JPH03286141A - Crankshaft moving supercharger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a supercharger compact by providing each drive member which is rotated by means of a crank shaft and also is arranged at a symmetry point against the crank shaft, an eccentric turning body fitted eccentrically to the rotation shaft center of each drive member, and spiral displacers fitted to the eccentric turning body and also arranged within a sprial passage. CONSTITUTION:A turning movement is made by the rotation of a drive member 5, and air from a suction opening 2 is compressed and delivered out to a discharge opening 3. That is, the rotation of an engine is directly transmitted from a crank shaft 4 to the drive member 5 of a supercharger 1 without using a belt, and a turning member 8 is turned by the rotation of the drive member 5. Next, as this turning member 8 makes a turning movement, air is introduced from the suction opening 2 formed at a housing, and compression is made in the housing, and then, compressed air is delivered into an engine cylinder through the discharge opening 3.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] This invention relates to a crankshaft-driven supercharger that uses the rotation of the engine's crankshaft to drive an air compressor to supercharge a large amount of air to the engine. Regarding.

[Conventional technology]

In recent years, in order to increase engine output in popular cars, supercharging devices that increase the supercharging pressure of the engine, ie, turbochargers, have been put into practical use. In order to increase the output of this engine, in addition to increasing the supercharging pressure to the cylinder, the amount of intake air to the engine is greatly increased by increasing the air density by cooling with an ink cooler, etc., and supplying the amount commensurate with that amount. This is achieved by increasing fuel.

However, a turbocharger uses exhaust gas energy to turn a turbine, which drives a near compressor to supply more than the normal amount of air to the ennon, so when the engine speed is low, it is difficult to step on the accelerator. However, the compressor does not rotate quickly and the boost pressure does not increase. As described above, the turbocharger is not only unable to exert its torque amplifier effect when the engine is running at medium to low speeds or under medium to low loads, but also causes problems such as poor combustion and the generation of blue-white smoke and foul odors.

Therefore, mechanical superchargers, ie, superchargers, which can obtain a constant supercharging pressure regardless of engine rotation and engine load, have come into use. This mechanical supercharger is a device that uses the rotation of the engine's crankshaft to drive a compressor to supercharge the engine, without using exhaust gas. something is known.

For example, as a spiral type supercharger, Figures 4 and 5
The one shown in the figure is known (Utility Model Application Publication No. 1-711
(See Publication No. 37). That is, the supercharger has a spiral casing 54.55 forming a spiral II circuit 7.58 extending from the suction port 59 on the outer peripheral surface to the discharge port 60 in the center.
and a housing 51 having an end plate 52 that closes one of the front and rear surfaces of the circuit 57.
Eccentric rotating body 61 having an end plate 62 that closes the other surface of
It is equipped with When the drive shaft 71 rotates, the end plate 62 rotates due to the action of the eccentric shaft portion 72 provided at the end of the drive shaft.
Both sides of the spiral displacer 63, 64 contact both sides of the passage 57, 58, and the chambers 57a, 57b, 58a, 58b formed therebetween compress air from the suction port 59 to the discharge port 60. configured to send. These mechanical superchargers are retrofitted to the engine and are extremely compact.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, these mechanical superchargers have the following problems.

That is, since the mechanical supercharger is driven by the crankshaft of the engine via a belt, it is necessary to tension the belt, and it is also necessary to increase the number or width of the belt. Therefore, there is a problem in that the external dimensions of the engine increase.

In addition, the mechanical supercharger mentioned above is generally configured to increase the rotational speed relative to the engine in order to secure the rated air amount, which increases the number of times the discharge air is compressed and increases the driving torque. This results in a significant increase in fuel efficiency.

Furthermore, in the mechanical supercharger, the higher the rotation speed, the more compressed air leaks. For example, in the spiral type supercharger described above, compressed air leaks in gaps between the spiral displacer and the spiral casing and the wall surface of the end plate. In addition, the Roots type has air leakage between the rotors and backflow of discharged air, and the Linjorm type has compressed air leakage between the rotors and between the rotor and the casing. The air introduced from the suction port is adiabatically compressed twice or thrice,
The temperature of the discharged air rises due to this adiabatic compression, leakage, and heat. Therefore, if we take into account the thermal expansion of the spiral displacer due to this increase in salinity and make the gap zero at high speed rotation, leakage will become significant at medium and low speed rotation. The maximum pressure ratio is limited to 2.0 to 2.2, and the pressure ratio cannot be set very high. Therefore, two-stage supercharging, that is, supercharging using a turbocharger and a supercharger, and an outer cooler are required for each, resulting in a complicated shape and high cost.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the above problems, drive a supercharger directly by a crankshaft without using a belt, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a crankshaft supercharger that is compact and capable of obtaining a high pressure ratio with low driving torque by keeping the rotational speed of the supercharger low.

[Means to solve the problem]

The present invention is configured as follows in order to achieve the above objects. That is, the present invention has a spiral passage provided with a suction port and a discharge port located on the back side of the flywheel and provided on the inner circumferential side of the flywheel housing, rotated by the crankshaft, and having a point-like shape with respect to the crankshaft. a crankshaft-driven supercharger having each drive member disposed in the station, an eccentric rotating body mounted eccentrically to the rotational axis of each stationary moving member, and a spiral displacer attached to the eccentric rotation body and disposed within the spiral passage. Regarding.

Here, this crankshaft-driven supercharger can be used for all mechanical superchargers such as Roots type, Lysholm type, and spiral type. a passage provided on the inner circumferential side with a suction port and a discharge port; a drive member arranged to be rotatable by the rotation of the crankshaft; and a drive member arranged in the passage and rotated by the rotation of the drive member to open the suction port. It can be constructed from a rotating member that compresses the air from the pump and sends it out to the discharge port. Therefore, the driving member may be, for example, a rotor, or a driving gear provided on the outer circumferential surface of the crankshaft or the outer circumferential surface of a flywheel drive shaft connected to the crankshaft. Further, the rotating member may be, for example, another rotor that interlocks with the rotor, or may be a pair of driven gears that mesh with the driving gear, or a pair of driven gears that are connected to an eccentric shaft portion of the driven gears. It may be composed of a rotating body and a spiral displacer provided on the rotating body.

[Effect]

Since the crankshaft supercharger according to the present invention is configured as described above, it operates as follows.

That is, this crankshaft supercharger includes an eccentric rotating body eccentrically attached to the rotation axis of each stationary moving member, and a spiral displacer attached to the eccentric rotating body and disposed within the spiral passage. The driving member rotates to compress the air from the suction port and send it out to the discharge port. That is, the rotation of the engine is directly transmitted from the crank wheel to the drive member of the supercharger without going through a belt, and the rotation of the drive member causes the rotation member to rotate. Air is introduced from an inlet formed in the housing, compressed within the housing, and then sent from an outlet to the cylinders of the engine.

In addition, this crankshaft-driven supercharger is placed on the back of the rotating part that has the largest rotation radius among the engine parts, that is, on the back of the flywheel, that is, in the space between the flywheel and the cylinder body. A high pressure ratio can be obtained without increasing the rotational speed of the feeder. That is, for example, in the case of a spiral supercharger, since the number of spirals can be increased by the larger radius, the pressure ratio can be increased by internal compression even if the rotational speed is low.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a crankshaft supercharger according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of a crankshaft-driven supercharger according to the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a cross-sectional view taken along the line
FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the portion B in the figure and a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the crankshaft supercharger.

In FIG. 1, a crankshaft supercharger according to the invention is designated generally by the reference numeral 1.

In particular, this crankshaft supercharger 1 has a flywheel 1
4 and a spiral displacer 9 disposed in the passages 21, 22 and capable of reciprocating in the radial direction. That is,
This crankshaft dynamic supercharging Ill is arranged on the back side of the flywheel 14, and is rotated by the rotation of the crankshaft 4 through a spiral passage 2122 provided with an inlet 2 and an outlet 3 provided on the inner peripheral side of the flywheel housing 10. A drive shaft 1 equipped with a drive gear 5, which is a drive member, arranged so as to be able to
5, and a spiral displacer 9 disposed within the spiral passage 21, 22 and rotated by the rotation of the drive shaft 15 to compress the air from the suction port 2 and send it out to the discharge port 3.
It has the following.

In this crankshaft-driven supercharger 1, a drive shaft 15 is attached to the crankshaft 4, and a drive shaft 6 is connected to the drive shaft 15.
Two S's are arranged point-symmetrically.

The drive shaft 15 is drivingly connected to the crankshaft 4 and
The rotation of the drive shaft 15 causes each drive shaft 6S to rotate.
rotates. Each drive shaft 6S is integrally formed with an eccentric shaft portion 7 attached eccentrically to the rotation axis of each drive shaft 6S, and each eccentric shaft portion 7 has a spiral passage 21.2.
An eccentric rotating body 8 is attached to rotate a spiral displacer suspension 9 disposed within the spacer 2. Therefore, the rotation of the crankshaft 4 causes the eccentric rotating body 8 to perform rotation and circular motion in the radial direction, that is, rotation, through the eccentric shaft portion 7. The rotation of the eccentric rotating body 8 results in a movement that causes the spiral displacer 9 to reciprocate in the radial direction within the spiral passage 21,22.

To explain this crankshaft supercharger l in detail, a spiral passage 21 equipped with an inlet 2 and an outlet 3
．． 22, a drive gear 5 of a drive shaft 15 connected to the crankshaft 4, a pair of driven gears 6 provided on each drive shaft 6S meshing with the drive gear 5, a drive shaft 6S provided with the driven gear 6;
an eccentric rotating body 8 connected to the eccentric shaft portion 7;
Spiral displacer 9 provided in the flywheel housing 10 and spiral casing 1 provided in the flywheel housing 10
1.

The suction port 2 is provided on the outer periphery of the flywheel housing IO, and the discharge port 3 is provided in the center of the flywheel housing 10. The crankshaft 4 protrudes from a bearing hole 13 in a cylinder body 12 of the engine and is connected to a drive shaft 15 of a flywheel 14 . Further, the drive gear 5 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the drive shaft 15 of the flywheel 14. A driven gear 6 that meshes with this driving gear 5
A bearing 1 is attached to a support shaft 16 protruding from the cylinder body 12.
7, and is rotatably supported by the flywheel housing 10 via a bearing 18. The driven gear 6 is configured to have the same number of teeth as the drive gear 5 or an increased number of teeth. The pair of driven gears 6 are arranged diametrically with respect to the crankshaft 4 in a point-symmetrical manner with a phase difference of 180 degrees. Further, the eccentric shaft portion 7 of the driven gear 6 is fitted into the connecting hole 19 of the rotating body 8, and the rotating body 8 is connected to the eccentric shaft portion 7 of one driven gear 6 and the eccentric shaft of the other driven gear 6. The structure is such that it is supported at two points in the section 7.

Furthermore, the eccentric rotating body 8 is connected to the drive shaft 1 of the flywheel 14.
5 is placed in a loaded state. A flywheel housing 10 covering a flywheel 14 is attached to the cylinder body 12. The eccentric rotating body 8 is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the flywheel housing 10.

Further, the flywheel housing 10 has a through hole 20 in the center thereof, and the drive shaft 15 of the flywheel 14 is inserted through the through hole 20. The flywheel housing 10 has a spiral casing 11 erected from two spiral partition walls, and a double spiral passage 2122 is formed. Those ill roads 2
The population of 1.22 communicates with the suction port 2 and the outlet communicates with the discharge port 3. The discharge port 3 is arranged outside the through hole 20. The two passages 21, 22 have approximately the same width over their entire length. Further, a spiral displacer 9 in a spiral shape is inserted into each passage 821.22, is provided upright on the rotating body 8, and is arranged at the same intervals over the entire length.

The bar-shaped outline shown by a chain line in FIG. 1 is a virtual link 23 drawn on the rotating body 8 in order to clearly explain how the rotating body 8 rotates. The virtual link 23 is centered around the axis 25 of the drive shaft 15, as shown by a chain double-dashed circle 24.
It rotates while drawing a circle 24 whose radius is the distance 11r between the axial center 26 of the drive shaft 6S provided with the driven gear 6 and the axial center 27 of the eccentric shaft portion 7. The diameter of the rotation circle 24 is i! If the width of 1 m is A and the thickness of the spiral displacer 9 is T, then D=2r=A-27.

Next, the operation of this crankshaft supercharger 1 will be explained.

The rotation of the engine is crankshaft 4, drive shaft 15, drive shaft 1
Drive gear 5 formed on the outer peripheral surface of 5, then drive gear 5
is transmitted to the driven gear 6 that meshes with the . As shown by the arrow in FIG. 1, when the drive gear 5 rotates counterclockwise,
The driven gear 6 rotates clockwise at the same speed or at a reduced speed. As the driven gear 6 rotates, the rotating body 8 rotates. The movements of the rotating body 8 are indicated by the symbols (a), (b), and (C) in Fig. 3.
, (d) and (e), the virtual link 2 progresses sequentially.
This will be understood from the movement of 3. Further, the movement of the spiral displacer 9 accompanying this movement is also similar.

Figure 3 shows how the air sucked in from the suction port 2 is sent to the discharge port 3 while being compressed, and the shaded area (hatched area) is the area where air is present. It is. The fulcrums P and Q of the virtual link 23 in FIG.
d) P4, Q4, then the first position code (e)
The spiral displacer 9 moves as shown in the figure as it moves sequentially from P to Q. This results in
Air is compressed little by little, sent from the suction port 2 to the discharge port 3, and is discharged from the discharge port 3.

Moreover, in this crankshaft supercharger 1, the rotating body 8
is supported at two points PQ by the two driven gears 6, so the rotating body 8 repeatedly rotates along a predetermined path without causing positional deviation.

Therefore, the gap between the spiral displacer 9 and the flywheel housing IO and the gap between the spiral casing 11 and the rotating body 8 can be reduced, and therefore, air leakage can be minimized.

The crankshaft-driven supercharger 1 is installed inside the flywheel 14, which is a rotating component with the largest rotational radius among the engine-mounted components, so it can have a large number of spirals, and the pressure ratio can be reduced by internal compression. Not only can the pressure ratio be set to 2.2 or more, but the degree of freedom in the pressure ratio can be increased.

In addition, this crankshaft dynamic supercharging I! Of course, I is not limited to the above embodiment and can be changed in various ways. For example, in the above embodiment, the spiral casing 11 is installed upright on the flywheel housing 10, but it may be installed upright on the cylinder body 12 instead. Further, the drive gear 5 may be attached to the outer circumferential surface of the crankshaft 4 instead of being attached to the outer circumferential surface of the drive shaft 15.

〔Effect of the invention〕

Since the crankshaft supercharger according to the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following effects. In other words, this crankshaft-driven supercharger has a spiral passage arranged on the back side of the flywheel and equipped with an inlet and an outlet on the inner circumferential side of the flywheel housing, rotated by the crankshaft, and connected to the crankshaft. Each drive member is arranged symmetrically with respect to a point, an eccentric rotating body is attached eccentrically to the rotation axis of each stationary moving member, and a spiral displacer is attached to the eccentric rotating body and disposed within the spiral passage. The spiral displacer is rotated by the rotation of the driving member, and the function of the spiral displacer allows air from the suction port to be compressed and sent to the discharge port. In addition, the belt for driving the supercharger is removed and the engine rotation is taken directly from the crankshaft, so there is no increase in the engine external dimensions, and the location has a large rotation radius among engine-mounted parts. Because it is placed behind the flywheel, sufficient space can be secured, and the supercharger itself can be configured into an extremely compact structure.

In addition, this crankshaft-driven supercharger supports the eccentric rotating body at two points and rotates eccentrically, so the gap can be made smaller, reducing air leakage, and increasing the number of spirals that serve as passages. By doing so, the pressure ratio can be selected by internal compression, the degree of freedom in design can be increased, and a sufficiently high pressure ratio can be obtained without increasing the rotation speed of the supercharger. Therefore, the driving torque required to drive the supercharger is small.
Not only does it save fuel, but it also eliminates the need for two-stage supercharging and outer cooler equipment, and the overall shape is F! Jji1, and the manufacturing cost is also low.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a crankshaft turbocharger according to the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line X-X in Fig. 1, and Fig. Enlarged sectional view of part A,
Figure 2 (B) is an enlarged sectional view of the part marked B in Figure 2;
The figures are an explanatory diagram for explaining the operation of the crankshaft supercharger shown in Fig. 1, a sectional view showing a conventional supercharger in Fig. 4, and a sectional view shown in Fig. 5.
The figure is a sectional view taken along the wAv-v line in FIG. 4. 1-1---Crankshaft supercharger, 2-1---Suction port,
3 discharge port, 4--crankshaft, 5- drive gear (drive member 1.6--driven gear, 65--drive shaft, 7--
----- Eccentric shaft section, 8-11- Eccentric rotating body, 9 Spiral displacer, 10- Flywheel housing, 11--1- Spiral casing, 1.1-
--1--Flywheel, 15-----1 Drive shaft,
2122---Spiral passage, 23---Virtual link, 24---Circle.

Claims (1)

[Claims] A spiral passage provided on the back surface of the flywheel and provided with an inlet and an outlet on the inner circumferential side of the flywheel housing, each driving member rotated by the crankshaft and arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the crankshaft; A crankshaft supercharger comprising: an eccentric rotating body eccentrically attached to the rotation axis of each drive member; and a spiral displacer attached to the eccentric rotating body and disposed within the spiral passage.