JPH03264731A - Mechanical type supercharger - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make a supercharger air quantity optimum by disconnecting/ connecting-disconnecting an acceleration gear train with respect to a pair of synchronous mechanisms of rotors via a clutch mechanism according to an engine speed range in a mechanical type supercharger formed of a pair of the rotors. CONSTITUTION:In the case an engine speed detected by a rotational detector 21 is judged to be in a low speed range by a calculator 24, an electromagnetic relay 26 is closed, an electromagnetic coil 20 for a low speed range is energized. A pressure plate 14 is attracted to an acceleration main gear 16 against a spring 15, rotation of an input shaft 12 is accelerated by the acceleration main gear 16 and a driven gear 18 so as to be transmitted to a rotation shaft 2 of a rotor 7, and thereby the rotors 6, 7 are accelerated and rotated. When the engine speed is shifted to a middle high speed range, the electromagnetic coil 20 is energized, and the pressure plate 14 is pressure-contacted to surface of a clutch disc 13 by the force of the spring 15. The rotors 6, 7 are rotated accordingly via synchronous gear 4, 5 at the decelerated speed than the above- mentioned speed.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application fields] The present invention relates to a mechanical supercharger.

[Prior art] Figure 3 shows a conventional mechanical supercharger, which
A pair of rotors 6.7, which are driven by a crankshaft (not shown) and whose respective rotational speeds are maintained at a predetermined ratio by mutually meshing synchronous gears 4.5 fitted to each rotating shaft 2.3, are mounted in a casing 8. A compressor 9 is provided in the middle of the intake passage IO of the engine 1, and by driving the compressor 9, the air 11 is compressed, and high-density air IF having a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure is supplied to the engine 1. I am trying to increase the output of l.

In conventional mechanical superchargers, in order to prevent insufficient air volume in the low engine speed range and obtain an appropriate amount of air over the entire engine rotation range, for example, the compressor 9 is used to ensure the air volume in the low engine speed range. In addition, excess air in the engine high-speed range can be released through a bypass or the like, or the mechanical supercharger can be equipped with a CV T (Contin
very Variable Transmissi
On: Continuously variable transmission) was installed to control the rotation of the compressor 9.

[Problem to be solved by the invention] However, as mentioned above, if excess air in the engine high speed range is released by bypass etc., the loss is large and leads to a decrease in fuel efficiency, while the CVT is heavy and heavy. However, it also had the disadvantage of being disadvantageous in terms of cost.

In view of these circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a mechanical supercharger that can optimize the amount of air over the entire engine rotation range without reducing fuel efficiency and suppressing increases in weight and cost. be.

[Means for Solving the Problem] A first aspect of the present invention is a pair of synchronous gears that are driven by an engine and that are fitted onto respective rotating shafts and that mesh with each other to maintain the respective rotational speeds at a predetermined ratio. In a mechanical supercharger equipped with a compressor consisting of a rotor, an input shaft driven by the engine and disposed on the same axial extension as the rotation shaft of one rotor, and an input shaft fitted to the rotation shaft of the one rotor. a clutch disc; a pressure plate externally fitted onto the input shaft so as to be pressed against the clutch disc surface via a clutch spring;
a speed-increasing main driving gear rotatably fitted on the input shaft so as to be positioned on the side opposite to the clutch disk of the pressure plate; and a speed-increasing main driving gear fitted on the rotating shaft of the other rotor so as to mesh with the speed-increasing main driving gear, The speed-increasing main driving gear is adjusted such that the gear ratio based on the number of teeth of the speed-increasing main gear is smaller than the gear ratio of the pair of synchronous gears based on the number of teeth of the synchronous gear fitted on the rotating shaft of the rotor. A speed-increasing driven gear with a smaller number of teeth, a low-speed range electromagnetic coil capable of adhering the pressure plate to the surface of the speed-increasing main driving gear against the biasing force of the clutch spring, and detecting the rotational speed of the engine. A mechanical supercharger characterized by comprising a rotation detector and a control device capable of exciting the electromagnetic coil for the low speed range in a low engine speed range based on a detection signal from the rotation detector. The second invention is a compressor comprising a pair of rotors driven by an engine and each having a rotation speed maintained at a predetermined ratio by mutually meshing synchronous gears fitted to each rotating shaft. In a mechanical supercharger, an input shaft driven by an engine and disposed on the same axis as the rotation shaft of one rotor, a clutch disk fitted to the rotation shaft of the one rotor, and the input shaft a speed increasing main driving gear rotatably fitted to the input shaft; a pressure plate externally fitted to the input shaft via a clutch spring so as to be positioned in a neutral state between the clutch disc and the speed increasing main driving gear;
The gear ratio of the pair of synchronous gears is larger than the gear ratio of the pair of synchronous gears, which is fitted on the rotating shaft of the other rotor so as to mesh with the speed-increasing main driving gear, and is fitted on the rotating shaft of the one rotor. A speed-increasing driven gear having a smaller number of teeth than the speed-increasing main driving gear so that the gear ratio based on the number of teeth of the speed-increasing main driving gear is smaller, and the pressure plate is connected to the clutch disc by resisting the elastic force of the clutch spring. An electromagnetic coil for medium to high speed range that can be attracted to the surface, an electromagnetic coil for low speed range that can make the pressure plate stick to the surface of the speed increasing main driving gear against the elastic force of the clutch spring, and a load of the engine is detected. A load detector, a rotation detector that detects the engine rotation speed, and only the electromagnetic coil for the low speed range is excited when the engine is in a low speed range when the engine is not lightly loaded based on detection signals from the load detector and the rotation detector. The present invention relates to a mechanical supercharger characterized in that it is provided with a control device capable of exciting only the electromagnetic coil for the medium and high speed range in the medium and high speed range when the engine is not lightly loaded.

[Function] In the first invention, the engine rotation speed is detected by the rotation detector, and when the engine rotation speed is in the low speed range, the low speed range electromagnetic coil is excited by the control device,
The pressure plate is attracted to the surface of the speed-increasing main driving gear against the biasing force of the clutch spring, and the rotation of the input shaft is transmitted from the pressure plate to the rotating shaft of the other rotor via the speed-increasing main driving gear and the speed-increasing driven gear. At the same time, the rotation of the rotation shaft of the other rotor is controlled by one 9 through a pair of synchronous gears.
Since the rotational speed of the input shaft is transmitted to the rotational shaft of one rotor, the rotational speed of the rotational shaft of the one rotor is lower than that in the case where the rotation of the input shaft is directly transmitted from the pressure plate to the rotational shaft of one rotor via the clutch disk. , the speed is increased by the required amount, and a sufficient amount of air is supplied to the engine.

Also, when the engine speed shifts from a low speed range to a medium-high speed range, the excitation state of the low speed range electromagnetic coil by the control device is released, and the pressure plate is pressed against the clutch disk surface by the biasing force of the clutch spring, causing the input shaft to Rotation is directly transmitted from the pressure plate to the rotation shaft of one rotor via the clutch disc, and rotation of the rotation shaft of the one rotor is transmitted to the rotation shaft of the other rotor via a pair of synchronous gears. The rotational speed of the rotating shaft of the one rotor is reduced by a required amount compared to the case where the engine is in a low speed range, so that excessive air is not supplied to the engine.

In the second invention, the load of the engine is detected by the load detector, and the rotation speed of the engine is detected by the rotation detector, and when the engine load is light, the engine speed is detected in the low speed range regardless of the engine speed. Neither the electromagnetic coil for the engine nor the electromagnetic coil for the medium/high speed range are excited, and the pressure plate is held in a neutral state between the clutch disc and the speed-increasing main gear, so the rotor is not driven and the engine is not supercharged. It won't happen.

When the engine load is not light and the engine speed is in the low speed range, the control device excites the low speed range electromagnetic coil, and the pressure plate is applied to the surface of the speed-increasing main driving gear against the elastic force of the clutch spring. The rotation of the input shaft is transmitted from the pressure plate to the rotating shaft of the other rotor via the speed-increasing main driving gear and the speed-increasing driven gear, and the rotation of the rotating shaft of the other rotor is transmitted through a pair of synchronous gears. The rotational speed of the rotational shaft of the one rotor is determined by the rotation of the input shaft being directly transmitted from the pressure plate to the rotational shaft of one rotor through the clutch disk.
Compared to the case where the air is transmitted to the rotating shaft of the other rotor, the speed is increased by the required amount, and a sufficient amount of air is supplied to the engine.

Furthermore, when the engine load is in a non-light load state and the engine speed shifts from a low speed range to a medium-high speed range, the control device de-energizes the low-speed range electromagnetic coil and excites the medium-high speed range electromagnetic coil. The pressure plate is attracted to the clutch disk surface against the elastic force of the clutch spring, and the rotation of the input shaft is directly transmitted from the pressure plate to the rotating shaft of one rotor via the clutch disk. Since the rotation of the rotating shaft is transmitted to the rotating shaft of the other rotor through a pair of synchronous gears, the rotational speed of the rotating shaft of the second rotor is reduced by the required amount compared to the case where the engine is in a low speed range, and the engine This prevents excess air from being supplied to the target.

[Example] Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the present invention, and the parts in the figure with the same reference numerals as in FIG. 3 represent the same parts.

An input shaft 12 driven by a crankshaft (not shown) of the engine l is rotatably disposed on the same axial extension as the rotation shaft 2 of one rotor 6, and is attached to the end of the rotation shaft 2 on the input shaft 12 side. A clutch disk 13 is fitted, and a pressure plate 14 is attached to the end of the input shaft 12 on the rotating shaft 2 side.
is externally fitted so as to be pressed against the surface of the clutch disk 13 via a diaphragm-type clutch spring 5, and a speed-increasing main drive gear 16 is mounted on the end of the input shaft 12 on the rotating shaft 2 side opposite to the pressure plate 14. It is rotatably inserted through a bearing 17 so as to be located on the clutch disk 13 side.

Further, the rotation 1III3 of the other rotor 7 is extended by a required amount toward the input shaft 12, and a speed-increasing driven gear 1 is attached to the end of the rotary shaft 3.
8 is fitted so as to mesh with the speed increasing main drive gear 1B. The number of teeth 24 of the speed increasing driven gear 18 is the gear ratio Z2/Z+ of the pair of synchronous gears 4.5 (Z2 is the synchronous gear 5 teeth), the gear ratio Z4/23 with the speed increasing driven gear 18 is set to be smaller by a required amount based on the number of teeth 23 of the speed increasing main driving gear 16.

Furthermore, the anti-pressure plate 1 of the speed increasing main driving gear 16
In the annular groove 19 formed on the surface of the fourth side, there is provided a low speed range electromagnetic coil 20 that can attract the pressure plate 14 to the surface of the speed-increasing main drive gear 16 against the biasing force of the clutch spring 15 when excited. a rotation detector 21 for detecting the rotation speed of the engine l; and a control device capable of exciting the electromagnetic coil 20 for the low speed range only in the low engine speed range based on the detection signal 22 from the rotation detector 21. 23 is provided.

The control device f23 receives the detection signal 22 from the rotation detector 21, compares and calculates the value of the detection signal 22 with a pre-stored setting value, and performs an operation when the value of the detection signal 22 is less than or equal to the setting value. Drive signal 2 for electromagnetic relay 26 to be described later
The electromagnetic relay 26 is provided in the middle of an electric circuit 28 connecting the electromagnetic coil 20 and a power source 27 such as a battery, and is closed by a drive signal 25 from the calculator 24.

Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be explained.

During operation, the rotation speed of the engine 1 is detected by the rotation detector 21, and the detection signal 22 is sent to the arithmetic unit 2 of the control device 23.
4, the value of the detection signal 22 is compared with a pre-stored set value in the arithmetic unit 24, and when the value of the detection signal 22 is less than the set value, that is, when the engine speed is in a low speed range, A drive signal 25 is outputted from the computing unit 24 to the electromagnetic relay 26, the electromagnetic relay 26 is closed, and the electromagnetic coil 20 for low speed range is excited.

When the low-speed range electromagnetic coil 20 is excited, the pressure brake (14) is attracted to the surface of the speed-increasing main drive gear 16 against the biasing force of the clutch spring 15, and the rotation of the input shaft 12 is transferred from the pressure plate 14 to the speed-increasing main drive gear. The rotation of the rotation shaft 3 of the rotor 7 is transmitted to the rotation shaft 3 of the rotor 7 via the gear 1B and the speed-increasing driven gear 18, and the rotation of the rotation shaft 3 of the rotor 7 is transmitted to a pair of synchronous gears 5.
．． 4 to the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6. Therefore, the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 is increased by a required amount compared to the case where the rotation of the input shaft 12 is directly transmitted from the pressure plate 14 to the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 via the clutch disc 13. Thus, a sufficient amount of air 11' is supplied to the engine 1.

Also, when the engine speed shifts from a low speed range to a medium to high speed range, the drive signal 25 that was previously output from the calculator 24
is no longer output and the electromagnetic relay 2B opens, so the excitation state of the electromagnetic coil 20 for low speed range is released, the pressure play H4 is pressed against the surface of the clutch disk 13 by the biasing force of the clutch spring 15, and the rotation of the input shaft 12 is stopped. From pressure plate 14 to clutch disc 1
3 to the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 is directly transmitted to the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 through a pair of synchronous gears 4.5.
The signal is transmitted to the rotating shaft 3 of the rotor 7 via the rotor 7. For this reason,
The rotational speed of the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 is reduced by a required amount compared to the case where the engine is in a low speed range, so that excessive air is not supplied to the engine 1.

In this way, the lack of air volume in the low engine speed range is resolved, and an appropriate amount of air can be obtained even in the mid to high engine speed range without escaping air through bypass etc., reducing losses and improving fuel efficiency. Increases in weight and cost can be suppressed compared to using a CVT.

Further, FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention,
In the figure, parts with the same reference numerals as in FIG. The ring pressure plate 14 side of the clutch disk 13 is fitted externally onto the ends of two rotating shafts, and when excited, the pressure plate 14 is moved against the elastic force of the clutch spring 15 to push the clutch disk 1
A medium/high speed range electromagnetic coil 20' that can be attracted to the surface of the engine 3 is provided, and a load detector 29 such as a torque detector for detecting the engine load is provided.

Further, detection signals 30 and 22 from the load detector 29 and rotation detector 21 are input, and the value of the detection signal 30 is compared with a pre-stored load setting value, and the value of the detection signal 30 is determined as the load value. Only when the set value is exceeded, the value of the detection signal 22 is compared with the pre-stored rotation speed setting value, and if the value of the detection signal 22 is less than the rotation speed setting value, a signal is sent to the electromagnetic relay 26. While outputting the drive signal 25,
A computing unit 24 that outputs a drive signal 25'' to an electromagnetic relay 28'', which will be described later, when the value of the detection signal 22 exceeds the rotation speed setting value, the electromagnetic coils 20, 20, and a power source 27 such as a battery. The control device 23 is composed of electromagnetic relays 26 and 26'', which are provided in the middle of the electric circuit 28 and 28 degrees connecting the two, and are connected by the drive signals 25 and 25 degrees from the arithmetic unit 24, respectively. , detection signals 30 and 2 from the load detector 29 and rotation detector 21
Based on 2, when the engine is not lightly loaded and the speed is low, only the electromagnetic coil 20 for the low speed range is excited, while when the engine is not lightly loaded and the engine is in the medium and high speed range, only the electromagnetic coil 20 for the medium and high speed range is excited. This allows it to be energized.

! In another embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the load on the engine 1 is detected by a load detector 29 and
The rotational speed is detected by the rotation detector 21, and each detection signal 30 and 22 is inputted to the computing unit 24 of the control device 23, and the computing unit 24 compares the value of the detection signal 30 with a pre-stored load setting value. is compared and calculated and the value of the detection signal 30 is less than the load setting value, that is, when the engine load is light, the drive signal 25, 25° is not output and the electromagnetic relays 26 and 26° are open, so the electromagnetic coil 20 for low speed range and the electromagnetic coil 20' for medium and high speed range.
are not excited, and the pressure plate 14 is held in a neutral state between the clutch disk 13 and the speed-increasing main drive gear 16. Therefore, the rotor 6.7 is not driven and the engine l is not supercharged.

When the value of the detection signal 30 exceeds the load setting value and the engine is in a load or non-light load state, the value of the detection signal 22 and a pre-stored rotation speed setting value are compared and calculated in the arithmetic unit 24. , when the value of the detection signal 22 is less than the set value, that is, when the engine speed is in the low speed range, the arithmetic unit 24
The drive signal 25 is outputted to the electromagnetic relay 26, the electromagnetic relay 26 is closed, the low-speed other electromagnetic coil 20 is energized, and the pressure plate 14 is applied to the surface of the speed-increasing main drive gear 16 against the elastic force of the clutch spring 15. The rotation of the input shaft 12 is transmitted from the pressure plate 14 to the rotating shaft 3 of the rotor 7 via the speed-increasing main driving gear 16 and the speed-increasing driven gear 18, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 3 of the rotor 7 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 3 of the rotor 7. The signal is transmitted to the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 via the synchronous gears 5 and 4. Therefore, the rotation speed of the rotation shaft 2 of the rotor 6 is determined by the rotation of the input shaft 12 being directly transmitted from the pressure plate 14 to the rotation shaft 2 of the rotor 6 via the clutch disk 13.
The speed is increased by the required amount compared to the case where the engine 1
A sufficient amount of air 11' is supplied.

Further, when the engine load is in a non-light load state and the engine speed shifts from a low speed range to a medium-high speed range, the drive signal 25 that was previously output from the computing unit 24 is no longer output, and the electromagnetic relay 26 opens. Since the drive signal 25° is output from the computing unit 24 and the electromagnetic relay 26° is closed, the excitation state of the electromagnetic coil 20 for the low speed range is released and the electromagnetic coil 20° for the medium and high speed range is excited, and the elasticity of the clutch spring 15 is reduced. The pressure plate 14 is attracted to the surface of the clutch disk 13 against the force, and the rotation of the input shaft 12 is directly transmitted from the pressure plate 14 to the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 via the clutch disk 13, and the rotation of the rotor 6 is Rotation of the shaft 2 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 3 of the rotor 7 via a pair of synchronous gears 4 and 5. Therefore, the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 2 of the rotor 6 is reduced by a required amount compared to the case where the engine is in a low speed range, and air is not excessively supplied to the engine l.

In this way, in the case of the other embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 6.7 is not driven and supercharging is not performed when the engine is lightly loaded, so it is possible to reduce driving loss due to an excessive amount of air when the engine is lightly loaded. This eliminates the problem of insufficient air volume in the low engine speed range when the engine is not lightly loaded, and provides an appropriate amount of air in the mid to high speed range of the engine when the engine is not lightly loaded, without having to let air escape through bypass, etc. This reduces loss and improves fuel efficiency, while also suppressing increases in weight and cost compared to using a CVT.

It should be noted that the mechanical supercharger of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the mechanical supercharger of the first and second aspects of the present invention, it is possible to reduce fuel consumption and increase engine speed while suppressing increases in weight and cost. The amount of air can be optimized over the entire area, and furthermore, the mechanical supercharger of the second invention has the excellent effect of reducing driving loss due to excessive air amount when the engine is lightly loaded. obtain.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a conventional example. l is the engine, 2 and 3 are the rotating shafts, 4.5 is the synchronous gear, 6
．． 7 is the rotor, 9 is the compressor, 12 is the input reason, 1
3 is a clutch disc, 14 is a pressure plate, 1
5 is a clutch spring, 16 is a speed-increasing main driving gear, 18 is a speed-increasing driven gear, 20 is an electromagnetic coil for low speed range, 20° is an electromagnetic coil for medium and high speed range, 21 is a rotation detector, 22 is a detection signal, 23 is a A control device, 29 a load detector, and 30 a detection signal. Patent applicant Hino Motors Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1) A mechanical compressor equipped with a compressor that is driven by an engine and consists of a pair of rotors whose rotational speeds are maintained at a predetermined ratio by mutually meshing synchronous gears fitted to each rotating shaft. In the feeder, an input shaft driven by an engine and disposed on the same axis as the rotation shaft of one rotor, a clutch disk fitted to the rotation shaft of the one rotor, and a clutch spring attached to the input shaft. a pressure plate fitted externally so as to be pressed against the clutch disk surface via a pressure plate; a speed-increasing main driving gear rotatably fitted to the input shaft so as to be positioned on the side opposite to the clutch disk of the pressure plate; The gear ratio of the pair of synchronous gears is determined based on the number of teeth of the synchronous gear fitted to the rotating shaft of the rotor so as to mesh with the speed increasing main driving gear, and is fitted to the rotating shaft of the one rotor. a speed-increasing driven gear having a smaller number of teeth than the speed-increasing main driving gear so that the gear ratio based on the number of teeth of the gear is small; A low-speed range electromagnetic coil that can be attracted to a surface, a rotation detector that detects the engine rotation speed, and a control that can excite the low-speed range electromagnetic coil only in the low engine speed range based on a detection signal from the rotation detector. A mechanical supercharger characterized by being equipped with a device. 2) In a mechanical supercharger equipped with a compressor consisting of a pair of rotors that are driven by an engine and whose rotational speeds are maintained at a predetermined ratio by mutually meshing synchronous gears fitted to each rotating shaft, an input shaft that is driven and disposed on the same axial extension as the rotation axis of one of the rotors; a clutch disk that is fitted on the rotation axis of the one rotor; and an extension that is rotatably fitted on the input shaft. a pressure plate externally fitted to the input shaft via a clutch spring so as to be positioned in a neutral state between the clutch disc and the speed increasing main driving gear, and the speed increasing main driving gear on the rotating shaft of the other rotor. A gear ratio based on the number of teeth of the speed-increasing main driving gear than a gear ratio of the pair of synchronous gears based on the number of teeth of the synchronous gear fitted to the rotating shaft of the one rotor. a speed-increasing driven gear having a smaller number of teeth than the speed-increasing main driving gear so that , a low-speed range electromagnetic coil capable of adhering the pressure plate to the surface of the speed-increasing main driving gear against the elastic force of the clutch spring; a load detector for detecting engine load; and a load detector for detecting engine rotation speed. Based on the detection signals from the rotation detector, the load detector and the rotation detector, only the electromagnetic coil for the low speed range is energized when the engine is in a low speed range when the engine is not lightly loaded; A mechanical supercharger comprising: a control device capable of energizing only the electromagnetic coil for medium and high speed ranges.