JPH0344974B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a loading device for transferring loads carried out from a warehouse etc. onto a loading platform such as a truck, and in particular to a loading device for transferring loads carried out from a warehouse etc. to a loading platform such as a truck. The present invention relates to a loading device suitable for transferring loaded loads in units of pallets onto a loading platform such as a truck.

[Conventional technology]

As a loading device for transferring a load to a loading platform such as a truck, the device described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 57-46532 is known. In addition, regarding devices related to loading devices for transferring loads onto the loading platform of trucks, etc., there are disclosed Utility Model Publications No. 17098/1983 and Utility Model Publication No. 53-17098.
Publication No. 42938, Publication No. 42939, Publication No. 42939, Publication No. 42939, Publication No. 42939, Publication No. 42938
The one described in Publication No.-13333 is known.

To explain the prior art disclosed in the above-mentioned publication, Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 57-46532 discloses a technique for adjusting the height between the level of a load conveyor and the level of a conveyor provided on a loading platform such as a truck. A loading device (transporter) equipped with functions such as adjusting the horizontal position of the load conveyor and the horizontal position of the loading platform of a truck, etc., narrowing the distance between arranged loads, and loading loads onto the loading platform of a truck, etc. This loading device consists of a lifting carriage that can be raised and lowered in the vertical direction, which is mounted on a running cart that can move left and right, and free rollers that are arranged to roll left and right. There is.

Further, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 53-17098 discloses a load positioning device in which a carry-out conveyor is slid in a direction perpendicular to the load carrying direction as a push plate slides.

Furthermore, in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 53-42938, a detector for detecting the horizontal position is installed on a traveling cart that can travel on a fixed route, and a detector for detecting the vertical position is installed on a cargo handling device that can be raised and lowered. A position detection device for a cargo handling device is disclosed.

Furthermore, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 53-42939 discloses a fork control device for a loading device in which a fork is supported so as to be able to rise and fall on a traveling trolley that can travel along a fixed route, and a device for controlling the height of the fork is provided. has been done.

Further, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 54-13333 discloses a load pushing device in which a transported load can be pushed out by a push bar.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, the above-mentioned conventional technology had the following problems.

That is, Utility Model Publication No. 57-46532 or Utility Model Publication No. 53-
The device disclosed in Publication No. 17098 gathers the load to the center of the traveling truck and then moves the traveling truck to transfer the load to the loading platform of a truck or the like, so it takes time to transfer the load. . Furthermore, these publications do not describe or suggest that the carriage be accurately positioned on the platform of a truck or the like, or that the moving carriage be moved to a location other than the center of the carriage. Therefore, in reality, trucks, etc. do not always stop at the correct location due to differences in driving techniques, and moreover, depending on the differences in the driving conditions of trucks, etc., the load may be moved to the left or both sides, etc. Despite having different loading modes, these devices cannot accommodate this.

Also, Publication No. 53-42938 or Publication No. 53-42938
The device disclosed in Publication No. 42939 does not have a cross-stitching function, so when transferring loads from two rows of load conveyors to a loading platform such as a truck, the load to be carried out is usually slightly smaller. Since the conveyors are in a disordered state and the pitch between the two rows of load conveyors is usually quite large, the load hits the loading platform of a truck or the like and cannot be transferred.

Furthermore, the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 54-13333 is for handling loads carried out from a single line of conveyor for carrying loads, and, like the above-mentioned case, does not have a cross-dressing function.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to increase the ability to transfer loads onto the loading platform of a truck, etc. by making it possible to move the transported load to match the position of the loading platform of a truck, etc., and to improve the structure. The object of the present invention is to provide a loading device that can be simplified.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention provides a loading device that is equipped with a shuffling device that shuffles loads carried out from two rows of load conveyors, and that transfers the shuffled loads to a loading platform such as a truck, in which the loading platform is leveled. A slide shaft having a detector for detecting the directional position and moving horizontally in a direction substantially perpendicular to the load carrying direction is provided in front of the loading device so as to be able to detect the horizontal position of the loading platform. At the same time, another detector for detecting the horizontal position of the slide shaft is provided in the width adjustment device, and the detector of the width adjustment device detects the horizontal position of the slide shaft to place the load in a predetermined position. The detectors are configured so that they can be moved side by side, and the detector and the other detector are configured to be able to detect the position to be detected when moved to a position opposite to the position to be detected, respectively. The above object has been achieved by providing a loading device characterized by the following.

[Effect]

According to the loading device of the present invention, when transferring the loads carried out from the two rows of load conveyors onto the loading platform of the truck, the truck is moved from the rear of the truck to the truck that is placed on the floor immediately before the loading device. After that, first, a slide shaft having a detector for detecting the horizontal position of the loading platform is moved in a direction substantially perpendicular to the load carrying direction, and the horizontal position of the loading platform is detected by the detector, and then , by moving the width shifting device and detecting the horizontal position of the slide shaft with another detector attached to the width shifting device, the load is placed at an appropriate position (load position) relative to the position of the loading platform. It can be moved to the optimal position for stacking.

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the loading device of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are a plan view and a front view, respectively, schematically showing an embodiment of the loading device of the present invention.
In these drawings, 1 and 1' are two rows of load conveyors arranged side by side on the left and right, 2 is a loading device, 3 is a truck loading platform, and 4 and 4' are loads such as palletized products, and the present invention is shown in FIG. The loading device is configured so that the loads 4, 4' carried out from the two rows of load conveyors 1, 1' are moved to a desired position by the loading device 2, and then transferred to the loading platform 3. It has been done. Although two sets of load conveyors 1, 1', loading device 2, and loading platform 3 are shown, there is no particular limit to the number of these sets.
Also, 1'' is a distribution conveyor that carries out loads 4, 4' from a warehouse etc. and distributes them to the load transport conveyors 1, 1'. When indicating the item (with respect to the conveying direction), it is indicated by only a code without a dash, and when indicating the item on the right side, it is indicated by the same code with a dash (hereinafter the same).

The loading device 2 in the loading device of the present invention
a lifting device 5 that moves up and down in the vertical direction; a pair of left and right loading conveyors 6, 6' disposed on the lifting device 5 and moving in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of carrying out the loads 4, 4'; the load 4 on the loading conveyor 6, 6';
The main body is a pair of right and left width adjustment devices 7, 7' for width adjustment 4'.

Each part of the loading device 2 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5 showing the details thereof. First, in the case of this embodiment, the lifting device 5 is located at the discharge end of the load conveyor 1, 1'. In front of (right side in Figure 4)
The lifting cylinder 52 is used to raise and lower an lifting section 51 at the upper part of the lifting cylinder 52. In front of the elevating part 51, that is, on the truck side, there is a slide shaft 8 that moves horizontally in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the loads 4, 4' are carried out so as to be able to detect the horizontal position of the loading platform 3 of the truck. is provided.

The slide shaft 8 is configured to be moved horizontally by a slide motor 53 in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the loads 4, 4' are carried out.
As will be described later, the width adjustment device 7 is provided at both ends of the
Guide brackets 81 and 81', which are detected by detectors 75, 75' and 76', are respectively mounted so that their mounting positions can be adjusted. Then, one guide bracket 8 (on the left side with respect to the load carrying direction)
1 is provided with a pair of upper and lower detectors 82, 82 for detecting the horizontal position of the loading platform 3 of the truck, and a pair of detectors 83, 83 for detecting the vertical position of the loading platform 3, respectively. These detectors 82, 82,
In the case of the embodiment, 83 and 83 are both reflector plates 31 attached to the rear of the truck lower than the loading platform 3.
It consists of a phototube that detects the Reflector plate 31
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the reflector is attached to a predetermined location of a non-reflective reflector mounting plate 33 that is attached to a mounting stay of the truck body via a mounting portion 32. As shown in FIGS. The adhesion of the reflector 31 to the reflector mounting plate 33 is preferably done by accurately positioning the reflector 31 according to the size of the track using a checkerboard provided on the surface of the reflector mounting plate 33 as a reference. The mounting position is preferably to the right (inner side) of the left inner wall of the truck in the horizontal direction, and a certain distance below the roller conveyor 34 of the truck bed 3 in the vertical direction. Correspondingly, the detectors 83, 83 for detecting the vertical position of the loading platform 3 are connected to the loading conveyor in order to ensure that the loading device 2 transfers the truck to the loading platform 3 at the same level. It is installed at a position where the distance from 6 and 6' is equal to the above-mentioned constant distance. There are no particular conditions for the detectors 82, 82 that detect the horizontal position of the loading platform 3. Therefore, when the slide motor 53 moves the slide shaft 8 to the right (with respect to the load carrying direction), one of the detectors 82 and 82 for detecting the horizontal position of the loading platform 3 is connected to the reflecting plate 31. By detecting the slide motor 53
It has the function of stopping the slide shaft 8 at a predetermined position. Further, the detectors 83, 83 for detecting the vertical position of the loading platform 3 simultaneously detect the reflection plate 31 when the elevating section 51 is raised by driving the elevating cylinder 52 of the elevating device 5. By detecting (both end portions of), the lifting cylinder 52 is stopped and the lifting unit 51 is stopped at a predetermined position, and the loading conveyor 6 on the lifting unit 51 is stopped.
It has the function of aligning the upper surface of the roller conveyor 34 of the truck loading platform 3 with the upper surface of the roller conveyor 34 of the truck loading platform 3.

Further, the pair of left and right loading conveyors 6, 6' of the loading device 2 are arranged so that the lifting device 5 can move horizontally in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the loads 4, 4' are carried out.
It is provided on the elevating part 51 of. That is, the elevating section 51
A plurality of rails 54 are fixed on the top in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction of conveyance of the loads 4, 4', and the loading conveyors 6, 6' have a plurality of wheels 61, 61 attached to each. It is disposed so as to be freely movable on the rail 54 via '. And loading conveyor 6,
The wheels 6' are configured to move together with the loads 4, 4' that are gathered by the width shifting devices 7, 7' as described later, and the wheels 6' are stopped by brakes 62, 62 attached to the wheels 61, 61'. ′. In addition, the loading conveyors 6 and 6' are each
A pair of endless chains 64, 64' driven by drive motors 63, 63' are provided on the upper left and right sides, and these endless chains 64, 6
It has a structure in which protective plates 65, 65' are stretched between 4'. Cutouts 66, 66' are formed in the center of each of the protection plates 65, 65', with the longitudinal direction oriented in the direction in which the loads 4, 4' are carried out.
The loading conveyors 6, 6' each have a pusher which stands up from the notches 66, 66' as shown in FIG. 4 and pushes the loads 4, 4' on the loading conveyors 6, 6' into the loading platform 3. Pushers 9, 9' are provided (the drive mechanism thereof is not shown). And also, the protective plate 65,
Two load detectors 91, 92, 91', 92' are provided on 65', one behind the other.
When the load 4, 4' passes over the load detector 91' and the load detector 92, 92' in front (on the truck bed 3 side), the pushers 9, 9' are operated as described above.

Further, the pair of left and right width shifting devices 7, 7' of the loading device 2 are arranged to move the loads 4, 4 on the loading conveyors 6, 6' so that they can move the loads 4, 4 onto the elevating section 51 of the elevating device 5. It is provided in That is, the width shifting devices 7, 7'
are the loads 4 and 4 on the loading conveyors 6 and 6', respectively.
Side pusher 7 that presses 4' from the outside.
1, 71' and a plurality of guide shafts 72, 72' provided integrally with each of these. The side pushers 71, 74' are movably inserted and provided in the elevating section 51.
By driving the loading conveyor 6,
The loads 4, 4' on 6' are pressed from the outside. And the side push shear drive section 7
The side pushers 71, 71' are driven by the load conveyors 6, 6', and the loads 4, 4 on the loading conveyors 6, 6' are driven by the load detectors 91, 92, 91', 92' of the loading conveyors 6, 6'. It is configured to start when the presence of ' is detected. Further, at the end of the side pushers 71, 71' on the truck loading platform 3 side, there are detectors 75, 75', 76' (detectors) for detecting the approach of the slide shaft 8 to the guide brackets 81, 81', respectively. 75,7
6' is used when loading loads 4, 4' on the left side of the truck, and detectors 75 and 75' are used when loading loads 4, 4' on both left and right side. 74,74'
The driving of the side pushers 71, 71' by
When the guide brackets 81, 81' are detected by the detectors 75, 75', 76', the guide brackets 81, 81' are respectively stopped, and at the time of this stop, the side pushers 71, 71' are respectively positioned at the widthwise completion position. The load 4 on the loading conveyor 6, 6'
A predetermined width adjustment has been completed for 4'. or,
After the side pushers 71 and 71' have been moved,
Each of them is configured to move outward and return to its original position, but upon returning, the loading conveyor 6, which was swept along with the loads 4, 4' during the shifting,
6', the guide shaft 72,
At 72', return hooks 77 and 7 are provided which push the loading conveyors 6 and 6' from the inside and return them to their original positions.
7' is provided.

In addition, in Figures 1, 2, and 4,
Reference numeral 35 indicates a truck stopper for stopping (landing) the truck immediately in front of the loading device 2, and reference numeral 36 indicates the loading platform 3 of the truck by loading the loads 4, 4' onto the truck.
This is a loading platform fixing device that prevents the vehicle from lowering.

Next, we will discuss an embodiment of the loading method using the loading device of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration, in which the loads 4, 4' are loaded on the loading platform 3 of the truck by shifting them to the left (with respect to the forward direction of the truck). The movement of the load will be explained with reference to FIGS. 8 to 10, and the movement of each part of the apparatus will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.
Note that this left-sided stacking is used when driving on general roads, and is used to prevent the load from collapsing to the left because the shoulder of the road usually slopes to the left.

When carrying out the loading method using the loading device of the present invention, first, as a preparatory step, a truck is landed (stopped) immediately in front of the loading device 2 from behind. This landing does not need to be performed accurately by aligning the centers of the truck and the loading device 2, but it is necessary to place the truck within the width W1 of the left and right loads 4, 4' being conveyed on the load conveyor 1, 1'. Loading platform 3 (width W2<
W1) should be included. As described above, the reflecting plate 31 is connected to the loading conveyor 6,
6' to the truck bed 3 by a distance equal to the distance up to
It is mounted below the roller conveyor 34 and below the left inner wall of the truck. Also, the installation interval of the guide brackets 81, 81' to the slide shaft 8 in the loading device 2 is adjusted so that the loads 4, which are loaded left-aligned on the truck bed 3,
4' width W3 (<W2). Incidentally, the distance W4 (see Fig. 1) between the side pushers 71, 71' of the width shifting devices 7, 7' at this preparatory stage is as follows:
The relationship is W4>W1.

After completing the above loading preparations, when the loading device 2 start button (not shown) is pressed, the slide shaft 8 attached to the loading device 2 is moved from the left end origin to the right by the slide motor 53, and the slide shaft One of the detectors 82, 82 attached to the truck reflector 3 detects the horizontal position of the loading platform 3.
1 is detected, the slide motor 53 stops and the slide shaft 8 also stops. That is, detector 8
2 and 82 move in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the loads 4 and 4' are carried out to detect the position of the load platform.

Next, the drive motors 63, 63' of the loading conveyors 6, 6' are driven, and the load conveyors 1, 6' are driven.
1' to 2 each, total of 4 loads 4, 4,
4', 4' are carried onto loading conveyors 6, 6'.
The carried left and right loads 4, 4' have the same width W1 as that of the load conveyor 1, 1'. This loading is detected by load detectors 91, 92, 91', 92' on the loading conveyors 6, 6'.

Four loads 4, 4, 4 are placed on the loading conveyor 6, 6'.
4', 4' are carried in, the side pusher drive parts 74, 74' of the width shifting devices 7, 7' are driven,
As a result, the side pushers 71, 71'
The loaded loads 4, 4, 4', 4' are gathered from both sides. The width adjustment by the side pushers 71, 71' is performed by the guide brackets 81, 8 attached to the slide shaft 8 which is stopped at a predetermined position as described above.
1' is detected by the detectors 75, 76' attached to the side pushers 71, 71', the side pushers driving parts 74, 74' are stopped, thereby completing the process. That is, the horizontal position of the slide shaft 8 corresponding to the horizontal position of the loading platform detected in the loading platform position detection step is determined by the width adjustment device 7,
The width of the loads 4, 4, 4', 4' is increased by detecting the width of the loads 4, 4, 4', 4' by performing the width shifting process which is detected by the detectors 75, 76' attached to the 7'. The collection is complete. At this time, the interval between the guide brackets 81 and 81' attached to the slide shaft 8 is set equal to the width W3 of the truck to be loaded on the left side on the truck loading platform 3, as described above, and the left guide bracket Since the slide shaft 8 has stopped moving so that the bracket 81 is in a position where the left inner wall surface of the truck and the left side surface of the load can be aligned, the left and right loads 4,
4' is shifted so that its width is equal to the width W3 that is to be loaded on the truck loading platform 3 on the left side, and the left side of the load 4 on the left side is approximately aligned with the left inner wall surface of the truck. Match. In other words, the loaded loads 4, 4, 4', 4' are placed on the loading platform 3 of the truck.
If you push it in the direction, it will be in the position where it will be loaded onto the truck's loading platform 3 on the left side. Also, during this shuffling, the loading conveyors 6, 6' are shuffled inward together with the loads 4, 4, 4', 4' to be shuffled, and when the shuffling is completed, the loading conveyors 6, 6' are stopped by the brakes 62, 62'. Fixed. In addition, when attempting to load a load onto the truck bed 3 by shifting it to the left, when the truck is fully placed on the left side of the loading device 2, the left side pusher 71 may not be driven at all.

Simultaneously with the above-mentioned leveling, the upper surfaces of the loading conveyors 6, 6' and the upper surface of the roller conveyor 34 of the truck loading platform 3 are also leveled. That is, the lifting cylinder 52 of the lifting device 5 is driven to raise the lifting unit 51, the slide shaft 8 attached to the lift unit 51 rises, and the vertical position of the loading platform 3 attached to the slide shaft 8 is detected. When both the detectors 83, 83 detect the reflection plate 31, the lifting cylinder 52 is stopped and such level adjustment is performed.

When the above-mentioned width shifting and leveling are completed, the loading conveyors 6, 6' are driven again, and the loads 4,
4, 4', 4' are sent to the roller conveyor 34 on the truck loading platform 3, and the two loads 4, 4', 4' on the left and right at the rear are
4' passes the load detectors 92, 92' in front of the loading conveyors 6, 6' (on the truck bed 3 side),
The pushers 9, 9' operate and the loads 4, 4,
4' and 4' are pushed back to ensure that the truck is transferred onto the roller conveyor 34 of the loading platform 3 of the truck to complete the loading.

When loading is completed, the pushers 9, 9' return to their original positions, the brakes 62, 62' of the loading conveyors 6, 6' are released, and the width shifting devices 7, 9' are released.
When the side pushers 71, 71' of 7' return to their original positions, the loading conveyors 6, 6' return to their original positions via return hooks 77, 77', and the elevating section 51 of the elevating device 5 descends. Then, the upper surfaces of the loading conveyors 6, 6' installed there become equal to the upper surfaces of the load conveying conveyors 1, 1', in preparation for the next loading.

Using the above-mentioned loading device, as shown in FIG.
In order to load the cargo into the truck, the distance between the guide brackets 81 and 81' on the slide shaft 8 is W3, and the width of the left and right loads 4 and 4', which are loaded on both sides of the truck bed 3, is W5 (< Since the detector 75' is installed inside the detector 76' by a distance corresponding to the difference (W5-W3) from the distance W2), the detectors 75 and 75' may be used when aligning. This loading mode is suitable for driving on roads that wind from side to side, such as mountain passes.

As is clear from the description of the embodiments above,
The loading device according to the embodiment of the present invention having the above-mentioned configuration detects the horizontal position of the truck loading platform 3 with the detector 82 of the slide shaft 8, even if the landing position of the truck is not necessarily accurate. Since the loads 4 and 4' can be directly brought to a predetermined position based on the
Once the loading position is detected once by the detector 82 at the start of loading, loading can be carried out repeatedly and automatically without the need for this detection after the start of loading.
There is an advantage that there is no need to move the device body after moving it to the center of the device body as in conventional devices, and there is no need to move the device body every time it is loaded. Moreover, since the level adjustment in the vertical direction can be performed at the same time as the width adjustment in the horizontal direction, there is no wasted operation, and the system is highly efficient and simple. Further, since the loading conveyors 6, 6' are adapted to move together with the width shifting devices 7, 7, there is no need to incorporate a conveyor perpendicular to the loading conveyors 6, 6'. By moving `` in this way, the loads 4 and 9 are moved by pushers 9 and 9 .
There is also the advantage that the center part of 4' can be easily pushed in without requiring any special measures.

Above, one embodiment of the loading device and the embodiment of the loading method of the present invention have been described for the case where the lifting device 5 is fixed at a predetermined position.However, in the loading device of the present invention, the lifting device As shown in FIG. 12, the structure may be such that it is disposed on a cart 12 that can move horizontally on a fixed path 11. By configuring the loading device in this way, the first
For example, three sets of load conveyor 1 shown in Fig. 2,
After receiving a load from any one set of trucks 1', it becomes possible to load the load onto any one of the loading platforms 3 of the three trucks that have landed on the floor. In addition, in FIG. 12, 13 indicates each set of load conveyor 1,
This is a limit switch for stopping the truck 12 in front of the point 1'.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the loading device of the present invention is suitable for transferring loads arranged on a load conveyor in pallets onto a loading platform such as a truck. It can be moved to suit the position of the loading platform, which has the effect of increasing the ability to transfer loads onto the loading platform of a truck, etc., and it also simplifies the structure. , its industrial utility value is high.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view schematically showing an embodiment of the loading device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view thereof, FIG. 3 is an enlarged detailed plan view of the loading device, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged detailed right side view of the loading device, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing how the reflector mounting plate is attached to the truck, and FIG. 7 is the reflector mounting plate. A perspective view, FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 are a plan view, a front view, a right side view, and FIG. 12 is a plan view for explaining a side-by-side stacking mode according to a loading method using the loading device of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a plan view schematically showing another embodiment of the loading device of the present invention. 1, 1'... Conveyor for transporting loads, 3... Loading platform,
4, 4'...Load, 7, 7'...Shipping device, 8...
Slide shaft, 75, 75'...detector of the width shifting device, 82...horizontal position detector of the loading platform.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A loading device comprising a shuffling device for shuffling the loads conveyed from two rows of load conveying conveyors and transferring the gathered loads onto a loading platform such as a truck, The loading device has a slide shaft that has a detector for detecting the horizontal position of the loading platform and moves horizontally in a direction substantially perpendicular to the loading direction. Another detector is provided in the front and detects the horizontal position of the slide shaft, and the width adjustment device is provided with another detector for detecting the horizontal position of the slide shaft, and the detector of the width adjustment device detects the horizontal position of the slide shaft to remove the load. The detector is configured to be able to be moved to a predetermined position, and the detector and the other detector are configured to be able to detect the position to be detected when moved to a position opposite to the position to be detected. A loading device characterized by: 2. A lifting device that moves up and down in the vertical direction, a loading conveyor that is disposed on the lifting device and moves in a direction substantially perpendicular to the load carrying direction, and a sweeping device that sweeps the load on the loading conveyor. A loading device according to claim 1, comprising: 3. The loading device according to claim 2, wherein the lifting device is disposed on a truck that can move horizontally on a fixed path.