JPH03288364A - Information recording and reproducing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve efficiency for utilizing a recording medium by separately providing a unit to record arrangement information on the recording medium of each unit and sector number information per block of each unit, and a unit to record file control information. CONSTITUTION:As the set of blocks, plural units T1 - T3 are arranged and the arrangement information on the recording medium of each unit and the sector number information per block of each unit is recorded to a prescribed unit information recording area 1a on the recording medium. The unit to record the file control information is provided separately from the unit to record a file, and file control is executed by a controller 13. Thus, the blocks with the various numbers of sectors can be arranged on the recording medium. Therefore, the block composed of the optimum number of sectors can be allocated corresponding to the respective data lengths of various information, and the recording area of the recording medium can be efficiently utilized.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an information recording and reproducing apparatus that records and reproduces information using a rewritable recording medium.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, so-called compact discs (hereinafter referred to as CDs) on which continuous information such as music information is recorded as digital signals using optically detectable minute pits have been widely used. This CD is played back by a playback-only optical disc playback device.

FIGS. 7 and 8 are schematic diagrams for explaining the signal format used in CDs. As shown in FIG. 7, one frame 8a of the recording signal includes a frame synchronization signal 8b indicating the beginning of the frame, a subcode 8c indicating additional information of the data (details will be described later), and an error in the 24-byte data that is the main information. It is composed of a data field 8d to which a parity code for detection and correction is added. In addition, data field 8
d is C I RC (Cross Interl), which will be described later.
The error detection and correction method combined with non-complete interleaving called the eaved ReedSolomon code is used for error detection and correction.

Furthermore, one sub-coding frame 9a (hereinafter referred to as a sector) is composed of 98 frames 8a, and a sub-coding block 9c consisting of 98 sub-codes 8c, as shown in FIG. , track number (called a song number when the main information is music information), absolute address information on the disc, etc. are shown. Also,
゛Frame synchronization signal 9b is composed of 98 frame synchronization signals 8
b, and the data field 9d is 9
This block consists of eight data fields 8d.

The above sector length is 13.3ms, so 75 sectors equals 1 second, and the sector number is minutes and 2 seconds: Frame information (
A frame is (75 base) and constitutes continuous time information that increases sequentially from the innermost circumference of the disc.

FIG. 6 shows the arrangement of areas on a CD disc. The disc 7a has a main information recording area 7C that includes main information such as music information and a sector number according to the subcode 8C, and additional information regarding each piece of main information recorded in the main information recording area 7C, such as track numbers and The recording start sector number of the above track is indicated by subcode 8c.
OC (Table of Contents) 95 area 7
The bottom of the tank is formed from b.

With the above format, the CD player reads out the subcode information in the TOCSKI area 7b when loading the disc 7a, thereby determining the number of each piece of main information (equivalent to the number of songs in the case of music information) and the recording start position. The sector number is recognized and the desired track is played back in response to subsequent playback instructions.

By comparing the sector number with the information in the C area 7b and the subcode 8c (FIG. 7) in the main information recording area 7c, the access operation is quickly executed.

This CD has a constant linear velocity during recording, so-called CLV (C
Since the disc is recorded using the instant linear velocity (instant linear velocity) method, the recording density is constant at any position on the disc, which is a distant relative of the improvement in recording capacity.

In an actual CD player, the above signal former 7
The disc 7a is set so that the interval between the playback signals of the CD recorded with CLV on the disc 7a, for example, the frame synchronization signal 8b, becomes the standard length.
CLV control is executed by controlling the rotation of.

On the other hand, when recording and using various types of information such as music information and computer information on rewritable disks such as magneto-optical disks, which have been developed in recent years, conventional CDs and C
It is desirable to use a common reproduction method with the D-ROM to create a compatible rewritable recording medium.

In this case, for initial discs on which no particular information has been recorded, absolute address information and CL using subcode 8c (Fig. 7) according to the CD signal format described above.
Since the frame synchronization signal 8b used for V control does not exist at all, access operations to arbitrary sector positions prior to recording and necessary CLV control cannot be performed even during recording.

Therefore, as an absolute address recording method equivalent to the absolute address information using the subcode 8C, JP-A-1-39
As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 632, after high-phase mark modulation of the absolute address, each bit is set to "l" or "0".
Accordingly, it has been proposed that the guide groove of the optical disk is biased inward or outward in the radial direction of the disk, or that the width of the guide groove is changed.

In that case, the absolute address frequency band by high phase mark modulation and E F M (Eight to F
If the frequency bands of the recorded information are different from each other, it is possible to reproduce the two separately from each other, and even for areas where there is no recorded information, the absolute address using the guide groove can be used. access operation is possible. Further, regarding CLV control, accurate CLV control is possible by using the reproduction carrier component of the above-mentioned absolute address, and can be similarly performed during recording.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in the conventional configuration described above, when attempting to rewrite information, the information on the target physical sector position is dispersed to the previous and succeeding sectors on the actual disk due to non-complete interleaving by the CIRC. (Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-5578
(Refer to Publication No. 7) Furthermore, according to the CD format, all recorded information is continuous, but if rewriting is performed, many data errors will occur at the start and end points of recording. This is because the minimum access unit of an information recording location is a sector, so there are sectors that cannot be used by the user before and after the sector where information has been rewritten.
Decrease disk utilization. For example, in the case of CD format, if we try to realize the original correction ability of CIRC, the code propagation length due to non-contained interleaving is 10
Since five frames are required, it is desirable to provide two additional sectors before and after a sector consisting of 98 frames. Additionally, the front additional sector is a PLL (Phase Locked Loo) from the re-recording start point.
p) It is also necessary as a pull-in area.

Therefore, in order to improve the disk utilization rate, the minimum information rewriting size per time (hereinafter referred to as block) is
In other words, it is conceivable to increase the number of sectors per block. By doing so, the usage rate will improve and approach the original usage rate of CDs. However, unnecessarily large blocks are unsuitable for information purposes with a small amount of data, and require unnecessary recording time.

As a countermeasure for this, multiple units as a collection of the above blocks are arranged, each unit's block size (number of sectors per block) is different, and blocks of a given unit are selected according to the amount of data. It is possible to record it.

However, in this case as well, if you try to manage files within a unit on a unit-by-unit basis, for example, in order to record small-capacity file management information such as directories, at least one block is required for each unit regardless of the block size. This causes problems in terms of disk usage rate and processing speed for recording and reproduction.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to solve the above problems, the information recording/reproducing device according to the present invention is provided with a physical sector number for identifying each sector as a recording area based on absolute address information recorded in advance, and a predetermined number of sectors. An information recording and reproducing apparatus that records and reproduces information using a rewritable recording medium in which information is recorded and reproduced using a block as a minimum unit, the information recording and reproducing apparatus having a plurality of units that are a set of the blocks, The arrangement information of each unit on the recording medium and the number of sectors per block information of each unit are recorded in a predetermined unit information recording area on the recording medium, and file management information is recorded separately from the unit in which the file is recorded. It is characterized by being equipped with a processing section that performs file management by providing units.

[For production]

According to the above configuration, a plurality of units that are a collection of blocks are arranged, and the arrangement information of each unit on the recording medium and the information of the number of sectors per block of each unit are stored in a predetermined unit information recording area on the recording medium. In addition to recording the
Since a unit for recording file management information is provided separately from a unit for recording files, and a processing section for managing files is provided, it is possible to arrange blocks with different numbers of sectors on one recording medium. This makes it possible to allocate blocks with the optimal number of sectors according to the data length of each of a wide variety of information, making it possible to efficiently use the recording area of the recording medium without wasting much. Become. Moreover, since we have provided a unit to record file management information for all units, it is possible to allocate blocks with the optimal number of sectors to record file management information, which not only improves the utilization rate of the recording medium. The average data recording and reproducing speed can be improved.

[Example] An example of the present invention will be described below based on FIGS. 1 to 5.

As shown in FIG. 3, a magneto-optical disk 1 as a rewritable recording medium has a TOC (
A Table of Contents) area 1a is provided, and most of the area outside the TOC area 1a is an information recording area 1b. In addition to music information, various information such as characters, images, and code data are recorded in the information recording area 1b, while in the TOC area 1a, additional information regarding each piece of information recorded in the information recording area 1b, for example,
The start position and end position of each information area are recorded.

TOCN area 1a and information recording area 1 of magneto-optical disk 1
As shown in FIG. 4, which is a partially enlarged view of FIG. It is formed by Then, the guide groove 2 corresponds to whether the absolute address on the magneto-optical disk 1 is "1" or "0" after biphase mark modulation.
2... are biased toward the inside or outside of the magneto-optical disk 1 in the radial direction. Note that the above absolute address represents the position on the magneto-optical disk 1 and serves as pre-recorded information as rotation control information. Furthermore, since the absolute address here corresponds to one sector in the CD (compact disc) format, it will also be referred to as a physical sector number hereinafter.

As shown in FIG. 1, the magneto-optical disk l according to this embodiment
is divided into three ring-shaped areas T1 to T3 (units) on the disk form of FIGS. 3 and 4.

In this embodiment, area T1 corresponds to track number 1 in the CD format, area T2 corresponds to track number 2 in the CD format, area T3 corresponds to track number 3 in the CD format, and each area corresponds to track number 1 in the CD format. As shown in Table 1, track number 1 is from physical sector number (01:23:00) to (09:22 near 4).
), and track number 2 is the physical sector number (
09:24:00) to (29:23:7
4), and track number 3 is (57:24 near 4) from physical sector number (29:25:00).
is occupied. Here, the physical sector number is continuous time information that increases sequentially from the innermost circumference of the magneto-optical disk 1.
That is, it is indicated as (minutes: seconds: frame information). Note that since the sector length is 13°3 ms, 75 sectors equals 1 second, so the frame is expressed in base 75.

Table 1 Also, the block size for each track is 8 sectors for track number 1, 12 sectors for track number 2, 16 sectors for track number 3, and the contents of Table 1 above. is recorded in the TOC area 1a (unit information recording area) in FIG. 1 as management/format information for each area, and this TOCiI area 1
The contents of a enable the arrangement of information areas on the disk and the block size of each area to be determined.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between physical sector numbers, block numbers, and track numbers in this embodiment. Track number 1 is the physical sector number (01:
23:00) corresponds to (09:22=74).

In area T1 of track number 1, the number of sectors per bronch is 8, so block number 0 is from (01:23:00) to (01:23:07).
), block number 1 is from (01:23:08) (
01:23:15). Also, the area T1 of track number 1 is from (01:23:00) to (09:
22:74) to (08:00:00), the number of sectors in this trunk is 8x60x75=36000 sectors, and the number of blocks is 36000/8=4500 blocks. Therefore, block numbers 0 to 4499 are assigned to this track.

Similarly, track number 2 is from (09:24:00) to (29:23 near 4) of the physical sector on the disk.
It shows that it is compatible with. In area T2 of track number 2, the number of sectors per block is 12, so block number 0 is (09
:24:00) to (09:24:11). Further, the number of sectors in area T2 of track number 2 is 20x60x75=90000 sectors, and the number of blocks is 90000/12=7500 blocks. Therefore, block numbers 0 to 7499 are assigned to this track.

Furthermore, track number 3 corresponds to physical sectors (57:24=74) from (29:25:00) on the disk. And track number 3
Since the number of sectors per block in area T is 16, the block number 0 is (29: 25
: 00) to (29:25:15). Further, the number of sectors in the area T3 of track number 3 is 28x60x75=126000 sectors, and the number of blocks is 126000/16=7875 blocks. Therefore, the block numbers in this track are from 0 to 78.
Number 74 has been assigned. Note that in the figure, XX is a boundary area of track numbers, and blocks corresponding to these are not given block numbers.

Due to these information area arrangements, track number 1 has a block with a capacity of 8 sectors, track number 2 has a block with a capacity of 12 sectors, and track number 3 has a block with a capacity of 16 sectors. By specifying each block number, it is possible to record and play back the corresponding data capacity unit, and it is possible to save in a block size suitable for various information including file management information.
This is possible on one disc.

For example, since text information is code data, the amount of information is relatively small, so in the example of the track number 2
It is more efficient to record and reproduce information using the area T2 corresponding to the number. Further, since the amount of information such as image information is enormous, in the above arrangement example, it is more efficient to record and reproduce information using the area T corresponding to track number 3. Since the file management information such as directories of various files in track numbers 2 and 3 is usually small-capacity information, in the above arrangement example, track number 1
It is more efficient to record and reproduce file management information using the area T corresponding to the number. And the track number is 2
Every time a new file is created, data is added, updated, deleted, read, etc. in the area TtT3 with the track number 1, the file management information of the area T1 with the track number 1 is updated. Of course, the above example block size is a numerical value used for convenience of explanation, and various suitable sizes may be used.

Specific file management information includes directories and F
AT (File A11location Table
e) etc. For example, in MS-DO3 (Microsoft's disk operating system),
As described in the book "Applied MS-DO3" published by ASCII on July 31, 1986, page 35, directories include file names, file types (commands, data, etc.), file attributes, and file updates. date and time,
The file size, the first cluster number of the file, etc. are recorded for each file, and the cluster numbers used in each file are sequentially recorded in the FAT.

In the directory of this embodiment, for example, MS-D.

Track numbers and block numbers may be recorded in place of the first cluster number of the file in S, and in FAT, for example, block numbers may be recorded in order instead of the cluster number.

In the above embodiment, the position information and block size information of each information area are arranged in the TOC area 1a (Fig. 1), but the present invention is not limited to this, and any predetermined area can be used. There are no particular restrictions.

Furthermore, the format of the absolute address does not matter as long as it is pre-recorded and recognizable information.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a magneto-optical disk device as a recording/reproducing device according to the present invention.

The magneto-optical disk device of this embodiment includes a spindle motor 3 that supports and rotates the magneto-optical disk l, an optical head 4 that irradiates a laser beam onto the magneto-optical disk 1 during recording and reproduction, and a magneto-optical disk during recording. It is equipped with a coil 5 that applies a magnetic field to l.

This magneto-optical disk device is configured to perform recording using a so-called magnetic field modulation recording method, which is a recording method that applies a magnetic field that reverses depending on the information, and also records new information on top of already recorded information. It is possible to override. The above-mentioned magneto-optical disk device is a host device (Ho
The recording information inputted from the terminal 6 is sent to the recording signal processing circuit 7 via the interface 18 for error detection and correction. Parity generation and addition and subcode information from the subcode generation circuit 17 are added, and E F M (Eight to Fourteen
Modulation) After modulation, a frame synchronization signal is added and supplied to the coil driver 8. The coil driver 8 drives the coil 5 based on the supplied signal, and at the same time, the optical head 4 irradiates the magneto-optical disk 1 with laser light, thereby recording the signal.

The signal format here is the same as the CD signal format shown in the conventional example (FIGS. 7 and 8), and its explanation will be omitted.

The reproduction system will be described below.

In FIG. 5, a signal reproduced by the optical head 4 is amplified by a reproduction amplifier 10 and sent to a prerecorded information detection circuit 11 and a reproduction signal processing circuit 15.

The pre-recorded information detection circuit 11 is composed of, for example, a band-pass filter and a phase-locked loop, and the phase-locked loop generates a synchronized clock with respect to the pre-recorded information in the reproduced signal extracted by the band-pass filter. ing. Then, a clock synchronized with the pre-recorded information consisting of bi-phase mark modulation of absolute addresses is supplied to the CLV control circuit 9.

On the other hand, the pre-recorded information in the reproduced signal extracted by the pre-recorded information detection circuit 11 is supplied to the address detection circuit 12.

The address detection circuit 12 consists of a bi-phase mark demodulator and an address decoder, and after performing bi-phase mark demodulation of the pre-recorded information extracted by the pre-recorded information detection circuit 11, the address decoder is used to generate position information on the disk, that is, a sector. It is decoded into a certain absolute address value and supplied to the controller 13.

The reproduction signal processing circuit 15 performs EFM demodulation from the magneto-optical signal component in the reproduction signal supplied from the reproduction amplifier 10.
Error detection and correction processing is performed using parity for error detection and correction, and the reproduced signal data is output to the host device via the interface 18.

Furthermore, the EFM demodulated subcode information is supplied to the subcode detection circuit 16, and the subcode information recognized by the subcode detection circuit 16 is supplied to the controller 13. The controller 13 receives recording/reproduction instructions from a host device via a terminal 6 and an interface 18. Also, access is provided in which the position of the optical head 4 on the disk is recognized by receiving absolute address information from the address detection circuit 12, and the optical head and coil are moved to a desired position using an optical head and coil moving mechanism (not shown). Has a function. Furthermore, the controller 13 selects and stores/reads subcode information supplied from the subcode detection circuit 16 to the TOC memory 14, and information related to TOC contents provided from the host device via the interface 18. It is possible to store/read data such as

Further, the contents of the TOC memory 14 are supplied to the subcode generation circuit 17, and the contents of the TOC memory 14 are sent to the recording signal processing circuit 7 as needed.
The signal is FM modulated and supplied to the coil driver 8.

In the magneto-optical disk device of the present invention, the controller 13 as a processing section performs the following operations in response to instructions from a host device.

That is, in the initial state (unrecorded state) of the disk, each unit is identified by location information on the recording medium of the unit, which is a set of blocks given from the host device via the interface 18, and information about the number of sectors per block. In this embodiment, unit number information is unit number information.
It is transferred to the TOC memory 14 as a track. This corresponds to, for example, the contents of Table 1 above. TOC memory 14
The contents of are immediately predetermined by the subcode generation circuit 17 and the recording signal processing circuit 7 after an access operation is performed by controlling the optical head and coil moving mechanism (not shown) to the disk position corresponding to the TOC area 1a of the disk 1. After the above processing is performed, the coil 5 is driven via the coil driver 8 to record the image. Note that this operation may not be performed when information is transferred from the host device, but may be performed immediately before ejecting the disk 1 from the device.

As described above, when a disk l on which area information for each track number and the number of sectors per block are recorded in TOCSJ [area 1a] is loaded into this recording/playback apparatus, the contents of TOCSJ area 1a are first read. It will be done. Specifically, the controller 13 controls an optical head and coil moving mechanism (not shown) to move the optical head 4 to a disk position corresponding to the TOCfil area 1a to perform a reproducing operation.

The information in the TOC area 1a is transferred from the optical head 4 to the reproduction amplifier 1.
0 to the reproduction signal processing circuit 15, and the actual TOC information is supplied from the reproduction signal processing circuit 15 to the controller 13 via the subcode detection circuit 16. This TO
The C information is used as calculation information during subsequent recording and reproducing operations.
It is stored in the OC memory 14 and can also be sent to a host device via the interface 18.

For subsequent information recording and reproducing operations, the controller 13 uses the contents of the TOC memory 14 to perform actual physical sector address calculations for the unit number and designated block within the unit specified by the host device via the interface 18. .

A concrete explanation using the example of FIG. 2 is as follows.

For example, if there is a command from a host device to newly record data with a predetermined file name in unit number 2, the file management information recorded in track number 1 is first read out and the track number is The second unused block number is checked. If this unused block number is No. 1, then according to the TOC memory 14, the area with track number No. 2 is (09:24:00).
Also, since the number of sectors per block is 12, (09:24:00) + block number (1) x number of sectors (12) = (09:24:12), The address of the first physical sector with block number 1 can be easily found. For the physical sector number obtained in this way,
After performing necessary access operations, etc., recording information is transmitted via the interface 18, and desired information is recorded. Of course, at this time, management information such as the file name of the above file is added to the unused block of the directory recording area with track number 1, and at the same time, the FA
The management information of the used blocks of the file is added to the unused blocks of the previous recording area.

In this way, by setting multiple areas on the disk consisting of blocks with information capacity suitable for various types of information including file management information, and centrally managing the file management information of all files in one area. , each recording/reproduction can be performed easily and efficiently.

Although the above embodiment has been explained using a magneto-optical disc-shaped recording medium, it is also applicable to other rewritable recording media, and is not limited to the disc format, but also tape-shaped, card-shaped, etc. Even if it is a recording medium, it can be implemented without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, the information recording and reproducing apparatus according to the present invention arranges a plurality of units, each of which is a set of blocks, and stores the arrangement information of each unit on a recording medium and the number of sectors per block information of each unit on the recording medium. In addition to recording in the predetermined unit information recording area above, a unit for recording file management information is provided separately from the unit for recording files, and a processing section for file management is provided. It is possible to place different blocks. This makes it possible to allocate blocks with the optimal number of sectors according to the data length of each of a wide variety of information, making it possible to efficiently use the recording area of the recording medium without wasting much. . Moreover, since we have provided a unit to record file management information for all units, it is possible to allocate blocks with the optimal number of sectors to record file management information, which not only improves the utilization rate of the recording medium. The average data recording and reproducing speed can be improved. Furthermore, when replacing the recording medium, by reading only the unit in which file management information is recorded, it is possible to quickly grasp the recording status of files in all units.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 5 show one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing how a magneto-optical disk as a recording medium of the present invention is divided into regions. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between physical sector numbers, block numbers, and track numbers. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the TOC 14 area and the information recording area of the magneto-optical disk. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a guide groove of a magneto-optical disk. FIG. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a magneto-optical disk device as a recording/reproducing device of the present invention. 6 to 8 show conventional examples. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the TOC area and information recording area on a CD. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the format of a CD frame. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the format of a CD subcoding frame. 1 is a magneto-optical disk, la is a TOCM area (unit information recording area), 1b is an information recording area, 6 is a terminal, 13 is a controller (processing unit), T, ~T3 are areas (units)
It is. Item 3 Figure 4 Figure 1 Figure 1 Sleep

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A physical sector number for identifying each sector as a recording area is given by absolute address information recorded in advance, and information is recorded and reproduced using a block consisting of a predetermined number of sectors as the minimum unit. An information recording and reproducing device that records and reproduces information using a rewritable recording medium that performs A processing unit that records information on the number of sectors per block of a unit in a predetermined unit information recording area on a recording medium, and also provides a unit that records file management information separately from a unit that records files to manage files. An information recording and reproducing device comprising: