JPH03282187A - Crucible and manufacture thereof - Google Patents
Crucible and manufacture thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03282187A JPH03282187A JP2083729A JP8372990A JPH03282187A JP H03282187 A JPH03282187 A JP H03282187A JP 2083729 A JP2083729 A JP 2083729A JP 8372990 A JP8372990 A JP 8372990A JP H03282187 A JPH03282187 A JP H03282187A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- zirconia
- lining layer
- crucible
- layer
- inner lining
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
この発明はＮｉ合金等の精密鋳造を行う際に使用される
ルツボに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a crucible used in precision casting of Ni alloys and the like.
［従来の技術］
従来、１ｎｃｏｎｅｌ ７１３ＣのようなＮｉ基超超合
金どを精密鋳造するには、ルツボの中に予め溶製した目
的とする合金組成のメルティングストックのインゴット
を入れ、高周波炉により加熱して原料を溶解した後、ロ
ストワックス法で製造したセラミックシェル鋳型に注入
して固化させるようにしている。[Prior Art] Conventionally, in order to precisely cast a Ni-based superalloy such as 1nconel 713C, an ingot of melting stock having the desired alloy composition melted in advance is placed in a crucible, and the ingot is cast in a high frequency furnace. After the raw materials are heated and melted, they are poured into ceramic shell molds manufactured using the lost wax method and allowed to solidify.
このルツボは、耐火物その他の異物の混入を防ぐために
、再使用せず使い捨てにしており、そのために鋳型と同
様に比較的安価に製造できる。ロストワックス法を用い
ている。すなわち、ワックスからなる雄型に順次スラリ
ー状の耐火物を塗り付け、これに耐火物の砂をまぶして
成形し、乾燥した後ワックスを溶融除去し、焼成してい
る。This crucible is disposable and not reused to prevent contamination with refractories and other foreign substances, and therefore, like a mold, it can be manufactured at a relatively low cost. The lost wax method is used. That is, a male mold made of wax is sequentially coated with a refractory slurry, sprinkled with refractory sand, molded, dried, the wax is melted and removed, and fired.
スラリー状の耐火物としては、結合剤となるコロイド状
のシリカにアルミナ粉を溶かしたものが、耐火物砂とし
てはアルミナ砂などが用いられる。The slurry refractory used is a mixture of alumina powder dissolved in colloidal silica as a binder, and the refractory sand used is alumina sand.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
しかしながら、上記のような従来の技術においては、結
合剤として用いたシリカが５〜７％程度残存しており、
これが鋳造される金属溶湯と反応してドロスを発生する
ことがある。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the conventional technology as described above, about 5 to 7% of the silica used as a binder remains.
This may react with the molten metal being cast and generate dross.
特にＮｉ基超超合金鋳造する場合には、Ａｌ１．Ｔｉな
どの活性元素を多量に含むために、溶湯とルツボとの反
応を抑えることが困難であり、発生したドロスが鋳物の
表面に巻き込まれて表面不良の原因となっている。この
ような問題は１７−４ｐＨのようなＯｒ含有量の多い鉄
系合金を鋳造する場合において、も発生する。In particular, when casting a Ni-based superalloy, Al1. Since it contains a large amount of active elements such as Ti, it is difficult to suppress the reaction between the molten metal and the crucible, and the generated dross gets caught on the surface of the casting, causing surface defects. Such problems also occur when casting iron-based alloys with a high Or content such as 17-4 pH.
そこで、ルツボを安定性の高いジルコニアを素材とする
耐火物で作成することが考えられるが、同じ製法でコロ
イド状のジルコニアを結合剤として用いた場合、結合力
が小さく、また熱伝導性が悪いためにサーマルショック
に弱い。従って、溶解作業において割れやひびが発生し
、作業の円滑な進行を妨げることがある。Therefore, it is possible to make the crucible with a refractory material made from highly stable zirconia, but if colloidal zirconia is used as a binder using the same manufacturing method, the bonding strength will be small and the thermal conductivity will be poor. Therefore, it is vulnerable to thermal shock. Therefore, cracks and cracks may occur during the melting process, which may hinder the smooth progress of the process.
［課題を解決するための手段］
この発明は、上記のような課題を解決するためにな−さ
れたーものである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems.
第１請求項の発明は、ジルコニアを成分とする内張層と
、この内張層の周囲を囲繞する補強層とからなるルツボ
である。内張層の厚さは、内張層の肉薄部やポーラスな
部分を通して溶湯が内部の補強層と反応することがなけ
ればよく、１．０〜５．Ｏ１程度であればよい。ジルコ
ニアの内張層自体が多層となっていたり、適度な粒度の
粒体と粉体とを混合して焼成した構成としてもよい。粒
体の粒度は０．１〜１．０ｍｍ、粉体の混合比は２０〜
６０重量％がよい。補強層としては、特に材質が限定さ
れるものではなく、製造が容易で原料が安価なものを適
宜選択すればよい。The first aspect of the invention is a crucible comprising a lining layer containing zirconia as a component and a reinforcing layer surrounding the lining layer. The thickness of the lining layer should be 1.0 to 5.0, as long as the molten metal does not react with the internal reinforcing layer through the thin or porous parts of the lining layer. It is sufficient if it is about O1. The zirconia lining layer itself may be multilayered, or may have a structure in which granules and powder of appropriate particle size are mixed and fired. The particle size of the granules is 0.1~1.0mm, and the mixing ratio of the powder is 20~
60% by weight is good. The material of the reinforcing layer is not particularly limited, and any material that is easy to manufacture and uses inexpensive raw materials may be selected as appropriate.
第２請求項の発明は、低融点物質からなる雄型の周囲に
コロイド状ジルコニアとジルコニア粉とからなるスラリ
ーを付着させこれにジルコニア砂をまぶして乾燥固化さ
せて内張層を形成する工程と、この内張層の周囲にコロ
イド状シリカと耐火物粉とからなるスラリーを付着させ
これに耐火物砂をまぶして乾燥固化させ補強層を形成す
る工程と、内張層及び補強層を一体に焼成する工程とを
有するルツボの製造方法である。The invention as claimed in claim 2 includes the step of adhering a slurry made of colloidal zirconia and zirconia powder around a male mold made of a low melting point substance, sprinkling zirconia sand on the slurry, and drying and solidifying it to form a lining layer. , a process of attaching a slurry made of colloidal silica and refractory powder around this lining layer, sprinkling refractory sand on it, drying and solidifying it to form a reinforcing layer, and integrating the lining layer and the reinforcing layer. This is a method for manufacturing a crucible, which includes a step of firing.
［作用］
第１請求項の発明においては、ジルコニアが安定である
ので、溶湯の注入時にジルコニアを成分とする内張層が
溶湯と反応することがなく、ドロスの発生が防止される
。また、この内張層は補強層により囲繞されており、熱
衝撃や機械的衝撃を吸収して亀裂の発生を抑え、また、
万一亀裂が発生しても補強層により保持されて形状を保
ち、補強層と溶湯が反応することは少ない。[Function] In the first aspect of the invention, since zirconia is stable, the lining layer containing zirconia as a component does not react with the molten metal when the molten metal is poured, and the generation of dross is prevented. In addition, this lining layer is surrounded by a reinforcing layer, which absorbs thermal shock and mechanical shock to suppress the occurrence of cracks.
Even if a crack occurs, the reinforcing layer will hold it in place and keep its shape, and the reinforcing layer and molten metal will rarely react.
第２請求項の発明においては、ワックスなどの低融点物
質を溶融させて母型に注入して雄型を作り、これの周囲
にコロイド状のジルコニアとジルコニア粉とからなるス
ラリーを付着させ、これにジルコニア砂をまぶして乾燥
させて内張層を形成する。内張層のシェルの外部に同じ
ように補強層のシェルを形成し、一体に焼成することに
より、互いに緊密な層状のルツボが、効率よく生産され
る。In the invention of claim 2, a male mold is made by melting a low melting point substance such as wax and injecting it into a mother mold, and a slurry consisting of colloidal zirconia and zirconia powder is attached around the male mold. zirconia sand is sprinkled on the surface and dried to form a lining layer. By forming the reinforcing layer shell in the same manner on the outside of the lining layer shell and firing them together, a crucible with closely-spaced layers can be efficiently produced.
［実施例］ 以下、図面を参照してこの発明の詳細な説明する。[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
第１図において１はこの発明の一実施例のルツボであり
、上面が開口した有底円筒状の耐火物容器である。この
ルツボ１の壁は、第２図に示すように内張層２とその外
を覆う補強層３からなっている。内張層２は、ジルコニ
アを成分とする粒体（以下ノルフェア粒体という）４と
結合剤であるコロイド状ジルコニアとジルコニア粉とか
らなるスラリーを乾燥固化した粉体（ジルコニア粉体）
５とが混合され焼成されて形成されており、補強層３は
、アルミナを主成分とする粒体（アルミナ粒体）と、結
合剤であるシリカと耐火物粉からなるスラリーを乾燥固
化した粉体（シリカ粉体）７とが焼成されて形成されて
いる。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a crucible according to an embodiment of the present invention, which is a cylindrical refractory container with an open top and a bottom. As shown in FIG. 2, the wall of this crucible 1 consists of a lining layer 2 and a reinforcing layer 3 covering the outside thereof. The lining layer 2 is made of powder (zirconia powder) obtained by drying and solidifying a slurry consisting of granules containing zirconia (hereinafter referred to as Norphea granules) 4, colloidal zirconia as a binder, and zirconia powder.
The reinforcing layer 3 is formed by drying and solidifying a slurry consisting of granules containing alumina as a main component (alumina granules), silica as a binder, and refractory powder. The body (silica powder) 7 is fired and formed.
内張層２と補強層３の寸法、組成を表（次頁）に示した
。The dimensions and compositions of the lining layer 2 and reinforcing layer 3 are shown in the table (next page).
以下、第３図及び第４図を参照してこのルツボの製造方
法を説明する。Hereinafter, a method for manufacturing this crucible will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.
まず、ルツボ１の内面の形状と等しい内面を有する母型
８を金属などで作成しておく。この母型８は、成形品を
取り出すために２つの分割型８ａ。First, a matrix 8 having an inner surface having the same shape as the inner surface of the crucible 1 is made of metal or the like. This mother mold 8 is divided into two divided molds 8a to take out the molded product.
８ｂから構成されている。この母型８の中に、母型８と
の間に一定の隙間９が形成されるようにコアｌＯを挿入
し、その隙間９に溶融したワックスＷを注入し固化させ
、これを母型８を分割して取り出して雄型１１とする。It consists of 8b. A core lO is inserted into this mother mold 8 so that a certain gap 9 is formed between it and the mother mold 8, and molten wax W is injected into the gap 9 and solidified. A male mold 11 is obtained by dividing and taking out the mold.
一方、ジルコニアを成分とする粒体４及び粉体５を雄型
１１の周囲に付着させて乾燥させ、図示の例ではこれを
３回繰り返して内張層２を形成する。同様に、アルミナ
を主成分とする粒体６とシリカを主成分とする粉体７を
上述した方法で内張層２の外面に多層に付着させて補強
層３を形成する。このようにして、雄型１１の周囲にシ
ェルＳを形成した後、加熱し、あるいは加熱と加圧を同
時に行ってワックスＷを溶融させ、ワックスＷとコアｌ
Ｏを取り除き、シェルＳを炉に装入して焼成する。On the other hand, granules 4 and powder 5 containing zirconia are attached around the male die 11 and dried, and in the example shown, this is repeated three times to form the lining layer 2. Similarly, the reinforcing layer 3 is formed by adhering the granules 6 mainly composed of alumina and the powder 7 mainly composed of silica to the outer surface of the lining layer 2 in multiple layers using the method described above. After forming the shell S around the male mold 11 in this way, the wax W is melted by heating or heating and pressurization at the same time, and the wax W and the core l are melted.
After removing O, the shell S is placed in a furnace and fired.
このような方法によれば、母型８と同じ均一な形状のル
ツボｌが比較的簡単な作業工程により生産される。−回
に形成される層の厚さはスラリーの粘性を変えることに
よりコントロールすることができ、上記のように、それ
ぞれの層を薄い層を重ねて構成することにより、第２図
に示すような粒体４．６が層状に配列された緻密な構造
とすることができる。それぞれの層において、粒体４゜
６の径や混合比を変えることにより、その特性を変える
ことができる。According to such a method, a crucible l having the same uniform shape as the mother mold 8 can be produced through a relatively simple work process. - The thickness of the layer formed during the process can be controlled by changing the viscosity of the slurry. It can have a dense structure in which the grains 4.6 are arranged in layers. In each layer, the characteristics can be changed by changing the diameter and mixing ratio of the particles 4.6.
このように製造したルツボ１は、内張層２が安定なジル
コニアを主成分としているので、活性な金属元素を含む
溶湯を収容しても溶湯と反応することがなく、従って、
清浄な溶湯を鋳型に注入することができ、欠陥の無い良
質の鋳造品を得ることができる。また、内張層２自体が
緻密な層状に形成され、さらに補強層３により覆われて
いるので耐衝撃性が高く、亀裂の発生が防止されるとと
もに、両者が一体に焼成されているから剥離したりする
ことがなく、耐用性が高い。また、全体がジルコニアか
らなる場合に比較して原料コストが安価であり、上述し
たように生産コストも安いので、使捨てタイプのルツボ
としても充分つり合い、その結果より高品質の鋳造品を
より高い生産性をもって製造することができる。Since the crucible 1 manufactured in this manner has the lining layer 2 mainly composed of stable zirconia, it does not react with the molten metal even if it contains the molten metal containing active metal elements.
Clean molten metal can be poured into the mold, resulting in defect-free, high-quality cast products. In addition, the lining layer 2 itself is formed into a dense layer and is further covered with the reinforcing layer 3, so it has high impact resistance and prevents cracking, and since both are fired as one, it does not peel off. It does not cause any damage and has high durability. In addition, the raw material cost is lower than when the entire body is made of zirconia, and as mentioned above, the production cost is also low, so it is well balanced as a disposable crucible, and as a result, higher quality cast products can be produced at a higher price. It can be manufactured with high productivity.
なお、上述した実施例では、結合剤としてコロイド状ジ
ルコニアとコロイド状シリカとを用いた２つの層に区別
したが、両者を混合した粉体を結合斉１とした層を設け
て特性を段階的に変えるようにしてもよい。In the above-mentioned example, colloidal zirconia and colloidal silica were used as binders to separate the two layers, but a layer containing a powder mixture of both with bonding uniformity 1 was provided to gradually improve the properties. You may also change it to
［発明の効果］
第１請求項の発明においては、ジルコニアを成分とする
内張層と、この内張層の周囲を囲繞する補強層とからな
るものであるので、溶湯の注入時に内張層が溶湯と反応
することがなく、欠陥の無い高品質の鋳造品が製造され
るとともに、内張層が補強層により補強されており、熱
衝撃や機械的衝撃を吸収して亀裂の発生を抑え、安全か
つ安定な操業を行わしめる。[Effects of the Invention] The invention of the first claim is composed of a lining layer containing zirconia as a component and a reinforcing layer surrounding this lining layer. does not react with the molten metal, producing defect-free, high-quality castings.In addition, the lining layer is reinforced with a reinforcing layer, which absorbs thermal and mechanical shocks and prevents cracks from forming. and ensure safe and stable operations.
また、第２請求項の発明においては、上記のような特性
を備えたルツボが簡単な作業工程により効率よく生産さ
れる。Moreover, in the invention of the second claim, a crucible having the above-mentioned characteristics can be efficiently produced by a simple work process.
第１図はこの発明の一実施例のルツボを示す一部を破断
して示す図、第２図はその一部を拡大して示す図、第３
図及び第４図はルツボの製法を示す図である。
ｌ・・・・・・ルツボ、２・・・・・・内張層、３・・
・・・・補強層、＋１・・・・・・雄型。FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway view showing a crucible according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the crucible, and FIG.
The figure and FIG. 4 are diagrams showing a method for manufacturing a crucible. l... Crucible, 2... Lining layer, 3...
...Reinforcement layer, +1...Male type.
Claims (2)
周囲を囲繞する補強層とからなることを特徴とするルツ
ボ。(1) A crucible comprising a lining layer containing zirconia and a reinforcing layer surrounding the lining layer.
コニアとジルコニア粉とからなるスラリーを付着させこ
れにジルコニア砂をまぶして乾燥固化させて内張層を形
成する工程と、 この内張層の周囲にコロイド状シリカと耐火物粉とから
なるスラリーを付着させこれに耐火物砂をまぶして乾燥
固化させ補強層を形成する工程と、内張層及び補強層を
一体に焼成する工程とを有することを特徴とするルツボ
の製造方法。(2) A step of attaching a slurry made of colloidal zirconia and zirconia powder around a male mold made of a low melting point substance, sprinkling zirconia sand on it, and drying and solidifying it to form a lining layer; A step of depositing a slurry consisting of colloidal silica and refractory powder around the silica, sprinkling refractory sand on it, drying and solidifying it to form a reinforcing layer, and a step of firing the lining layer and the reinforcing layer together. A method for producing a crucible, comprising:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2083729A JPH03282187A (en) | 1990-03-30 | 1990-03-30 | Crucible and manufacture thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2083729A JPH03282187A (en) | 1990-03-30 | 1990-03-30 | Crucible and manufacture thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03282187A true JPH03282187A (en) | 1991-12-12 |
Family
ID=13810611
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2083729A Pending JPH03282187A (en) | 1990-03-30 | 1990-03-30 | Crucible and manufacture thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH03282187A (en) |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1988350A1 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2008-11-05 | General Electric Company | Reinforced Refractory Crucibles For Melting Titanium Alloys |
| JP2008267797A (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-11-06 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Metal melting crucible and its surface treatment method |
| JP2009133611A (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-18 | General Electric Co <Ge> | Refractory crucible capable of managing thermal stress and suitable for melting highly reactive alloy |
| US8236232B2 (en) | 2007-04-30 | 2012-08-07 | General Electric Company | Methods for making reinforced refractory crucibles for melting titanium alloys |
| CN103217014A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-07-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Composite crucible for casting titanium and titanium alloy in vacuum counter-gravity |
| US8858697B2 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2014-10-14 | General Electric Company | Mold compositions |
| US8906292B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2014-12-09 | General Electric Company | Crucible and facecoat compositions |
| US8932518B2 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2015-01-13 | General Electric Company | Mold and facecoat compositions |
| US8992824B2 (en) | 2012-12-04 | 2015-03-31 | General Electric Company | Crucible and extrinsic facecoat compositions |
| US9011205B2 (en) | 2012-02-15 | 2015-04-21 | General Electric Company | Titanium aluminide article with improved surface finish |
| US9192983B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2015-11-24 | General Electric Company | Silicon carbide-containing mold and facecoat compositions and methods for casting titanium and titanium aluminide alloys |
| US9511417B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2016-12-06 | General Electric Company | Silicon carbide-containing mold and facecoat compositions and methods for casting titanium and titanium aluminide alloys |
| US9592548B2 (en) | 2013-01-29 | 2017-03-14 | General Electric Company | Calcium hexaluminate-containing mold and facecoat compositions and methods for casting titanium and titanium aluminide alloys |
| US10391547B2 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2019-08-27 | General Electric Company | Casting mold of grading with silicon carbide |
-
1990
- 1990-03-30 JP JP2083729A patent/JPH03282187A/en active Pending
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008267797A (en) * | 2007-03-28 | 2008-11-06 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Metal melting crucible and its surface treatment method |
| JP2008275305A (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2008-11-13 | General Electric Co <Ge> | Reinforced refractory crucible for melting titanium alloy |
| US8236232B2 (en) | 2007-04-30 | 2012-08-07 | General Electric Company | Methods for making reinforced refractory crucibles for melting titanium alloys |
| EP1988350A1 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2008-11-05 | General Electric Company | Reinforced Refractory Crucibles For Melting Titanium Alloys |
| JP2009133611A (en) * | 2007-11-30 | 2009-06-18 | General Electric Co <Ge> | Refractory crucible capable of managing thermal stress and suitable for melting highly reactive alloy |
| US8858697B2 (en) | 2011-10-28 | 2014-10-14 | General Electric Company | Mold compositions |
| US9011205B2 (en) | 2012-02-15 | 2015-04-21 | General Electric Company | Titanium aluminide article with improved surface finish |
| US8932518B2 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2015-01-13 | General Electric Company | Mold and facecoat compositions |
| US9802243B2 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2017-10-31 | General Electric Company | Methods for casting titanium and titanium aluminide alloys |
| US8906292B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2014-12-09 | General Electric Company | Crucible and facecoat compositions |
| US8992824B2 (en) | 2012-12-04 | 2015-03-31 | General Electric Company | Crucible and extrinsic facecoat compositions |
| US9803923B2 (en) | 2012-12-04 | 2017-10-31 | General Electric Company | Crucible and extrinsic facecoat compositions and methods for melting titanium and titanium aluminide alloys |
| US9592548B2 (en) | 2013-01-29 | 2017-03-14 | General Electric Company | Calcium hexaluminate-containing mold and facecoat compositions and methods for casting titanium and titanium aluminide alloys |
| CN103217014B (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2014-11-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Composite crucible for casting titanium and titanium alloy in vacuum counter-gravity |
| CN103217014A (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2013-07-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Composite crucible for casting titanium and titanium alloy in vacuum counter-gravity |
| US9192983B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2015-11-24 | General Electric Company | Silicon carbide-containing mold and facecoat compositions and methods for casting titanium and titanium aluminide alloys |
| US9511417B2 (en) | 2013-11-26 | 2016-12-06 | General Electric Company | Silicon carbide-containing mold and facecoat compositions and methods for casting titanium and titanium aluminide alloys |
| US10391547B2 (en) | 2014-06-04 | 2019-08-27 | General Electric Company | Casting mold of grading with silicon carbide |
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