JPH0337657A - Photosensitive body - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve sensitivity to white light or laser light and repetitive characteristics by forming a first carrier generating layer contg. a compd. having at least one of specified residues and a second carrier generating layer contg. at least one of specified compds. CONSTITUTION:A first carrier generating layer 2 contg. a compd. having at least one of residues represented by formulae I-III or further contg. a carrier transferring material, a second carrier generating layer 3 contg. at least one of compds. represented by formulae IV-VII or further contg. a carrier transferring material and a carrier transferring layer 4 based on carrier transforming material are successively laminate don an electrically conductive support 1 to form a photosensitive layer 5. In the formulae I-III, each of R<1> and R<2> is H, alkyl, etc., R<3> is an arom. carbocyclic group, etc., each of R<4> and R<5> is alkyl, an arom. heterocyclic group, etc., each of D and E is halogen, cyano, etc., s is 0-4 and r is 0-2. Sensitivity to white light or laser light and repetitive characteristics are improved.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] stomach.

Industrial applications The present invention provides a photoreceptor, Especially regarding electrophotographic photoreceptors. It is something.

Conventional technology Conventionally, inorganic photoconductive materials such as selenium, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and cadmium sulfide have been mainly used as photosensitive materials for electrophotographic photoreceptors. Research and development is also actively underway.

On the other hand, photosensitive materials using organic photoconductive substances (OPC) are generally less toxic than inorganic photoconductive substances, and are advantageous in terms of flexibility, lightness, film formability, cost, etc. Since then, it has been attracting attention recently.

In any electrophotographic photoreceptor, a function-separated photoreceptor has the functions of charge generation and transport separated in each layer, and each function can be set independently. , which is advantageous in terms of photoreceptor design, as it expands the range of choices.

In addition, the functionally separated photoreceptor can improve electrophotographic characteristics and is excellent in sensitivity, repeatability, mechanical strength, and the like.

Such electrophotographic photoreceptors are generally widely used in electrophotographic copying machines, printers, and the like. For example, printers that use semiconductor lasers as light sources are used in computer terminals. The electrophotographic photoreceptor installed in such printers must have high sensitivity in the near-infrared region.

Further, development is underway to add a copying function to a printer that uses semiconductor lasers using white light as a light source.

In this case, the photoreceptor must first have high sensitivity in the near-infrared region to accommodate the printer function, and high sensitivity to light in the visible light region to accommodate the copying function. That is, there is a need to develop an electrophotographic photoreceptor that can be applied to an apparatus having both the printer function and the copying function using white light as a light source.

For example, JP-A-47-37543, JP-A-55-2283
Photoreceptors containing bisazo compounds, which are already known from publications such as No. 4, No. 54-79632, and No. 56-116040, exhibit relatively good sensitivity in the short and medium wavelength ranges, but in the long wavelength range. It had low sensitivity in the area, used a semiconductor light source, and could not be used in a four-color printer.

The currently widely used gallium-aluminum-arsenide (Ga-AI!, -As) light emitting device has an oscillation wavelength of 75
0 nm or more, and is sensitive in such a long wavelength range, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-433
No. 8, JP-A-58-182639, 60-19151
Examples include the χ, τ, τ', η, η' type gold metal phthalocyanine compounds described in the above publication.

However, such electrophotographic photoreceptors, which have high sensitivity in the long wavelength range, do not have sufficient photosensitivity in the medium to short wavelength range, and cannot support copying functions using white light sources as light sources. .

As mentioned above, electrophotographic photoreceptors for visible light and electrophotographic photoreceptors for semiconductor laser light each have relatively good performance when used alone, but they have sensitivity over a wide range from short wavelengths to long wavelengths. A photoreceptor is not currently available.

Furthermore, with the recent increase in the speed of electrophotographic copying machines and printers, the time required for the copying process has been significantly shortened, the number of copies has increased, and photoreceptors have been required to have higher sensitivity and durability. .

The object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus having high spectral sensitivity characteristics ranging from visible light to near-infrared light, and having both a printer function and a copying function using white light as a light source. It is an object of the present invention to provide a photoreceptor that can be applied to a high-speed copying process that has excellent repeatability.

20 Structure of the invention and its effects, that is, the present invention consists of a residue represented by the following form [■], a residue represented by the following form [■], and a residue represented by the following form [I [[ ]
At least i selected from the group consisting of the residues represented by
a first compound containing at least ■ species residues;
a carrier generation layer; a compound represented by the following structural formula (IVI; a compound represented by the following structural formula (V); a compound represented by the following structural formula (V[]; a compound represented by the following structural formula [VII]); This relates to a photoreceptor comprising a second carrier generation layer containing at least one type of compound (not only one type but also multiple types can be used in combination) selected from the group consisting of: be.

General formula [I] 2 General formula [■] 2 General formula [■]: In formula c, R' and Bt are each a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic carbocycle group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group, and R1 and R2 may form a ring.

R3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group.

R4 and R5 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic carbocyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group.

D and E represent a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group.

S represents 0-4.

r represents 0-2. ] Structural formula [■] : Structural formula [■] : Structural formula [VI] : Structural formula [VII] : I According to the present invention, the first and second carriers each contain the above-mentioned compounds as carrier-generating substances. A notable feature is the provision of a generation layer.

That is, a compound having a coupler residue of -form (N to [III]) has a spectral sensitivity spectrum as shown in FIG. 1, for example (example azo compound A-14), and its sensitive wavelength range is It extends over a long wavelength range and has a peak around 785 nm.Therefore, the first carrier generation layer has high sensitivity to long wavelength light such as a semiconductor laser.

However, although compounds having coupler residues of -forms [■] to [III] have good photosensitivity in the long wavelength range, they alone cannot be used in copiers that use white light sources as light sources. There wasn't.

As a countermeasure to this problem, it may be possible to sensitize the medium and short wavelengths by using other carrier-generating substances in combination, but the problem lies in the selection of the carrier-generating substances to be combined, and depending on this selection, the There is also a possibility that the original photosensitivity of the compounds having coupler residues (1) to [■] on the long wavelength side may be impaired. Furthermore, it is not necessarily the case that there is a uniform selection method for such selection, and the actual situation is that the selection is made from among a large number of compounds through repeated experiments.

Here, the inventor has -format (1) to (I[I)
By providing a second carrier generation layer containing compounds represented by structural formulas [■] to [VII] separately from the first carrier generation layer containing a compound having a coupler residue of It was found that satisfactory results could be obtained.

That is, compounds represented by structural formulas [IV] to [VII] have spectral sensitivities in the wavelength range of 400 to 700r+I++, and for example, compounds of structural formula [IV] exhibiting spectral sensitivity spectra as shown in FIG. Although it is a perylene-based compound, this is used for the second carrier generation layer, -form CI) ~ (I[r)
A compound having a coupler residue (Exemplary Compound A-14)
By using both compounds in the first carrier generation layer, as shown in FIG. 1, while significantly sensitizing the short wavelength side of 600 nm or less, It becomes possible to maintain the good photosensitivity on the long wavelength side inherent to a compound having a coupler residue, and also to reduce the potential H history during repeated use.

As a result, the presence of the second carrier generation layer makes it suitable for copying machines that require main spectral sensitivity in the visible range (for example, image signals from fluorescent lamps, halogen lamps, xenon lamps, etc. - analog signals), and Printers that require main spectral sensitivity in the long wavelength side of the visible light region or in the infrared region due to the presence of a carrier generation layer (e.g., image signals of light emitting diodes, substrate lasers such as He-Ne lasers, semiconductor lasers, etc. = digital signals) It is suitable as In this sense, both analog and digital types can be expressed using one type of photoreceptor.

The specific structure of the photoreceptor of the present invention will be described below.

The content ratio of compounds having residues represented by general formulas (1) to [III] and compounds represented by structural formulas [IV] to [VII] at the top of each layer is the weight ratio (-format CI ) ~ [I[
Compound having a residue represented by I): Structural formula [IV] ~
Compound represented by [VII]), (100; 10) ~
It is preferably within the range of (10:100).

Next, "-residues represented by form [I] and general formula (II)
A compound having at least one kind of residue selected from the group consisting of the residue represented by the formula (II) and the residue represented by the general formula (II[)'' will be described. Such compounds may be used alone or in combination.

In the general formula (N to [III]), examples of the alkyl group for R1 and R include a methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, etc. Examples of the "aromatic carbocyclic group" include a phenyl group and a diphenyl group. , naphthyl group, anthryl group, etc. R1 is a hydrogen atom, and R2 is an electron-withdrawing group (halogen, nitro group, cyano group,
Particularly preferred is a phenyl group having a trifluoromethyl group, etc.). Examples of the "aromatic heterocyclic group" include thiazole, pyridine, thiophene, benzthiazole, benzimidazole, and carbazole. Substituted alkyl groups include aralkyl groups (benzyl group, phenethyl group, naphthylmethyl group, etc.). When R' and R2 are substituted, the substituents include hydroxy group, halogen atom, alkyl group (methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, butyl group, etc.), aryloxy group, alkoxy group (methoxy group, ethoxy group, etc.). group, propoxy group, butoxy group, etc.)
, nitro group, cyano group, acyl group (acetyl group, propionyl group, butyryl group, benzoyl group, etc.), amino group,
Substituted amino groups (dimethylamino group, diethylamino group,
dibenzylamino group, piperidino group, morpholino group, pyrrolidino group, etc.).

Examples of the "aromatic carbocyclic group" for R3 include phenyl group, naphthyl group, anthryl group, and pyrenyl group. "
Examples of the "aromatic heterocyclic group" include a pyridyl group, a carbazolyl group, a thienyl group, and a carbazolyl group. Examples of the substituent include the substituent used for RIR2.

"Alkyl group", "aromatic carbocyclic group" of R4 and R5,
As the "aromatic heterocyclic group", all of the above-mentioned groups can be used. Examples of the substituent include the substituent used for R'R2.

Examples of the "alkyl group" for D and E include those mentioned above.

"Alkoxy group" includes methoxy group, ethoxy group,
Examples include propoxy group, butoxy group, and pentoxy group. As the substituent, all those exemplified for RIR2 can be mentioned.

Next, the structure of the present compound will be further illustrated.

- Format (A) In the general formula (A), R1 and RI2 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group (preferably a lower alkyl group), a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group (preferably a lower alkoxy group, a halogen atom, cyano group).

t and u represent 0, 1 or 2. When t is 2, the R's may be different from each other, and when U is 2, the RI2 may be different from each other.

Q represents a residue selected from the group consisting of a residue represented by general formula [I], a residue represented by general formula CII), and a residue represented by general formula [III].

- Format (B) In general formula CB), RI3 and R14 are R1 and RI2
It is similar to

■ represents Oll or 2.

Q represents the same thing as above.

Hereinafter, more specific compounds will be illustrated, but the compounds are not limited to the following.

(Hereinafter in the margin) - Format [A]: R (Hereinafter in the margin) General formula (B) (Hereinafter in the margin) General formula [B]: (Hereinafter in the margin) The above compounds are described in, for example, JP-A No. 62-17476.
No. 8 and JP-A-62-174769.

In addition, compounds having an azo group in the molecule can be used as carrier generating substances.

Specifically, there are disazo compounds having two azo groups in the molecule, trisazo compounds having three azo groups, and compounds having four or more azo groups.

Examples of the disazo compound include those shown in the following format.

General formula: %Formula% As other azo compounds, the following -form %Formula% General formula: N=N-Q Q-N=N-Ar' -N=N-Ar2-N=N-Q
Q-N=N-Ar'-N=N-Ar2-N=N-A
r co-N=N-Q [However, Ar', Ar2. , Ar3 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted carbocyclic aromatic ring group or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic aromatic ring group.

Further, specific examples of A r' % A r '' % A r 3 include the following.

] As the coupler residue Q, Further examples of the following can.

(The following is a blank space) J In addition, other known carrier-generating substances can be used in combination.

The above compounds can be synthesized by known methods.

Various configurations of electrophotographic photoreceptors are known, but
The electrophotographic photoreceptor based on the present invention can take any of these forms.

Usually, it is in the form shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Figures 2 and 3
In the figure, a first carrier-generating N2 containing a compound having a residue of general formulas (1) to [■] and a carrier transport substance as necessary on a conductive support 1, and a first carrier-generating N2 containing a residue of general formulas (1) to [■] and structural formulas [IV] to
A second carrier generation layer 3 containing the compound [VII] and a carrier transporting substance as necessary, and a carrier transporting layer 4 containing a carrier transporting substance described below as a main component.
In FIG. 3, an adhesive layer and an intermediate layer (or subbing layer) 6 as a barrier layer are interposed between the conductive support 1 and the photosensitive layer 5. It is set up.

When the photosensitive layer has a two-layer structure as described above, a photoreceptor having the most excellent electrophotographic properties can be obtained. Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the carrier generation layer 2.3 and the carrier transport layer 4 may be stacked in different order.

Although not shown, a protective layer may be provided as the outermost layer.

The carrier generation layer 2.3 can be formed, for example, by the following method.

M-1) - A solution prepared by dissolving a compound having a residue of form (1) to (I [
A method of applying a solution in which compounds of structural formulas (EV) to [VII] and, if necessary, a binder resin are mixed and dissolved.

M-2) - Compounds having residues of formats (1) to [III) and compounds represented by structural formulas [IV] to [VII] are separately mixed into fine particles (preferably has a particle size of 5 μm or less, more preferably 1
μm or less), and a binder resin is added as necessary to mix and disperse each dispersion liquid, and each dispersion is sequentially applied in the same manner as above.

Examples of the solvent or dispersion medium used for forming the carrier generation layer include n-butylamine, diethylamine, ethylenecyamine, isopropanolamine, triethanolamine, triethylenediamine, N,N-dimethylformamide, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, Cyclohexanone, benzene, toluene, xylene, chloroform, L2-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichloropropane,
1.1.2-trichloroethane, 1,1. I-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethane,
Examples include dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, methyl cellosolve, and the like.

Further, the carrier transport layer can be formed in the same manner as the carrier generation layer described above.

Any binder resin can be used to form the carrier generation layer or the carrier transport layer, but it is preferable to use a film-forming polymer that is hydrophobic, has a high dielectric constant, and is electrically insulating. preferable. Examples of such high molecular weight polymers include, but are not limited to, the following.

P-1) Polycarbonate P-2) P-3) P-4) P-5) P-6) P-7) P-8) P-9) P-10) P-11) P-12) P -13) P-14) P-15) P-16) P-17) P-18) P-19) Polyester methacrylic acid Acrylic resin Polyvinyl chloride Polyvinylidene chloride Polystyrene Polyvinyl acetate Styrene-butadiene copolymer Vinylidene chloride-Acrylonitrile Copolymers Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate-maleic anhydride copolymers Silicone resins Silicone-alkyd resins Phenol formaldehyde resins Styrene-alkyd resins Poly-N-vinyl carbazole Polyvinyl butyral Polyvinyl formal These binders The resins can be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.

It is 1000. If the content of the carrier-generating substance is less than this, the photosensitivity will be low and the residual potential will increase, and if it is more than this, the dark decay and acceptance potential will tend to decrease.

The thickness of each carrier generation layer to be formed is preferably 0.
01 to 10 μm.

Further, in the carrier transport layer formed as described above, the amount of the carrier transport substance is preferably 20 to 200 parts by weight, particularly preferably 30 to 150 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the binder resin in the carrier transport layer.

Moreover, the thickness of the carrier transport layer formed is preferably 5 to 50 μm, particularly preferably 5 to 30 μm.

The carrier transport substance is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, oxazole derivatives, oxadiazole derivatives, thiazole derivatives, thiadiazole derivatives, triazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, imidasilone derivatives, imidazolidine derivatives, bisimidasilidine derivatives, styryl compounds, and hydrazone. Compounds, pyrazoline derivatives, amine derivatives, oxacilone derivatives, benzothiazole derivatives, benzimidazole derivatives, quinadurine derivatives, benzofuran derivatives, acridine derivatives, phenazine derivatives, aminostilbene derivatives, poly-N-vinylcarbazole, poly-1-vinylpyrene, poly- Examples include one or more selected from 9-vinylanthracene and the like.

Examples of carrier transport substances include those represented by the following formats (C), (D), and (E), which have an excellent ability to transport carriers generated during light irradiation to the support side. .

General formula (C) However, Ar', Ar', and Ar each represent a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, Arh represents a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, and RZO represents a hydrogen atom or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group. group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group.

Specific examples of such compounds are described in detail in pages 3 to 4 of JP-A-58-65440 and pages 3-6 of JP-A-58-198043.

However, RZI is a substituted/unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted/unsubstituted heterocyclic group, and R22 represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted/unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted/unsubstituted aryl group, and in detail, Kaisho 58-134642 and Kaisho 58-1663
It is described in Publication No. 54.

-Form (E) 21 However, R23 is a substituted/unsubstituted aryl group, and RZ
4 is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, or a hydroxy group, and R2S is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted Represents a substituted heterocyclic group. Synthesis methods and illustrations of these compounds are given in Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-148750.
It is described in detail in the Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2003-100000, and can be incorporated into the present invention.

Other preferred carrier transport materials of the present invention include:
Examples include hydrazone compounds described in JP-A-57-67940, JP-A-59-15252, and JP-A-57-101844, respectively.

The conductive support used for the photoreceptor may be a metal plate, metal drum or conductive polymer including an alloy, a conductive compound such as indium oxide, or a thin layer of metal such as aluminum, palladium, gold or the like including an alloy. Examples include paper and plastic films made conductive by coating, vapor deposition, or lamination.

As an intermediate layer such as an adhesive layer or a barrier layer, in addition to the polymer used as the binder resin, an organic polymer material such as polyvinyl alcohol, ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, or aluminum oxide is used.

Organic amines can be added to the photosensitive layer of the present invention, and examples of such secondary amines that are preferably added include dimethylamine, diethylamine, di-n-propylamine, and di-isopropylamine. , di-n-butylamine, di-isobutylamine, di-n-agolamine, di-isoamylamine, di-n
Hexylamine, di-isohexylamine, di-n-pentylamine, di-isopentylamine, di-n-octylamine, di-isooctylamine, di-n-nonylamine, di-isononylagon, di-n-decylamine, di- Examples include isodecylamine, di-n-monodecylamine, di-isomonodecylamine, di-n-dodecylamine, and di-isodobutylene.

The amount of organic amines to be added is preferably 1 times or less, preferably 0.2 to 0.005 times the amount of the carrier-generating substance.

An antioxidant can be added to the photosensitive layer for the purpose of preventing ozone deterioration.

Typical examples of such antioxidants are shown below, but the invention is not limited thereto.

Group (1): Hindered phenols dibutylhydroxytoluene, 2,2'-methylenebis(6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol), 4.4'
-butylidenebis(6-t-butyl-3-methylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis(6-t-butyl-3-
methylphenol), 2,2'-butylidene bis(6-
1-butyl-4-methylphenol), α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, 2,2.4-)dimethyl-
6-hydroxy-t-butylchroman, pentaerythyltetrakis (3-(3,5-di-t-butyl-4
-Hydroxyphenyl)propionate L 2.2'-
Thiodiethylenebis(3-(3゜5-di-t-butyl-
4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate], 1,6-
Hexanediol bis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate], butylhydroxyanisole, dibutylhydroxyanisole, 1-(2-((3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-
-hydroxyphenyl)propionyloxy)ethyl)
-4-(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyloxy]-2,2,6,
6-titramethylpiperidyl, etc.

Group (II): Paraphenyl diamines N-phenyl-
N'-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N
'nidi=sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, N
-Phenyl-N-sec-butyl-p-phenylenediamine, N,N'-diisopropyl-p-phenylenediamine, N.

N'-dimethyl-N,N'-di-t-butyl-p-phenylenediamine.

[III] Group: Hydroquinones 2.5-di-t-octylhydroquinone, 2゜6-sidedecylhydroquinone, 2-dodecylhydroquinone, 2-dodecyl-5-chlorohydroquinone, 2-t-
Octyl-5-methylhydroquinone, 2-(2-octadecenyl)-5-methylhydroquinone, etc.

[IV] Group: Organic sulfur compounds dilauryl-3,3'-thiodipropionate, distearyl-3,3'-thiodipropionate, ditetradecyl-3,3'-thiodipropionate, etc.

Group (V): Organophosphorus compounds such as triphenylphosphine, l-su(nonylphenyl)phosphine, tri(dinonylphenyl)phosphine, tricresylphosphine, tri(2,4-dibutylphenoxy)phosphine, and the like.

These compounds are known as antioxidants for rubber, plastics, oils and fats, and are easily available commercially.

These antioxidants may be added to the carrier transport layer.

In that case, the amount of antioxidant added is carrier transport substance l0
0.1 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 1 part by weight
~50 parts by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 25 parts by weight.

The carrier generation layer may contain one or more electron-accepting substances for the purpose of improving sensitivity and reducing residual potential or fatigue during repeated use.

Examples of electron-accepting substances that can be used here include succinic anhydride, maleic anhydride, dibromaleic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride,
Tetrabromo phthalic anhydride, 3-nitro phthalic anhydride,
4-nitrophthalic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, mellitic anhydride, tetracyanoethylene, tetracyanoquinodimethane, 0-dinitrobenzene, m-dinitrobenzene, 1.3.5-trinitrobenzene, paranitrobenzonitrile, Vicryl chloride, quinone chlorimide,
Chloranil, pullmanil, dichlorodicyanobarabenzoquinone, anthraquinone, dinitroanthraquinone, 2
．． 7-sinitrofluorol/non, 2,4.7-)linitrofluorenone, 2゜4.5.7-tetranitrofluorenone, 9-fluorenylidene [dicyanomethylene malonodinitrile], polynitro-9-fluorenylidene [ dicyanomethylenemalonodinitrile], picric acid,
0-nitrobenzoic acid, p-nitrobenzoic acid, 3.5-dinitrobenzoic acid, pentafluorobenzoic acid, 5-nitrosalicylic acid, 3.5-dinitrosalicylic acid, phthalic acid,
Examples include mellitic acid and other compounds with high electron affinity.

Electron acceptability′jj! The amount of IJ material added is as follows: 1 ton of carrier generation material: Electron accepting material = 100: (0,01
~200), preferably 100: (0,1~100)
It is.

The electron-accepting substance may be added to the carrier transport layer. The amount of the electron-accepting substance added to this layer is such that the weight ratio of the carrier-transporting substance:electron-accepting substance is 100:(0,01 to 10
0), preferably 100:(0,1-50).

In addition, the photoreceptor of the present invention may also contain, if necessary, an ultraviolet absorber or the like for the purpose of protecting the photosensitive layer, and may also contain a dye for color sensitivity correction.

FIG. 6 shows an example of an image forming apparatus using a photoreceptor 1l-t according to the present invention. Here, 2 [ is a separation electrode, 27 is a cleaning blade, 28 is a static elimination lamp,
21 is a long wave light source, 22 is a short wave (visible light) light source, 20
2 is a charging electrode, 23 is a developing device, and 25 is a transfer electrode.

Furthermore, examples of light sources that can be used as the light sources 21 and 22 include white light, laser light (semiconductor laser, He-Ne laser), LED, and the like.

The developing device 23 may use either a normal development method or a reversal development method. The static elimination lamp 28 is effective during both forward development and reverse development.

When forming images, first of all, when using a white light source,
The photoreceptor charged at 20 is imagewise exposed at 22 and developed at 23. This is transferred to 24 with 25 transfer poles, and 26
Separate the paper using the separation electrode.

Scrape off the remaining toner with 27.

On the other hand, when a laser light source is used, the photoreceptor charged at 20 is imagewise exposed at 21 and developed at 23. This is transferred to the paper 24 using 25 transfer poles, and the paper is separated using 26 separation poles. Scrape off the remaining toner with 27.

In a recording apparatus that uses a drum-shaped image carrier like this recording apparatus, image exposure using a laser light source is preferably performed using a laser beam scanner as shown in FIG.

The operation of the laser beam scanner shown in FIG. 7 will be described next.

The laser beam generated by the semiconductor laser 41 is rotated and scanned by a polygon mirror 43 rotated by a drive motor 42 , passes through an f-theta lens 44 , has its optical path bent by a reflecting mirror 45 , and is directed onto the surface of the image carrier 23 . It is projected to form a bright line 46.

47 is an index sensor for detecting the start of beam scanning, and 48 and 49 are cylindrical lenses for correcting the inclination angle. Reflecting mirrors 50a, 50b, and 50c form a beam scanning optical path and a beam detection optical path.

When scanning is started, the beam is detected by the index sensor 47, and modulation of the beam by a signal is started by a modulation section (not shown). The modulated beam scans over an image carrier that has been uniformly charged in advance by a charger 20. A latent image is formed on the drum surface by main scanning by the laser beam 51 and sub-scanning by the rotation of the image carrier.

Further, in a recording apparatus in which the image carrier can take a flat state such as a belt shape, the image exposure can be a flash exposure.

E. Examples Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the MM for implementing the present invention is not limited to the following. 1111/亥1tsu0- The liquid prepared with the following composition was IO using a sand grinder.
The first ? It was made into a liquid.

Polyvinyl butyral (BM-2, manufactured by Miki Kagaku Co., Ltd.) 2 g Methyl ethyl ketone 200 dg Next, a mixture of resin, pigment, and solvent in the composition ratio shown below was dispersed for 6 hours using a sand grinder to form a second carrier generation layer. 2 solution.

Polycarbonate (L-1250, manufactured by Kijin Kagaku Co., Ltd.) 5g1.2
-Dichloroethane 200m to 0g And AI! The above-mentioned first solution was applied with a wire bar onto the polyester film deposited with , and dried to form a first carrier generation layer (thickness: about 0.5 μm). Next, the above-mentioned second solution was applied thereon using a wire bar to form a second carrier generation layer having a thickness of about 1 μm.

A carrier transport layer having a thickness of about 20 μm was coated on the above carrier generation layer to obtain a photoreceptor.

1.2-Dichloromethane 100 polycarbonate resin 15g (Nipiron Z-200, manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.) 2g Actual capacity fl Polyvinyl butyral (S-LEC W-201, manufactured by Block Chemical Co., Ltd.), 1g mixed with water / ethanol - 4/6 liquid 10
This was used as a coating solution for forming an undercoat layer. This solution was applied with a wire bar to a polyester film on which AA had been deposited to form a subbing layer having a thickness of about 0.5 μm.

Next, a solution having the following composition was dispersed for 10 hours using a sand grinder to obtain a first carrier generation layer forming coating solution.

Polyvinyl butyral (S-LEC BX-1, manufactured by Miki Kagaku Co., Ltd.) 1 g Tetrahydrofuran 100 dg This solution was applied onto the undercoat layer using a wire bar to form a first carrier generation layer having a thickness of about 0.5 μm.

Next, a dispersion having the following composition was mixed with a sand grinder.
The mixture was dispersed for 6 hours to obtain a second coating solution.

Polyvinyl butyral (BH-3, manufactured by Miki Kagaku Co., Ltd.) 1.2-dichloroethane rear generation layer type 5g 00d 0g This coating solution was applied onto the first carrier generation layer with a wire bar to a thickness of about 0.8 μm. A second carrier generation layer was formed.

On this second carrier generation layer, a coating liquid for forming a carrier transport layer prepared with the following composition was applied with a blade to form a carrier transport layer having a thickness of about 20 μm after drying.

Polycarbonate resin 15 g (Panrai L-1250, manufactured by Kijin Kagaku Co., Ltd.) 1,2-dichloroethane 100 m 12 g Actual m-running example, except that the azo compound used in the first carrier generation layer was changed to the following compound in 1. Samples were prepared by the method shown in Example 1 and evaluated.

Samples were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the azo compound used in the first carrier generation layer in Example 1 was changed to one having the following structure.

Samples were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the azo compound used in the first carrier generation layer in Example 1 was changed to a compound with the following structure. The azo compound used for the carrier generation layer was changed to one with the structure shown below, and the resin for forming the carrier transport layer was changed from polycarbonate to an acrylic resin (BR-80, manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.), and the carrier transport material Samples were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the following compounds were used.

Samples were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the perylene compound used in the second carrier generation layer in Example 1 was changed to a compound having the structure below.

Samples were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the azo compound used in the first carrier generation layer in Example 1 was changed to the following compound.

Samples were prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the azo compound used in the first carrier generation layer in Example 1 was changed to one having the following structure.

A sample was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the perylene compound used in the second carrier generation layer in Example 1 was changed to a compound having the structure below.

Actual LfLL A sample was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the perylene compound used in the second carrier generation layer in Example 1 was changed to a compound having the structure below.

A sample was prepared and evaluated in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the perylene compound used in the second carrier generation layer in Example 1 was changed to a compound having the structure below.

C/ Characteristic evaluation tests for each of the photoreceptors obtained as described above were conducted as follows.

, [Sensitivity test] Electrostatic charging test device EPA-8100 (Kawaguchi Electric ■
The exposure amount E, 7z (lux-sec) required for reducing the surface potential of the photoreceptor by half from the initial potential was measured using a photoconductor (manufactured by Mimaki, Ltd.).

[Repeated characteristic test]

Using the electrostatic charging test device EP A-8100,
1st time and 1st time when charging → exposure → static elimination is repeated 100 times
00th charge potential change ΔVO′+00 (v)
was measured.

[Long-wavelength photosensitivity measurement] Using a tungsten lamp as a light source in the measurement system using the EPA-8100 described above, the exposure amount El/□ ( VcTA/erg) was measured. The larger this value is, the better the sensitivity is.

The results are shown in the table below.

From the results in this table, it can be seen that all of the photoreceptors of the examples have higher sensitivity to white light, sensitivity to semiconductor laser light sources, and repeatability characteristics than the comparative photoreceptors.
It is clear that it shows excellent performance.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings are for illustrating and explaining the present invention, and FIG. 1 shows the spectral sensitivity spectrum of the photoreceptor, and FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 5 show the structure of the photoreceptor, respectively. 6 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of an image forming apparatus, and FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a laser beam scanner for image exposure. In addition, in the symbols shown in the drawings, 1... Conductive support 2... First carrier generation layer 3...
...Second carrier generation layer 4...
Carrier transport layer 5...Photosensitive layer 6...Intermediate layer (or subbing layer).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A residue represented by the following general formula [I] and the following general formula [
a first carrier generation layer containing a compound having at least one kind of residue selected from the group consisting of a residue represented by [II] and a residue represented by the following general formula [III]; A group consisting of a compound represented by the structural formula [IV], a compound represented by the following structural formula [V], a compound represented by the following structural formula [VI], and a compound represented by the following structural formula [VII] A photoreceptor comprising a second carrier generation layer containing at least one compound selected from the following. General formula [I]: ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ General formula [III]: ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼ [In the formula, R^1 and R^2 each represents a hydrogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic carbocyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group, and R^1 and R^2 may form a ring. R^3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group. R^4 and R^5 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic carbocyclic group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic heterocyclic group. D and E represent a halogen atom, a cyano group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group. s represents 0-4. r represents 0-2. ] Structural formula [IV]: ▲ Contains mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼ Structural formula [V]: ▲ Contains mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼ Structural formula [VI]: ▲ Contains mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc. ▼ Structure Formula [VII]: ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼