JPH0327604Y2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0327604Y2 JPH0327604Y2 JP8495688U JP8495688U JPH0327604Y2 JP H0327604 Y2 JPH0327604 Y2 JP H0327604Y2 JP 8495688 U JP8495688 U JP 8495688U JP 8495688 U JP8495688 U JP 8495688U JP H0327604 Y2 JPH0327604 Y2 JP H0327604Y2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- optotype
- light
- eye examination
- liquid crystal
- light source
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
Description
【考案の詳細な説明】
[産業上の利用分野]
本考案は、透過型視標を有する眼検査用視標装
置に関するものである。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to an eye examination optotype device having a transmission type optotype.
[従来の技術]
従来から、この種の眼検査装置は視力検査装置
として多用され、装置に内挿した透光性或いは不
透光性の視標を被検者に呈示して検査を行つてい
る。透光性視標を用いた場合にはその視標を照明
する方法として、視標面の背後に照明用光源を配
置する方法と、2個以上の光源を配置して視標面
を背後と観察側の両方向から照明する方法とが採
られている。そして不透光性視標の場合には、視
標面の観察側に光源を配置する方法が通常採用さ
れている。[Prior Art] Conventionally, this type of eye testing device has been widely used as a visual acuity testing device, and tests are performed by presenting a translucent or non-transparent optotype inserted into the device to a subject. There is. When a translucent optotype is used, the optotype can be illuminated by placing an illumination light source behind the optotype surface, or by arranging two or more light sources to illuminate the optotype surface behind the optotype. A method of illuminating from both directions on the observation side is adopted. In the case of non-transparent optotypes, a method is usually adopted in which a light source is placed on the observation side of the optotype surface.
視力検査のためのランドルト環等を表示するた
めの視標部材としては、従来の紙やフイルムから
液晶まで種々存在するが、正確な検査を行うため
には、被検者が行い易い視標の暗記が不可能な点
や、モータ等の機械的駆動部品を必要とせずに視
標呈示を可変とすることが可能な点において、液
晶を用いることが好適とされている。 There are a variety of optotype materials for displaying the Landolt ring for visual acuity tests, from conventional paper and film to liquid crystals, but in order to perform accurate tests, it is necessary to use optotypes that are easy for the examinee to perform. It is preferable to use liquid crystal because memorization is not possible and visual indicator presentation can be made variable without requiring mechanical drive parts such as a motor.
液晶視標としては、液晶の裏側に反射板を配置
する不透光性の反射型液晶視標と、反射板の代り
に拡散板等を置いて背後から照明する透光性の透
過型液晶視標とがあるが、反射型では視標の手前
側から照明するために、ランドルト環等の視標の
影が反射板に映り、視標が二重になつて検査に悪
影響を及ぼすので、影のできない透過型液晶視標
が好ましい。 There are two types of LCD optotypes: non-transparent reflective LCD optotypes that have a reflector on the back side of the liquid crystal display, and transmissive LCD optotypes that are illuminated from behind by placing a diffuser plate in place of the reflector. However, in the reflective type, since the light is illuminated from the front side of the target, the shadow of the target such as the Landolt ring is reflected on the reflector, making the target double and having a negative impact on the examination. Transmissive liquid crystal optotypes that cannot be used are preferred.
ところで、視力検査において重要なこととして
は、視標面の明るさが約300〜700ルクスであるこ
と・視野が広いこと・視標のコントラストが高い
こと等が挙げられる。これらの点を従来装置につ
いて検討してみると、視標面の明るさについては
適当な光源の選択によつて解決可能であり問題は
無いが、観察視野と視標のコントラストの点につ
いては未だ改良の余地が残つている。即ち、透過
型液晶を視標に用いる場合に、視野を広くするに
は大型液晶を使用して背後から照明すればよい
が、このような大型液晶を用いると装置が極めて
高価となるので優れた解決方法とは云えない。 By the way, important things in a visual acuity test include that the brightness of the optotype surface is about 300 to 700 lux, that the visual field is wide, and that the contrast of the optotype is high. When considering these points with conventional equipment, we find that the brightness of the optotype surface can be solved by selecting an appropriate light source and there is no problem, but the contrast between the observation field and the optotype remains unsolved. There is still room for improvement. In other words, when using a transmissive liquid crystal as a visual target, it is possible to widen the field of view by using a large liquid crystal and illuminating it from behind, but using such a large liquid crystal would make the device extremely expensive, so it is better I can't say it's a solution.
また、光源を視標の背後と観察側の両方に配置
した装置の場合に、観察側からの光が液晶面の視
標像を照射するため、視標のコントラストが低下
してしまうという欠点、及び光源が2個以上必要
となるという欠点が生ずる。つまり、従来装置は
透過型液晶を用いることによつて、或る程度まで
正確な検査を可能としてはいるが、視標のコント
ラスト・観察視野・製造コスト等の点で未だ十分
に満足のゆく装置であるとは云い難いのである。 In addition, in the case of a device in which the light source is placed both behind the optotype and on the observation side, the contrast of the optotype decreases because the light from the observation side illuminates the optotype image on the liquid crystal surface. Another disadvantage is that two or more light sources are required. In other words, although conventional devices are able to perform accurate inspections to a certain extent by using transmissive liquid crystals, they are still not fully satisfactory in terms of target contrast, observation field of view, manufacturing cost, etc. It is difficult to say that it is.
[考案の目的]
本考案の目的は、上述の従来装置の欠点を解消
し、小型液晶視標を使用しても広視標及び視標の
高コントラストを得ることを可能とする眼検査用
視標装置を提供することにある。[Purpose of the invention] The purpose of the invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the conventional devices described above, and to provide an eye examination optotype that makes it possible to obtain a wide optotype and high contrast of the optotype even when using a small liquid crystal optotype. The objective is to provide standard equipment.
[考案の概要]
上述の目的を達成するための本考案の要旨は、
視標を用いて眼検査を行う装置において、その周
囲に不透明の周辺枠部を設けた透過型視標と、該
視標を背後から直接又は第1の導光手段を介して
照明するための光源と、該光源からの光束の一部
を観察側から実質的に前記周辺枠部を限定して照
射するための第2の導光手段を具備することを特
徴とする眼検査用視標装置である。[Summary of the invention] The gist of the invention to achieve the above objectives is as follows:
An apparatus for performing an eye examination using an optotype, which includes a transmissive optotype provided with an opaque peripheral frame around the optotype, and a transmissive optotype for illuminating the optotype from behind directly or through a first light guiding means. An optotype device for eye examination, comprising a light source and a second light guiding means for irradiating a part of the luminous flux from the light source from the observation side while substantially limiting the peripheral frame portion. It is.
[考案の実施例]
本考案を図示の実施例に基づいて詳細に説明す
る。[Embodiments of the invention] The invention will be described in detail based on illustrated embodiments.
第1図は本考案を視力検査用視標装置に適用し
た第1の実施例を示し、被検眼Sに正対しランド
ルト環等を表示する透過型液晶視標1の斜め背後
に光源2が配置されている。液晶視標1は不透明
な枠部3で周囲を支持され、液晶視標1の背後に
導光手段として第1の反射ミラー4、観察側の斜
め上方に同様に導光手段として第2の反射ミラー
5がそれぞれ配され、液晶視標1と第1の反射ミ
ラー4との間に拡散板6が設けられ、第2の反射
ミラー5の中央部には黒色の遮光部材7が取り付
けられている。そして、第1の反射ミラー4は光
源2からの光束の一部を拡散板6に導き、第2の
反射ミラー5は光源2からの光束の一部を枠部3
に導くように配置されている。 FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an optotype device for visual acuity testing, in which a light source 2 is placed diagonally behind a transmissive liquid crystal optotype 1 that faces the subject's eye S and displays a Landolt ring, etc. has been done. The liquid crystal optotype 1 is supported around the periphery by an opaque frame 3, and behind the liquid crystal optotype 1 there is a first reflective mirror 4 as a light guiding means, and a second reflecting mirror 4 is provided diagonally above the observation side as a light guiding means. Mirrors 5 are arranged, a diffuser plate 6 is provided between the liquid crystal optotype 1 and the first reflective mirror 4, and a black light shielding member 7 is attached to the center of the second reflective mirror 5. . The first reflecting mirror 4 guides a part of the luminous flux from the light source 2 to the diffuser plate 6, and the second reflecting mirror 5 guides a part of the luminous flux from the light source 2 to the frame part 3.
It is arranged to lead to.
光源2から出射された光束は、第1の反射ミラ
ー4により反射されて上方に向い、拡散板6によ
り拡散された後に液晶視標1を背後から照明し、
被検眼Sによりランドルト環等が透過光として観
察される。一方、光源2から出射された光束のう
ち、第2の反射ミラー5の遮光部材7に到達した
光束はこの遮光部材7によつて遮ぎられ、遮光部
材7の周辺の第2の反射ミラー5上に到達した光
束が、反射ミラー5によつて反射されて枠部3を
照明し、被検眼Sにより枠部3の反射光として観
察される。 The light beam emitted from the light source 2 is reflected by the first reflecting mirror 4 and directed upward, and after being diffused by the diffuser plate 6, illuminates the liquid crystal optotype 1 from behind.
Landolt's ring and the like are observed by the eye S to be examined as transmitted light. On the other hand, among the light beams emitted from the light source 2, the light beams that reach the light shielding member 7 of the second reflective mirror 5 are blocked by the light shielding member 7, and the light flux reaching the light shielding member 7 of the second reflective mirror 5 is blocked by the light shielding member 7. The light flux that has reached the top is reflected by the reflecting mirror 5, illuminates the frame 3, and is observed by the subject's eye S as reflected light from the frame 3.
ここで、液晶視標1はランドルト環等の視標を
表示するための透過型視標によつて構成されてい
るが、透過型エレクトロクロミツク材料を用いて
も同様な結果を得ることができる。また、遮光部
材7は液晶視標1の観察側を照明する光路中に設
ければよいが、光源2が或る程度の大きさを有す
る場合には、遮光部材6を液晶視標1に近付ける
と、液晶視標1のコントラストをより高めること
ができる。なお、遮光部材7は実施例のように非
反射型の部材でなくとも、第2の反射ミラー5に
設けた開口部としてもよい。また、遮光部材7は
反射ミラー5と同じサイズとして、遮光部材7に
反射率分布を持たせて周辺の枠部3が液晶視標1
に比べて強く照明されるようにしてもよい。 Here, the liquid crystal optotype 1 is composed of a transmission-type optotype for displaying an optotype such as a Landolt ring, but similar results can be obtained by using a transmission-type electrochromic material. . The light shielding member 7 may be provided in the optical path that illuminates the observation side of the liquid crystal target 1, but if the light source 2 has a certain size, the light shielding member 6 may be placed close to the liquid crystal target 1. With this, the contrast of the liquid crystal optotype 1 can be further enhanced. Note that the light shielding member 7 does not have to be a non-reflective member as in the embodiment, but may be an opening provided in the second reflective mirror 5. The light shielding member 7 is the same size as the reflecting mirror 5, and the light shielding member 7 has a reflectance distribution so that the peripheral frame 3 is the same as the liquid crystal optotype 1.
The light may be illuminated more strongly than the .
この実施例では視標として液晶を使用するの
で、従来のように視標の暗記の防止や、駆動部品
を必要としない視標呈示を可能とし、更に透過型
視標の使用により、液晶視標の影が反射板に映る
ことによる像の不鮮明さを避け得ることは勿論の
こと、反射ミラー4,5を設けることにより光源
数を減らすことが可能となり、しかも第2の反射
ミラー5に遮光部材7を設けることによつて、液
晶視標1の周辺の枠部3のみの照明又は液晶視標
1の周辺の枠部3に、液晶視標1に対するよりも
強い照明を与えることにより、被検眼Sには液晶
視標1と共に枠部3の部分が見え、液晶視標1の
コントラストを低下させることなく視野を広げる
ことが可能となる。 In this embodiment, since a liquid crystal is used as the optotype, it is possible to prevent memorization of the optotype and display the optotype without the need for driving parts as in the past. Not only can it be possible to avoid blurring of the image due to the shadow of the reflection plate being reflected on the reflection plate, but also it is possible to reduce the number of light sources by providing the reflection mirrors 4 and 5. Moreover, it is possible to reduce the number of light sources by providing the reflection mirrors 4 and 5. 7, the subject's eye can be illuminated by illuminating only the frame 3 around the liquid crystal optotype 1 or by providing stronger illumination to the frame 3 around the liquid crystal optotype 1 than to the liquid crystal optotype 1. The frame portion 3 is visible along with the liquid crystal optotype 1 at S, making it possible to widen the field of view without reducing the contrast of the liquid crystal optotype 1.
第2図は第2の実施例を示し、第1図と同一の
符号は同一又は同等の部材を表している。ここ
で、被検眼S、液晶視標1、枠部3、拡散板6の
相互の位置関係は第1図と同様であるが、光源2
は観察光軸上に置かれた液晶視標1の背後に配置
され、光源2の周辺に複数本から成る光フアイバ
束8のそれぞれの一端部が配置され、光フアイバ
束8の他端部は枠部3の周辺に配置されている。
なお、光フアイバ束8の末端角度は液晶視標1を
照明しないように調節されている。 FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment, in which the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 represent the same or equivalent members. Here, the mutual positional relationship of the eye S to be examined, the liquid crystal optotype 1, the frame 3, and the diffuser plate 6 is the same as that in FIG. 1, but the light source 2
is placed behind the liquid crystal optotype 1 placed on the observation optical axis, one end of each of the optical fiber bundles 8 consisting of a plurality of fibers is placed around the light source 2, and the other end of the optical fiber bundle 8 is placed behind the liquid crystal optotype 1 placed on the observation optical axis. It is arranged around the frame part 3.
Note that the end angle of the optical fiber bundle 8 is adjusted so as not to illuminate the liquid crystal optotype 1.
このようにして、光源2からの光束は拡散板6
を介して液晶視標1を照明すると共に、光フアイ
バ束8により上方に導かれ枠部3を照明する。こ
の第2の実施例も先の実施例と同様な効果が得ら
れ、被検眼Sは高いコントラストと広い視野によ
り液晶視標1を観察することができる。 In this way, the light flux from the light source 2 is transmitted to the diffuser plate 6.
The liquid crystal optotype 1 is illuminated through the optical fiber bundle 8, and the frame portion 3 guided upward by the optical fiber bundle 8 is illuminated. This second embodiment also provides the same effects as the previous embodiment, and the eye S to be examined can observe the liquid crystal optotype 1 with high contrast and a wide field of view.
[考案の効果]
以上説明したように本考案に係る眼検査用視標
装置は、反射ミラーや光フアイバ等の導光手段を
介して1個の光源から光束を複数方向に導き、視
標の背後及び観察側の両方向から照明し、しかも
観察側の導光手段として一部遮光機能を有する反
射ミラー或いは光フアイバ等を使用することによ
り、視標の周辺枠部を視標部に比べて強く照明
し、視標のコントラストを低下させることなく広
視野を確保することができ、液晶視標を小型のま
まで、より高精度の検査を可能とする利点を有し
ている。[Effects of the invention] As explained above, the optotype device for eye examination according to the present invention guides a light beam from one light source in multiple directions through a light guiding means such as a reflective mirror or an optical fiber. By illuminating from both the back and the observation side, and using a reflective mirror or optical fiber with a partial light-shielding function as a light guiding means on the observation side, the peripheral frame of the optotype can be illuminated more strongly than the optotype. It has the advantage of being able to illuminate and secure a wide field of view without reducing the contrast of the optotype, making it possible to perform higher-precision inspections while keeping the liquid crystal optotype small.
図面は本考案に係る眼検査用視標装置の実施例
を示すものであり、第1図は第1の実施例の要部
斜視図、第2図は第2の実施例の要部斜視図であ
る。
符号1は透過型液晶視標、2は光源、3は枠
部、4,5は反射ミラー、6は拡散板、7は遮光
部材、8は光フアイバ束、Sは被検眼である。
The drawings show an embodiment of the optotype device for eye examination according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the main part of the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the main part of the second embodiment. It is. Reference numeral 1 is a transmission type liquid crystal optotype, 2 is a light source, 3 is a frame portion, 4 and 5 are reflective mirrors, 6 is a diffuser plate, 7 is a light shielding member, 8 is an optical fiber bundle, and S is an eye to be examined.
Claims (1)
の周囲に不透明の周辺枠部を設けた透過型視標
と、該視標を背後から直接又は第1の導光手段
を介して照明するための光源と、該光源からの
光束の一部を観察側から実質的に前記周辺枠部
を限定して照射するための第2の導光手段を具
備することを特徴とする眼検査用視標装置。 2 前記視標を透過型液晶とした実用新案登録請
求の範囲第1項に記載の眼検査用視標装置。 3 前記視標を透過型エレクトロクロミツク材料
とした実用新案登録請求の範囲第1項に記載の
眼検査用視標装置。 4 前記第1の導光手段を前記視標の背後に設け
た反射ミラーとした実用新案登録請求の範囲第
1項に記載の眼検査用視標装置。 5 前記第2の導光手段を前記視標の観察側に設
けた反射ミラーとした実用新案登録請求の範囲
第1項に記載の眼検査用視標装置。 6 前記反射ミラーは前記視標を照明しないよう
に一部遮光機能を有するようにした実用新案登
録請求の範囲第5項に記載の眼検査用視標装
置。 7 前記第2の導光手段を複数本の光フアイバと
した実用新案登録請求の範囲第1項に記載の眼
検査用視標装置。[Claims for Utility Model Registration] 1. A device for performing an eye examination using an optotype, including a transmissive optotype having an opaque peripheral frame around the optotype, and a transmissive optotype provided with an opaque peripheral frame, and the optotype being directly or A light source for illuminating through a light means, and a second light guiding means for irradiating a part of the luminous flux from the light source from the viewing side while substantially limiting the peripheral frame. Characteristic optotype device for eye examination. 2. The optotype device for eye examination according to claim 1, wherein the optotype is a transmissive liquid crystal. 3. The optotype device for eye examination according to claim 1, wherein the optotype is made of a transmission type electrochromic material. 4. The optotype device for eye examination according to claim 1, wherein the first light guide means is a reflecting mirror provided behind the optotype. 5. The optotype device for eye examination according to claim 1, wherein the second light guide means is a reflecting mirror provided on the viewing side of the optotype. 6. The optotype device for eye examination according to claim 5, wherein the reflecting mirror has a partial light shielding function so as not to illuminate the optotype. 7. The optotype device for eye examination according to claim 1, wherein the second light guide means is a plurality of optical fibers.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8495688U JPH0327604Y2 (en) | 1988-06-27 | 1988-06-27 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP8495688U JPH0327604Y2 (en) | 1988-06-27 | 1988-06-27 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS6417207U JPS6417207U (en) | 1989-01-27 |
JPH0327604Y2 true JPH0327604Y2 (en) | 1991-06-14 |
Family
ID=31309637
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP8495688U Expired JPH0327604Y2 (en) | 1988-06-27 | 1988-06-27 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH0327604Y2 (en) |
-
1988
- 1988-06-27 JP JP8495688U patent/JPH0327604Y2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS6417207U (en) | 1989-01-27 |
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