JPH0329817A - Wireless manual encoder - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify a construction without using a cable, by preparing pulse trains different in a time of continuation and by modulating a carrier wave of single frequency by these pulse trains. CONSTITUTION:Based on waves of phase A and phase B outputted by a manual encoder 1, a waveform detecting circuit 2 identifies whether the direction of rotation thereof is forward or reverse, and based on the result of discrimination, outputs two kinds of rectangular waves, an alpha wave and a beta wave, which have two kinds of pulse widths set beforehand. A modulation circuit 3 modulates a normal rotation signal wave (the alpha wave) and a reverse rotation signal wave (the beta wave) outputted by the circuit 2. Subsequently, these signals are amplified 5 and sent to an antenna 5 for transmission. Since the alpha wave and the beta wave are not transmitted simultaneously, a line connecting the circuit 2 with the circuit 3 is constructed of one circuit without any hindrance.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an improvement in a manual encoder that transmits a control signal to a numerical control device. In particular, the present invention relates to improvements in manual encoders that wirelessly apply pulse commands representative of the direction and distance in which tools and/or tables, saddles, etc. are to be moved during machining in machine tools and the like.

[Conventional technology]

In this specification, an encoder is expressed as an angular difference between a point specified on the outer periphery of a rotating body and a point specified on the inner periphery of a cylindrical fixed body that rotatably supports the rotating body. The angular position detection means detects the angular position of the above-mentioned rotating body.The angular position detection principle includes an example using an optical system.
Examples of using a magnetic system are in practice, and pulse signals are often used as the detection signal, and as a means of driving the rotating body, a servo motor or the like is used to drive it.
There are cases in which the rotation angle of this serpo moke is detected, and cases in which the rotation angle of the servo motor is detected by manually driving it and manually rotating it. The present invention is an improvement to manually driven encoders.

An example of a manual encoder according to the prior art will be explained with reference to the drawings.

Reference figure 2 is a perspective view of the manual encoder. In the figure, 6 is a scale plate fixed to the protective outer cylinder 9, and has a function of displaying the number of generated pulses. Reference numeral 7 denotes a handle, which rotates the rotating member 8. The rotating member 8 is shown in Fig. 3a.
As shown in Figure b, a rotating disk 10 having slits intermittently provided over its entire circumference is connected.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3b, one light emitting source 12 and four light receiving elements 13 are arranged across the slit of the rotating disk 10.
are fixedly arranged (supported by the protective outer cylinder 9). The optical signals input to the above four light receiving elements are input to comparators 19 and 20 (see Figure 3b),
As you can see, the A phase and B phase have a phase difference of 90°C from each other.
A set of pulse trains is output.

Next, regarding the pulse generation mechanism, see Figures 3a and 3b.
This will be explained with reference to FIG. 3c.

See Figures 3a, 3b, and 3C. Figure 3a shows the rotary disk 10 in which the slits 1l are provided over the entire circumference. A light emitting source 12 is fixedly provided on one side of the rotating disk 10, and a light receiving element 13 is fixedly provided on the other side (a third
(see figure b). The width of the slit 11 is set so that it faces two adjacent light receiving elements. The number of light receiving elements l3 is four as described above, and they are arranged as shown in FIG. 3C. The output of light-receiving element 8 and the output of light-receiving element A' are input to the first comparator 19, and when the output of light-receiving element A is larger than the output of light-receiving element A', the output of comparator 19 becomes 1, and vice versa. When the output of the comparator 19 is O(
It is set to be zero). Further, the output of the light receiving element B and the output of the light receiving element B' are input to the second comparator 20, and when the output of the light receiving element B is larger than the output of the light receiving element B', the output of the comparator 20 becomes 1. , conversely, the output of the comparator 20 is set to O (zero) when it is small.

As can be seen, at the position of the slit 11 as shown in FIG. 3c, the output of the first comparator 19 and the output of the second comparator 20 are both O (zero). Starting from this position of the slit 11, the rotating disk 10 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise by operating the handle 7, and the slits 1 and 11 are sequentially moved to the right or left with respect to the light receiving element 13.
The output of the comparator 19 and the output of the second comparator 20 will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

See Figures 4a and 4b. Figure 4b shows the slit when the rotating disk 10 is rotated clockwise.
-11 and a portion of the four light-receiving elements 13 are shown in chronological order. Also, Figure 4a shows the first
3 is a diagram showing the output of the comparator 19 and the output of the second comparator 20. FIG.

When one slit 11 moves by four light receiving elements, the output of the first comparator 19 and the output of the second comparator 20 both generate one pulse. The scale plate 1
A scale is displayed.

The output of the first comparator 19 is the A phase, and the second comparator 20
When the output of is defined as the B phase, it can be seen that when the rotary disk 10 is rotated clockwise, the A phase wave lags the B phase wave by 90 degrees, and this phase relationship is determined as a movement command in the negative direction.

See Figures 5a and 5b. Figure 5b shows in chronological order the relative positional relationship between the slit 11 and some of the four light receiving elements 13 when the rotating disk 10 is rotated counterclockwise. be. Moreover, FIG. 5a is a diagram showing waveforms of A phase and B phase. In this case, the A-phase wave leads the B-phase wave by 90 degrees, and this phase relationship is determined as a movement command in the positive direction.

By the way, in the prior art, the rotating disk 1o is rotated to the right or left by operating the handle 7 of the manual encoder to generate two pulse trains having different 90'' phases of the A-phase wave and the B-phase wave as described above. It was sent to a numerical control device, etc. using a line transmission path.The numerical control device, etc., determined whether it was a movement command in the positive direction or movement in the negative direction, based on the phase relationship of the pulses of the A-phase wave and B-phase wave. Once a command is identified, each time a pulse is input, a change in the angle determined corresponding to the pulse is recognized.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

As mentioned above, in the manual encoder according to the conventional technology, the manual encoder, which is a command device, and the numerical control device, which is a controlled device, are connected through a parallel circuit, so a cable with multiple lines is required, and this cable had to be moved as the position of the controller of the numerical control device was changed. For this reason, cable routing work is required, which significantly reduces work efficiency.

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome this drawback and provide a wireless manual encoder that does not use cables and has a simplified structure.

[Means to solve the problem]

The above purpose is to provide a manual encoder (1) that generates two independent rectangular alternating voltages, A-phase voltage and B-phase voltage, one of which is T electrical angle advanced in accordance with the rotation direction; It is determined whether the rotation direction of the manual encoder is forward or reverse by determining which of the A-phase voltage and the B-phase voltage is leading, and two independent systems having different durations corresponding to the forward or reverse rotation are determined. Waveform detection circuit (2) that generates rectangular alpha waves and beta waves
and a modulation circuit (3) that modulates a single carrier wave with the two independent rectangular waves α and β waves, and this modulation circuit (3).
3), a transmitting means (5) for wirelessly transmitting the output signal modulated by the output signal, a receiving means (14) for receiving the wirelessly transmitted output signal, and a demodulation circuit (14) for demodulating the received output signal. 16) and the demodulated two independent rectangular waves α and β.
This is achieved by a wireless manual encoder having a forward/reverse signal generating means (17) for generating a signal representing whether the rotation direction of the manual encoder is forward or reverse based on the wave.

[Effect]

The wireless manual encoder according to the present invention has the following two points.

stomach. As a means of transmitting control commands, a wireless method is used instead of the cable method according to the prior art.

B. Instead of the above-mentioned parallel signal system of A-phase waves and B-phase waves according to the prior art, a positive direction movement command or a negative direction movement command is executed using a single signal.

In order to solve the drawbacks of the prior art described in the above section, we first considered a wireless system as a means of transmitting control commands without using cables.

Next, regarding the wireless system, we will discuss the A phase wave and B phase wave of the conventional technology.
The suitability of the phase wave parallel signal system was investigated. As a result, if two types of pulses, A-phase wave and B-phase wave, are to be wirelessly transmitted as in the past, two types of carrier waves are generally required, and the modulation circuit becomes complex, making it impractical. doesn't have much meaning. In the wireless manual encoder according to the present invention, the discrimination between forward rotation and reverse rotation is represented by the duration (pulse width) of a rectangular wave, and the rotation direction of the wireless manual encoder is determined based on the A-phase wave and B-phase wave. When this is determined, a pulse train of different duration is generated in response to each, and a single frequency carrier wave is modulated with this pulse train. Then, by wirelessly receiving and demodulating a carrier wave modulated with a rectangular wave representing the forward/reverse direction, a rectangular wave representing the above-mentioned forward/reverse direction can be obtained.

〔Example〕

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A wireless manual encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1a, there is shown a block diagram illustrating the structure of a wireless manual encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, ■ is the same manual encoder as described in the prior art section;
2 determines whether the rotation direction is positive or negative based on the A-phase wave and B-phase wave output from the manual encoder 1. Based on the determination result, two types of predetermined pulse widths (duration time, e.g. Im
s and 2ms) (a rectangular wave with a pulse width (duration) corresponding to forward rotation and a rectangular wave with a pulse width (duration) corresponding to reverse rotation) waveform that outputs α waves and β waves. 3 is a detection circuit; 3 is a modulation circuit that modulates (AM modulation or FM modulation) the output of the waveform detection circuit 2 with a forward rotation signal wave (α wave) and a reverse rotation signal wave (β wave); 4 is a power amplifier; and 5 is a transmitting antenna.

Note that since the forward rotation signal wave (α wave) and the reverse rotation signal wave (β wave) 11 are not emitted at the same time, the waveform detection circuit 2
A single line is sufficient for connecting the modulation circuit 3 and the modulation circuit 3.

The operation of the manual encoder 1 and the output waveform based thereon have been explained in detail in the prior art section, so they will be briefly described here.

Refer again to FIGS. 3a, 3b, and 3C. By operating the handle 7 attached to the manual encoder 1, the rotary disk 10 is rotated to the right or left.

One light emitting source 12 is provided on one side of the rotating disk 10, and four light receiving elements 13 are provided on the other side. Adjacent two of these four light receiving elements 13
The width of the slit 11 is in contact with the width of the slit 11 provided over the entire circumference of the rotating disk 10.

The four light-receiving elements 13 are arranged in the arrangement shown in FIG. The comparator 20 is manually operated. The output of the first comparator 19 is set to 1 when the output of the light-receiving element A is larger than the output of the light-receiving element A', and conversely, the output of the first comparator 19 is set to 0 (zero) when the output is smaller than the output of the light-receiving element A'. ing. Further, the output of the second comparator 20 is set to 1 when the output of the light receiving element B is larger than the output of the light receiving element B', and conversely, the output of the comparator 20 is set to 0 (zero) when the output is smaller than the output of the light receiving element B'. has been done.

Next, a case where the rotating disk 10 is rotated clockwise will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The diagram shown in FIG. 4b shows the change in the relationship between the position of the slit opening 1 provided on the rotating disk 10 and the two light-receiving elements 13 facing the slit 11 as the rotating disk 10 rotates clockwise. It shows states (1) to (IV) in chronological order. [
In each of 1) to [■], only the two light receiving elements 13 facing the slit 11 receive and output light, and the other light receiving elements 13 do not receive light and output is 0 (zero).

The diagram shown in FIG. 4a shows the output of the first comparator 19 (A phase) and the output of the second comparator 20 (B phase) corresponding to states (1) to (TV) shown in FIG. ). When the rotating disk 10 rotates and moves by four light receiving elements, one rectangular wave is generated in both the A phase and the B phase, as shown in the figure.

As shown in the figure, the A-phase wave lags the B-phase wave by 90°. This phase relationship is defined as a movement command in the negative direction.

Next, a case where the rotary disk 10 is rotated to the left will be described below with reference to the drawings.

5b shows the relative positional relationship between the slit 11 and some of the four light receiving elements 13, and corresponds to the above-mentioned FIG. 4b.

The diagram shown in Figure 5a is the time-series state change (1) shown in Figure 5b above.
This figure shows the output of the l-th comparator 19 (A phase) and the output of the second comparator 20 (B phase) in ~(IV), and corresponds to FIG. 4a above. . Rotating disk 1
When 0 rotates and moves by four light receiving elements, one rectangular wave is generated for both A phase and B phase as shown in the figure. When the rotating disk 10 is rotated to the left, as shown in the figure, A
The phase wave leads the B phase wave by 90°. This phase relationship is defined as a movement command in the positive direction.

Further, scales are displayed on the scale plate 1 so that when one slit 11 moves by four light receiving elements, one scale corresponds to each rotation angle corresponding to the moving distance.

Next, as an example of a waveform modulated by the modulation circuit 3, a waveform in the case of AM modulation will be described with reference to the drawings.

The diagram shown in FIG. 1b is a waveform diagram showing a modulated wave of a normal rotation signal wave (α wave),
As an example, the pulse width (duration time) of a rectangular wave is lms.

The diagram shown in FIG. 1c is a waveform diagram showing the modulation wave of the inverted signal wave (β wave),
As an example, the pulse width (duration time) of the rectangular wave is 2 ms.

The above modulated wave is amplified by the power amplifier 4 and transmitted by the transmitting antenna 5. It goes without saying that the numerical control device is equipped with a means for receiving the transmitted radio waves, demodulating them, and converting them into desired human input signals. explain.

In the diagram shown in FIG. 1d, 14 is a receiving antenna, 15 is a power amplification circuit, and 16 is a demodulation circuit. Demodulation circuit 16
Since it is generally the same as the modulation circuit 3 shown in FIG. 1a, the explanation will be omitted. Reference numeral 17 denotes a positive/reverse signal generating means, which determines whether the rotation direction is positive or negative based on the output waveform of the demodulation circuit 16, and outputs the determination result to the numerical control device l8.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, since the wireless manual encoder according to the present invention is of a wireless type, there is no need for a cable between the manual encoder, which is a command device, and the numerical control device, which is a controlled device. Moreover, since the cable movement work that occurs due to the movement of the dispatcher's position is no longer necessary, work efficiency can be significantly improved. Furthermore, when implementing the wireless system, the modulation circuit and demodulation circuit can be simplified by changing the positive and negative moving direction commands from the conventional parallel signal system of A-phase waves and B-phase waves to a single signal system.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1a is a block diagram showing the configuration of a transmitting side device of a wireless manual encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1b is a waveform diagram of an AM-modulated normal rotation signal wave (α wave) of a wireless manual encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. IC is a waveform diagram of an AM-modulated inverted signal wave (β wave) of a wireless manual encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1d is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of a receiving side device of a wireless manual encoder according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a manual encoder according to the prior art. FIG. 3a is a plan view of a rotating disk of a manual encoder according to the prior art. FIG. 3b is a conceptual cross-sectional view of a manual encoder according to the prior art. FIG. 3c is an arrangement diagram of light receiving elements of a manual encoder according to the prior art. FIG. 4a is a pulse waveform diagram of A-phase waves and B-phase waves that indicate a negative movement direction. FIG. 4b is a diagram showing the relationship between the positions of the slits and the corresponding light receiving elements as the rotating disk rotates clockwise. FIG. 5a is a pulse waveform diagram of A-phase waves and B-phase waves that indicate a positive movement direction. FIG. 5b is a diagram showing the relationship between the positions of the slits and the corresponding light receiving elements as the rotary disk rotates to the left. 1...Manual encoder, 2...Waveform detection circuit, 3...Modulation circuit, ・Power amplification circuit, ・Transmission antenna, ・Scale plate, ・Handle, ・Rotating member, ・Protective outer cylinder, ・Rotation Disc, ・Slit, ・Light emitting source, ・Photodetector, ・Receiving antenna, ・Power amplifier circuit, ・Demodulation circuit, ・Forward/reverse signal generation means, ・Numerical controller, ・First comparator, ・First 2 comparator.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] A manual encoder (1) that generates two independent rectangular alternating voltages, A-phase voltage and B-phase voltage, one of which is phase-advanced in electrical angle by π/2 in accordance with the rotation direction; , determining whether the rotation direction of the manual encoder is forward or reverse by determining which of the A-phase voltage and B-phase voltage is leading;
a waveform detection circuit (2) that generates two independent rectangular waves α and β waves having different durations corresponding to the forward and reverse directions; and the two independent rectangular waves α and β waves. a modulation circuit (3) that modulates a single carrier wave with a
a transmitting means for wirelessly transmitting an output signal modulated with
5), and receiving means (1) for receiving the wirelessly transmitted output signal.
4), a demodulation circuit (16) that demodulates the received output signal, and a rotation direction of the manual encoder is set to normal rotation based on the demodulated two independent rectangular waves α and β waves. A wireless manual encoder characterized in that it has a forward/reverse signal generating means (17) for generating a signal representative of whether the encoder is forward or reverse.