JPH0329518B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vertical automatic arc welding device for welding along a fixed bucking vertical groove.

Generally, when automatically welding a vertical or inclined vertical groove in the base material using the electrogas welding method, one layer is placed on the front and back sides of the groove to prevent the molten metal in the molten pool from flowing down the groove. It is necessary to press the paired dowels against each other and move both dowels upward as welding progresses.

Normally, these bolts are provided on the front running cart that runs on the front side of the base material and on the back running trolley that runs on the back side of the base material so that they come into elastic pressure contact with the front and back sides of the groove. The carts are connected to each other via a connector that passes through the groove, and while both traveling carts are lifted by a lifting mechanism disposed above the base material, the above-mentioned dowels are moved along the groove along with both traveling carts. I am trying to improve my skills.

However, due to space and other constraints depending on the object to be welded, there are cases where it is difficult to run the above-mentioned back side traveling cart behind the base material. A so-called fixed backing method is used in which a backing metal is temporarily attached to close the back side of the groove over its entire length.

However, in this method, there is no back side running cart, so there is a lack of force to press the front side moving cart against the base metal side, making the running of the cart unstable, and the welding wire sent out from the welding torch follows the groove. There is a risk that it will not be possible to supply accurately.

Therefore, when such a fixed backing method is adopted, a rack rail or the like is usually temporarily installed on the surface of the base material along the groove, and the welding cart is hoisted upward while meshing with the rack rail.

Therefore, this type of welding requires the troublesome preparation work of temporarily installing rack rails in advance, and is also susceptible to the accuracy of rail installation, and the base material itself may be bent or warped. If there is a misalignment in the groove, or if there are unevenness on the surface of the base material that creates a step in the groove, the welding truck will not be delivered from the back welding torch even if it is run along the rack rail. In some cases, the welding wire is not accurately fed into the molten pool and comes off the groove.

The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to automatically weld along a fixed bucking type vertical groove, without the need for any temporary means such as rack rails, etc. Vertical automatic arc that can carry out accurate welding along the groove, and in particular allows the welding cart to run in a stable state without being directly affected by irregularities on the surface of the base material or irregular grooves. The purpose is to provide welding equipment.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by being configured as follows.

That is, a plurality of magnets equipped with rotating bodies are independently suspended from a welding cart, a spring member is inserted between each magnet and the welding cart, and the suction force acting on the magnets is transferred to the welding cart via the spring member. The welding cart is pressed against the base metal side by the suction force of the magnet, and the welding cart can be moved up precisely along the groove by the cooperation with the copying roll. Also, especially when there are irregularities on the surface of the base material or irregular grooves,
It is possible to run the welding cart while maintaining a constant posture, and stable welding work can be performed.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

In the figure, 1 is a tower carrying a welding torch 2, wire feeder 3, wire reel 4, and other various equipment necessary for welding, and is driven upward along vertical grooves 7 provided in base materials 5 and 6. It is a welding trolley to be welded, and base materials 5 and 6
It is lifted at a predetermined speed via the chain 8 by a lifting mechanism (not shown) disposed above.

The groove 7 is formed by temporarily attaching a band-shaped backing metal 9 to the base materials 8 and 6, and closing the back side of the groove 7 over its entire length with the backing metal 9.

Further, a pair of upper and lower copying rolls 12, 13 are inserted between the two parallel frames 10, 11 constituting the welding cart 1, and the copying rolls 12, 13 are supported by supports inserted through the frames 10, 11. Axis 14, 15
It is rotatably supported via the shaft.

Note that these copying rolls 12 and 13 fit into the groove 7 and function to guide the welding cart 1 along the groove 7.

Further, a pair of support arms 16 and 17 are integrally fixed to the upper and lower parts of the frames 10 and 11, respectively, and are perpendicular to the frames 10 and 11 via support members 18 and 18.
Universal bearings 21 having spheres 20 rotatably housed within a housing 19 are integrally attached to both ends of the bearings 7.

In addition, a rod 23 with an electromagnet 22 screwed to one end is slidably inserted into the sphere 20 of each of the universal bearings 21, and each electromagnet 22 is attached to the universal bearing 2.
1..., the attraction surface 22a... of the electromagnet 22...
is opposed to the base materials 5 and 6, and is held so as to be freely movable and swingable in the direction of the base materials 5 and 6.

In addition, a pair of spring receivers 24, 25 and a coil spring 2 are provided at the other end of each of the rods 23...
6, one spring receiver 24 is brought into contact with the sphere 20 of the universal bearing 21, and the coil spring 26 is inserted between both spring receivers 24, 25.
The other coil spring receiver 25 is pressed by nuts 27, 27 screwed onto the rod 23.

That is, coil springs 26 are interposed between each electromagnet 22 and the welding cart 1, and the welding cart 1 is moved between the base materials 5 and 1 by the coil springs 26.
An elastic biasing force is applied to the side.

Further, an annular support member 28 is attached to the outer periphery of each electromagnet 22, and three rotary bodies, in this embodiment, flexible wheels 29, are mounted on each support member 28 at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the support member 28. are provided integrally.

The supporting member 28 is a fastening band made of a metal material whose diameter can be reduced by cutting off a ring-shaped part, and the missing ends have threaded parts 28a and 28 facing each other.
By providing a protruding portion a and screwing a bolt 30 between both threaded portions 28a, 28a to reduce the diameter of the annular portion,
It is fastened and fixed to the outer periphery of the electromagnets 22.

Further, the flexible wheels 29 have a bearing portion 34 that integrally incorporates a needle bearing 31 and a pair of thrust bearings 32 and 33 arranged on both sides of the needle bearing 31, and each of the bearings 3 described above.
1, 32, and 33, and a wheel 36 provided at the lower end of the shaft 35. The wheel 36 is connected to a wheel holder 3 integrally provided at the lower end of the shaft 35.
It is rotatably supported via wheels 38 which are pivotally supported by 7 and 37.

On the other hand, in FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 40 denotes a cover metal that is pressed against the front side of the groove 7.

This support metal 40 is connected to a pair of support pipes 42 and 43 arranged parallel to each other at both ends of the support shaft 15.
A connecting rod 45 is rotatably supported between the brackets 44 and 44 fixed on the support pipes 42 and 43.
is mounted on the connecting rod 45 and is swingably attached to the center of the connecting rod 45.

Further, horizontal position adjustment of the pad 40 is performed by rotating a ratchet lever 46 connected to the lower end of the pad 40.

Further, in FIG. 1, reference numeral 47 denotes a coil spring that applies an elastic biasing force to press the pad 40 against the groove 7, and the pressing force of the pad 40 can be adjusted by rotating the adjustment knob 48. It can be adjusted arbitrarily.

Further, reference numerals 50 and 51 in the figure are adjustment knobs for controlling the posture of the welding torch 2, respectively.The adjustment knob 50 adjusts the inclination angle of the welding torch 2, and the adjustment knob 51 adjusts the position of the welding torch 2 in the front and back direction. It is for adjustment.

In the figure, 52 is an operation box, 53 is a flow meter for shielding gas, and 54 is a welding current detection box, each of which is disposed at an appropriate position on the welding cart 1.

According to such a configuration, the copying rolls 12,1
When 3 is inserted into the groove 7 and the electromagnets 22... are excited all at once, each electromagnet 22... is attracted to the base materials 5 and 6, and each of the flexible wheels 29... attached to the outer periphery of each electromagnet 22... The electromagnets 22 are in pressure contact with the base materials 5 and 6, and the adsorption surfaces 22a of the electromagnets 22 face the base materials 5 and 6, so that a predetermined gap g is formed between the base materials 5 and 6.

By the way, the attractive force acting on each of these electromagnets 22 acts on the welding cart 1 via the coil springs 26 interposed between the electromagnets 22 and the welding cart 1, so that the welding cart 1 is attached to the base metals 5 and 6 side. The copying rolls 12 and 13 are pressed against the inclined surfaces 7a and 7b of the groove 7.

When the welding cart 1 is lifted up at a predetermined speed by the lifting mechanism disposed above the base materials 5 and 6 in this state, the copying rolls 12 and 13 do not come off the groove 7 and the welding cart 1 is lifted up. 1 moves upward while being accurately guided along the groove 7, and the welding wire W sent out from the welding torch 2 is accurately supplied to a predetermined position within the groove 7, making it possible to perform stable welding. can.

The above description is based on the case where the welding cart 1 is run along an ideal groove 7 in which the base materials 5 and 6 are flush with each other. There may be a step in the groove due to a difference in thickness, a misalignment in the groove due to warpage or flexure of the base material, or the base materials forming the groove may be tilted to each other. There are many cases in which irregular grooves are formed, such as when the welding cart 1 is moved along such an irregular groove.

Figures 5a and 5b show the running state of the welding cart when there is a step in the groove 7' due to the difference in the plate thickness of the base metals 5' and 6', and the situation in which the base metals 5' and 6' are imitated, respectively. The relationship with the roll 13 is shown. In addition, the base material 5',
A similar effect occurs when there are irregularities on the surface of 6'.

Even if such a step exists, each electromagnet 22...
are independently suspended from the welding cart 1 by the swivel bearings 21 and the coil springs 26, so that the electromagnets 22, 22 disposed on the left and right sides of the welding cart 1 are attached to the respective base materials. The support arm 17 travels while maintaining a constant minute gap with the base materials 5' and 6', and receives a force corresponding to the height difference between the base materials 5' and 6' via coil springs 26 at both ends of the support arm 17. , the welding cart 1 is tilted according to the degree of the step, and the axis l of the copying roll 13 is tilted as shown in FIG. 5b.
is approximately parallel to the line segment m connecting the upper end portions A and A' of the respective base materials 5' and 6' forming the groove 7'.

This is extremely important because the welding torch 2 is attached parallel to the copying roll 13, that is, along the direction perpendicular to the axis l of the copying roll 13, and the inclination angle of the copying roll 13 is Since the relationship is the same as the inclination angle of the welding torch 2,
The welding wire W sent out from the welding torch 2 is supplied to the appropriate position of the molten pool, and stable welding can be performed.

Furthermore, FIGS. 6a and 6b show the running state of the welding cart when one base material 5" forming the groove 7" is inclined with respect to the other base material 6", and the base material 5",
6'' and the copying roll 13.

Also in this case, each electromagnet 22... is independently suspended from the welding cart 1 by the swivel bearing 21... and the coil spring 26..., and each electromagnet 22... is suspended by the swivel bearing 21... Since the electromagnets 22 and 22 disposed on the left and right sides of the welding cart 1 are held so as to be able to swing freely, they maintain a constant gap from each of the base materials 5'' and 6'' despite the inclination of the base metals. In addition, since the support arm 17 receives a force corresponding to the inclination of the base materials 5'', 6'' via the coil springs 26 at both ends of the support arm 17, the welding cart 1 receives a force corresponding to the inclination of the base materials 5'', 6''. The upper end A of each base material 5'', 6'' is inclined according to the degree of inclination, and the axis l of the copying roll 13 forms a groove 7'' as shown in FIG. 6b.
It becomes approximately parallel to the line segment n connecting A'.

Therefore, in this case as well, the welding wire W sent out from the welding torch 2 is supplied to an appropriate position in the molten pool, and stable welding can be performed.

Therefore, according to the present invention, when automatically welding along a fixed bucking type vertical groove, for example, the welding cart can be moved to accurately follow the groove, and stable automatic welding can be performed. can do.

Furthermore, there is no need to temporarily install a rack rail or the like on the base material unlike in conventional welding methods of this type, simplifying the preparation work and reducing the work cost.

In addition, each electromagnet is equipped with a wheel, and each electromagnet is suspended independently from the welding trolley, so it can be used even when there are irregularities on the surface of the base material or differences in the thickness of the base material. Therefore, even if there is a step in the groove, or if there is an inclination between the base metals, the welding cart will maintain an appropriate posture and travel on the base metal according to the groove situation. ,
Stable welding can be performed without being directly affected by such changes on the base metal surface or irregular grooves.

It should be noted that the present invention can be modified in various ways without departing from the gist of the invention. Although a swivel bearing 21 is provided in the section to hold it,
Frame 10, 11 or Frame 10, 11
A rotating arm is rotatably attached to a support member 18 fixed to the support member 18, and an electromagnet 22 is attached to each tip of the rotating arm.
... may be directly attached. In this way, the swivel bearings 21, etc. are not required, and the configuration is simplified.

Furthermore, the wheels attached to the electromagnets 22 do not necessarily have to be made of swivel wheels 29 as in this embodiment.
It may be a simple device such as a so-called ball wheel, which holds the steel balls in a holder so as to be rotatable without falling out. Further, the number of free wheels 29 attached to each electromagnet 22 may be three or more.

Furthermore, the rods 23 attached to the electromagnets 22 do not necessarily have to be held by the swivel bearings 21, but a simple method such as a guide sleeve can be used to simply hold the electromagnets 22 in the direction of the base materials 5 and 6 so that they can move forward and backward. You may use something. In this way, it is sufficient to provide only one pair of wheels on each electromagnet 22 on both sides of the electromagnet 22.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 to 6 show one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a side view, FIG. 2 is a front view, FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the main part, and FIG. 4 is a front view of the main part. Fig. 5a, b
6A and 6B are explanatory views of the effect when there is a thickness difference in the base materials, respectively, and FIGS. 6A and 6B are explanatory views of the effect when the base materials are mutually inclined. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Welding trolley, 2... Welding torch, 3... Wire feeder, 5, 6... Base metal, 7... Groove, 8... Chain,
9...Backing metal, 12, 13...Copying roll, 22...Magnet (electromagnet), 22a...Adsorption surface, 26...Spring member (coil spring), 29...Rotating body (swivel wheel), 40...Front metal, g …gap.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Welding is carried out along a fixed backing type vertical groove with a backing metal attached to the back side of the groove, and a welding cart that carries a welding torch and other necessary equipment is lifted along the groove. a copying roll that is pivotally supported by the welding cart and fits into the groove to guide the welding cart along the groove; a spring member disposed to move forward and backward toward the welding carriage, a spring member interposed between the magnet and the welding carriage to apply a biasing force to press the welding carriage toward the base metal, and a spring member attached to each of the above magnets to attract the magnet. It is equipped with a rotating body that rolls on the base material to maintain a constant gap between the surface and the base metal, and a support metal that is installed on the welding cart and presses against the front side of the groove and moves together with the welding cart. A vertical automatic arc welding device characterized by: