JPH0336474Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (Industrial Application Field) The present invention relates to an improvement of a cleat device for locking a hatch cover to a ship's hull, and more particularly to an improvement of a cushion that elastically supports a cleat bolt of the cleat device.

(Prior technology) In order to ensure watertightness, a hatch cover installed in the opening of a ship's hold has a seal attached to its periphery, which is pressed by the cover's own weight to a seal plate provided in the coaming of the ship's hull. There are many things. Then, in order to maintain this crimped state, the hatch cover 1 is locked to the coaming 3 using, for example, a cleat device as shown in FIG. That is, the cleat bolt 2 is projected from the side of the cover 1 toward the coaming 3, and when the hatch cover 1 is closed, the lock pin 10 is inserted horizontally from the coaming 3 side into the locking hole 8 formed at the lower end of the cleat bolt 2. insert. The cleat bolt 2 is fitted with a cushion 50 on the mounting seat 4 formed on the side surface of the cover 1.
Attach via. The cushion 50 is made of a cylindrical elastic material as shown in FIG. 9, and has a bolt hole 51 in its center for passing the cleat bolt 2 through. On the other hand, the lock pin 10 is attached to the tip of the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder 9 installed substantially horizontally on the coaming 3, and is guided by a guide 12 and moved in the horizontal direction as the hydraulic cylinder 9 expands and contracts.

When opening the hatch cover 1, the hydraulic cylinder 9 is contracted and the lock pin 10 is removed from the hole 8 of the cleat bolt 2. When closing the hatch cover 1, the cover 1 is seated on the coaming 3 and the cleat bolt 2
After the hole 8 has been lowered to a predetermined position, the hydraulic cylinder 9 is extended to pass the lock pin 10 through the hole 8.

Such cleat devices are provided at important points on the hatch cover 1 to prevent the hatch cover 1 from floating up from the coaming 3 during navigation, but to prevent the cleat device from being damaged by the pulling force acting on the cleat bolts 2 at that time. By compressively deforming the cushion 50 and allowing the hatch cover 1 to rise within a certain range, the pulling force of the cleat bolt 2 is prevented from becoming excessive. In this case, the restoring force of the cushion 50 increases approximately in proportion to the amount of compression, as shown in FIG.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Incidentally, phenomena that cause the hatch cover 1 to be displaced or deformed during navigation include, for example, the warping of the hatch cover 1 due to sunlight as shown in Fig. 11, and the shaking of the ship body as shown in Fig. 12. There is a misalignment of the cover 1 due to In this case, since the mounting seat 4 formed on the side surface of the cover 1 is displaced not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction, the cleat bolt 2 is tilted and the cushion 50 is compressed and deformed in an oblique direction as shown in FIG. At this time, the restoring force of each part of the cushion 50 differs depending on the amount of compression, and as a result, a moment as shown in the figure acts on the cleat bolt 2, but if the lateral displacement of the hatch cover 1 is large, this moment also becomes large. There is a risk of bending the cleat bolt 2.

One way to prevent such problems is to give the cleat bolt 2 sufficient bending strength as well as tensile strength in the axial direction. This is necessary, and the mounting seat 4 and other members are also sized accordingly, resulting in an increase in the size of the entire cleat device and an increase in cost.

On the other hand, if the cushion 50 is made softer, the restoring force becomes smaller with respect to the amount of compression, and the cleat bolt 2
It is possible to prevent the cushion from bending by reducing the moment acting on the cushion, but in that case, the cushion restoring force necessary for normal tightening cannot be obtained, and the hatch cover 1
There was a problem that watertightness could not be ensured because the material would float up with a slight force.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the hatch cover cleat device, the present invention has been developed to create a cleat that is difficult to apply bending moment to the cleat bolt even when the hatch cover is displaced or deformed in the lateral or diagonal direction, and that has sufficient tightening force at all times. The purpose is to provide equipment.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present invention attaches a cleat bolt to a mounting seat formed on either the opposing hatch cover or coaming via a compression deformable cushion, and locks the cleat bolt to the other. In the hatch cover cleat device for tightening the hatch cover, the cushion has a hollow cylindrical shape coaxial with the cleat bolt, and has a different diameter part in the middle part having a different diameter with respect to the part in contact with the seat surface, It is formed to have a substantially uniform thickness along its longitudinal direction.

(Function) When the amount of compression of the cushion is below a certain level, the entire cushion deforms in the axial direction, so the restoring force of the cushion increases as it is compressed to maintain the necessary tightening force for the hatch cover. However, if the amount of compression exceeds a certain level, The diameter section is displaced laterally to suppress the increase in restoring force. Therefore, even if the cushion deforms unevenly, the restoring force remains almost constant over the entire area of the cushion due to the lateral deformation of the different diameter portion on the maximum compression side, and the cleat bolt receives almost no moment. Doesn't work.

(Example) An example of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 1 to 7. Note that the same components as those in the conventional example are given the same numbers and their explanations will be omitted.

1 and 2 show a cleat device in which a cleat bolt 2 projects downward from the side surface of a hatch cover 1, and its tip is engaged with a coaming 3 to tighten the hatch cover 1. The cleat bolt 2 is attached via a cushion 5 to a mounting seat 4 that projects horizontally from the side surface of the hatch cover 1. The cushion 5 is a thin-walled cylindrical body made of an elastic material, and has a different diameter portion 5a in the middle that gently swells outward in a barrel shape. The cushion 5 is placed on the mounting seat 4, a cleat bolt 2 is passed through the cushion 5, and nuts 6 and 7 fitted on the cleat bolt 2 are used to tighten the cushion 5 and the mounting seat 4 from above and below through washers. A locking hole 8 is formed at the lower end of the cleat bolt 2, and a locking pin 10 is inserted into this hole 8 by extending a hydraulic cylinder 9 provided on the coaming 3, as in the conventional example. Lock the bolt 2 to the coaming 3.

Next, the effect will be explained.

When the hatch cover 1 tries to lift up from the coaming 3, the cushion 5 is compressed between the mounting seat 4 formed on the side surface of the hatch cover 1 and the upper nut 6 of the cleat bolt 2, causing elastic deformation. In this case, as shown in FIG.
When the amount of compression is small, the entire cushion deforms vertically as shown by the diagonal line, and the restoring force, that is, the cushion 5
The force exerted on the cleat bolt 2 via the nut 6 also increases with the amount of compression. Under normal conditions, the hatch cover 1 is tightened to the coaming 3 by the restoring force of the cushion 5, which increases approximately in proportion to the amount of compression, and the gasket (not shown) is sufficiently crimped to the seal plate.

When the amount of compression increases beyond a certain level, cushion 5
is deformed laterally as the different diameter portion 5a bulges outward as shown by the chain line. Since the laterally swollen different diameter portion 5a has a small repulsive force in the vertical direction, the restoring force of the cushion 5 hardly increases even if the amount of compression increases thereafter. In other words, the cushion 5 has compression characteristics as shown in FIG. 4, and within the compressible range of the cushion 5, no force exceeding a certain level is applied to the cleat bolt 2.

When the hatch cover 1 is laterally or diagonally displaced due to warping due to sunlight or displacement due to the motion of the ship, the cushion 5 is compressed unevenly as shown in FIG. At this time, the elastic material on the right side of the figure, where the amount of compression is small, contracts in the vertical direction as a whole, whereas on the left side, where the amount of compression is large, the different diameter portion 5a expands outward. However, as is clear from the compression characteristics in Figure 4, the restoring force does not increase beyond a certain level regardless of the amount of compression, so the force exerted by the cushion 5 on the cleat bolt 2 via the nut 6 is almost constant over the entire contact surface. Uniform. Therefore, the cleat bolt 2 only receives a constant tensile load in the axial direction,
Since no moment is generated, or even if it is generated, it is extremely small, so there is no risk of the bolt 2 bending.

Note that the different diameter portion 5a of the cushion 5 may be formed into a cylindrical shape with a constant diameter as shown in FIG. 6 instead of expanding outward. In addition, by making the middle part of the cushion 5 smaller in diameter as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to form the different diameter portion 5a and deform the different diameter portion 5a inwardly when compressed.In short, the cushion 5 may be formed in a shape that deforms in the lateral direction when compressed beyond a certain level.

(Effects of the invention) As described above, the present invention forms the cushion that elastically supports the cleat bolt into a cylindrical shape, and includes a portion of the cushion that has a different diameter that deforms laterally when compressed beyond a certain level. Therefore, if the amount of compression of the cushion is below a certain level, the entire cushion deforms in the axial direction, and the restoring force of the cushion, which increases with compression, provides the necessary tightening force for the hatch cover. The restoring force does not increase beyond a certain level due to lateral displacement of the part. Therefore, even when the cushion deforms non-uniformly, the different diameter portion on the maximum compression side deforms in the lateral direction, and the restoring force remains almost constant throughout the entire cushion. Since there is no risk of the cleat bolt being bent due to damage, the durability of the cleat device is improved. Further, since the cleat bolt does not need to take into account bending strength, it can be made with a small diameter, and other members can also be miniaturized accordingly, so the cost of the cleat device can be reduced.

Further, according to the present invention, since the deformation capacity of the cushion can be increased, it can be easily applied to a large hatch cover with a large amount of deformation, and since the tolerance range of the mounting position is widened, the rigging becomes easy.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a composite view of a front view and a sectional view of a cleat device showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a side view thereof, and Fig. 3 is a sectional view illustrating compressive deformation of a cushion in the same embodiment. , FIG. 4 is a graph similarly showing the compression characteristics, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view similarly showing the distribution of restoring force. Further, FIGS. 6 and 7 are sectional views showing other embodiments of the shape of the cushion. Fig. 8 is a composite view of a front view and a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example of a cleat device, Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating compressive deformation in the axial direction of a cushion in the conventional example, and Fig. 10 similarly shows the compression characteristics. 11 and 12 are cross-sectional views explaining the deformation and displacement conditions of the hatch cover, and FIG. 13 shows the restoring force distribution when the cushion is subjected to diagonal compressive deformation in the conventional example. FIG. 1...hatch cover, 2...cleat bolt,
3... Combing, 4... Mounting seat, 5... Cushion, 5a... Different diameter section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] In the hatch cover cleat device, the hatch cover is tightened by attaching a cleat bolt to a mounting seat formed on either one of the opposing hatch cover and coaming via a compression-deformable cushion, and locking the cleat bolt to the other side to tighten the hatch cover. The cushion has a hollow cylindrical shape that is coaxial with the cleat bolt, and has a different diameter part in the middle part that has a different diameter than the part that contacts the seat surface, and has a wall thickness that is approximately uniform along its longitudinal direction. A hatch cover cleat device characterized by being formed as follows.