JPH03274683A - Simple air battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To get a simple air battery which is portable and easy in assembling by constituting it out of a zinc plate and a bellow type of flat-case-like electrolytic bath made of insulating material, to which a gas diffusing electrode sheet where a reaction layer and a gas diffusing layer are junctioned is attached. CONSTITUTION:An electrolyte vessel 1 is made in flat case shape out of bellows type front and rear both side pieces 8 and 8' made of insulating materials, a bottom piece 9, and right and left both side pieces 7 and 7', wherein gas diffusing electrode sheets 4 where reacting layers 2 which consist of polyethylene tetrafluoride, hydrophilic carbon black, and hydrophobic carbon black and further bears a platinum catalyst and gas diffusing layers 3 which consist of polyethylene tetrafluoride and hydrophobic carbon black are junctioned and further copper meshes are stuck as collectors are put with the reaction layers inside and further lead wires 6 fitted with terminals 5 are attached. A lead wire 12 fitted with a terminal lead is attached to a zinc plate 10, which is to be inserted into the electrolytic bath 1. For the simple air battery, which is constituted of the electrolytic bath 1 and the zinc plate 10, the electrolytic bath 1 is folded during custody and carriage, and it can be used by assembling it and filling it with brine at the time of use.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a simple air battery suitable for use in emergencies such as disasters, portable use for mountain climbing, outdoor life, etc., and for charging batteries in automobiles and the like.

(Prior art) Batteries for the above-mentioned applications have conventionally included dry batteries and storage batteries, but these are bulky to store and heavy to carry, and must be kept away from moisture to prevent corrosion, making storage and storage difficult. Care must be taken when carrying it. Also, if it is left exposed to air for a long period of time, it may gradually discharge and become unusable.

Therefore, the present invention is not bulky to store, light to carry,
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple air battery that does not cause corrosion or discharge and can generate current by assembling and setting it during use.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A simple air battery of the present invention for solving the above problems is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, hydrophilic carbon black, and hydrophobic carbon black, and further comprises a catalyst supported. A gas diffusion electrode sheet, in which a reaction layer and a gas diffusion layer made of polytetrafluoroethylene and hydrophobic carbon black are bonded, has left and right side pieces with the reaction layer inside and lead wires with terminals attached, and an insulating material. A flat cylindrical electrolytic cell made of bellows-shaped front and rear pieces and a bottom piece, and a zinc plate, a zinc alloy plate, an aluminum plate, or an aluminum alloy plate, each having a lead wire with a terminal to be inserted into the electrolytic cell. It is composed of two parts.

(Function) A simple air battery composed of an electrolytic cell with the above structure, a zinc plate, a zinc alloy plate, an aluminum plate, and an aluminum alloy plate is usually made of a bellows-shaped electrolytic cell with the front and back sides and the bottom piece folded into a plate shape. It is compactly packed in a plastic bag together with a zinc plate, zinc alloy plate, aluminum plate, or aluminum alloy plate with lead wires with terminals, so it is not bulky to store and is easy to carry. It is extremely light and convenient, and there is no corrosion or discharge. During a disaster,
When using it for mountain climbing, outdoor life, or even when charging the battery of a car, etc., take it out of the plastic bag, fold the electrolytic cell into a plate shape, and make it into a flat cylinder. A cylindrical electrolytic cell is filled with a saline solution made from the salt carried in the plastic bag and locally procured water as an electrolyte, and a zinc plate having a lead wire with a terminal that serves as fuel is placed in the electrolyte. , a zinc alloy plate, an aluminum plate, or an aluminum alloy plate is immersed and set as a cathode, and the lead wires with terminals are connected to form an external circuit. In this way, the electrolyte penetrates into the reaction layer of the gas diffusion electrode sheet, which is the anode on both the left and right sides of the electrolytic cell, and comes into contact with the catalyst, while air (oxygen) is supplied from the gas diffusion layer, and the reaction layer It permeates through and diffuses into the electrolyte, reaches the surface of the catalyst, where electrons are exchanged, and the cathode, which is the fuel, reacts with the electrolyte and is gradually dissolved and released from the fuel. The electrons pass through the external circuit and reach the gas diffusion electrode sheet, which is the anode.
Current is generated in the external circuit. Therefore, current can be extracted from an external circuit and used.

(Example) An example of the simple fuel cell of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. A 0.1 mm thick reaction layer 2 consisting of hydrophobic carbon black and further supporting a platinum catalyst, and a 0.5 mm thick reaction layer 2 consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene and hydrophobic carbon black.
left and right side pieces 7.7 to which lead wires 6 with terminals 5 are attached, with the reaction layer 2 of the gas diffusion electrode sheet 4 joined to the gas diffusion layer 3, and a copper net as a current collector pasted thereon, with the reaction layer 2 inside. ', bellows-shaped front and rear sides 8.8' and bottom piece 9 made of an insulating material, in this example rubber, to form a flat cylindrical shape. 10 is a zinc plate inserted into this electrolytic cell 1, and a lead wire 12 with a terminal 11 is attached to this zinc plate lO.

A simple air battery composed of an electrolytic cell 1 and a zinc plate 10 having the above-mentioned structure is usually constructed by folding the electrolytic cell 1 into a plate shape by folding the bellows-shaped front and rear sides 8, 8' and the bottom piece 9, as shown in FIG. Since the zinc plate 10 having the lead wire 12 with the terminal 11 is housed in a plastic bag (not shown) and compacted, it does not take up much space to store and is very light and convenient to carry. No corrosion or discharge.

When using in the event of a disaster, mountain climbing, outdoor activities, or even when charging the battery of a car, etc., the electrolytic cell 1 is removed from the plastic bag and folded into a plate shape.
This flat cylindrical electrolytic cell 1 is filled with a saline solution made from the salt carried in the plastic bag and locally procured water as an electrolyte. A zinc plate 10 to which a lead wire 12 with a terminal 11 serving as fuel is attached is immersed in an electrolytic solution 13 as a cathode, and the terminal 11 of the lead wire 12 is attached to the left and right sides 7.7' of the electrolytic cell l. The terminals 5 of the lead wires 6 are connected to form an external circuit 14.

In this way, the electrolytic solution 13 penetrates into the reaction layer 2 of the gas diffusion electrode sheet 4, which is an anode on both left and right sides 7'7' of the electrolytic cell l, and comes into contact with the platinum catalyst, while air flows out from the gas diffusion layer 3. Oxygen (oxygen) is supplied, permeates and diffuses into the reaction layer 2, dissolves in the electrolytic solution 13, and reaches the surface of the platinum catalyst, where electrons are exchanged and hydroxide ions are generated. IO reacts with the electrolytic solution 13 and is gradually dissolved to generate zinc ions. At the same time, electrons released from the zinc plate IO pass through the external circuit 14 and reach the gas diffusion electrode sheet 4, which is the anode. A current is generated at 14. Therefore, current can be extracted from the external circuit 14 and used.

In addition, in the above example, the electrolyte solution is saline solution, but Na
2 S Ot , N H4Cl , K Cl ,
An aqueous solution such as NaOH may also be used.

Further, in the above embodiments, the catalyst is platinum, but any catalyst other than platinum such as a platinum group metal, a platinum group oxide, a platinum group alloy, a manganese dioxide type, a phthalocyanine type oxygen reduction catalyst, etc. may be used.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG.
In step 3, the tank may be divided into two to form two tanks, and a zinc plate or the like may be inserted into each tank to double the voltage that can be drawn out.

Furthermore, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a plurality of the electrolytic cells 1 may be connected via an insulating material 15 to form air passages 16 with openings at the upper and lower ends. In that case, by connecting them in series to form an external circuit 14 as shown in FIG. 3, a high voltage current can be obtained. Further, if the external circuit 14 is formed by connecting them in parallel as shown in FIG. 4, a large current can be obtained.

(Effects of the Invention) As can be seen from the above explanation, the simple air battery of the present invention is usually folded and does not take up much space for storage, is light to carry, has no corrosion or discharge, and is easy to assemble and set when in use. Since it is possible to generate electric current by using salt water as the liquid, it is extremely useful as a battery for emergency use during disasters, for mountain climbing, for portable use during outdoor life, and for charging batteries in automobiles and the like.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an assembled perspective view of an embodiment of the simple air battery of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the folded state when not in use, and FIG.
5 through 5 are sectional views showing respective embodiments.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) A reaction layer consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, hydrophilic carbon black, and hydrophobic carbon black and further supporting a catalyst, and a gas diffusion layer consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene and hydrophobic carbon black. A flat cylindrical electrolytic cell made of left and right side pieces of the bonded gas diffusion electrode sheets with the reaction layer inside and lead wires with terminals attached, and bellows-shaped front and rear side pieces and a bottom piece made of an insulating material; , a simple air battery constructed of a zinc plate, a zinc alloy plate, an aluminum plate, or an aluminum alloy plate, each having a lead wire with a terminal to be inserted into the electrolytic cell.