JPH0327902A - Manufacture of composite timber using water vapor explosion - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To develop a composite timber constituted of a chemical and a timber by water vapor distilling and removing resin in the timber, pressurizing and heating with high pressure saturated vapor, and then lowering quickly the pressure, water vapor exploding the residual water in cell cavities, breaking the cell cavities and very tine capillaries in small scale and building up injection routes of the chemical. CONSTITUTION:The temperature of the whole of a timber is made uniform and saturated vapor is discharged to reduce the pressure lower than the atmospheric pressure, and the whole of resin is chemically decomposed by means of water vapor distillation and removed therefrom. The timber is contained in a pressure vessel and high pressure vapor is injected into the vessel to raise the temperature inside the timber, and then the vapor and drain in the vessel are discharged to lower the pressure quickly in the given range. Then, the residual water contained in respective cell cavities is boiled up quickly to turn into water vapor, and water vapor explosions are generated only in the cell cavities and the areas where very fine capillaries are to build up new injection routes artificially. A composite timber constituted of a chemical and the timber can easily be manufactured by said process.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This product is a chemical mulberry injection I! A new injection route was created using hydrodistillation and steam explosion in the wood that was Ifi, and one of the chemical agents was made to have good luck, and a composite tree of chemicals and wood + 4 was created. This is related to facilitating the production of iΔ. At the outset, this application specifies that
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It should be clearly stated that this is a Fujutsu development developed from ``370 I Method for Degreasing Wood by Steam Distillation'' and Patent 1 39 1 4 6 1 ``Pressure Melting Pressure Drying Machine and Its Method.'' Does the conventional wood injection method convert it into wood? 1 item
Even if one person tries it, there is no injection method that can be done by one person except for the edges of the wood. The reason for this is that there are 9 obstacles called resin inside the tree, and as the tree grows, it will cause damage to the surrounding area of the tree. It is difficult to carry out LL due to the fact that the pores and capillaries that are islands at the exit of the cell cavity become smaller and the cell cavity becomes bag-shaped. For this reason, instead of the natural condition B, in order to make the injection easier without deteriorating the strength of the wood,
It is necessary to artificially create a new injection route. The above-mentioned patent clearly states that the removal of the resin, which makes it difficult to inject and equalize the internal temperature of the wood, cannot be done by ordinary methods using saturated steam treatment and reduced pressure, or by chemical treatment. The above-mentioned patent describes the necessity of steam distillation as a method for removing the resin that is an obstacle from the whole wood. The above-mentioned patent also describes a method of enlarging the W1-shaped capillaries that make injection difficult and the pores that serve as the exits of cell cavities.
However, this alone is insufficient for the [111
However, it is not possible to create a composite wood using chemicals and wood. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to destroy the microscopic capillaries and cell cavity walls on a small scale without reducing the strength of the wood. Using external pressure to cause this destruction only compresses them, but does not destroy them. In order to destroy them, it is possible to rapidly increase the pressure inside them. The explosion of Mt. Aizu Bandai in the Taisho era and the soot emitted from the Soviet Union's primitive power plants were also caused by steam explosions. If this steam explosion can be caused within the wood in a controllable manner, a new route for uniformly injecting chemicals into the wood will be created, paving the way for the production of composite wood with chemicals and wood. +m is lost. The method of uniformly heating the inside of wood to over 100 degrees is
This is clearly stated in the above patent. Since the wood contains water from the beginning, the pressure is increased in the pressure vessel, the temperature of the wood is heated to 100 degrees or higher, as high as possible, and then the pressure is rapidly reduced. When the temperature is lowered, the water contained within the wood rapidly boils and turns into water vapor, causing a steam explosion inside the wood that is unusable. In the phenomenon of phreatic explosions, just as there is no sequence of numbers that are infinite after 0 between the state where phreatic explosions do not occur and the large phreatic explosions, there is something called small-scale phreatic instigation. I have to. The method by which this small-scale steam explosion is possible will be shown below. It is obvious that the scale of the steam explosion will be reduced by reducing the pressure change inside the vessel, but if resin is partially present in the wood, there are extremely small capillaries, or cells are If the foramen at the exit of the cavity is extremely small,
The steam explosion will be large only in that area and not in other parts, so if you inject a chemical into the wood, there will be areas where the chemical is injected and areas where it is not. , it does not result in a uniform composite wood. Therefore, uniform composite wood cannot be produced unless the causes of uneven steam explosions are eliminated in advance so that small-scale steam explosions occur uniformly throughout the wood. Place the wood in a container and close the door, then inject high-pressure steam from the boiler into the container and apply a fluctuating pressure in the range of about 0.5 to 0.7 kgG to normalize the humidity of the wood to a high temperature.
Next, when a pressure varying in the range of approximately 1.0 to 0.7 kgG is applied, the condensed water that forms on the wood surface is forced into the center of the wood while the pressure increases, removing the impurities that were present in the wood from the beginning. f When the pressure decreases, a phenomenon occurs in which water is pushed toward the surface of the wood. Because this movement of water between old and new water does not cause K4 flow within the wood,
Previously, mixing of old and new water did not occur, but now it is possible to mix old and new water, and the temperature of the water inside the wood becomes uniform, so regardless of the strength of the wood, the temperature inside the wood is uniform. Become.
Since it is treated with pressurized steam, the temperature inside all the wood is uniform regardless of the position of the wood in the pressure vessel, and the pressure treatment time of the saturated steam fluctuates in proportion to the thickness of the wood. becomes. After the processing time has elapsed, the saturated steam inside the pressure vessel is released, the vessel is sealed tightly, and a vacuum pump is used to release the saturated steam inside the pressure vessel. '#
Reduce the pressure inside the vessel to below atmospheric pressure. If you do it like this,
All of the water contained in the wood boils uniformly, and all of the fat that was blocking the movement of water is chemically decomposed and removed by steam distillation. Additionally, changes in the release speed of pressurized saturated steam can cause the extremely thin capillaries and pores that make it difficult for water to move through the wood to expand.
These matters IQ are published in the above patent. The fact that this series of treatments cannot provide enough energy to convert the entire amount of water in all cell cavities into water vapor is that the treated wood is frozen at -20 degrees Celsius or below to freeze the entire water content. When a test piece is made and the M cell cavity is photographed using an electron microscope, the areas where water has disappeared will be visible, and the areas where water remains will appear white. This electron micrograph shows that water remains uniformly in all cell cavities. If we could find a way to convert the water that remains uniformly in all cell cavities into energy, we would be able to generate rapid rupture by steam stimulation on the walls of the cyst cavities and minute capillaries, which make injection difficult. is added, and a new injection route appears. Next, we will describe a method to convert the water uniformly left in the cell cavity into energy. After pressurizing and heating the wood using fluctuating saturated steam pressure, the wood is depressurized below atmospheric pressure, and while it is placed in a pressure vessel, high pressure steam is injected into the vessel to produce approximately 1.0 kg of pressure above atmospheric pressure. After increasing the pressure to a predetermined pressure of , until the temperature inside the wood becomes uniform, the pressure of jL saturated steam is approximately 1.0.
Frequently fluctuate between ~0.7 kgG. That t1vA
By using N, the saturated vapor pressure is further increased and the pressure is varied,
In some cases, it is better to raise the temperature inside the wood.Also, it is better to maintain the fluctuating pressure as it is and convert the pressurized and ripened saturated steam into heated steam to increase the temperature inside the wood. In some cases, the best result is selected. This temperature rise and the time it takes to reach a uniform temperature after the temperature -L rises vary depending on the wood species, but it is important to note that the VA fat is removed and the extremely thin capillaries and pores are enlarged. Therefore, the time required to equalize the internal temperature of the wood is much shorter than the time described in 6P above. The uniform temperature within the wood to be raised is approximately 1O
It is easier to obtain more beneficial results if the temperature is higher than 30°F. After the temperature inside the wood reaches a higher temperature, the injection of saturated steam or heated steam is stopped, and the steam and drain water inside the pressure vessel are released from the valve attached to the bottom of the pressure vessel.
When the pressure is rapidly reduced in the range of 0.4 to 0.7 kgG from the maximum pressure, the remaining water contained in each cell cavity rapidly rises to f# and turns into water vapor, causing the water inside the wood to rise. Steam explosions occur only in the stamen cavities and extremely thin capillaries, but steam agitation in these areas does not cause explosions that make the wood unusable; This results in a steam explosion that only causes cracks in the walls of cavities and capillaries.
New injection routes can now be created artificially. Thus, the discovery that numerous small-scale steam fumes can be generated in wood treated with steam distillation has facilitated the injection of chemicals through artificially created injection routes, leading to countless ideas. This paved the way for the development of composite wood made of chemicals and wood. It goes without saying that by using this method, the speed of wood drying after this treatment is greatly increased. fountain
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Claims (1)

[Claims] The wood contained in the pressure vessel is heated with saturated steam that varies the pressurization pressure, and then the pressure inside the vessel is reduced to remove the resin in the wood by steam distillation. After causing the phenomenon of enlarging the crest cavity and extremely thin capillaries, the wood is heated under pressure using heated steam or high-pressure saturated steam, and then the pressure in the pressure vessel is rapidly reduced to expand the cell cavities of the wood. Steam distillation is a process that rapidly converts the water remaining in the wood into steam, causing a steam explosion, destroying cell cavities and extremely thin capillaries on a small scale, and creating a new injection route for chemicals into the wood. A method for producing composite wood of chemicals and wood, characterized by using a combination of water vapor explosion and steam explosion.