JPH0333261A - Non-air permeable sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain non-air permeable sheet having excellent flexural resistance and rubbing resistance with light weight having specific METSUKE (areal density) of woven cloth, tear strength, air permeability and bias elongation by constructing with plural fiber components having different heat-melting properties and forming resin coating of low-melting point fiber component at one face. CONSTITUTION:First fiber component melting at relatively high temperature or infusible having at least 1 denier single fiber size is mainly used to weave a plain woven cloth having <=300g/m<2> METSUKE and a coating film is formed with resin component of second fiber component. Then, the above-mentioned first fiber component and second fiber component are mixed in substantially fibrous state on reverse side of said woven cloth to afford the aimed non-air permeable sheet having respectively >=1.5kg tear strength in the both of longitudinal and transverse directions, <=0.5cc/cm<2>/sec air permeability and <=2% elongation in bias direction under 20 pounds/2.5cm breadth tensile force.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a non-breathable sheet that is lightweight and has excellent bending resistance and rubbing resistance.

[Prior Art] Conventional non-breathable sheets include canvas and coated fabrics made by impregnating or coating a fabric with resin, sheets made by laminating or bonding a film to fabric, and even sheets made of a film alone. .

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, all of these conventional products have weak bending resistance and abrasion resistance, and in addition, the resin-impregnated type is too heavy, and the film-laminated type has the disadvantage of being easy to tear. there were.

In view of the drawbacks of the conventional non-air permeable sheets, the present invention provides an excellent non-air permeable sheet that is lightweight, resistant to bending and rubbing, strong and difficult to tear.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has the following configuration to achieve the above object.

That is, the non-breathable sheet of the present invention is composed of two or more types of fiber components having a thermal melting difference, and is made of a woven fabric having a resin coating on one side, and is mainly made of a comparatively woven fabric having a single filament fineness of at least 1 denier. The textile structure is composed of a first fiber component that melts at high temperatures or is infusible, and the resin coating is composed of a resin component of a second fiber component that melts at relatively low temperatures. , the surface opposite to this resin coating surface has a sheet structure in which the first fiber component and the second fiber component are substantially mixed in the form of fibers, and the tear strength of the sheet is determined both vertically and horizontally. Both directions are 1.
5 kg or more, air permeability is 0. 5c c/ad/
It is characterized by being less than seconds.

[Function] In the present invention, the fiber components having a difference in thermal melting mean that the fiber components melt at different temperatures due to heat,
Specifically, at least two types of fiber components, namely, a low-melting fiber component (A) that melts at a relatively low temperature, and a fiber that melts at a relatively high temperature or is infusible compared to this fiber component. It is a combination with component (B), for example (A
), (B) or both components may be installed in plural units.

The non-breathable sheet of the present invention has a skeleton composed of a woven fabric, the woven structure of the skeleton is mainly composed of the above-mentioned fiber component (B), and the physical properties of the fabric are determined by the fiber component (B).
), so the single yarn fineness is at least 1.
It is desirable to use a material having a denier, preferably 1.5 denier or more, from the viewpoint of the physical properties of the fabric. Moreover, it is preferable to use threads of 20 to 1000 deniers as the threads constituting the fabric.

When the fiber component (B) is a thin fiber with a single filament fineness of less than 1 denier, the bending resistance, kneading resistance, and tear strength are generally insufficient, or the fiber component (A) is not melted. This is not preferable because it may melt simultaneously when forming the resin film, which tends to cause deterioration in fiber strength and change in elongation.

As the structure of the above-mentioned fabric, hand-woven, satin-woven, twill-woven, and other structures can be used. Among these, hand-woven fabrics are preferred because they allow easy control of elongation. The weaving density of the woven fabric is preferably in the range of 20 to 200 threads/inch both vertically and horizontally.

The basis weight of the fabric is preferably 300 g/rrf or less, more preferably 80 to 200 g/m2.
Easy to handle.

The air-impermeable sheet of the present invention is a sheet having a substantially two-layer cross-sectional structure on one side of which at least the interstitial portions (inner grains and fiber gaps) of the textile structure are made continuous with a resin coating of the fiber (A) component. It is.

The non-breathable sheet of the present invention is produced by first weaving a fabric using the fiber component (B) which mainly constitutes the fabric structure and the fiber component (A) which mainly forms the non-breathable resin coating, and then It can be produced by heating to melt the fiber component (A) and form it into a film.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned coating is performed only on one side, and the other side is left in a state in which the fiber component (A) and the fiber component (B) are mixed, thereby forming the substantially two-layer structure as described above. This structure is unique in that it has a tear strength of 1
．． I was able to increase my weight to over 5kg.

The woven fabric of the present invention uses a mixture of the fiber component (A) and the fiber component (B), and examples of such a method of mixing include, for example, fibers in which each fiber component is independent, a blend of them, A mixed weaving method, a mixed weaving method, or a method using composite fibers in which the polymer components of each fiber component are adjacent to or joined to each other can be adopted. Any of the fiber methods can be used.

Examples of such composite fibers include those of a laminated type such as a bimetallic type or a three-layer laminated type in which a fiber (A) component is laminated on both sides of a fiber (B) component, in which a polymer having a thermal melting difference is laminated. preferable.

In such composite fibers, when the polymer of the fiber (A) component is melted to form a film by receiving heat from the outside, the polymer of the fiber (B) component receives as little heat as possible,
In order to prevent thermal deterioration, it is preferable to select polymer components that have as much difference in thermal melting as possible.

This is true not only for composite fibers, but also for the entire combination of fibers constituting the non-breathable sheet of the present invention. The smaller the material, the more tear-strength and durability it can provide. The thermal melting temperature difference is preferably 20°C or more, more preferably 30°C or more.

In the non-breathable sheet of the present invention, the fiber component (A) and the fiber component (B) preferably have a weight ratio (A/B) of 1.
0/90~70/30. More preferably 30/70~
Those in the range of 50,150 are preferred. This ratio is also the same as the composite ratio of composite fibers. In other words, the fiber component (
If the mixed amount (composite amount) of A) is too small, it will be difficult to obtain a durable coating, and if the fiber component (B) is too small, the strength will tend to be poor.

The fiber component (A) is preferably one that is soft, resistant to bending and impact, and has high tear strength because it provides a resin coating with good film properties. Of course, it goes without saying that it is preferable to select a material that has good adhesion to the fiber component (B). On the other hand, materials such as polystyrene are hard and weak against bending and impact.
Those having low tear strength are not preferred as the resin coating in the present invention.

Examples of the resin constituting the fiber component (A) include polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, and copolymers thereof, and when the fiber component (B) is polyester or polyamide, polyester or polyamide containing polyalkylene glycol or Examples include those copolymerized with other dicarboxylic acids, diamines, etc., but the polymer is not limited to these as long as it has the properties required as the above-mentioned fiber component (A).

The fiber component (B) is preferably a fiber made of a polymer having excellent strength and non-water swelling property, such as polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate. If it is infusible, it can be used without being restricted by the material. Therefore, fibers made of polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, polyphenylsulfide, aromatic polyamide, fluororesin, etc., glass fibers, and carbon fibers can also be used.

As mentioned above, the melting point difference between the fiber component (A) and the fiber component (B) is preferably 20°C or higher, more preferably 30°C or higher.
The temperature should preferably be above ℃.

Examples of such a combination of fiber component (A) and fiber component (B) include a combination of fibers made of different polymers such as polyamide and polyester, and a combination of fibers made of the same polymer. can also be adopted.

The remainder of the combination of fiber components made of different polymers is:
For polyester fibers, there are combinations of fibers made of polypropylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, etc.
In addition, for nylon fibers, there are combinations of fibers made of polyethylene, polyurethane, etc.

On the other hand, examples of combinations of fiber components made of similar polymers include a combination of nylon 6.6 and nylon 6, a combination of nylon 6.6 and nylon 6, a combination of these nylons copolymerized with other acids or amines, and combinations of both nylons mentioned above. and polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate, and copolymerizing an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid such as isophthalic acid, 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid or adipic acid to the acid component constituting the repeating unit of these polyesters, An example of a combination of fibers made of a polymer such as one in which polyalkylene glycol is copolymerized as a part of the alcohol component is shown.

To explain in more detail an example of the method for obtaining the air-impermeable sheet of the present invention, the fiber component (A) having the above-mentioned thermal melting difference,
Using the fiber component (B), we first construct a fabric by weaving, and then heat treat it to melt the fiber component (A).
An air-impermeable sheet is obtained by forming a film into the substantially two-layer structure described above.

The heat treatment temperature at this time should be different depending on the type of polymer constituting the fiber component (A). The fiber component (B
) is preferred from the viewpoint of thermal deterioration and film properties.

What is important here is that the fiber component (A) on one side of the fabric
is melted to form a film, but care must be taken not to melt the fiber component (A) on the other side. In other words, if the fiber component (A) is melted on both the front and back surfaces and the entire surface of the fabric is made into a film, the tear strength will be significantly reduced to less than 1.5 kg, and the tear strength will be less than 1.5 kg. There is also a tendency for it to break easily.

The heat treatment method is not limited as long as it can heat and melt the fiber component (A) on only one side of the fabric having the above-mentioned fiber structure to form a film. Preferably, a hot press method is used in which component (A) is melted and at the same time the molten polymer is pressed and spread into a flat film to form a film. Among these, the thermal calender method is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of film forming properties and film properties.

During this heat treatment, the surface opposite to the heat-melting surface is preferably cooled using a cooling roll, a cooling press, or the like. By using this method, it is possible to more accurately allow only one side to remain in a fibrous state.

In the present invention, the raw material fibers, raw material yarns, or textiles used can be pretreated, such as low-temperature plasma treatment, before the above-mentioned heat treatment. Such pretreatment can improve the properties of the resin coating and the adhesion between the base fabric and the coating.

The air-impermeable sheet of the present invention is characterized by extremely high tear strength.

That is, when measured by the single tongue method, the weight is 1.5 kg or more in both the vertical and horizontal directions, preferably 2.0 kg.
It has tear strength of more than 1 kg. This 9-fiber strength is due to the fact that the non-breathable sheet of the present invention has a substantially two-layer structure as described above, and that the single fiber fineness of the fiber component (B) is 1 denier or more. This is thought to be due to the synergistic effect of

Furthermore, the air-impermeable sheet of the present invention has an air permeability of 0.000000000000 . when measured by the Frazier method. It is characterized by good air impermeability of 5 cc/ad/sec or less, preferably 0 to 0.3 cc/crl/sec.

This air impermeability is achieved by a coating made of the fiber component (A) resin, and in the air impermeable sheet of the present invention, such a coating preferably has a thickness of 10 μm or more.

A further preferred feature of the non-breathable sheet of the present invention is that the elongation in the bias direction is very low at 2% or less when measured under a load of 20 pounds of tensile force per 2.5 cm of elongation width. .

The above elongation was measured using a Scotto type kneading tester (manufactured by Daiei Seiki Kagaku Co., Ltd.) with an amplitude width of ±1.0 cm and a pressure of 2 kg/cI.
Even after rolling 100 times under Tr conditions, it is still more preferably 2% or less.

This elongation property is achieved by the synergistic effect of the woven structure of the air-impermeable sheet and the above-mentioned coating.

The air-impermeable sheet of the present invention may be used in a state in which it maintains a substantially two-layer structure and is further laminated or combined with other appropriate sheet materials.

[Example] Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Example 1, Comparative Example 1 Polyethylene terephthalate was melt-spun and drawn to obtain a 75-denier, 24-filament high-temperature melting fiber yarn (melting point: 254°C, fiber (B)).

On the other hand, polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 15 mol% of isophthalic acid was melt-spun and drawn to form a 75-denier, 24-filament low-melt fiber yarn (melting point:
At 220°C, fiber (A)) was obtained.

These fiber threads (A) and fiber threads (B) were aligned and mixed to obtain a mixed fiber yarn of 150 denier and 48 filaments (Example 1).

In Example 1, as the fiber (A), polyethylene terephthalate copolymerized with 2 mol % of isophthalic acid was melt-spun and drawn to obtain a 75-denier 24 filament (melting point: 243°C). This fiber yarn (A) and Example 1
The fiber threads (B) are aligned and mixed to form a 150 denier 4
A mixed fiber yarn of 8 filaments was obtained (Comparative Example 1).

The thus obtained mixed fiber yarn is used for warp yarn and weft yarn,
A plain woven fabric (basis weight: 147 g/rrl') with a warp yarn density of 105 yarns/inch and a weft yarn density of 95 yarns/inch was woven.

After scouring and drying these fabrics in the usual manner, they were heat-treated using a thermal calendar (roll on one side: using a cooling roll) at a calender temperature of 245°C and a nip pressure of 15 kg/cr to form two types of non-breathable sheets (with a fabric weight of 2. 147g/rrr)
was formed.

The evaluation results of these sheets are shown in Table 1.

As is clear from Table ■, compared to Example 1, Comparative Example ■
These had extremely low tear strength and were outside the scope of the non-breathable sheet of the present invention.

In Comparative Example 1, the resin coating was too advanced due to the heat treatment, the two-layer structure was not sufficiently formed, and the orientation of the fiber threads (B) was disordered, and some of them were fused and cut. was.

Examples 2 to 4, Comparative Examples 2 to 3 Nylon 6.6 (fiber (B) component) with a melting point of 233°C and nylon 6 (fiber (A) component) with a melting point of 180°C were spun into bimetal composite spinning. Fiber (B
) component and fiber (A) component: 10/90 (Comparative Example 2), 30/70 (Example 2), 50150 (Example 3), 80/20 (Example 4), 9515 (Comparative Example) 3), each was melt-spun and drawn to obtain a bimetallic composite fiber yarn of 150 denier and 48 filaments.

Next, these composite fiber yarns were used as warp yarns and weft yarns, with a warp yarn density of 103 yarns/inch and a weft yarn density of 92 yarns/inch.
Inch plain woven fabric (Weight: 140-143g/rrl')
Five types of were woven.

After scouring and drying these fabrics in the usual manner, they were heat-treated with a calender temperature of 200°C and a nip pressure of 10 kg/an with a thermal power of 1 (one side roll: using a cooling roll) to produce 5 types (fabric weight: 140 to 143 g). /rrf) was prepared.

The evaluation results of these sheets are summarized in Table 2.

As is clear from Table 2, in Comparative Example 2, the fiber (
The fiber (B) component has a small fineness and the fiber (B) component does not form a skeleton effectively enough, so the tear strength is 0. 5 to 0.7 kg, which was extremely low, and in Comparative Example 3, the resin coating was not sufficiently formed (and the elongation and air permeability were extremely poor, making it impractical. The sheets of Examples 2 to 4 were excellent in elongation, tear strength, and air permeability, and were all non-air permeable sheets.

From these examples, if the ratio of the fiber (A) component is too small, problems will occur in film formation, and conversely, if the ratio of the fiber (A) component is too large, the tear strength tends to weaken, so the composite ratio should be , (A/B) = 10/90 to 70/30.

Example 5, Comparative Examples 4 to 6 After scouring and drying the gray fabric of Example 1 in a conventional manner, the calender temperature was adjusted to 210°C (Comparative Example 4) using a thermal calender (one side roll: using a cooling roll). 240°C (
Example 5), the temperature was changed to 260°C (Comparative Example 5), and heat treatment was performed at a nip pressure of 15 kg/cr# to form three types of non-air permeable sheets.

Separately, the same upper fabric as above was heat-treated using a hot air heating type pin tenter at 260°C, and then nipped at a nip pressure of 15 kg/cnf to form a film on the entire front and back surfaces of the upper fabric. (Comparative Example 6).

The evaluation results of these sheets are summarized in Table 3.

As is clear from Table 3, the sheet of Comparative Example 4 has no resin coating and has extremely high air permeability, making it impractical as a non-breathable sheet. Similar to Comparative Example 1, the coating has progressed too much,
The orientation of the fiber threads (B) was disturbed, and some parts were fused and cut, and in Comparative Example 6, coating had completely progressed, and a coating was formed on both sides of the sheet. All of these had extremely low tear strength and could not be put to practical use.

On the other hand, the sheet of Example 5 was excellent in elongation, tear strength, and air permeability, and was a non-air permeable sheet with all three characteristics.

From these examples, it can be seen that the calender temperature during film formation is
It can be seen that it is preferable to select conditions that are higher than the melting point of component A) and lower than the melting point of component fiber (B).

In addition, fibers (A
) It can be seen that the tear strength is significantly reduced when a film is formed with the component.

Table Air permeability cc/al/sec Table Comparative example 6. Hot air heating pin tenter method [Effects of the invention] The present invention provides a non-breathable sheet that is lightweight, has excellent bending resistance and kneading resistance, and has extremely high tear strength. The sheet is also characterized by very low elongation.

Therefore, the non-breathable sheet of the present invention can be used as an outdoor cover,
It can be used as a sheeting material for various tents (for camping, show window eaves, etc.) and canopies, and as clothing cloth for waterproof clothing such as raincoats, sportswear such as windbreakers, etc. for sailing ships, yachts, etc. We can provide sheets that are effective for a wide variety of uses, such as sail cloths for windsurfing, crosses for ska diving such as parachutes, paragliders, and hang gliders, airbag cloths, and sheets for various covers. can.

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) A woven fabric composed of two or more types of fiber components having a thermal melting difference and having a resin coating on one side, and mainly having a single fiber fineness of at least 1 denier. The textile structure is made up of a first fiber component that is fusible, and the resin coating is made up of a resin component of a second fiber component that melts at a relatively low temperature. The surface has a sheet structure in which the first fiber component and the second fiber component are substantially mixed in fibrous form, and the tear strength of the sheet is 1.5 kg or more in both the vertical and horizontal directions, Air permeability is 0.5c
A non-breathable sheet characterized by having an air permeability of not more than c/cm^2/sec. (2) The non-breathable sheet according to claim (1), wherein the fabric has a basis weight of 300 g/m^2 or less. (3) The elongation in the bias direction under a load of 20 pounds of tensile force per 2.5 cm of elongation width is 2% or less (1)
) or the non-breathable sheet described in (2). (4) The non-breathable sheet according to claim (1), (2) or (3), wherein the woven fabric has a plain weave structure.