machine is configured to control or adjust the amount of cessation and machine movement.

Due to the lack of ability to perform computationally intensive tasks, and also due to inadequacies in the display insufficient resolution, lack of problem-oriented application programming languages, workpiece and Due to lack of data structure to represent machining geometry etc., machining is not performed. Machining geometry by interrupting NC or CNC control during machining The possibility of changing the status is generally limited.

On the other hand, CAM stations control time-critical process quantities and machine movements. not fully suitable for This is because they are instantaneous and continuous during the machining process. because it does not react fast enough to the large number of process-dependent blockram interrupts that occur in be.

``Werkstadttechnik J'' hnik) 77/3 (1987) Not only from +29-133, but also from -Eetzet” (Vl) I-Z　’) 12B/22 (+986) 875- From 878, programming for NC or CNC control of CAM stations It is known to connect to a streaming system. In this prior art, the program The standard operating system is based on the German Industrial Standard (DIN) 66025 standard. Create standardized NC control information, and this information can be used for NC or CNC control. must be supplied. In this way, CAM station and NC or C There is no immediate connection with NC control. Under these circumstances, the programming system It makes no sense to transmit any data back from the system to the CAM station. The connection between the CAM module and the programming system is Direction, most likely from the CAM station to the programming station. Used only for data transmission. This feature is important for drawings in surface reference documents. It can also be understood in the direction of the arrow. In addition, two references are provided for each individual system. maintain system autonomy as much as possible, and ([Faudayetset] page 128 left) Column 2 baragraph and “Väte Värkstadttechnik J, page 131, Compare 4 items). Moreover, the 131 Item 4 on the page indicates that the IGE does not enable any real-time interactive process control. S or APT type interfaces have been proposed.

Made by Programming Station from EP-A-0109742 The data is used by the NC or CNC control in the NC or CNC control. It is known to transmit for. In this prior art, the data transmission is again Most commonly in the direction from programming station to NC or CNC control It is running. By the way, this programming station is used for machining process determined by the geometrical requirements of the process, but not entirely determined by the technical requirements of the processing process. Input parameters for NC or CNC control can be determined without A blockraming station is by no means a CAM station.

In fact, from EP-A-0109742 and EP-A-0086843, For data transmission between ramming station and NC or CNC control, both sides Use connections that can also be used as bidirectional links (bidirectional links, “buses”). It is known to be used. HP-A-0109742 and EP-A-008 In the prior art according to No. 6843, the bidirectional link is Ensures true two-way data exchange between the machine and the NC or CNC-controlled professional computer. J: Even if you try to stand up like that, it won't help. They are individual process controllers. An input/output control device for connecting a computer to a data storage device, which is required It is only useful for forcing data to flow in one direction or the other. EP-A-0109 742 and EP-^-0086843, the programming between the process computer of the station and the process computer of NC or CNC control. Data transmission from programming station to NC or CNC control direction always running in one direction.

Furthermore, EP-A-0086843 is not qualified, and EP-A-0109742 is , programming - the connection established between the mink station and the NC or CNC control. These connections are connected to the programming station only at certain times. Allow data to flow between the process computer and the NC or CNC-controlled process computer. However, at other times, it does not allow data to flow.

That is, the process computer of the programming station and the NC or CNC control The connection with the controlling process computer is then broken.

Thus, the prior art relies on an NC or CNC-controlled process computer and its upstream Programming station or CAM station process meter It lacks hints for mutual process-interactive data exchange with computers.

Regarding keyboards and displays, EP-A-0109742 also states: Optionally, but identically to the programming station or NC or CNC control. It shows connections that are not temporal but lead.

Therefore, between the CAM station and the NC or CNC control, the CAM station data in a direction substantially other than from the application to the NC or CNC control only. It is contrary to the prior art to guide the flow of. In other words, the prior art requires that the processing operation It only teaches you how to use the CAM station before starting The joint process-interactive use of M-stations with NC or CNC control is prior art. It goes against the art.

From NC or CNC control to CAM station, currently dominant in machining machines. The situation at a given moment and the machining geometry and the current machining operation. Returning the instantaneous situation regarding the technology of machining and/or machining is The argument would be even more contrary. As mentioned above, the CAM station is a reality. The material must be ready in time for any meaningful use in the current processing process. the data produced is fast enough to deliver it to the NC or CNC control. The created data cannot be processed.

Thus, the prior art requires that all the work of the CAM station is done by the CAM station. Processed by the machine's own processor and all NC or CNC controlled The practice in which the work of is handled by the processor of the NC or CNC control itself of the work of a conventional CAM station in a manner other than that specified, and Conventional NC or CNC controlled work, CAM station and NC Or distribute and allocate processing to each CNC-controlled processor. It excludes any possibility of that happening.

In any case, for conventional NC or CNC control, conventional CA It is not possible to completely transmit the processing of M stations' work. because, Conventional NC or CNC control, at least with respect to the amount of data, This is because it cannot process the work of the CAM station currently being used. Also, someday However, the NC or CN commonly used in the commonly used CAM station It is not possible to completely transfer the processing of C-controlled tasks. Because it is customary The CAM station in the This is because they cannot react quickly.

Conventional NC or CNC controlled and conventional CAM stations An integrated solution that combines the advantageous properties of the What kind of momentary situation is currently prevailing in the machine that performs the machining process, and what kind of situation is currently prevailing in the machine that is currently performing the machining operation? What moment regarding the machining geometry and/or machining technique? The situation between NC or CNC control to the CAM station is also in a way that is returned for processing in the process and then the machining process to continue The data and/or instructions required for the It is the purpose of the present invention to provide this in a way that will reach the people.

To achieve this object, the workstation according to the invention is provided by claim 1. It is characterized by a combination of the main points listed in .

Advantageous embodiments of the workstation result from claims 2 to 6. . A method of operating a workstation results from claim 7. of the method Advantageous embodiments result from claims 8 to 10.

The workstation according to the invention integrates the following elements:

In other words, the machine that performs the processing, the NC or CNC control that is assigned to it. An NC or CNC-controlled, CAM station that includes a process computer that CAM station containing the process computer assigned to this CAM station, for human-machine interaction with the NC or CNC control as well as the A single console with display, keyboard and optional printer, and a link for bidirectional data transmission between the two process computers (two-way link, "bus").

By way of example, an embodiment of the workstation according to the invention is a machine that performs processing. CAM station for all functions not related to time-critical process quantities or movements. It has the advantage of allowing transmission to This is improved rationality and yellow Reduce usage. Because NC or CNC control is the only or CNC control, and are therefore more easily handled. This is because it can be configured. This also applies to multiple inputs of the same or similar data, For example, from CAM format, for example, German Industrial Standard (DIN) 6602 Translation of data codes into NC or CNC format according to 5 standards or Avoid meanings and sources of error that arise from this.

In short, until now there have been two separate "worlds," one the rCAM world, and the other. In contrast to the rNC or CNC world, the present invention Most elements of the ``C world'' have been transferred to the ``rCAM world'', and therefore the operational interface and and language. Implementation of a workstation according to the invention The aspect is that at this point there is no real-time communication between the CAM station and the NC or CNC control. Contains bidirectional connections that indicate interactions. At the same time, actual NC or CNC control is (torso) control. Because the classic of NC or CNC control This is because some part of the target object is taken over by the CAM station. child This has a significant rational effect.

The two process computers are mutually exclusive, at least while the machining machine is being operated. Permanently connected and the console permanently connected to both process machines It is preferable.

The advantage of it is that the data from the CAM station and the N data from the C or CNC control is processed using conventional windowing techniques. can be displayed simultaneously on a single display. In contrast, the prior art Operators are assigned to the CAM station and NC or CNC control respectively. You must look at the two displayed displays at the same time. Or EP - In a manner derived from the prior art according to A-0109742, the operator Either data from M station or data from NC or CNC control Allocate a display and give up on displaying data that cannot be allocated. There must be.

Such workstations are suitable for machine tools, especially for electrical erosion (spark erosion). Therefore, it is preferable to use it in connection with a machine tool for machining a workpiece.

The link for bidirectional data transmission can be connected to an additional processor and/or external It is preferable to configure it as a data transmission network that connects computers. .

The advantage of that is that an external computer can perform administrative tasks, e.g. The ability to obtain data from the manufacturing plant without having to be present at the manufacturing plant. external computers can be very easily connected to a workstation according to the invention. Na Therefore, data networks follow the basic rules of modern network topology. This is because it is constituted (and also constituted in principle).

The machine that performs the processing is a machine tool, in particular, the workpiece is Preferably, it is a machine tool that performs i-machining.

For two-way data transmission, at least while the processing machine is in operation. The link is the machine that performs the process, the tools used there and/or the machines used there. Information related to the workpiece to be processed can be transferred from the NC or CNC control to the CAM station. It is preferable to be excited in order to transmit in the direction of .

The method of operating a workstation according to the invention includes an NC or CNC-controlled The process computer operates in real time and at least one of the time-critical process quantities while the CAM station's process computer handles all calculation-intensive However, it is characterized by processing process quantities that are not time-critical.

The advantage of it is that the process volume is not time-critical and the movement of the machine performing the machining is Transfer of all functions to the CAM station is multiplexed of the same or similar data. Input, from CAM format, for example according to the German Industrial Standard 66025 standard e.g. avoiding translation of data codes into NC or CNC format; The result is to avoid misleading meanings and sources of error.

In addition, the CAM station's process calculator calculates some of the time-critical process quantities. Preferably. In other words, if the CAM station process calculation If the machine is working very fast due to the way the integration and connections are performed, The CAM station also uses the process computer of NC or cN (JylJ#). Used to help calculate real-time problems.

The advantage of this is that the CAM station's process computer can Receive the latest information on the latest machining geometric and technical requirements of Seth. Is Rukoto. At the same time, the process calculator in the CAM station controls the machining process. Process large amounts of data. This is the CAM station process calculator intervening in the actual machining process. For example, especially if the machine that performs the processing is It is not intended to machine the workpiece by electroerosion (spark erosion). If the generator parameters change, the CAM station's process computer The machining process can be adapted when the radius is cut, or the geometry can be changed while the radius is being cut. by changing the mechanical data or by changing the stability and When the shinging state is particularly unstable, rather than changing the so-called escape strategy, The machining process can be optimized.

Machines or machine tools that perform machining, especially those that destroy workpieces by electroerosion (spark erosion) When the machine tool is machining, the preferred implementation of the process is to The link for data transmission is connected to the processing machine, at least for part of the time. related to the tools and workpieces used there) information is transmitted in the direction from the NC or CNC control to the CAM station.

This information is based on the latest machining geometric and technical requirements of current machining processes. , and its return to the CAM station is the machining process. NC or CNC control to CAM station that occurs before the process is started. This is done in addition to the conventional transmission of data and/or instructions.

In other words, before the machining process starts, the link is from the NC or CNC control to the technical data as well as the geometry of the workpiece and machining. It is used in the usual way to transmit data about geometric shapes. moreover, Links are also within NC or CNC control, with limited availability due to cost. Machining process is executed when required if caused by storage capacity used to re-supply or update data of the kind previously mentioned. and the machining geometry between the NC or CNC control and the CAM station. Used to exchange mathematical and technical data. This is a process calculator optimizing the use provided by each capacity, and therefore also Opens up the possibility of optimizing the exchanged data itself.

The advantage of it is that that part of the workstation corresponds to NC or CNC control That part of the workstation that corresponds to the CAM station as well as same display, same keyboard, same application program program language and generally the same style of human-machine interaction. be.

Of the multiplicity of further advantages of the workstation according to the invention, the following: I can give it to you.

- technical data to describe planetary movements and retreat or escape strategies for tools etc.; Permanent possibility to database as well as tertiary data of workpiece, tool and machining path Permanent possibility of accessing the complete data structure for describing the original design nature, and the resulting machining process technology and geometric path orientation and sequence of selected steps while the machining process is being carried out. possibility of optimizing or improving optimization.

A high-performance network (local area network) that connects the machine that performs a single process the possibility of connecting to data acquisition from the central operating computer to the processing machine. Possibility of transmitting.

Measuring workpiece and machining geometry while the additive process is taking place and the possibility of noticing errors in geometric shapes, as well as geometric and technical Compensating for or correcting errors in geometry by changing parameters possible consequences.

Data on commonly used ISO or EIA codes used for additional processes Possibility to use data structures that perform better than structures. And (but this is the last - using the high performance of CAM system architecture for adaptive control of the machining process. possibility of use.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings.

The drawing shows a workstation according to the invention in a block diagram representation. There is.

The gist of the present invention lies not in the machining process itself, but in the NC or CNC control. Due to the interaction between the control, CA, and M stations, the present invention It is described as follows with reference to an example of a machine that cuts a workpiece. . The tool is a wire electrode.

In this exemplary embodiment, the machine performing the processing according to the invention consists of: be done.

one wire tool spark erosion machine 1, - generator 2 for spark erosion, - NC or for tools and workpieces; is CNC control 3, -CAM station 4, - NC or CNC controlled 3 first processor, operated in real time; a first processor 6 that processes a critical process quantity; - a second processor of the CAM station 4, which does not perform all computationally intensive processing; a second processor 7 that predominantly processes process quantities that are not time-critical; a console comprising a display, a keyboard and a printer, the console comprising: a display, a keyboard and a printer; A display is connected to the first processor 6, and a keyboard and a printer are connected to the second processor 6. a console 5 connected to the processor 7, and a first processor 6 and a second processor 7; A high performance bidirectional link 8° connecting the first processor 6 to each other. is supported by additional processors 6', 6''.

A workstation according to the invention can be connected to an external computer 9. This implementation In the example, computer 9 is the central operating computer of the manufacturing plant. This connection is a high-performance in a conventional manner via a local area network or as indicated by a dashed line. The data network of the workstation as designated by the reference numeral 10 established directly via network 8. Processor 7 of CAM station 4 Calculation performance and quantity and data, respectively, from NC or CNC control 3 to CAM Thanks to the return to station 4, the central operating computer 9 becomes a workstation. operations and display statistics about, for example, aborts and operation events. to enable execution.

The corresponding programs for the two process computers 6 and 7 are NC or CNC control 3 The time-critical process amount processed by the processor 6 of the CAM station A computationally intensive but non-time-critical process processed by processor 7 of version 4 This results in a predominant process amount. This division of labor is for this purpose All required data or data network 8 is available for both process computers. It is made possible by the fact that it is made possible.

For the time-critical process quantity handled by the first processor, I can give you the following.

− Interbolation, - control of servo drive; one generator control; One tool drive control, Monitoring of additional processes; One of the parameters of the workpiece and machining geometry, and the pressure process Based on the measured roughness data during the machining process of technical parameters. Adaptive optimization – depending on the workpiece and machining geometry, and 17S quality for tools, determined by the geometric and technical requirements of the process Selecting a retreat or escape strategy.

For a non-time-critical process m handled by a second processor, I can give you things.

- Calculation of forces (e.g. specific geometric points), - Sequence of machining operations. calculation of Selection of an appropriate processing technology determined by the information stored in the database; - Selection of the best machining algorithm and strategy - machining - phase of the geometry of L For example, to determine the free movement of the electrode, , Selection of accurate machining geometric operation sequence, By measuring the geometry of a workpiece and changing history of geometric and technological parameters. In order to compensate or correct errors in the workpiece geometry, corresponding corrections are made. Deciding on engineering operations.

The 4i+ console has not only a printer, but also a display and a Consists of ports. It consists of operators and programmers on the one hand and It forms the only interface between the machine and the machine that performs the processing. about its purpose You can give the following:

- not only technical data but also information related to the workpiece and machining geometry. input data, 1. When the machine tool is operated manually, inputting instructions for it; such as workpiece and machining geometry, technical data, operation data etc. Display of data related to machining processes.

Only one console is needed to operate the entire workstation , which is a great advantage. In particular, when an operational problem occurs, the operator The data processor moves between the various command stations to read data or There is no need to run from place to place for strength. Until now no such advantage has been achieved through this integration. in a consistent and consistent manner, especially with now guaranteed simultaneous monitoring.

This could not be achieved through integrated operation.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A workstation having the following integrated elements, said elements comprising: The machine (1) that performs the work and the NC or CNC controlled program assigned to it. NC or CNC control (3) including process computer (6) and CAM station a CAM station containing a process computer (7) assigned to it; (4) and a CAM processor with a display, keyboard, and optionally a printer. (4) as well as NC or CNC control (3) and human-machine interaction. between a single console (5) and the two process computers (6, 7) for link (8) for bidirectional data transmission (two-way link, "bus") of ,Work station. 2 The above two processes are performed at least while the processing machine (1) is being operated. Computers (6, 7) are permanently connected to each other and said console (5) is connected to both processes. A computer according to claim 1, characterized in that it is permanently connected to a computer (6, 7). work station. 3 The link (8) for bidirectional data transmission serves as a data transmission network. additional processors (6', 6'' ) and/or an external computer (9) can be connected. Workstation according to Section 2. 4. Claim 1, wherein the machine (1) that performs the processing is a machine tool. Workstations listed in . 5 The machine (1) that performs the processing machine the workpiece by electrical erosion (spark erosion). Work station according to claim 4, characterized in that it is a machine tool for machining. tion. 6 Bidirectional data transmission at least while the machine (1) that performs the processing is operated. The link (8) for transport is connected to the machine that performs the processing and the machine used there. information related to the tools and/or workpieces used therein to the NC or can be excited for transmission in the direction from the CNC control to the CAM station. Workstation according to claims 2 and 4, characterized in that: 7 The machine that performs the processing (1) and the NC or CNC control that is assigned to it. NC or CNC control (3) including cotton process computer (6) and CAM stage CAM station containing the process computer (7) assigned to it. (4) and a console permanently connected to both process computers (6, 7) A CAM station with a display, keyboard and optionally a printer. (4) as well as NC or CNC control (3). between a single console (5) for processing and the two process computers (6, 7) Persistent for bidirectional data transmission (two-way link, "bus") for data exchange A method of operating a workstation having a physical link (8), the method comprising: said process computer (6) of C or CNC control (3) operates in real time, and said CAM station ( 4) said process computer (7) is capable of handling all computationally intensive but not time-critical A method of operating a workstation characterized by processing a large amount of processes . 8. The process computer (7) of the CAM station (4) also 8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that it processes a part of an international process quantity. 9 The machine (1) that performs the processing is a machine tool, and for bidirectional data transmission said link (8) of said machine performing said processing during at least part of said time. , information related to the tools used therein and/or the workpieces used therein. transmitting information in the direction from the NC or CNC control to the CAM station. 9. A method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: 10 The machine (1) that performs the processing uses electrical erosion (spark erosion). It is a machine tool for machining objects, and the link (8) is for two-way data transmission. is said machine that performs said processing during at least part of said time, said machine used therein; information related to the tool and/or workpiece used therein to the NC or is characterized in that the information is transmitted in the direction from the CNC control to the CAM station. , a method according to claim 7 or 8.