JPH03288903A - Automatic operating method for plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the automatic operating method of a plant so that it can be applied to the automatic operations of various plants as it is by transforming a description for the specification of operational procedures to a processable form automatically by a computer as it is and executing the transformed description. CONSTITUTION:Equipments 300-304 on a working site 30, namely, actuators and sensors installed at the respective spots of the plant are connected through an interface 22 to a DCS (digital computer for measurement control) 20 and the respective spots of the plant are controlled and monitored. Further, a host computer 10 is connected to the DCS 20 and an automatic operation system is executed by these computers. In such a case, the description for the specifica tion of the operational procedures prepared on an operational side is automati cally transformed to the processable form by the computer and executed. Thus, the automatic operating method to be applied to the automatic operations of various plants as it is can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an automatic operation method for a plant, and particularly to an automatic operation method suitable for automatic operation of a relatively small-scale chemical plant.

Chemical factories generally consist of many small-scale plants, and in that case, the key point is how to stably operate each plant with a small number of people. In addition, the operator's work mainly involves non-routine work such as running batch processes, starting up continuous processes, and changing conditions.

The ability required of an operator is to make appropriate decisions in monitoring and controlling multiple processes at the same time.

Therefore, in order to realize automatic plant operation, the key is how to quantify the know-how of skilled operators and express it as a sequence.

[Conventional technology]

In plant operation, various factors are involved in determining the situation and responding to the conditions, and these factors are dynamically structured. Furthermore, responses to abnormal situations vary depending on the situation, making it difficult to create a pattern, and panel personnel must concentrate on many things at the same time. It is difficult to strictly describe such operating procedures in a flowchart or the like, and the expression becomes ambiguous.

When realizing such automatic driving using a computer, the program writing becomes extremely complicated, so the developer needs to have sufficient knowledge of computers.

Conventionally, when developing an automated driving system, the driver side first compiled the specifications and flowcharts for driving procedures, and then the computer side did the programming. However, when the content of driving becomes complex, incomplete descriptions of driving procedure specifications will be reflected in the program under such a division system, making it impossible to realize the desired automated driving system. In order to develop an automated driving system, a person with sufficient knowledge of plant operation and computer knowledge is required, but this is not realistically possible.

Therefore, if we develop a system that automatically converts the description of driving procedure specifications into a format that can be processed by a computer, it will be possible for the driver alone to develop the desired automated driving system.

In Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-3561, operating procedures are described in multiple tables that are related to each other in a starting/unactivated relationship, and these are converted into codes for the arithmetic and control unit of a computer on a conversion device. However, it describes a method for realizing automatic plant operation by executing it on a computer.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, this method lacks flexibility in that the operating conditions are entered in a table in a predetermined format, and is used in large-scale plants such as thermal power plants where there are few changes in the basic structure of operating procedures. In order to apply this method to a wide variety of chemical plants, it is considered that the structure of each table and the mutual relationship must be considered for each plant.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method in which a specification description of an operating procedure created on the operation side can be automatically converted into a form that can be processed by a computer and executed, and which is suitable for automatic operation of a wide variety of plants. The objective is to provide an automatic driving method that can be directly applied to

[Means to solve the problem]

The automatic plant operation method of the present invention divides a plant operation procedure into a plurality of unit operations, and each unit operation is written in a high-level programming language that includes instructions for starting or stopping other unit operations as necessary. , converting each unit work written in the high-level programming language into a code that can be processed by the arithmetic and control unit of the computer, and storing the converted code in the storage device of the computer connected online to the control means for controlling the plant. A plant characterized by comprising steps of dynamically executing each unit work in parallel according to the state of the plant by storing a code and executing at least one of the unit works on the computer. It is.

[For production]

Since each divided work unit is described in a high-level programming language, the description is flexible and concise, and it is possible to describe the operating procedure in its original form.

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a system to which the present invention is applied.

Devices 300 to 304 on the field side 30, that is, actuators such as pumps and valves installed in various parts of the plant, and sensors such as pressure gauges are connected to D via an interface 22.
It is connected to C3 (digital measurement control computer) 20 to control and monitor various parts of the plant. D
A host computer (personal computer, minicomputer, etc.) 10 is further connected to the C320, and the automatic driving system of the present invention is realized by these.

On the panel side 40, as a man-machine interface,
A voice synthesizer 124 for outputting messages from the host computer 10 in synthesized speech, a host CRT 126 for displaying driving status on screen, etc., and an operator 220
A touch panel 28 for directly inputting data and a host keyboard 130 for inputting an operating program are connected to the host computer 10.
Furthermore, a DC3 CRT 210 and a DCS keyboard 212 connected to the DC 320 are provided.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the outline of the procedure for automatic operation in the system of FIG. 1.

First, the operating procedures of the plant are analyzed and divided into a plurality of structural units (a). Next, each constituent unit is programmed using a high-level programming language (an example of the grammar will be described in detail later) (b). This program includes instructions for starting and stopping operations of other structural units as necessary. After programming is completed or in parallel with programming, the source program is input manually from the upper keyboard 130 C) and the input source program is stored in the file 106 . When the host computer 10 is instructed to start translation via the touch panel 128 or the host keyboard 130, the translator 102
sequentially reads the source program stored in the file 106, converts it into an executable format, and repeats steps 1 to 106.
5... Close and store in file 106 (d). Here, each step corresponds to a constituent unit of the operating procedure. Further, at this time, the translator 102
4. Referring to the database 104 in which the correspondence between common names and actual input/output port numbers is stored, the common names are replaced with actual input/output port numbers. When an instruction to start operation is input from the touch panel 128 or the upper keyboard 130, the execution management program 100 executes the steps to be executed among steps 1 to 5 at a predetermined cycle (e).

Next, description rules for an example of a programming language for describing the processing procedure in each step will be explained.

■ Basic structure of steps The basic structure of the steps is as follows.

[Step name]

Statement nd For the step, always define the step name and put [step name] on the first line and end on the last line. Steps have start and stop states, and when started, they are repeatedly executed at a specified execution cycle.

The sentences on the line between [step name] and end will be explained after ■.

■ Starting/stopping steps Steps can be started and stopped using the following statements.

run [Step name] Kill to start the specified step [Step name] Exit to stop the specified step Stop your own step ■ Expression of state quantities of a plant The state quantities of a plant are those of its equipment, measuring instruments, and control devices. Express using a common name.

・Indication value of indicator and controller (PV)...PV (tag salt) ・Setting value of controller (SV)...SV (tag salt) ・M degree of controller control valve (MV)・・・MV (
Tag salt) ・Pump...Use the machine number core of the pump.

・Valve: Use the machine number core of the valve.

・The values of PV, SV, and MV of indicators and controllers can be called tag data and can be processed by calculation. Pumps and valves use this expression to determine whether they are on or off.

■ Arithmetic formula The programming language according to the present invention is FORTRAN or B.
Variables similar to languages such as ASIC can be used, and these operations can also be described. It is also possible to perform calculations using tag data (PV values, SV values, and MV values of indicators and controllers) and to substitute variables.

Furthermore, the time elapsed since the step was started is “ti”.
mer”, which can also be calculated and assigned to variables.

A mathematical expression that includes tag data, timer, variables, and constants is called an arithmetic expression. An example of a substitute sentence using an arithmetic expression is shown below.

X = PV (TCOOI) +10 Y = X *MV (TCOOI) + 0.1 *5
V(PCOOI)TCOOl, FCOOI is the controller's tag salt ■ Determination of plant status (conditional statement) Determination of plant status is performed in the 1f-then~ format.

The format is as follows.

1f Conditional expression then statement ndif Conditional statements include the following examples if PV (LlooI) >30 thenif P
-001=open then if V-QQl=open then if time
r>IQ minute then L100I is the tag salt of the liquid level indicator, P-001 is the pump name, V-001 is the valve salt ■ Output to the plant/Output to the DC3 controller Set loop status set TCOOI AUT
SV (D setting set FCOOI SV = PV
(FCOOI) MV setting Set PC001MV=OT TCOOI, FCOOI, PCOOI is the controller tag/valve opening/closing set V-0015hut V-001 is the valve model name/pump start/stop call F-001 start P- 001 is the pump model name ■ Message output/Display on CRT screen msg (Please start P-001) - Voice output voice (registration number) (Record the voice corresponding to the registration number in the voice synthesizer in advance) ■ Utility A utility is a package of a series of fixed operating procedures, and is used in the following format.

Setting parameters call utility name Utilities include:

・Ramping control...A parameter that gradually changes the controller's instruction to the target value TAG:, JI meter tag salt Sv: Change value △SV: Change width in one cycle Utility name RAMP ・PID control... If you want to perform PID control for automatic driving, specify the human output instrument and use this utility.

Parameter PVTAG: Input instrument tag salt PVT
AG: Output instrument tag △T: Control period P: P control parameter I: ■Control parameter D: D control parameter Sv: Set value utility name PID An example of programming according to the description rules explained above is shown in Figure 3. This will be explained using an example of automated operation of a process.

In the process of FIG. 3, operations are performed in the following order.

a Open valve V-001 and charge the liquid into tank A.

b. Close the valve when the liquid level in tank A reaches 50%.

2. Steam to C heater. Gradually flow to Oton/H.

d When the temperature of the liquid in tank A reaches 80℃, stop the steam.

e Start the pump and transfer the liquid from the tank to tank B.

f When the liquid in tank A is empty, stop the pump and issue a message.

g. The temperature of the liquid in the tank may not rise easily due to steam leaks, so monitor this with a timer.

These operating procedures will be described according to the description rules described above. The steps are divided into four, and a to b are assigned to the preparation step, c to d to the heating step, e to f to the canning step, and g to the heating monitoring step.

Table 1 shows an example of the description.

Table 1 [Preparation] set V-QQI open if PV (LlooI) >30 thenset
V-0015hut run [Heating] run [Heating monitoring] xlt ndif nd [Heating] TAG=FCOO1 Δ5V=0.1 SV=2.0 call RAMP if PV (T100I) >80 thenFCOO
I MAN FCOOI MV=O run (Can opener) kill C heating monitoring] xit end if nd [Heating monitoring] if timer>10 minutes then msg (Temperature of tank A does not rise) Xit ndif nd [Can opener] call P-001 startup if PV (LlooI) = Othencall
P-001 Stop msg (Sequence has ended) xlt ndif nd
-001", "L100I", etc., the actual input/output port numbers are stored, and the translator 1
02 is "V-00" in Table 1 by referring to this.
1", "11001", etc. are replaced with the actual input/output capo numbers. Each step is replaced in the form of a subroutine written in the BASIC language. Run for starting and stopping other steps [:...] and kNIC...] statements are replaced with instructions that set and reset flags representing the execution status of each step.The translated result by the translator 102 is a source list in BASIC language. The format is , and it can be executed with a normal BASIC interpreter.

The execution management program 100 in FIG.
Each step is executed by calling a step in which a flag indicating the execution state described above is set, at a period determined by executing each step or at a predetermined period.

In the above example, a method using BASIC language as an example of an intermediate language has been described, but it is of course also possible to directly convert it into machine language and execute it.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, automatic plant operation can be realized by automatically converting the specification description of operating procedures into a form that can be processed by a computer and executing it. A plant automatic operation method that can be directly applied to automatic plant operation is provided.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a system to which the present invention is applied, FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure in an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an example of a description of a processing procedure according to the present invention. A diagram showing an example of a plant for. In the figure, 10... Upper computer, 20... DC5 (digital measurement control computer), 124... Speech synthesis device, 126... Upper C
RT, 128...touch panel, 130...upper keyboard, 210...CRT for DC3. 212...DCS keyboard.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plant operation procedure is divided into a plurality of unit operations, and each unit operation is written in a high-level programming language that includes instructions for starting and stopping other unit operations as necessary; Each unit work described in a high-level programming language is converted into a code that can be processed by the arithmetic control unit of the computer, and the converted code is stored in the storage device of the computer that is connected online to the control means for controlling the plant. Plant automation characterized by comprising steps of dynamically executing each unit work in parallel according to the state of the plant by storing and executing at least one of the unit works on the computer. how to drive.