JPH0347894A - Fuel modifier - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a modifier capable of enhancing the thermal efficiency of petroleum fuels such as gasoline and light oil and of suppressing toxic exhaust gas production by removing water from a seawater solution of a reaction product from an oil and strongly alkaline agent and dissolving the resultant solid in a solvent compatible with a fuel to be used. CONSTITUTION:A reaction product from (A) an oil such as a fractionated oil from waste tires and (B) an strongly alkaline agent at the mixing ratio ca.(0.5:1)-(1:0.5) is dissolved in seawater to prepare a ca.1-10% solution. Water is removed from the solution to obtain a solid, which is then dissolved in a solvent (pref. a mixed solvent consisting of kerosene and an alcohol such as butanol) compatible with a fuel to be used, thus obtaining the objective modifier. The amount of this modifier to be added is such as to be e.g. 0.1-0.3wt.%, 0.3-0.5wt.% and ca.1wt.% for gasoline, light oil and heavy oil, respectively.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Field of Application] This invention relates to the reforming of petroleum fuels such as gasoline and diesel oil to improve their thermal efficiency and reduce the generation of harmful exhaust gases during combustion. Regarding drugs.

[Prior Art] In general, in spark ignition engines such as automobile engines, the higher the compression ratio of the engine, the higher the thermal efficiency, the greater the output, and the better the fuel efficiency.However, in the case of ordinary gasoline, when the compression ratio is high, abnormal twisting occurs. This will cause gas and knocking, resulting in a decrease in thermal efficiency.

For this reason, gasoline with a high octane number and high anti-knock properties is used to increase the compression ratio and improve thermal efficiency. However, gasoline with a high octane number is generally made by blending various gasoline blending materials in appropriate proportions. It's expensive.

Furthermore, deterioration of gasoline due to oxidation causes a decrease in octane number and a significant deterioration in fuel consumption due to the polymer gum quality.

For this reason, it is necessary to add antioxidants to commercially available gasoline.

On the other hand, light oil used as fuel for diesel engines (compression ignition engines) has not only stability but also fluidity and
Ignitability becomes a problem, and therefore a light oil with a high cetane number and good ignitability is required, but light oil with a high cetane number is also more expensive than ordinary light oil.

Furthermore, when light oil deteriorates due to oxidation, a high-molecular-weight gum is produced in the same manner as in the case of gasoline, and when this is produced in large quantities, it clogs the fuel injection nozzle and obstructs the supply of fuel. In order to prevent such problems due to deterioration of light oil, hydrorefining and the like are required.

In order to solve these conventional problems, the inventor of the present invention focused on the effective use of elements in seawater and the action of alkaline agents during combustion, and developed a combustion aid made by dissolving a special alkaline agent in seawater. agent (JP-A No. 63-225695)
Developed and achieved remarkable results in improving flammability.

He discovered that this combustion aid (aqueous solution) had particularly excellent effects when added to the engine in the form of a spray, and developed a system for adding this combustion aid to the engine (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63 -147938,
(Patent Application No. 319827/1982).

However, since this combustion aid requires modification of the engine, etc., it could not be immediately applied to all automobiles. In particular, the above system was developed for a system that delivers the mixed gas under the negative pressure of the piston, so when applied to a turbo engine, the combustion aid must be supplied under pressure, requiring a sophisticated system. , There are many technically difficult points, such as various fractions of petroleum, fractionated oils such as plastics and old tires, oils such as waste oil, and oils such as shellfish and high-temperature calcined products such as limestone that have calcium oxide as the main component. It is a powder obtained by adding powder of a strong alkaline agent and stirring and mixing it in the presence of some water to cause a reaction. The mixing ratio of oil and strong alkaline agent and the amount of water to be added vary depending on the type of oil, but usually the mixing ratio of oil to strong alkaline agent is 0.5:1 to 1. : Approximately 0.5%, and water is added in an amount of approximately 0 to 10%.

This reaction product of oil and alkaline agent is a macroscopically uniform powder in which oil and alkaline agent are combined, and when added to seawater at 1 to 10% and stirred and left to stand, it dissolves and forms a uniform solution. (a) becomes. At this time, the seawater has a low pH or a high pH.
It is desirable to adjust it to H. Also, remove any insoluble matter. As mentioned above, this solution (a) itself functions as a combustion aid that improves combustion conditions, but since it is an aqueous solution, it cannot be applied to a combustion system without a special method.

The modifier of the fuel of the present invention was mixed with this solution (a).

[Purpose of the Invention] This invention solves the conventional object,
The object of the present invention is to provide a fuel modifier that can be directly added to any liquid fuel such as light oil or kerosene, and can improve the combustion conditions of these liquid fuels. Furthermore,
An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel modifier that can be applied to internal combustion engines of all kinds of automobiles and can improve the fuel efficiency of the internal combustion engine and reduce harmful exhaust gases.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The fuel modifier of the present invention that achieves the above object is a solution (a) in which a reaction product of oil and a strong alkaline agent is dissolved in seawater.
The solid (b) after removal of moisture from the solid (b) is dissolved in a solvent compatible with the applied fuel.

The solution (a) in which a reaction product of oil and a strong alkaline agent is dissolved in seawater is exactly the combustion aid described in JP-A-63-225695.

That is, the reaction product of oil and a strong alkaline agent is one obtained by removing moisture and further dissolving it in a specified solvent.

Water is usually removed from solution (a) by heating and evaporation. It may also be carried out under reduced pressure. This results in a solid (b
). Table 1 shows the results of elemental analysis of this solid (b).

Table 1 As is clear from Table 1, the solid (b) contains considerably less chlorine than the elements in seawater and is a strongly basic substance.

As the solvent, a solvent that dissolves the solid (b) and is compatible with the applied fuel is used. As such a solvent, a mixed solvent of alcohol and a suitable organic solvent is preferably used. Kerosene is a practical organic solvent. The mixing ratio of kerosene and alcohol and the type of alcohol to be used are appropriately selected depending on the fuel to be used, but in the case of gasoline and diesel oil, methanol, butanol, or a mixture thereof is used as the alcohol. It is preferable that the content is 10% or more of the total solvent.

The fuel modifier of the present invention can be obtained by dissolving the aforementioned solid (b) in the alcohol-containing mixed solvent prepared in this way. Solid (b) for mixed solvents
The concentration of is about 1%.

Preferably, a stock solution of the modifier is prepared by dissolving several percent of the solid (b) in the mixed solvent, and this stock solution is further used to obtain a strong alkaline agent suitable for the fuel to be applied.

After 1000 cc of seawater was made to have a low pH with an acid, 20 g of the above-mentioned strong alkaline agent was added, and after stirring for about 1 hour, the precipitate was removed to obtain seawater adjusted to a high pH.

On the other hand, 500 g of the above strong alkaline agent was added to 500 cc of fractionated old tire oil, 100 cc of a strong alkaline solution was added, and the mixture was stirred and left at about 2 atmospheres for 30 minutes to obtain a powdery reaction product.

After the pH was once adjusted to 2 or less, 30 g of the above reactant was added to 1000 cc of seawater whose pH was further adjusted to about 13, and the pH was adjusted to 1 in the reactor.
．． After stirring at 5 atm and room temperature for about 1 hour, leave it for about 1 day and night.
After removing insoluble matter, a homogeneous solution (a) was obtained.

Next, water was removed from this solution (a) by heating it to obtain 60 kg of solid (b).

On the other hand, a mixed solvent of kerosene and alcohol was prepared according to the following formulation, and the above solid (b) was added to each of these mixed solvents.
) and stirred and mixed to obtain a stock solution of the modifier.

Formulation A Adjust the concentration and solvent composition by diluting with a specified mixed solvent. Table 1 also shows the results of elemental analysis of the stock solution of the modifier.

The thus obtained fuel modifier of the present invention is gasoline,
It is used by directly adding it to fuels such as heavy oil and light oil.

The amount added varies depending on the fuel to which it is applied; for example, in the case of gasoline, it is 0.1 to 0.3%, and in the case of diesel oil, it is 0.3 to 0.
It can be added in an amount of about 5%, or about 1% in the case of heavy oil.

By adding the modifier of the present invention, the fuel condition of any fuel is significantly improved, the combustion efficiency is improved, and the generation of harmful exhaust gases such as HC and CO is reduced.

[Example] Examples will be explained below.

After washing scallops and other shells with water, crush them. This crushed material is placed in a furnace and baked at 1000°C to 1200°C for about 30 minutes, then raised to about 1350°C and baked for 5 to 10 minutes to produce about 200 mesh of powdered monomethyl alcohol, 6Q butyl alcohol, 10 fl kerosene. 14Q. Prescription B Methyl alcohol 8Q Butyl alcohol 12Q Kerosene 2 (1 Paint thinner 4Q Prescription C Butyl alcohol 0.50 Paint thinner 412 Prescription D Methyl alcohol 5Q Butyl alcohol 12.5Q Prescription A, 10Q kerosene undiluted solution and 1.5Q of butanol to obtain modifier A and modifier.2.5Q of the stock solution of prescription C was diluted with a mixed solvent of kerosene 15jlk and butanol 6.5Q to obtain modifier A quality agent C was obtained.

Example 1.2 A gasoline engine vehicle with a total displacement of 2000 cc was treated with the above-mentioned modifier A and modifier R at a rate of 120 c per 60 Q of gasoline.
c was added and a running test was conducted.

Table 2 shows the analysis results of HC and CO in the exhaust after traveling 15,000 km and the fuel efficiency.

When the same type of gasoline car does not use the modifier of the present invention (
The results of the running test of Comparative Example 1) are also shown in Table 2.

Table 2 Example 3 180 cc of the above modifier A was added to 60 fl of diesel oil in a diesel engine vehicle, and a driving test was conducted. 15,000k
Table 3 shows the results of fuel efficiency and black smoke measurement in the exhaust after driving for m.
Shown below.

Table 3 also shows the results of a diesel engine vehicle of the same model in which the modifier of the present invention was not used (Comparative Example 2).

Table 3 Example 4.5 The above Modifier C1 Modifier stock solution B was added to a kerosene stove and a heavy oil boiler in an amount of about 1% of the fuel, respectively. In all cases, combustion conditions were better, no odor or black smoke was generated, and fuel consumption was lower than when the modifier of the present invention was not used.

[Effect of the invention] It is clear from the above examples that according to the modifier of the present invention,
Fuel efficiency can be dramatically improved for both gasoline and diesel vehicles, and HC and C in exhaust gas can be dramatically improved.
o etc. can be reduced.

Furthermore, since the modifier of the present invention can be added directly to fuel,
It can be applied not only to internal combustion engines such as automobiles, but also to boilers, stoves, and all other combustion engines.

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Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. After water is removed from a solution (a) in which a reaction product of oil and a strong alkaline agent is dissolved in seawater, the solid (b) is dissolved in a solvent compatible with the applied fuel. A fuel modifier consisting of 2. The fuel modifier according to item 1, wherein the solvent contains alcohol.