JPH0335042B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a tool receiving casing that can be inserted into the main spindle of a machine tool, and a tool receiving casing that is slidably supported on the tool receiving casing in a transverse direction with respect to the axis of the main spindle. a transverse slider carrying the blade, an adjusting ring rotatably supported on the outer surface of the casing coaxially with respect to the axis of the main shaft, and a locking device for locking the adjusting ring with respect to the casing rotating with the main shaft. , the adjusting ring being connected to a transverse slide via a power transmission device provided in the casing.

[Conventional technology]

Radial adjustment of the tool blade basically has two different uses:

(a) Compensation for tool wear or fit in case of cylindrical surfaces. In this case, a relatively narrow area of radial adjustment of the blade takes place, especially when the tool is not acting on the workpiece.

(b) Radial adjustment for facing, taper milling or similar machining operations. In this case, the radial adjustment takes place when the tool is acting on the workpiece.

Devices of the type mentioned at the outset are already known.
In this device, the tool blade is adjusted by adjusting an adjusting ring with a scale by a predetermined amount when the processing spindle is stopped. In order to continuously adjust the tool during the machining process, the adjusting ring is connected via a special rod to a fixed point on the spindle housing. Therefore, the adjusting ring does not participate in the rotation of the main shaft. In this case, the transverse slide is moved via a power transmission as a function of the spindle rotation (for example, a universal facing and boring head from Wohlhaupter). A disadvantage of this previously known device is that it cannot be integrated into automatic processing.
This is because the adjustment of the adjusting ring or the connection of the adjusting ring with the spindle housing must be carried out manually in each case.

Furthermore, in the case of other known devices of the type mentioned at the outset, the adjusting ring can be held fixed by a special locking device formed on the machine, so that automatic adjustment is possible (European patent Application No.
No. 0155241). The locking device is mounted radially on the outside of the tool part, and the tool part is provided with an adjustment ring. This locking device thereby occupies a very large overall space of the tool structure and
For example, possible collisions between tool and workpiece must be taken into account. Another disadvantage of this known tool structure is that it does not reliably prevent accidental movement of the adjusting ring if the locking device does not engage the adjusting ring. For example, if the adjusting ring, which rotates with the entire tool, accidentally comes into contact with the workpiece, there is a risk that the blade will shift radially.

[Purpose of the invention]

The object of the invention is to enable an automatic radial adjustment of the tool edge for wear compensation and for facing, taper milling or similar machining operations, effectively preventing unintentional radial movements of the tool edge. The object of the present invention is to provide a device of the type mentioned at the outset, which prevents this from occurring and is of simple and space-saving construction.

[Summary of the invention]

This problem is solved according to the invention, in which the locking device includes a locking protrusion that can be projected from the spindle casing for receiving the spindle, the locking protrusion engaging and locking the adjusting ring in its protruding position, thereby locking the adjusting ring. The adjustment ring is provided with a locking member that can be operated between a locking position for locking the casing and an unlocking position for releasing the adjustment ring, the locking member being operable by a locking protrusion, This problem is solved in that the locking member moves to its unlocked position against the force of the return means when the locking bar protrudes.

The locking device differs from the structure described in European Patent Application No. 0155241 in that it is fixed on the outside of the tool and is not arranged in the radial direction, but is designed as a locking bar that can protrude from the spindle casing. This locking bar is fully retracted unless radial adjustment is required. Therefore,
The locking bar, for example, does not form a collision obstacle for the workpiece. In the extended position, the locking bar locks into the adjustment ring, so that the rotational movement of the spindle can be used to effect a radial adjustment of the tool blade. At the same time, the locking rod is
The task is to operate the locking member. This locking member holds the adjusting ring against rotation in the locked position and releases the adjusting ring in the unlocked position.

In an embodiment of the invention, the locking protrusion can protrude parallel to the direction of the spindle axis. Thereby, the locking protrusion can be provided within the outer contour of the tool, so that this measure eliminates collision problems of the locking device even in the protruded state.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the locking element is formed as a pin that is slidable parallel to the direction of the main shaft axis and is mounted in a recess of the adjusting ring in a rotationally fixed manner. In the locked position, teeth formed on the outer circumference of the pin mesh with teeth connected to the tool receiving casing. Depending on the fineness of the tooth selected, the radial adjustment and fixation of the blade can be carried out in more or less fine steps, as will be explained below. Other examples of locking engagements between the locking member and the tool receiving casing are, for example, serrations, perforated plates and locking pins or mechanical, hydraulic or other couplings.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the power transmission device includes an adjusting screw formed inside the locking ring and provided coaxially with the main shaft axis, and the adjusting piston slides relative to the casing when the adjusting ring rotates. The adjusting screw is threaded into a mating screw formed in the adjusting piston, which is axially slidably supported in the tool-receiving casing, and is attached to the end of the adjusting piston on the side of the slider so as to align the spindle axis. A protrusion inclined with respect to the direction is provided, and this protrusion engages in a recess formed in the slider in a complementary manner. The axial sliding of the inclined projection with the adjusting piston thereby results in a forced radial sliding of the slider. This design is particularly suitable for tools in which the radial adjustment is performed only for wear compensation and the radial adjustment stroke is relatively short.

In another embodiment of the invention, the power transmission device includes a gear wheel drivingly connected to the adjustment ring, which gear meshes with a rack connected to the slider. This construction is suitable for large radial adjustment strokes, which are required for example in the case of facing, taper milling, etc.

In another embodiment of the invention, the locking bar is connected to a sliding drive. The sliding drive itself can be controlled by a mechanical control and can be operated automatically.

In another embodiment of the invention, a counter is provided for counting the number of spindle rotations or rotation angles made when the locking protrusion is extended, and a calculator for converting the spindle rotation into a radial adjustment stroke of the blade. is provided. The calculator and calculator can in particular be integrated into a common machine control device.

〔Example〕

The figures show several embodiments of the invention. This example will be explained in detail below.

The device shown in FIG. 1 includes a schematically illustrated main shaft 4 rotatably supported in a main shaft casing 2. The device shown in FIG. The spindle has a conical tool receiving or mounting portion. This tool receiving part 6 includes
The tool cone 8 of the tool receiving casing 10 is received and tightened in a known manner, not shown in detail.

The tool receiving casing 10 is formed substantially rotationally symmetrical with respect to the spindle axis 12 and is provided with a flange 14 on the opposite side from the spindle 4 . This flange is provided with spur gear teeth on its outer periphery. An adjusting ring 18 coaxial with the main shaft axis 12 is rotatably supported on the flange 14 . The adjusting ring 18 consists of a rear adjusting ring part 20 and a front adjusting ring part 22, which are fixedly connected by screws.

A pin-shaped locking member 28 is accommodated in the recess 26 of the adjustment ring 18 . This locking member is slidable parallel to the direction of the spindle axis 12.
As can be seen in particular from FIG. 4, the locking element 28 is provided with teeth 30 in its area on the side of the spindle axis 12. This tooth meshes with the spur gear tooth 16 of the flange 14.
In the area opposite the teeth 30, the locking element 28 is provided with a keyway 32. A key 34 fixed to the adjustment ring 18 engages in this keyway. The key prevents rotation of the locking member 28 about its own longitudinal axis. The locking member 28 is axially slidable between a locked position and an unlocked position. In this locked position, the teeth 30 mesh with the spur gear teeth 16,
In the unlocked position, the teeth 30 do not mesh with the spur gear teeth 16. A compression spring 36 is compressed and inserted between the left end of the locking member 28 and the bottom of the recess 26 in FIG.
presses the locking member 28 into its locked position. The rear adjustment ring part 20 is provided with a recess 38 in the area where the locking element 28 is provided. This recess 38
The projection 40 of the locking member 28 reaches into the inside.

A locking protrusion 42 is supported in the main shaft casing 2 in parallel with the main shaft axis 12 so as to be movable in the direction of an arrow 44 and retractable. The head 46 of the locking protrusion 42 is formed to fit into the receiving portion 38 in a complementary manner.

The tool receiving casing has a central portion 48.
This central part is fastened to a closure plate 52 by screws 50. The central portion 48 and closure plate 52 include
A cylindrical recess 54 is formed eccentrically with respect to the main shaft axis 12. A correspondingly designed cylindrical adjusting piston 56 is mounted in this recess 54 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. Adjustment piston 56
has a main shaft axis 12 at its end on the left side in FIG.
It has a cylindrical protrusion 58 that is inclined with respect to the main body.
This projection engages in a correspondingly formed recess 60. This recess is formed by a slider 62 which is slidably supported in the closing plate 52 in a direction transverse to the main shaft axis 12 . The bearing of the slide 62 in the closing plate 52 can be seen in particular from FIG. The slide 62 carries a boring bar 63 with a cutting edge 66 in a known manner (not shown). The boring bar is aligned with the main shaft axis 12 along with the slider 62.
can be slid laterally against the

The radial recess 68 of the adjusting piston 56 has a
A guide 70 in the form of a circular section is inserted, in particular glued. A pin 72 that engages this guide 70 on the one hand and the adjusting piston 56 on the other hand is located in the recess 6
8 to ensure retention of guide 70 within 8. Guide 7
0 has a mating screw 74 on its arcuate outer edge,
This screw threads into an inner adjustment screw 76 formed on the inner periphery of the adjustment ring portion 22 described above. When the adjusting ring 18 rotates relative to the central part 48, the guide 70 and thus the adjusting piston 56 slide in the axial direction. In doing so, the protrusion 58 somewhat engages in the recess 60 of the slide 62, causing the slider to slide transversely to the spindle axis 12.

The operation of the above device is as follows. Once the wear on the blade 66 is measured, this wear is communicated to the central machine control. When the main shaft 4 is stopped and its angle is adjusted, the locking protrusion 42 protrudes to the left, so that its head 46 engages with the recess 38 of the adjustment ring 18 in a complementary manner. At the same time, locking member 28 slides to the left against the force of spring 36 until tooth 30 disengages spur gear tooth 16 of flange 14. Then, the main shaft 4 is rotated. In this case, screw screws 74 and 76 are threaded together, so that adjusting piston 56 slides axially, thereby causing slider 62 to slide radially. The control section includes a counting device for counting spindle rotations and converting this spindle rotation into a radial displacement of the slider 62.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the invention. In this case, parts that correspond to parts in FIGS. 1 to 4 have been provided with the same reference numerals.

The tool receiving casing 10 includes a central portion 148 with a flange 114. Spur gear teeth 116 are formed on the outer periphery of this flange. In the central portion 148, an adjustment ring 118 is attached to the bearing 11.
It is rotatably supported via 9. The adjustment ring 118 consists of a rear adjustment ring section 120 and a front adjustment ring section 122. Both ring parts are fastened to each other via screws 124. Adjusting ring 118 is provided with a locking member 128 in the same manner as described in FIG.
This locking element can be actuated by a locking bar 42 which can project from the spindle housing 2 and whose head 46 engages in a complementary manner in the rear adjustment ring part 120. This locks the adjustment ring 118 against rotation, while the main shaft 4 and thus the central portion 148 rotates.

A conventional universal facing and boring head is fixed to the front end face of the central section 148. The head casing 150 is connected to the central portion 148 in a rotationally fixed manner. Adjustment ring 152 rotatably supported on casing 150
is the slider 1 via a transmission device (not shown).
54 radial adjustments are made. Adjustment ring 152
is fixedly connected to the adjustment ring part 122 via a connecting piece 156 that engages in a corresponding recess 158 in the front adjustment ring part 122.

The operation of this device is as follows. When adjusting the slider 154 in the radial direction depending on the rotation of the main shaft 4 for face cutting or conical processing, the main shaft 4 is stopped and the direction is adjusted, and the locking protrusion 42 is projected to the left in FIG. . Thereby, the head 46 of the locking bar engages in the recess 138 of the adjustment ring 118, with the locking member 128 sliding to the left into its unlocked position as described above. When the main shaft 2 rotates, the adjustment ring 118 is fixedly held, and the recess 158 and the connecting member 156
The adjustment ring 152 is fixedly held through the. The central part 148 moves with it a housing 150 which is fixedly connected to it so that the slider 154 is adjusted in the radial direction via a transmission (not shown) provided in the housing 150.

The adjustment stroke is ascertained in that the revolutions of the main shaft are counted by a counting device and converted by a calculator into a radial adjustment stroke of the slider 154 according to this number. This device can also be integrated into a fully automatic machine control.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a blade adjustment device for wear compensation, Figure 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the - line in Figure 1. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of another embodiment, which is almost the same as that in FIG. - a partial cross-sectional view along the line; 2...Main shaft, 4...Main shaft casing, 10...
Tool receiving casing, 18, 118... Adjustment ring, 28, 128... Locking member, 36, 136...
...Returning means, 42...Lock protrusion, 62...Slider, 66...Blade.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A tool receiving casing that can be inserted into the main shaft of a machine tool, a lateral slider that is supported by the tool receiving casing so as to be slidable in the lateral direction with respect to the axial direction of the main shaft and that carries a blade, and a casing. an adjusting ring rotatably supported coaxially with the main shaft axis on an outer surface of the main shaft; and a locking device for locking the adjusting ring with respect to a casing rotating together with the main shaft, the adjusting ring being disposed within the casing. A device for radially adjusting the cutting edge of a drilling and turning tool, which is connected to a transverse slide via a transverse drive transmission device, in which a locking device can protrude from the spindle casing 4 receiving the spindle 2. It includes a locking protrusion 42 which, in its protruding position, locks the adjustment ring 18, 118.
The locking position and the adjusting ring 1 engage with and lock the adjusting ring 18, 118 to the casing 4.
A locking member 28, 128 that can be operated between an unlocked position and an unlocked position that releases the adjustment ring 18, 11
8, the locking member is operable by the locking protrusion 42, and when the locking protrusion 42 is extended, the locking member 28, 128 returns to the return means 36, 13.
A device characterized in that it moves to its unlocked position against a force of 6. 2 Adjustment rings 18, 118 are locking protrusions 42
recesses 38, 13 for receiving the
8. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises: 8. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the locking protrusion 42 is capable of protruding parallel to the direction of the main shaft axis 12. 4 The locking members 28, 128 are slidable in parallel to the direction of the spindle axis 12 and the adjustment ring 1
8,118 as a pin supported against relative rotation in a recess, in the locking position of this pin teeth 30 formed on the outer circumference of the pin mesh with teeth 16 connected to the tool receiving casing. Claims 1 to 3 are characterized in that:
The device described in any one of the preceding paragraphs. 5. The power transmission device includes an adjustment screw 76 formed inside the locking ring 18 and coaxial with the main axis direction, so that the adjustment piston 56 slides relative to the casing when the adjustment ring 18 rotates. In this case, an adjusting screw 76 is threaded into a mating screw 74 formed in the adjusting piston 56 , which is axially slidably supported in the tool-receiving casing, and at the end of the adjusting piston 56 on the side of the slider 62 . , a protrusion 58 inclined with respect to the spindle axis direction is provided,
5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that this protrusion is connected to a recess 60 formed in a slider 62 in a complementary manner. 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the projection 60 with respect to the main shaft axis 12 is between 2 and 6°, in particular about 4°. 7. Any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the power transmission device includes a gear wheel drivingly connected to the adjusting ring, which gear meshes with a rack connected to the slider. The device described in one of the following. 8. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the locking protrusion 42 is connected to a sliding drive. 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the sliding drive of the locking protrusion 42 is connected to a machine control device and can be operated automatically. 10 It is characterized by being provided with a counter for counting the rotation of the main shaft performed when the locking protrusion protrudes, and a calculator for converting the number of rotations of the main shaft into an adjustment stroke in the radial direction of the blade 66. , an apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9.