JPH0333098B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (a) Object of the invention [Field of industrial application] The present invention relates to a method for producing a plate-like foamable composite. More specifically, it is useful as a material for manufacturing composite phenolic resin foam molded products that have a composite foam layer in which a fibrous material and a phenolic resin foam layer are mixed, and are useful as various cushioning materials, heat insulating materials, exterior panels, and partition boards. The present invention relates to a plate-shaped foamable composite.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, in order to improve the mechanical strength of a phenolic resin foam molded product, it has been considered to mix various reinforcing fiber materials into the phenolic resin foam, and the initial condensation of shredded glass fibers and phenolic resin A method of mixing foamable resin composition powder (raw material for phenolic resin foam) containing foam and foaming and curing it in a mold, and a method of mixing a powdered foamable resin composition powder (raw material for phenolic resin foam) and foaming and curing it in a mold, and a method of mixing a powdery foamable resin composition powder (a raw material for phenolic resin foam) and foaming and curing it in a mold, After spreading and sandwiching these sheets, they are preformed using a hot roll or the like at a temperature that allows the resin composition and the phenol resin initial condensate to melt, and the resin composition is applied inside each cotton-like sheet. A method is known in which the multilayer body is impregnated and held, and the multilayer body is heated to foam and harden (see Japanese Patent Publication No. 8945/1989).

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, in the former method, it is difficult to mix the fibers and the resin composition uniformly, and it is difficult to obtain a foam molded product in which the phenolic resin foam layer and the fibers are uniformly mixed. It was hot. In the latter method, the resin is melted at as low a temperature as possible without causing foaming or hardening, and impregnated into the cotton-like sheet material. It is difficult to uniformly impregnate these resins into the sheet and requires high pressure (10 to 20 Kg/cm ² ).
Furthermore, because the range between the melting temperature and the foaming/curing temperature is narrow, partial foaming/curing may occur during preforming, and strict heat control is required. It was difficult to obtain a molded body.

The present invention has been made in view of such conventional problems, and aims to provide a plate-shaped foamed composite material that can easily produce a composite foamed molded product in which fibers and a phenolic resin foam layer are uniformly mixed. be.

As a result of intensive research, the present inventors found that when sandwiching the foamable phenolic resin composition powder between the cotton-like sheet materials, the sheet material contains a liquid material that is compatible with the phenolic resin initial condensate. By impregnating the resin composition with cotton, the resin composition can be heated at a lamination pressure of around 1 kg/ ^cm2 at most, and at a low temperature below the melting temperature of the resin composition, without performing high-pressure press treatment as in conventional methods. A plate-shaped foamed composite is obtained in which the interior of the sheet material is uniformly impregnated, and by using a volatile liquid substance, these are substantially removed during the heat treatment, thereby eliminating the adverse effects of the liquid substance. This invention was achieved by discovering the fact that this does not occur during foam molding.

(B) Structure of the Invention Thus, according to the present invention, a powdered resin composition consisting of a phenolic resin initial condensate, a decomposable foaming agent, and a curing agent added as necessary is mixed with the phenolic resin initial condensate in advance. The resin composition is sandwiched between a plurality of cotton sheet materials impregnated with a compatible and volatile liquid substance and/or between a cotton sheet material impregnated with the liquid substance and a predetermined face material. By heat-treating at a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the cotton-like sheet material, the resin composition is uniformly impregnated inside the cotton-like sheet material, and each cotton-like sheet material and/or the cotton-like sheet material and the face material are integrated. A method for producing a plate-like foamable composite is provided, which is characterized in that a plate-like foamable composite is obtained.

The most distinctive feature of this invention is that the cotton-like sheet material is pre-impregnated with a volatile liquid substance that is compatible with the resin. As a result, the resin composition softens even at a temperature below its melting temperature and permeates the entire cotton-like sheet material impregnated with the liquid substance, resulting in a board with the resin composition uniformly impregnated inside the cotton-like sheet material. By using this foamable composite, the intended composite phenolic resin foam molded product can be easily obtained.

Examples of the phenolic resin initial condensate used in this invention include novolac type and resol type phenolic resin initial condensates. Here, the novolak-type phenolic resin initial condensate is a so-called novolak-type phenolic resin known in the art that is obtained by reacting phenols and aldehydes in the presence of an acidic catalyst. means that polymerization can proceed further. This resin is generally in powder form at room temperature. On the other hand, the resol-type phenolic resin initial condensate is a so-called resol-type phenolic resin known in the art, which is obtained by reacting phenols and excess aldehydes in the presence of a basic catalyst, and is acid-cured. It means a substance that can undergo polymerization by using an agent and heating. Such resol-type phenolic resin itself is a liquid containing about 20% reaction water, but
This is further dehydrated (water is evaporated) to form a solid material (containing approximately 1% water), and then this solid material is pulverized to obtain the powdered resol type phenolic resin used in the present invention. Of course, a commercially available powdered resol type phenolic resin may also be used.

The above phenols include, in addition to phenol,
3,5-xylenol, m-cresol, 2,5
-xylenol, 3,4-xylenol, 2,4
-xylenol, o-cresol, p-cresol, etc. Further, aldehydes include formaldehyde, paraformaldehyde, hexamethylenetetramine, furfural, acetaldehyde, acetals, and the like. A preferred precondensate for use in this invention is a condensate of phenol and formaldehyde.

The decomposable blowing agent in this invention means an inorganic or organic blowing agent that can decompose and generate gas during heat curing in a composition mixed with a phenolic resin initial condensate. Typical examples of these are N,
Organic blowing agents such as N′-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, benzenesulfonyl hydrazide, azobisisobutyronitrile, azodicarbonamide, paratoluenesulfonyl hydrazide, as well as sodium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, and ammonium nitrite. ,
Examples include inorganic decomposition type blowing agents such as azide compounds (eg CaN ₆ ). All of these are in powder form.

The amount of the blowing agent to be added is the required amount, mainly taking into consideration the density of the desired final foam, but 1 to 50 parts by weight is appropriate for 100 parts by weight of the phenolic resin initial condensate; ~15 parts by weight is preferred.

Hardeners are used in particular when novolak-type phenolic resin precondensates are used. This curing agent means a compound that can be decomposed by heating and can undergo a crosslinking reaction with the initial compound of the novolak type phenolic resin.
Such a compound is a compound used to form a phenolic resin by reacting with phenols, similar to formaldehyde, and is usually in powder form. Specific examples include hexamethylenetetramine, paraformaldehyde, methylal, dioxolane, trioxane, tetraoxane, trimethylolphosphine, S-triazine, and the like.

The amount of the curing agent added is generally 1 to 30 parts by weight, preferably 4 to 15 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the novolak type phenolic resin.

The powdered resin composition of the present invention is usually prepared by kneading the above-mentioned phenolic resin initial condensate, a decomposable foaming agent, and, if necessary, a curing agent, using a heated roll or the like to uniformly mix the mixture, and then crushing it. Diameter 1mm
It is used in the following powder form. Of course, granules may also be used.

The foamable resin composition of the present invention may contain small amounts of various other additives, such as fillers such as clay and talc. The amount of these additives is preferably 100 parts by weight or less based on 100 parts by weight of novolac type or resol type phenolic resin.

Examples of the cotton-like sheet material used in this invention include organic nonwoven fabrics such as cotton, recycled fibers, and synthetic fibers, and inorganic nonwoven fabrics such as glass fibers, metal fibers, and carbon fibers, and those having a thickness of 20μ to 10mm are suitable. A material with a basis weight of 20 to 1000 g/m ² is suitable. In this invention, two cotton-like sheet materials are usually used, and the resin composition may be sandwiched between them, but in some cases, multiple layers may be laminated and the resin composition is sandwiched between each layer. Alternatively, it may be constructed by laminating a cotton-like sheet material and a face material.
Examples of the surface material used in this case include organic plate-like materials such as plywood and hardboard, metal plates such as stainless steel, aluminum, iron, and galvanized iron, and inorganic plate-like materials such as asbestos cloth and gypsum board.

The liquid substance with which the cotton-like sheet material is impregnated in advance is a volatile liquid substance that is compatible with the phenolic resin initial condensate and that can be easily dissipated at a temperature below the melting point of the resin composition. used.
Preferred examples include lower alcohols such as methanol and ethanol, aromatic solvents such as benzene, toluene, and xylene, acetone, and water; Any liquid material that can dissolve the resin precondensate can be used.

The amount of impregnation with the above liquid substance depends on the thickness of the cotton-like sheet material,
Although it varies depending on the basis weight and the amount of resin composition applied,
Usually, it is sufficient to impregnate the sheet material with 5 to 200 parts by weight of the liquid substance per 100 parts by weight of the intervening resin composition, preferably 15 to 50 parts by weight. Impregnation may be carried out by coating or dipping when the amount of liquid substance is large, but it is usually preferable to carry out by spraying from the viewpoint of uniformity of impregnation.

A predetermined amount of the resin composition powder is sprinkled or placed between cotton-like sheet materials impregnated with a liquid substance or between this cotton-like sheet material and a predetermined surface material, and these are applied to the cotton-like sheet material or surface material. The plate-shaped foamable composite of the present invention can be obtained by heat-treating the composite while being sandwiched between the two. At this time, the clamping should be done to the extent that each cotton-like sheet material or face material appears to be in close contact with each other, and it may be done by hand, but in practical terms, the clamping should be carried out at a rate of 1 kg/cm ²
It is best to apply pressure back and forth. In any case, high-pressure pressing is not particularly required. Note that a part of the resin composition held in this state is dispersed within the cotton-like sheet material, but is not impregnated into the whole, depending on the type and amount of the liquid substance. The subsequent heat treatment is performed by heating to a temperature below the melting temperature of the resin composition. On this occasion,
Furthermore, it is preferable to carry out the process at a temperature and atmosphere where the liquid substance present in the cotton-like sheet material can easily escape, and it is usually suitable to carry out the process at a temperature of about 40 to 70°C in a dryer. . Through such heat treatment, the resin composition is softened by the presence of the liquid substance even though it is below its melting point, and penetrates uniformly into the inside of the cotton-like sheet, and the liquid substance is gradually volatilized and removed. A plate-shaped foamed composite is obtained in which the inside is uniformly impregnated and each cotton-like sheet material and face material are laminated together. The amount of the resin composition interposed and held is usually 10 to 3000 g/m ²
It is suitable to use as a sheet.

Mounting the plate-shaped foamed composite in a predetermined mold,
By heating the resin composition to a temperature at which it foams and hardens, the fiber layer of the sheet material expands and hardens, resulting in a composite in which fibers and the phenolic resin foam layer are evenly mixed. A single-layer or multi-layer phenolic resin foam molded article having a foam layer could be obtained. In this case, it is suitable to use a mold that can expand in the thickness direction of the above-mentioned plate-shaped foamable composite, and the composite itself can be formed by laminating multiple sheets according to the desired thickness of the molded product. You may let them. Further, the heating temperature is usually preferably 120 to 200°C, preferably 150 to 180°C.

An example of the process of the manufacturing method of this invention is shown in FIG. In the figure, A is a step in which resin composition powder 1 is sprinkled onto a cotton-like sheet material 2 impregnated with a liquid substance, and B is a step in which a similar impregnated cotton-like sheet material 2 is laminated on top of the sprinkled powder 1. step C is a step of heat-treating the resin composition at a temperature lower than the foaming/curing temperature of the resin composition to fill the cotton-like sheet material with the resin composition 1' and volatilize the liquid substance to improve the foamability of the present invention. Each step of obtaining a composite is shown, and D is a process in which the plate-like foamable composite of the present invention obtained in step C is subjected to foam molding in a mold to form a foam layer 3 and in the thickness direction of the cotton-like sheet material. FIG.

[Example] Example 1 Novolac type phenolic resin initial condensate powder
To 100 parts by weight, 10 parts by weight of a blowing agent dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine and 10 parts by weight of a hardening agent hexamethylenetetramine were added and kneaded using heated rolls. Thereafter, it was pulverized to obtain a powdered resin composition. This foamable resin composition has 150 mesh remaining.
At 2.4%, the melting point was 80°C.

Next, as a binder, a mixture of methyl alcohol (reagent grade) and trichlorotrifluoroethane in a volume ratio of 1:5 was used, and 5 g was sprayed from a nozzle onto a polyester nonwoven fabric measuring 25 cm x 25 cm and 400 μ thick. Sprayed. 30 g of the above foamable resin composition is spread on the nonwoven fabric that has absorbed this binder,
Furthermore, a non-woven fabric absorbing a binder was placed on top of it and preformed at a pressure of about 1 kg/cm ² , and then
It was dried and heated for 100 minutes in a hot air circulation constant temperature bath at 60°C.

The obtained sheet-like foamed composite has a thickness of about 800 μm and has a yellowish tinge, and the foamable resin composition is uniformly melted and dispersed between the nonwoven fabrics, and also completely fills the voids in the nonwoven fabrics. It had a similar structure.

Next, this sheet-like (plate-like) foamed composite was
It was cut into 22 cm x 22 cm pieces, placed in a metal mold (22 x 22 x 0.5 cm), closed with a lid, and kept in a hot air circulation constant temperature bath at 160°C for 1 hour. After that, take the mold out of the thermostat,
The foam molded article was taken out from the mold.

The resulting foamed molded product was a foamed sheet that filled the entire mold, and all the voids were uniformly filled with a novolak-type phenolic resin foam layer with a yellowish, dense cell structure, which was used as a surface material. The nonwoven fabric was located on the upper and lower surfaces of the molded article, and had a structure that was integrated with the foamed molded article.

Incidentally, the density of this molded body was 110Kg/m ³ .

Example 2 A novolak type phenolic resin composition similar to that used in Example 1 was prepared.

Next, using water as a binder, 5 g of water was atomized from a nozzle onto a glass fiber mat measuring 25 cm x 25 cm and 200 μm thick. 10 g of the above foamable resin composition was sprinkled on the glass fiber mat that had absorbed the binder, and then the glass fiber mat that had also absorbed the binder was placed on top of it, and while heating to about 70°C, about Preforming at a pressure of 1Kg/ ^cm2 , then 70℃
The mixture was dried and heated for 3 hours in a hot air circulation constant temperature bath.

The resulting sheet-like foamed composite has a thickness of approximately
At 300μ, the foam was yellowish, and the foamable resin composition uniformly permeated between the glass fiber mats, formed a melted film and dispersed, and further integrated the two glass fiber mats.

This operation was further repeated to prepare three sheets. Next, this sheet was cut to 22 x 22 cm, three sheets were placed one on top of the other in a metal mold (22 x 22 x 0.5 cm), the lid was closed, and the sheet was kept in a hot air circulation constant temperature bath at 160° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, the mold was taken out of the thermostatic oven, and the foamed molded article was taken out from the mold.

The resulting foamable molded product is a foamed sheet that fills the entire mold, and all the voids are filled with a novolak-type phenolic resin foam layer with a yellowish, dense cell structure. However, it was a composite foam molded product dispersed in a foam layer.

Incidentally, the density of this molded body was approximately 180 Kg/m ³ .

Example 3 10 parts by weight of a blowing agent dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine was added to 100 parts by weight of a resol-type phenolic resin initial condensation powder, and the mixture was kneaded using heated rolls. Thereafter, it was pulverized to obtain a powdered resin composition. This foamable resin composition had a melting point of 75°C after 100 mesh passes.

Next, a mixture of methyl alcohol (special grade reagent) and trichlorotrifluoroethane in a volume ratio of 1:5 was used as a binder, and 5 g was sprayed from a nozzle onto a polyester nonwoven fabric measuring 25 cm x 25 cm and 400 μ thick. did.

Spread 40g of the above foamable resin composition on the nonwoven fabric that has absorbed this binder, and then spread 0.27mm of the above foamable resin composition on top of it.
An aluminum plate was placed thereon, preformed at a pressure of about 1 kg/cm ² , and then dried and heated for 2 hours in a hot air circulation constant temperature bath at 60°C.

The resulting sheet-like foamed composite has a thickness of approximately 1 mm, and is made by uniformly melting a reddish brown foaming resin composition into a film, dispersing and bonding it between the upper aluminum plate and the nonwoven fabric. It had a structure that completely filled the voids.

Next, cut this sheet into 22cm x 22cm, place it in a metal mold (22 x 22 x 0.5cm), close the lid, and heat it to 160℃.
The sample was kept in a hot air circulation constant temperature bath for 1 hour. Thereafter, the mold was taken out of the thermostatic oven, and the foamed molded article was taken out from the mold.

The resulting foam molded product is a foamed sheet that fills the mold, and all the voids are uniformly filled with a dark yellow resol type phenolic resin foam layer with a dense cell structure, and the aluminum used as the surface material. The plate and the nonwoven fabric were located on the upper and lower surfaces of the molded body, and the structure was integrated with the foamed molded body.

Incidentally, the density of this composite molded body was approximately 300 Kg/m ³ .

Comparative Example 1 A novolak type phenolic resin composition similar to that used in Example 1 was prepared.

30 g of this powdered resin composition was spread on a polyester nonwoven fabric measuring 22 x 22 cm and having a thickness of 400 μm as in Example 1 without using any binder. Furthermore, a similar nonwoven fabric was placed on top of it to form a sandwich-like structure. This sheet was extremely difficult to handle because the powdered resin easily moved during handling. Place this sheet in a metal mold (22 x 22 x 0.5 cm),
The lid was closed and the mixture was kept in a hot air circulation constant temperature bath at 160°C for 1 hour. Thereafter, the mold was taken out of the thermostatic oven, and the foamed molded article was taken out from the mold.

This foamed molded product had pores everywhere that were not filled with the phenol foam layer, and was obviously non-uniform. Incidentally, the density of this foamed molded product was 120Kg/m ³ .

Comparative Example 2 A novolak type phenolic resin composition similar to that used in Example 1 was prepared.

30g of this powdered resin composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1.
It was spread without any binder onto a polyester non-woven fabric measuring 25 x 25 cm and 400 microns thick. Furthermore, a similar nonwoven fabric was placed on top of it to form a sandwich-like structure.

The sheet was carefully placed on a hot plate press to prevent the powdered resin in the sheet from moving as much as possible, and was heated to 100° C. and molded at a pressure of 1 kg/cm ² for 10 minutes.

The obtained sheet was about 1 mm thick and had a deep yellow color, and the foamable resin composition was melted and formed into a film, but was dispersed in a mottled and uneven state, with a slightly foamed state near the center. The sheets were warm.

Next, cut this sheet into 22 x 22 cm pieces and use a metal mold (22 x 22 cm).
x 22 x 0.5 cm), the lid was closed, and the mold was kept in a hot air circulation thermostat at 160° C. for 1 hour.Then, the mold was removed from the thermostatic oven, and the foamed molded product was taken out from the mold.

This foam molded product is a foamed sheet that fills the entire mold, and although all the voids are completely filled with a yellowish novolak type phenolic resin foam layer, there are some areas with large bubbles. The molded product was non-uniform and had areas with extremely low magnification.

Incidentally, the density of this foamed molded product was 110Kg/m ³ .

(C) Effects of the Invention According to the production method of the present invention, a plate-shaped foamable composite material can be efficiently produced, which is a composite phenolic resin foam molded product having a composite foam layer in which fibers and a phenolic resin foam layer are evenly mixed. can be obtained.
This plate-like foamable composite does not require heat treatment above the melting point of the conventional resin composition during preforming, and does not require high-pressure press treatment, so it can be manufactured with extremely simple operations. A uniform composite phenolic resin foam molded product can be obtained without particularly strict control, and it is an industrially extremely useful foam material.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1A to 1D are configuration explanatory diagrams illustrating each process related to the manufacturing method of the present invention. 1...Resin composition powder, 1'...Resin composition,
2... cotton-like sheet material, 3... foam layer.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A powdered resin composition consisting of a phenolic resin initial condensate, a decomposable blowing agent, and a curing agent added as necessary is impregnated in advance with a volatile liquid substance that is compatible with the phenolic resin initial condensate. It is sandwiched between a plurality of cotton-like sheet materials and/or between a cotton-like sheet material impregnated with the liquid substance and a predetermined face material, and heat-treated at a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the resin composition itself. To obtain a plate-shaped foamed composite in which the inside of the cotton-like sheet material is uniformly impregnated with the resin composition and the cotton-like sheet materials are integrated with each other and/or the cotton-like sheet material and the face material. A method for producing a plate-like foamed composite material characterized by: