JPH0327093B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0327093B2
JPH0327093B2 JP3494784A JP3494784A JPH0327093B2 JP H0327093 B2 JPH0327093 B2 JP H0327093B2 JP 3494784 A JP3494784 A JP 3494784A JP 3494784 A JP3494784 A JP 3494784A JP H0327093 B2 JPH0327093 B2 JP H0327093B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
liquid crystal
film
plastic film
crystal display
transparent conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP3494784A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS60178424A (en
Inventor
Toshuki Yoshimizu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sharp Corp
Original Assignee
Sharp Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sharp Corp filed Critical Sharp Corp
Priority to JP3494784A priority Critical patent/JPS60178424A/en
Publication of JPS60178424A publication Critical patent/JPS60178424A/en
Publication of JPH0327093B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0327093B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133305Flexible substrates, e.g. plastics, organic film
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/133345Insulating layers

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Coating Of Shaped Articles Made Of Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

〈技術分野〉 本発明は、プラスチツクフイルム基板使用の液
晶表示素子(プラスチツクフイルム液晶表示素
子)に係るものであり、特に、その下地膜に関す
るものである。 〈従来技術〉 通常の液晶表示素子は、ガラス基板上に酸化ス
ズ、酸化インジウム等から成る電極パターンを形
成し、この上に液晶を配向せしめる金属酸化膜あ
るいは有機高分子膜を形成した基板を2枚対向さ
せ、この間隙に液晶を固定保持し、周辺部をシー
ル材にて封止したものである。偏光板は、液晶表
示素子を挾持するように配置し、電気光学的特性
を付与させるものである。 第1図に上記液晶表示素子の構成を示す。図に
於いて、1は偏光板、2はガラス基板、3は電極
パターン(透明導電膜)、4は配向膜、5はシー
ル材、6は液晶である。 これに対して、プラスチツクフイルム液晶表示
素子は、ガラス基板の代わりにプラスチツクフイ
ルムを基板として使用したものである。プラスチ
ツクフイルムは、ガラスに比べ、液晶表示素子に
適用するに当たり、プラスチツクフイルム自体の
耐湿性、耐熱性、施光性、耐液晶性、耐溶剤性、
耐擦傷性の点で劣るほか、他材料との接着性、密
着性に劣るため、液晶表示素子の構成材料は上記
通常のガラス液晶表示素子と比べ異なるものが多
い。しかし、プラスチツクフイルム液晶表示素子
の構造は、ガラス液晶表示素子と基本的には差は
ない。ただ、プラスチツクフイルム液晶表示素子
においては下地膜を設けるのが普通である。これ
は、プラスチツクフイルム基板と透明導電膜との
間に形成される膜で、プラスチツクフイルムの耐
擦傷性、耐溶剤性、耐液晶性、耐湿性を向上さ
せ、又プラスチツクフイルム基板上に形成される
透明導電膜(電極パターン)との密着性を向上さ
せるものである。 第2図にプラスチツクフイルム液晶表示素子の
構成を示す。図に於いて、11は偏光板、12は
プラスチツクフイルム基板、113は下地膜、1
4は透明導電膜(電極パターン)、15は配向膜、
16はシール材、17は液晶である。 上記のような目的をもつ下地膜に対する一般的
要求としては、特に、プラスチツクフイルムの耐
擦傷性と透明導電膜の密着性を向上させるため、
硬質膜であることが要求されている。一般的な硬
質膜としては、シリコーン系のハードコーテイン
グ剤を塗布して形成されるシリコーン皮膜が多く
用いられているが、このシリコーン皮膜は、ポリ
カーボネートやアクリルのような一部の基材を除
いて、基材との密着性が弱く、プライマーと称す
る基材表面処理剤を用いて基材の表面を粗した
り、カツプリング効果を持たせたりして密着性を
向上させているのが普通である。しかし、プライ
マーを用いて密着性を向上させたとしても、例え
ば、エポキシ、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポ
リエーテルサルフオン等、多くのプラスチツクフ
イルムに対して密着性が弱く、シリコーン皮膜を
形成した、このようなプラスチツクフイルムを高
温高湿雰囲気中に放置しておくと、シリコーン皮
膜が剥離してしまうなど、液晶表示素子基板とし
ての実用に耐えることができなかつた。 プラスチツクフイルム液晶表示素子の下地膜と
しての実用に耐え得る密着性と透明導電膜の形成
に適する硬質膜を確保するために、我々は、それ
ぞれの特長を有する2つの樹脂を混合して、相互
の欠点を補うことにした。すなわち、メラミン樹
脂とアルキルアルコキシシラン、アミノアルコキ
シシラン、エポキシ変性アルコキシシランから成
る共縮合体とを混合して得られるポリマーブレン
ドをプラスチツクフイルム液晶表示素子の下地膜
としたものである。これによつて、プラスチツク
フイルム基板との密着性が向上し、又、プラスチ
ツクフイルムの耐擦傷性、耐溶剤性、耐液晶性、
耐湿性も向上した。さらに、硬質膜であるため、
下地膜上に形成される透明導電膜の形成を容易に
し、その密着性を向上させることができた。 ところが、この下地膜上に透明導電膜を形成し
た基板を高温高湿雰囲気中に放置すると、下地膜
に白化を生じたり、あるいはクラツクを生じたり
するものがあつた。又、この下地膜を有するプラ
スチツクフイルム液晶表示素子を高温高湿雰囲気
中に放置したときにも同様に白化・クラツクがみ
られた。この結果、初期で点灯が良かつたもので
も、高温高湿雰囲気中に放置した後では、透明導
電膜の一部が断線を生じるなど、液晶表示素子と
して著しい問題があつた。 〈発明の目的〉 本発明は、このような問題に鑑みなされたもの
である。すなわち、本発明は、液晶表示素子基板
として使用されるプラスチツクフイルム基板との
密着性が良く、プラスチツクフイルム自体の耐擦
傷性、耐溶剤性、耐液晶性、耐湿性を向上させ、
且つ、その上に形成される透明導電膜との密着性
の良い下地膜を有し、なおかつ、高温高湿雰囲気
中での白化及び透明導電膜の断線を防止したプラ
スチツクフイルム液晶表示素子を提供することを
目的とするものである。 〈発明の構成〉 本発明は、メラミン樹脂に、アルキルアルコキ
シシラン、アミノアルコキシシラン、エポキシ変
性アルコキシシランから成る共縮合体を混合して
得られるポリマーブレンドを、プラスチツクフイ
ルム基板の下地膜として用いたプラスチツクフイ
ルム液晶表示素子に於いて、アルキルアルコキシ
シラン、アミノアルコキシシラン、エポキシ変性
アルコキシシランから成る共縮合体の不揮発固形
分をメラミン樹脂の不揮発固形分の2分の1以下
にしたことを特徴とする。この結果、従来のプラ
スチツクフイルム基板との密着性、プラスチツク
フイルム自体の耐擦傷性、耐溶剤性、耐液晶性、
耐湿性の向上に加え、透明導電膜との密着性が良
く、且つ、高温高湿雰囲気中での白化及び透明導
電膜の断線を防止したプラスチツクフイルム液晶
表示素子が得られた。 〈実施例〉 以下、実施例を用いて説明する。 帝人化成(株)製、ブチルメチロールメラミン系コ
ーテイング剤SM−67(A液)に、勝田化工(株)製、
アルキルアルコキシシラン、アミノアルコキシシ
ラン、エポキシ変性アルコキシシラン共縮合物コ
ーテイング剤NIK COAT(手剤:触媒=100:
7)(B液)を混合させたポリマーブレンドを作
製した。このとき、ブレンド比が、不揮発固形分
で、○イA液:B液=2:9、○ロA液:B液=6:
9(2:3)、○ハA液:B液=18:9(2:1)、○

A液:B液=30:9 (10:3)の4種類のポリ
マーブレンドを作製した。プラスチツクフイルム
液晶表示素子の基板として、厚み100μmのポリ
エチレンテレフタレート、ポリカーボネート、
ポリサルフオン、ポリエーテルサルフアン、
ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、フエノキシエ
ーテル型重合体、ポリアリレート、から形成さ
れるプラスチツクフイルムを準備し、これらを充
分に洗浄脱脂したのち、上記ポリマーブレンドを
デイツピング法に塗布した。15分間の風乾後、
、、、は120℃、、、は170℃で約
3時間焼成し、硬化塗膜を形成、下地膜とした。
そして、この下地膜上に透明導電膜を形成した。 こうして下地膜と透明導電膜を形成したプラス
チツクフイルム基板の、初期と、80℃・95%R.
H.雰囲気中に24時間放置した後の、下地膜及び
透明導電膜とプラスチツクフイルム基板との密着
性をセロテープ剥離試験で調べたところ、上記4
種類のポリマーブレンドとも、プラスチツクフイ
ルムの種類にかかわりなく良好であつた(下記第
1表)。 初期と80℃・95%R.H.放置24時間後のピーリ
ングテスト結果
<Technical Field> The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element using a plastic film substrate (plastic film liquid crystal display element), and particularly to a base film thereof. <Prior art> A typical liquid crystal display element is made by forming an electrode pattern made of tin oxide, indium oxide, etc. on a glass substrate, and then forming two substrates on which a metal oxide film or an organic polymer film for orienting the liquid crystal is formed. The liquid crystal is fixedly held in the gap, and the peripheral portion is sealed with a sealing material. The polarizing plate is arranged so as to sandwich the liquid crystal display element and imparts electro-optical characteristics to the liquid crystal display element. FIG. 1 shows the structure of the liquid crystal display element. In the figure, 1 is a polarizing plate, 2 is a glass substrate, 3 is an electrode pattern (transparent conductive film), 4 is an alignment film, 5 is a sealing material, and 6 is a liquid crystal. On the other hand, a plastic film liquid crystal display element uses a plastic film as a substrate instead of a glass substrate. Compared to glass, plastic film has its own moisture resistance, heat resistance, light application properties, liquid crystal resistance, solvent resistance,
In addition to being inferior in terms of scratch resistance, they are also inferior in adhesion and adhesion to other materials, so the constituent materials of liquid crystal display elements are often different from those of the above-mentioned ordinary glass liquid crystal display elements. However, the structure of plastic film liquid crystal display elements is basically the same as that of glass liquid crystal display elements. However, in plastic film liquid crystal display elements, it is common to provide a base film. This is a film formed between a plastic film substrate and a transparent conductive film, which improves the scratch resistance, solvent resistance, liquid crystal resistance, and moisture resistance of the plastic film. This improves the adhesion with the transparent conductive film (electrode pattern). FIG. 2 shows the structure of a plastic film liquid crystal display element. In the figure, 11 is a polarizing plate, 12 is a plastic film substrate, 113 is a base film, 1
4 is a transparent conductive film (electrode pattern), 15 is an alignment film,
16 is a sealing material, and 17 is a liquid crystal. General requirements for base films with the above-mentioned purposes include, in particular, to improve the scratch resistance of plastic films and the adhesion of transparent conductive films;
It is required to be a hard membrane. As a general hard film, a silicone film formed by applying a silicone-based hard coating agent is often used. , the adhesion to the substrate is weak, and adhesion is usually improved by using a substrate surface treatment agent called a primer to roughen the surface of the substrate or create a coupling effect. . However, even if the adhesion is improved using a primer, the adhesion is weak to many plastic films such as epoxy, polyethylene terephthalate, and polyether sulfon. If the film was left in a high-temperature, high-humidity atmosphere, the silicone film would peel off, making it unsuitable for practical use as a liquid crystal display element substrate. In order to ensure adhesion that can withstand practical use as a base film for plastic film liquid crystal display elements and a hard film that is suitable for forming transparent conductive films, we mixed two resins with their respective characteristics to create a mutually effective coating. I decided to make up for the shortcomings. That is, a polymer blend obtained by mixing a melamine resin and a cocondensate consisting of an alkyl alkoxysilane, an aminoalkoxysilane, and an epoxy-modified alkoxysilane is used as the base film of a plastic film liquid crystal display element. This improves the adhesion of the plastic film to the substrate, and also improves the scratch resistance, solvent resistance, and liquid crystal resistance of the plastic film.
Moisture resistance has also been improved. Furthermore, since it is a hard membrane,
The transparent conductive film formed on the base film could be easily formed and its adhesion could be improved. However, when a substrate on which a transparent conductive film is formed is left in a high-temperature, high-humidity atmosphere, the base film sometimes whitens or cracks. Further, when a plastic film liquid crystal display element having this base film was left in a high temperature and high humidity atmosphere, similar whitening and cracking were observed. As a result, even if the device lit well in the initial stage, after being left in a high temperature, high humidity atmosphere, a portion of the transparent conductive film would break, causing serious problems as a liquid crystal display device. <Object of the Invention> The present invention has been made in view of these problems. That is, the present invention has good adhesion to a plastic film substrate used as a liquid crystal display element substrate, and improves the scratch resistance, solvent resistance, liquid crystal resistance, and moisture resistance of the plastic film itself.
Further, to provide a plastic film liquid crystal display element having a base film having good adhesion to a transparent conductive film formed thereon, and preventing whitening and disconnection of the transparent conductive film in a high temperature and high humidity atmosphere. The purpose is to <Structure of the Invention> The present invention provides a plastic film using a polymer blend obtained by mixing a melamine resin with a co-condensate consisting of an alkyl alkoxy silane, an aminoalkoxy silane, and an epoxy-modified alkoxy silane as a base film for a plastic film substrate. The film liquid crystal display device is characterized in that the nonvolatile solid content of the cocondensate consisting of alkyl alkoxysilane, aminoalkoxysilane, and epoxy-modified alkoxysilane is one-half or less of the nonvolatile solid content of the melamine resin. As a result, the adhesion with conventional plastic film substrates, the scratch resistance of the plastic film itself, solvent resistance, liquid crystal resistance,
In addition to improved moisture resistance, a plastic film liquid crystal display element was obtained which had good adhesion to the transparent conductive film and prevented whitening and disconnection of the transparent conductive film in a high temperature and high humidity atmosphere. <Example> Hereinafter, it will be explained using an example. Teijin Kasei Co., Ltd., butyl methylol melamine coating agent SM-67 (liquid A), Katsuta Kako Co., Ltd.,
Alkylalkoxysilane, aminoalkoxysilane, epoxy-modified alkoxysilane cocondensate coating agent NIK COAT (hand agent: catalyst = 100:
7) A polymer blend was prepared by mixing (Liquid B). At this time, the blend ratio is non-volatile solid content, ○B liquid A:B liquid = 2:9, ○B liquid A:B liquid = 6:
9 (2:3), ○ C A liquid: B liquid = 18:9 (2:1), ○
Four types of polymer blends were prepared: liquid A: liquid B = 30:9 (10:3). As substrates for plastic film liquid crystal display elements, 100 μm thick polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate,
polysulfone, polyether sulfone,
Plastic films made of polyether ether ketone, phenoxy ether type polymers, and polyarylates were prepared, thoroughly washed and degreased, and then the above polymer blend was applied by a dipping method. After air drying for 15 minutes,
, , , was baked at 120°C and , , was baked at 170°C for about 3 hours to form a cured coating film, which was used as a base film.
Then, a transparent conductive film was formed on this base film. In this way, the plastic film substrate on which the base film and transparent conductive film were formed was shown at 80°C and 95% R.
H. After being left in the atmosphere for 24 hours, the adhesion between the base film and transparent conductive film and the plastic film substrate was examined using cellophane tape peeling test.
All types of polymer blends performed well regardless of the type of plastic film (Table 1 below). Peeling test results at initial stage and after 24 hours at 80℃/95%RH

【表】 次に、上記7種類のプラスチツクフイルム基板
のうちで最も密着性が弱いと考えられるフエノキ
シエーテル型重合体から成るプラスチツクフイル
ム基板を、80℃・95%R.H.高温高湿雰囲気中で
400時間放置した後、同様にしてセロテープ剥離
試験を行つた。また、外観を調べた。この結果
を、次の第2表に示す。 80℃・95%R.H.放置400時間後の結果(基板は
フエノキシエーテル型重合体)
[Table] Next, a plastic film substrate made of phenoxy ether type polymer, which is considered to have the weakest adhesion among the seven types of plastic film substrates mentioned above, was placed in a high temperature, high humidity atmosphere at 80°C and 95%RH.
After leaving it for 400 hours, a cellophane tape peeling test was conducted in the same manner. We also examined the appearance. The results are shown in Table 2 below. Results after 400 hours of storage at 80℃ and 95%RH (substrate is phenoxy ether type polymer)

【表】 第2表に示すように、ポリマーブレンドのブレ
ンド比率の違いによつて、密着性、白化、クラツ
ク及び透明導電膜の剥離発生状況が異なる。これ
らの下地膜を有するプラスチツクフイルム基板を
用いて液晶表示素子を作製した後、80℃・95%
R.H.雰囲気中で240時間放置した後の点灯を調べ
たところ、○イ,○ロでは透明導電膜の一部が断線
し、正常に点灯しなかつた。一方、○ハ,○ニは正常
に点灯した。 〈発明の効果〉 以上の結果から分かるように、本発明を実施し
た下地膜を有するプラスチツクフイルム液晶表示
素子は、プラスチツクフイルム基板との密着性、
プラスチツクフイルム自体の耐擦傷性、耐溶剤
性、耐液晶性、耐湿性の向上に加え、透明導電膜
との密着性が良く、且つ高温高湿雰囲気中での白
化及び透明導電膜の断線を防止する特徴を有す
る。この結果、高品質のプラスチツクフイルム液
晶表示素子が提供できるようになつた。
[Table] As shown in Table 2, the adhesion, whitening, cracking, and peeling of the transparent conductive film differ depending on the blend ratio of the polymer blend. After producing a liquid crystal display element using a plastic film substrate having these base films, 80°C and 95%
When we investigated the lighting after being left in an RH atmosphere for 240 hours, we found that in ○A and ○B, part of the transparent conductive film was disconnected and the lights did not light up properly. On the other hand, ○ha and ○d lit up normally. <Effects of the Invention> As can be seen from the above results, the plastic film liquid crystal display element having the base film according to the present invention has excellent adhesion to the plastic film substrate,
In addition to improving the scratch resistance, solvent resistance, liquid crystal resistance, and moisture resistance of the plastic film itself, it also has good adhesion to the transparent conductive film and prevents whitening and disconnection of the transparent conductive film in high temperature and high humidity environments. It has the characteristics of As a result, it has become possible to provide high quality plastic film liquid crystal display elements.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図及び第2図は断面図である。 符号の説明、 1……偏光板、2……ガラス基
板、3……透明導電膜、4……配向膜、5……シ
ール材、6……液晶、11……偏光板、12……
プラスチツクフイルム基板、13……下地膜、1
4……透明導電膜、15……配向膜、16……シ
ール材、17……液晶。
1 and 2 are cross-sectional views. Explanation of symbols: 1...Polarizing plate, 2...Glass substrate, 3...Transparent conductive film, 4...Alignment film, 5...Sealing material, 6...Liquid crystal, 11...Polarizing plate, 12...
Plastic film substrate, 13... base film, 1
4...Transparent conductive film, 15...Alignment film, 16...Sealing material, 17...Liquid crystal.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1 プラスチツクフイルム基板使用の液晶表示素
子であつて、メラミン樹脂に、アルキルアルコキ
シシラン、アミノアルコキシシラン、エポキシ変
性アルコキシシランから成る共縮合体を混合して
得られるポリマーブレンドを上記プラスチツクフ
イルム基板の下地膜として用いた液晶表示素子に
於いて、 アルキルアルコキシシラン、アミノアルコキシ
シラン、エポキシ変性アルコキシシランから成る
上記共縮合体の不揮発固形分を上記メラミン樹脂
の不揮発固形分の2分の1以下にしたことを特徴
とする液晶表示素子。
[Claims] 1. A liquid crystal display element using a plastic film substrate, which comprises a polymer blend obtained by mixing a melamine resin with a cocondensate consisting of an alkyl alkoxysilane, an aminoalkoxysilane, and an epoxy-modified alkoxysilane. In a liquid crystal display element used as a base film for a plastic film substrate, the non-volatile solid content of the above-mentioned co-condensate consisting of alkyl alkoxysilane, aminoalkoxy silane, and epoxy-modified alkoxy silane is divided by half of the non-volatile solid content of the above-mentioned melamine resin. 1 or less.
JP3494784A 1984-02-24 1984-02-24 Liquid crystal display element Granted JPS60178424A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3494784A JPS60178424A (en) 1984-02-24 1984-02-24 Liquid crystal display element

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP3494784A JPS60178424A (en) 1984-02-24 1984-02-24 Liquid crystal display element

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS60178424A JPS60178424A (en) 1985-09-12
JPH0327093B2 true JPH0327093B2 (en) 1991-04-12

Family

ID=12428359

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP3494784A Granted JPS60178424A (en) 1984-02-24 1984-02-24 Liquid crystal display element

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS60178424A (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5464490A (en) * 1993-08-18 1995-11-07 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Process for manufacturing liquid crystal display
DE69729022T2 (en) * 1996-03-25 2005-06-09 Teijin Ltd. Coating composition, transparent electrode substrate with such a coating and liquid crystal display element with such a substrate
US5882841A (en) * 1996-12-26 1999-03-16 Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. Silver halide photographic light-sensitive material and method for processing thereof
JP4101643B2 (en) 2002-12-26 2008-06-18 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 Method for manufacturing semiconductor device
US7436050B2 (en) 2003-01-22 2008-10-14 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Semiconductor device having a flexible printed circuit
JP2004247373A (en) 2003-02-12 2004-09-02 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd Semiconductor device
JP4526771B2 (en) 2003-03-14 2010-08-18 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 Method for manufacturing semiconductor device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS60178424A (en) 1985-09-12

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