JPH0327886A - Three-dimensional laser welding machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily weld a work of a three-dimensional weld line by providing a driving part for rotating a filler wire supply device on a working head, and positioning a wire supply nozzle in front of the weld line of a butt part by an NC controller. CONSTITUTION:On a working head 8 of a laser welding machine having the degree of freedom of five axes, a filler wire supply device 18 being freely rotatable coaxially with this head 8 is provided, and on the working head 8, a driving part 16 for rotating the filler wire supply device 18 is provided. Subsequently, a wire supply nozzle 18d of the filler wire supply device is positioned in front of a weld line 22a of a butt part by an NC controller 23. In such a way, the butt part having a wide clearance can be welded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Purpose of the invention] (Industrial application field) The present invention relates to a three-dimensional laser welding machine.

(Conventional technology) Laser welding machines have traditionally been used to weld objects with three-dimensional weld lines, but if there is a large gap between the objects that are butted together at the weld line, good welding cannot be achieved. Therefore, it is welded using filler wire. For example, when butt welding steel plates with a thickness of 4.5 ms, if the gap is 0.2 m or more, normal welding will not be possible, so by supplying filler wire to the weld from the welding direction, welding can be performed with laser light. (Refer to Toshiba View Vol. 39, No. 6, P. 20)
．． (Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, with this method, there is no problem when the welding line is straight, but when the welding line is sharply bent, it is difficult to follow the laser nozzle and change the feed direction of the filler wire.

It is possible to improve the accuracy of the workpiece and reduce the gap without using filler wire, but this is almost impossible if the workpiece is a large press-formed workpiece, for example.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional laser welding machine that can easily weld objects to be welded with a three-dimensional weld line.

[Structure of the invention]

(Means and effects for solving the problem) The present invention provides a three-dimensional laser welding machine that supplies a filler wire to a three-dimensional workpiece and irradiates it with laser light to weld the butt part, which has five degrees of freedom. By providing the processing head of the laser welding machine with a filler wire supply device that can freely rotate coaxially with the processing head, and providing the processing head with a drive unit that rotates the filler wire supply device, the wire supply nozzle of the filler wire supply device can be controlled by the NC control device. This is a three-dimensional laser welding machine that is positioned in front of the weld line of the butt part, making it possible to weld the butt part with a wide gap.

(Example) An example of the three-dimensional laser welding machine of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, at the rear end of a processing table 1'' on which a workpiece (not shown) is placed along with a jig (not shown) in alignment with a reference point (not shown), an A shaft mount 2 is erected in the left-right direction, and the rear end of the Y-axis arm 3 protruding forward is provided on the X-axis table 2a so as to be movable in the X-axis direction by a drive section 3a provided at the rear end. There is.

Further, a Z-axis base 4 is vertically attached to the left side of the Y-axis arm 3, and a Z-axis base 4 is installed on the upper surface of the Z-axis base 4.
A servo motor 3b that drives the Z-axis arm 5 back and forth is installed vertically, and a servo motor 5a that drives the Z-axis arm 5 vertically installed up and down is installed horizontally on the left side. A servo motor 3C is installed in the front and back direction to rotate the motor.

Furthermore, a substantially L-shaped axle box 5b is attached to the lower end of the Z-axis arm 5, and a servo motor (not shown) attached to the axle box 5b rotates in the direction of arrow γ on the front surface of the axle box 5b. A mirror mount 6 to which a reflecting mirror is attached is attached, and a processing head 8, which will be described later, is attached to the lower end of this mirror mount 6.

A mirror mount 7a housing a reflecting mirror (not shown) is attached to the left side of the rear end of the Y-axis arm 3, and the right end of a telescopic laser transmission tube 7A is fixed to the left side of the mirror mount 7a. The left end (not shown) of this laser transmission tube 7A is connected to the emission port of a carbon dioxide laser oscillator (not shown), and a Y-axis arm 3 is provided in front of the mirror mount 7a.
The rear end of a telescopic laser transmission tube 7b provided front and rear along the left side surface of the laser transmission tube 7b was connected to the rear end of the laser transmission tube 7b, and the front end of the laser transmission tube 7b was attached to the upper end of the Z-axis arm 5, and a reflecting mirror (not shown) was housed therein. It is connected to the rear surface of the mirror mount 4a, and inside the shaft box 5b at the lower end of the Z-axis arm 5, the laser beam transmitted from a reflecting mirror (not shown) in the mirror mount 4a is transferred to a reflecting mirror (described later) in the mirror mount 6. A reflection mirror (not shown) is housed there. FIG. 2 is a detailed longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tip of the three-dimensional laser welding machine with such a structure.

In the figure, a water-cooled mount 6a is attached to the upper right of the mirror mount 6, and a reflecting mirror 6b is attached to the left side of this water-cooled mount 6a.

An air supply seat lO at the upper end of the processing head 8 is concentrically attached to the lower end of the mirror mount 6 via a connection pipe 9 from below and fixed to the connection pipe 9, and the left side of the air supply seat lO is A pneumatic joint 10a is attached. Furthermore, a cooling water supply seat 11 is concentrically fitted and fixed to the lower surface of the air supply seat 1O from below, and two water pressure joints 11a are screwed to the left side surface of this cooling water supply seat 11. It communicates with a 1lb water channel installed inside. Also, the cooling water supply seat 11
A mirror mount l2 is screwed into the inside of the mirror mount 12 from below, and a condensing mirror 12a is fixed to the inside of this mirror mount 12. In addition, a gas supply seat 13 is concentrically fitted and fixed from below to the lower surface of the cooling water supply seat 1l, and a machining head 8 for supplying shielding gas is attached to the left side of the gas supply seat 13.
A gas pipe fitting 13a is screwed into the gas supply seat l3, and an upper nozzle l4 with a V-shaped cross section is installed on the lower surface of the gas supply seat l3.
are in concentric contact with each other, and the upper nozzle 1
It is fixed at 4.

Furthermore, a servo motor l6 connected to a six-axis NC control device 23 is vertically fixed on the right end upper surface of the electric motor seat 15 with its output shaft facing down. 16a is inserted, and the top? A cylindrical body 17 having a large diameter pulley 16b fixed to its upper end is inserted from below into the center outer periphery of the nozzle 14 via a bearing 17a, and a timing belt 16c is placed between the pulleys 16a and 16b. Further, the upper end of an adjustment tube 20 having a fine female thread on the inner periphery is fitted and fixed to the lower end of the upper nozzle 14, and the outer periphery of the upper end of this adjustment tube 20 is in contact with the inner ring of the bearing 17a. . A lower nozzle 2l having a thin external thread formed on the outer periphery is inserted from below inside the adjustment tube 20, and is fixed with a nut 21a attached to the outer periphery.

Further, on the right side of the cylinder body 17, a wire adjustment mechanism 18 is connected to the handle 18b■ and the handle 18 via a U-shaped mounting frame 18a.
b2 is installed so that it can be adjusted in the direction perpendicular to the page and in the left and right directions,
At the lower end of this wire adjustment mechanism 18, a visible light detector 19 and a wire supply nozzle 18d are installed diagonally together with a support 18b, adjusted in advance with a screw 18g, and a support l8b
A reel 18c around which a filler wire 18e is wound is attached to the right end of the reel 18c, an electric motor (not shown) is connected to the rotating shaft of this reel 18c, and the left end of the filler wire 18c is guided from a roller 18f by a wire supply nozzle 18d to a lower nozzle. It protrudes from the bottom of the 2l.

In the three-dimensional laser welding machine configured as described above, when welding by irradiating the welding line 22a of the workpiece 22 positioned on the processing table 1 with a laser beam, first, the machine is connected to an operation console (not shown). The welding work is taught in a teaching box (not shown) and stored in an operation console (not shown).

At that time, the pulley 16a, timing belt 16c, and pulley 16b are adjusted in accordance with the position of each axis of x, y, z, α, and γ, as well as the direction of movement and posture of the processing head 8.
, Wire style through cylinder l7! The position signal of the servo motor 16 that drives the wire supply nozzle 18d of the 81+1 structure 18 forward of the welding line 22a and whether or not the filler wire 18e needs to be supplied are also stored. In addition, according to the inventors' experimental results, the filler wire 18e with respect to the welding signal direction
It is sufficient that the supply angle is within ±30'' with respect to the welding line 22a.

Next, the data taught and stored in this manner is input to the NC control device 23 from an operation console (not shown) and played back once for confirmation.

At that time, the convergence point of the laser beam is detected by the filler wire 18 on the monitor television (not shown) connected to the visible light detector 19.
The teaching result of the servo motor l6 can be easily confirmed by checking whether the center of e is irradiated.

In addition, the inventors welded a butt part of 4.5 m thick mild steel plates (SPHC) using a three-dimensional laser welding machine with such a configuration, and found that even if there was a gap of 0.5 ms in the butt part, We were able to obtain a welded structure with good appearance and strength.

Other conditions are: Diameter of filler wire...0.9mm Laser light...5KV carbon dioxide laser mode is multi-mode, condensing diameter: 0.35-0.4m Shielding gas supply amount...60 Q/win Processing speed - 2 m/min.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the reel 1 of the flyer 18e
The reel 18c is provided next to the wire adjustment mechanism 18, and the wire supply nozzle 18d is bent to supply the wire to the welding area, so that the reel 8c protrudes outside the wire adjustment mechanism 18. Work with parts 22
Alternatively, you may try to avoid using jigs.

Furthermore, although the above embodiment has been explained using a three-dimensional welding machine, the processing head 8 may be attached to a three-axis operating processing machine and applied to welding a two-dimensional plane.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, according to the present invention, in a three-dimensional laser welding machine that supplies a filler wire to a three-dimensional workpiece and welds it by irradiating it with laser light, the processing head of the laser welding machine with five-axis degrees of freedom A rotatable filler wire supply device is provided coaxially with this processing head, and a drive unit is provided on the processing head to rotate the filler wire supply device, and the wire supply nozzle of the filler wire supply device is controlled by the NC control device in front of the weld line of the butt portion. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a three-dimensional laser welding machine that can easily weld a workpiece with a three-dimensional welding line.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the three-dimensional laser welding machine of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a detailed vertical cross-sectional view showing the main part of FIG.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a three-dimensional laser welding machine that performs laser welding by supplying a filler wire to a three-dimensional abutment part, a processing head of the laser welding machine with five axes of freedom is provided with a rotatable member coaxially with the processing head, and the abutment part is rotatably provided coaxially with the processing head. A three-dimensional laser welding machine, comprising: a wire supply mechanism for supplying the filler wire to the processing head; and a drive section fixed to the processing head and rotating the wire supply mechanism using an NC control device.