JPH0339613B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an outer diameter measurement system for measuring the outer diameter of a round shaft such as a rolling roll, and particularly relates to a setting standard for setting a reference value thereof. Regarding those equipped with units.

[Background Art and Problems Therein] Conventionally, an outer diameter dimension measuring instrument includes a saddle-shaped fixed stand having a pair of bifurcated legs, and a display means such as a dial gauge attached to this fixed stand. is known, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 48-78152. This type of measuring instrument can efficiently measure the outer diameter dimension simply by touching the contact surfaces of both legs with the object to be measured, and is particularly convenient because it can be measured while the object to be measured is attached to a machine tool, etc. It is.

However, since the conventional measuring instrument is composed of a saddle-shaped fixing base adapted to a certain range of outer diameters and a display means, it has had the following problems.

In other words, since the opening angle formed by both contact surfaces of the saddle-shaped fixing base is fixed at a predetermined angle θ, when performing comparative measurements, the numerical value displayed on the display means is set to zero at the reference outer diameter dimension. I have to, but
This work is done by pressing a round piece of standard outside diameter size, such as a ring gauge, against the contact surface and adjusting the display means. For example, in the case of a dial gauge, by aligning the scale plate with the pointer position and setting it to zero. Ta. Therefore, there is a problem in that a large number of highly precisely finished ring gauges must be prepared in accordance with the outer diameter dimensions of the object to be measured.

Furthermore, since the permissible movement stroke of the spindle in the display means is structurally restricted within a certain range, the range that can be measured with one measuring device is naturally limited, and as a result, a large number of measuring devices are used for each certain range. This is inconvenient both economically and in terms of work efficiency.In particular, the higher the precision of the display means, the greater the magnification ratio and the smaller the permissible movement stroke of the spindle, so this disadvantage is significant. There are also problems.

Furthermore, theoretically, once the display value of the display means is adjusted to indicate the outer diameter dimension of a ring gauge while the contact surface is pressed against the ring gauge,
After that, the outer diameter of the object to be measured can be directly measured, that is, absolute measurement is possible.
However, the predetermined angle θ is almost never the same as the actual machined product and the design value, so the larger the difference from the outer diameter of the reference ring gauge, the more the angle θ can be measured based on that angle difference. The measurement error included in the outer diameter dimension becomes large, and in order to solve this problem, it is necessary to make the same adjustment as in the first problem mentioned above, and in this case too, the inconvenience of the first problem is aggravated. There is also the problem of being exposed.

In this way, despite its convenience in use, the outer diameter dimension measuring instrument using a saddle-shaped fixed stand cannot effectively solve the above-mentioned problems, which is why it has not become very popular in practice. It was here. Therefore, there has been a desire for means that can easily solve each of the above-mentioned problems.

[Object of the Invention] An object of the present invention is to provide an outer diameter measurement system that is extremely easy to use and allows the reference outer diameter to be easily set without using a ring gauge.

[Means and Effects for Solving the Problems] The present invention solves the disadvantages of this type of measuring instrument when the diameter of a ring gauge, etc. is equal to or very close to the outer diameter dimension to be measured at the time of adjustment. This was done by focusing on the fact that it is difficult to set the specified dimensions using a reference body, and the inside of the pair of legs of the saddle-shaped fixed base is When the predetermined angle formed by the formed contact surface is θ, a reference stand having a pair of guide surfaces having an opening angle that matches this predetermined angle θ is used, and a plurality of guide surfaces placed on this reference stand are used. A block gauge is used to define an imaginary circle that is inscribed on both guide surfaces of the reference base and the top surface of the reference base or the top surface of the block gauge. The above objective is achieved by assuming that this virtual circle is the maximum surface that contacts the contacts of the display means corresponding to the diameter dimension, and by simply changing the thickness of the block gauge, this virtual circle can be easily set to any diameter. This is what I am trying to do.

Specifically, a contact surface to be pressed against the outer circumferential surface of the object to be measured having a circular cross section was provided inside the pair of legs, and the opening angle of the contact surfaces of the pair of legs was set to a predetermined angle θ. It has a saddle-shaped fixed base and a spindle that is attached to the fixed base and is movable on a base line that bisects the predetermined angle θ. display means for converting and displaying the equivalent quantity; and an outer diameter dimension measuring unit, the display means being movable on the base line which is the bisector, and mounted on the saddle-shaped fixed base. At the same time, a reference stand having a pair of guide surfaces whose opening angle is the same as the predetermined angle θ and arranged symmetrically with respect to the reference line, and an upper surface and a lower surface perpendicular to the reference line; This outer diameter dimension measuring system is characterized by comprising a setting reference unit including a plurality of block gauges placed on the upper surface for changing the apparent position of the upper surface with respect to the lower surface.

[Example] Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1 to 3.

The saddle-shaped fixing base 10 formed in a bifurcated shape has a pair of legs 11 forming the bifurcated shape, and
A contact surface 12 that is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the object to be measured 1 having a circular cross section is provided on the inside of the pair of legs 11, and a predetermined thickness portion of the leg 11 including this contact surface 12 is made of cemented carbide or the like. The chip 13 is made of a hard material. A connecting portion 14 that connects both legs 11 of this saddle-shaped fixing base 10 is provided with a hole 15 that penetrates in the vertical direction in the figure. The base line P, which is the vertical direction, that is, the bisector of the predetermined angle θ, is fixed by an appropriate fixing means 16 such as a cam clamp.
It is displaceably mounted on the top.

The display means 20 is composed of a digital display type dial gauge or the like, and includes a spindle 23 having a contactor 22 at the tip that is movable along the base line P within the stem 21, and displays the amount of movement of the spindle 23 digitally. It has a digital display section 24 for displaying information. The display means 20 also includes a power switch 25 for turning on and off the power of the built-in battery, etc., an inch/millimeter switch 26 for switching the unit of the numerical value displayed on the digital display section 24 between inches or millimeters, and the digital display section. a preset switch 27 for presetting the numerical value displayed on 24 to an arbitrary value; and the digital display section 24.
A zero set switch 28 for zeroing the numerical value displayed on the screen, and a direction changeover switch for changing the direction of adding or subtracting the movement of the spindle 23 in the advancing or retracting direction to the currently displayed numerical value. It is equipped with 29. On this occasion,
The preset switch 27 may have a configuration in which, for example, the displayed value is automatically updated while the button is pressed, and the value is preset when the button is released, or a configuration in which the value is preset by a combination of a large number of numerical buttons. With the button of the set switch 27 pressed, by pressing another appropriate button, such as the button of the zero set switch 28, which can be used in combination, the settings can be made sequentially for each digit. It is configured.

The display means 20 and the saddle-shaped fixing base 10 constitute an outer diameter measurement unit.

The display means 20 also includes a spindle 23.
A release 30 for slowly moving up and down the spindle 23 is detachable, thereby preventing reading errors caused by rapid movement of the spindle 23.

A reference stand 40, which is a feature of the present invention, is fitted into the leg portion 11 of the saddle-shaped fixing stand 10. This reference stand 40 has a pair of guide surfaces 41 whose opening angle is the same as the predetermined angle θ formed by the opening angles of the pair of contact surfaces 12, and which are arranged symmetrically with respect to the base line P. It has an upper surface 42 and a lower surface 43 that are perpendicular to the base line P. This reference stand 4
A block gauge 50 of an appropriate thickness is placed on the upper surface 42 of 0 as necessary, and by varying the height dimension H of this block gauge 50, the apparent position of the upper surface 42 with respect to the lower surface 43 can be changed. It has become possible to do so. A setting reference unit is constituted by the block gauge 50 and reference stand 40.

At this time, the height dimension H of the block gauge 50 can be determined by using one block gauge 50 of the required thickness among the plurality of block gauges 50 prepared, or by combining a plurality of block gauges 50. Try to get H. Also, block gauge 50
When only one sheet is used, a symbol corresponding to the diameter D of the object to be measured 1 set by the one sheet may be attached.

Note that the symbol O in FIG. 3 indicates the object to be measured 1 having a circular cross section.
The center of , α, is the angle between the guide surface 41 and the upper surface 43 .

FIG. 2 shows the electrical system of the display means 20. In this figure, the electric circuit section of the display means 20 includes an encoder 31 that detects the amount of displacement of the spindle 23, and an encoder 31 that detects the amount of displacement of the spindle 23.
The digital display section 35 includes a digital display section 24 that receives and calculates output signals from the digital display section 24 and displays the values on the digital display section 24.

The encoder 31 includes a main scale 3 made of a glass case or the like connected to the spindle 23.
2, an index scale facing the main scale 32 and having the same scale as the main scale 32, and a detection section 33 having a light source and a light receiving element.

The digital display 35 also includes a detection circuit 36 that receives a signal from the detection section 33 of the encoder 31 and performs predetermined waveform shaping, etc.;
It is composed of a counter 37 that counts signals from the counter 37, a control section 38 that receives the signal from the counter 37 and performs predetermined calculations, and a digital display section 24 that digitally displays the signal from the control section 38.
The digital display 35 receives signals from the power switch 25 and the direction switch 29 to turn the power on and off and to change the direction of increase/decrease of the displayed numerical value. - A millimeter changeover switch 26, a preset switch 27, and a zero set switch 28 are connected to each other so that control is performed according to the function of each switch.

Next, the principle of operation of this embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG. 3 as well.

In FIG. 1, when the block gauge 50 is not used, the contact 22 provided at the tip of the spindle 23 is in direct contact with the upper surface 42 of the reference stand 40, so in this state the display means 20 is zero. By pressing the set switch 28, the diameter D of the virtual circle inscribed on both guide surfaces 41 and the upper surface 42 of the reference stand 40, that is, the reference circle, can be set to zero, allowing comparative measurements to be made. Therefore, when the object to be measured 1 is brought into contact with the contact surface 12 of the saddle-shaped fixed table 10 instead of this reference stand 40, the object to be measured 1 will be affected by the deviation in dimension from the reference circle of the object to be measured 1. The positions of the contacts 22 in contact with each other in the base line P direction are different, and this difference in position is detected as the amount of displacement of the spindle 23. If the amount of change is calculated and displayed on the digital display section 24, the dimensional difference of the object to be measured 1 from the reference circle can be read as a comparative measurement value. At this time, the movement of the spindle 23 in the retraction direction indicates that the diameter of the object 1 to be measured is smaller than the reference circle, so that the movement of the spindle 23 in the retraction direction is represented as (-) on the digital display section 24. The direction changeover switch 29 is set.

In addition, when measuring the absolute dimensions of the object to be measured 1, a reference stand 4 is attached to the contact surface 12 of the saddle-shaped fixed stand 10.
0 is fitted, the contact 22 of the display means 20 is brought into contact with the upper surface 42, and in this state, using the preset switch 27, the virtual circle defined by both the guide surfaces 41 and the upper surface 42 is The diameter of the reference circle is set to be displayed on the digital display section 24. After setting in this manner, if a predetermined object to be measured 1 is brought into contact with the contact surface 12 of the saddle-shaped fixing table 10 as described above, the deviation of the diameter D of this object to be measured 1 from the reference circle will be determined. The spindle 23 is on the base line P
The value displayed on the digital display section 24 is subtracted from or added to the preset value in accordance with the amount of displacement, thereby making an absolute measurement.

Furthermore, if it is desired to change the value of the diameter of the reference circle from the value defined by both guide surfaces 41 and the upper surface 42 of the reference stand 40, a block gauge of a predetermined height H is placed on the upper surface 42 of the reference stand 40. 50 is placed, the contact 22 of the display means 20 is brought into contact with the upper surface of this block gauge 50, and the zero set or preset to a predetermined value is performed in the same manner as described above.
Comparative measurement or absolute measurement can be performed using the virtual circle defined by the three surfaces of block gauge 1 and the top surface of block gauge 50 as a reference. That is, by placing the block gauge 50 on the upper surface 42, the lower surface 4
The apparent position of the top surface 42 relative to the block gauge 50 can be changed, and the diameter of the virtual circle defined by the two guide surfaces 41 and the top surface 42 or the top surface of the block gauge 50 can be changed.

In order to bring the contactor 22 provided at the tip of the spindle 23 into contact with the upper surface 42 of the reference stand 40 or the outer peripheral surface of the object to be measured 1, the contactor 22 is brought into contact at a slow speed using the release 30, and the encoder 3
To prevent counting errors caused by too fast relative movement speed between the main scale 32 of No. 1 and the detection part 33, and to read accurate measured values.

By the way, if the predetermined angle θ, which is the opening angle of the contact surface 12 and the guide surface 41, is set to 112 degrees 53 minutes 06 seconds as shown in FIG.
The diameter D of and the distance X from the intersection A of the extension lines of both guide surfaces 41 to the upper surface 42 of the reference stand 40 are expressed by the following relational expression.

D=2sin(θ/2)/1-sin(θ/2)・X=10X...(1) Therefore, 10 of the value of distance X or the amount of change in distance
Multiplying the value becomes the value of the diameter D or the amount of change in the diameter D. For example, if a saddle-shaped fixing base 10 corresponding to a reference circle with a diameter of 1000 mm is used, the distance X from the intersection A to the upper surface 42 will be 100 mm. Therefore, if the diameter is 900mm
If you want to obtain a reference circle of
A 10 mm block gauge 50 is mounted, and the distance from the top surface of this block gauge 50 to the intersection A is X ₁
90 mm. At this time, with the contact 22 in contact with the top surface of the block gauge 50, the zero set switch 28 of the display means 20 is pressed.
By using the zero set or by presetting 90 mm using the preset switch 27, comparative or absolute measurements can be performed.

Furthermore, when bringing the contact 22 of the display means 20 into contact with the upper surface 42 or the upper surface of the block gauge 50,
If the stroke of the spindle 23 is not appropriate, the fixing means 16 may be loosened, the fixed position of the stem 21 relative to the saddle-shaped fixing base 10 may be shifted, and the stem 21 may be fixed again using the fixing means 16. That is, the spindle 23
Assuming that the stroke, that is, the measurement range is 12 mm, in the case of comparative measurement, if the spindle 23 is retracted 6 mm from its most advanced state and is set so that it touches the virtual circle that sets the reference dimension, the measurement range is ±6 mm. On the other hand, in the case of absolute measurements, the spindle 23 can be placed in the most recessed state with zero protrusion or the most advanced state with 12 mm, or 6 mm as in the case of the comparative measurement. It is used in such a way that settings are made in accordance with variations in the outer diameter of the object 1 to be measured.

After setting the diameter of the reference circle in this way,
When the object to be measured 1 is pressed against the contact surface 12 of the saddle-shaped fixing table 10, the comparative measurement value or absolute measurement value of the diameter D will be digitally displayed on the digital display section 24 of the display means 20 immediately.

According to this embodiment as described above, there are the following effects.

That is, since it is equipped with a setting standard unit for setting the standard dimensions of the outer diameter dimension measuring unit using the saddle-shaped fixed stand 10, and the standard dimensions can be set extremely easily, its range of use can be extended to all measurement fields. can be expanded to. Furthermore, in this embodiment, if a setting reference unit is prepared, there is no need for a single ring gauge that requires perfect roundness and high precision machining as in the prior art, and the apparatus can be provided at a low cost. Further, unlike a ring gauge, the reference stand 40 is formed into a table shape, so the reference stand 40 can be set on a table or the like for work.
Furthermore, the stable operation allows the position of the stem 21 relative to the saddle-shaped fixing base 10 to be arbitrarily set even if the stroke of the spindle 23 of the display means 20 is small, so that the range of application can be widened. Furthermore, this means that the stroke of the spindle 23 of the display means 20 may be small;
A large magnification ratio can be obtained for the movement displacement of 3, and the accuracy of the display means 20 can be improved. Furthermore,
By using a large number of block gauges 50 with different height dimensions H, initial settings can be made that match the ideal outer diameter dimension. Since the deviation is slight, it can almost eliminate any influence on measurement accuracy. Also, the predetermined angle θ is 112
Since the distance is set to 53 minutes and 06 seconds, the diameter D of the object to be measured 1 can be set as 10 times the distance X between the intersection point A and the upper surface 42. As a result, the thickness of the block gauge 50 to be placed on the reference stand 40 can be calculated extremely easily, the block gauge 50 can be easily selected, and handling is very convenient. Since it is only necessary to change the position of the decimal point in the product by one digit, it is extremely easy to reuse conventional products.

In addition, in the above embodiment, a digital display type dial gauge was used as the display means 20, but
The present invention is not limited to this, and a fully mechanical dial gauge or the like may be used. On this occasion,
If the predetermined angle θ is set to 112 degrees, 53 minutes, and 6 seconds as described above, the dimensions of the object to be measured 1 can be immediately expressed by changing the value on the scale plate of the dial gauge by one digit from that of the conventional product. It's convenient to do. Also,
The predetermined angle θ is not limited to 112 degrees 53 minutes 06 seconds as described above, but may be any value.
Setting as in the above embodiment has the advantage that numerical value processing is convenient. Furthermore, the shape of the saddle-shaped fixing base 10 is not limited to the one in which the legs 11 are extended in a bifurcated manner along the opening direction of the contact surface 12 as shown in the structure shown in FIG. 1; As shown, the leg part 11 may be extended in an arc shape, and in short, the object to be measured 1 is placed inside the tip of the leg part 11.
A contact surface 12 at a predetermined angle θ that is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of
It is acceptable as long as it is formed. Also, the fourth
In the figure, a scale 3 is shown on the stem 21 of the display means 20.
9 is extremely convenient when changing the fixing position of the stem 21 with respect to the saddle-shaped fixing base 10 described in the previous embodiment. Furthermore, the encoder 31 is not limited to an optical encoder, but may also be a capacitance type, a contact type, or
It may be of any type, such as an electromagnetic type or a magnetic type.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, the setting reference unit makes it possible to extremely easily set the reference dimensions of the outer diameter dimension measuring unit using a saddle-shaped fixing base, and expands the range of its use. The effect is that it can be done.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a front view showing one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a front view showing one embodiment of the present invention;
The figure is an electric circuit diagram of the display means of the above embodiment,
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the operating principle of the embodiment, and FIG. 4 is a partially cutaway front view showing another embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1...Object to be measured, 10...Saddle type fixing base, 11...Legs, 12...Contact surface, 20...Display means, 23...Spindle, 24...Digital display unit, 31...Encoder, 35...Digital display, 40... Reference stand, 41
...Guide surface, 42...Top surface, 43...Bottom surface, 50...Block gauge, θ...Predetermined angle, P...Base line, H...Height dimension, D...Diameter.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. An outer diameter dimension measuring system comprising an outer diameter dimension measuring unit and a setting reference unit, wherein the outer diameter dimension measuring unit is a contact member that is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of a workpiece having a circular cross section. a saddle-shaped fixing base whose surfaces are provided inside the pair of legs and the opening angle of the contact surfaces of the pair of legs is a predetermined angle θ;
Display means includes a spindle that is movable on a base line that is an equal dividing line, and displays the amount of displacement of the spindle converted into an amount equivalent to the outer diameter of the object to be measured. The setting reference unit is displaceable on the base line which is the bisector and is attached to the saddle-shaped fixed base, and the setting reference unit has a pair of opening angles that are the same as the predetermined angle θ and is arranged symmetrically with respect to the base line. a reference base having a guide surface and an upper surface and a lower surface perpendicular to the base line; a plurality of block gauges placed on the upper surface of the reference base for changing the apparent position of the upper surface with respect to the lower surface;
An outer diameter measurement system characterized by comprising: 2. The outer diameter dimension measuring system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined angle θ is 112 degrees, 53 minutes, and 6 seconds. 3. In claim 1 or 2, the display means includes an encoder that converts the amount of displacement of the spindle into an electrical signal, and a digital display that digitally displays the measured value from the output signal of the encoder. An outer diameter dimension measuring system characterized by having: 4. In any one of claims 1 to 3, it is provided that the display means has a preset function that allows the display value of the digital display to be set to an arbitrary value regardless of the position of the spindle. Characteristic outer diameter measurement system.