JPH0323720B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for operating a new shield excavator used in the shield construction method, and in particular, segment assembly and excavation can be carried out at the same time, and the excavation speed can be improved as much as possible. Concerning how to operate a shield tunneling machine.

The shield method is used to excavate tunnels in especially soft soil by inserting a pipe somewhat larger than the tunnel's outer diameter into the soil that is about to collapse and flow, and safely excavating while preventing collapse inside. A construction method that easily constructs a tunnel in soft soil by performing construction work and lining work,
Shield tunneling machines play an important role.

Conventionally, as shown in Fig. 1, this shield excavator has a shield jack 3 disposed on the inner periphery of a shield frame 1 to propel the shield frame 1 by taking a reaction force to the existing segments 2. Excavate the front face surface with the cutter 4 while extending the cutter 3, and stop the excavation after digging one ring of the segment. Then, the expanded shield jack 3 is contracted, and the newly installed segment is carried in and assembled by the erector 5 into the gap formed by this contraction, and after the assembly is completed, excavation is started again.

However, it is clear that it is not possible to improve the excavation speed with such intermittent excavation, and even if you try to assemble it at the same time as excavation with this configuration, the stroke of the shield jack 3 will be 1.
If there is only the ring, if you try to extend the shield jack 3 at the corresponding location in order to take the reaction force to the newly installed segment and propel the shield frame 1,
The shield jack 3, which had been stretched out and in contact with the existing segment, separated and could no longer absorb the reaction force, causing the overall pressure balance to collapse, making simultaneous construction impossible.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 2, the shield jack 3
Simultaneous assembly of segments is theoretically possible if the stroke of a is made equal to or more than 2 rings, but as a practical matter, if the shield jack stroke is made equal to 2 rings, the length of the shield machine becomes extremely long. However, the maneuverability of the machine deteriorated or the size of the starting shaft had to be made larger than before, making it particularly difficult to construct curves, making simultaneous assembly almost impossible.

On the other hand, in order to suppress the shield jacking stroke, it is possible to adopt a method with a sophisticated segment shape such as a hexagonal segment method, but this will cause new problems such as an increase in segment shape at curved parts and segment production costs. In the end, it was not possible to carry out excavation and assembly at the same time.

Therefore, in view of the problems with conventional shield tunneling machines, the present inventors have devised the present invention in order to effectively solve the problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a shield excavation machine that allows simultaneous construction of face excavation propulsion and segment assembly work and that can significantly improve excavation speed and excavation efficiency. be.

The gist of the present invention for achieving the above objects is as follows:
The shield frame has a telescopic overlapping structure consisting of a front cylinder and a rear cylinder, and a plurality of propulsion jacks and reaction force receiving jacks are installed alternately in the circumferential direction within this expandable shield frame, and the propulsion jacks are attached to the shield. In order to extend the frame, the reaction force is taken by the rear cylinder and propelled by the front cylinder, directly contributing to the excavation.While the front cylinder is digging, the reaction force receiving jack is used to push against the existing segment and push the front cylinder forward. While supporting the face reaction force, a part of the jack is sequentially contracted in the circumferential direction, and one piece of the new segment is inserted into the gap opened by this contraction, and the other reaction force receiving jack is inserted into the existing segment in an extended state. By continuing to absorb the reaction force and repeating this process alternately, segment assembly is carried out at the same time as excavation, and when the assembly of one ring is completed and all the reaction force receiving jacks have contracted, they are extended and protruded during the excavation process. By contracting the tensioned propulsion jack and extending the reaction force receiving jack into the newly installed segment,
The shield frame is compressed by pushing the rear cylinder into the front cylinder without releasing the face pressing force of the front cylinder, and the construction is such that excavation and segment assembly are performed simultaneously during the expansion and contraction movement of the shield frame. .

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A preferred embodiment of a method for operating a shield tunneling machine according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 3, 7 is a cylindrical front shield frame that is propelled toward the face side, and a cutter 8 is rotatably attached to the front surface of the frame. A cylindrical rear shield frame 9 is partially inserted into the rear part of the front shield frame 7 so as to be freely slidable in the axial direction, and the insertion portion is connected to a joint provided at the rear end of the front shield frame 7. It is internally polymerized through the seal 10, and the non-inserted part is the front shield frame 7.
It has been enlarged to have the same diameter. This enlargement is required in the case where the diameter of the tunnel excavated with the diameter of the front shield frame 7 is to be maintained also at the rear.

Further, a tail seal 12 is provided at the rear end of the rear shield frame 9 to prevent water leakage from entering through a gap between the rear shield frame 9 and the segment 11 assembled in a ring shape along the inner circumferential direction of the frame.
Together with the joint seal 10 of the front shield frame 7, the sealing performance of both shield frames is ensured.

A plurality of propulsion jacks 13 and reaction force receiving jacks 14 are disposed along the inner circumferential surfaces of the front shield frame 7 and the rear shield frame 9, respectively, with their operating directions directed toward the frame axis. To be precise, this arrangement is such that the same number of devices are lined up alternately on concentric circles as shown in FIG. 4, so that the space in the center can be used effectively.

The propulsion jack 13 has its pushing end fixedly attached to an annular mounting plate 15 integrally protruding from the inner periphery of the front shield frame 7, and its pulling end attached to the rod 1.
6 is provided so as to come into contact with a contact plate 17 integrally provided on the inner periphery of the rear shield frame 9, and a reaction force is applied to the corresponding contact plate, that is, the rear shield frame 9, and the front shield frame 7 is pushed out from the overlapping part. , so that its front side is propelled toward the face.

The reaction force receiving jack 14 has its pushing end fixed to an annular mounting plate 18 that is bent and formed integrally with the inner periphery of the front end of the rear shield frame 9, and the rod 19 at its pulling end is attached to the rear shield frame 9. It is provided so as to come into contact with a ring-shaped segment 11 assembled within the rear end, and the reaction force is taken by this segment 11 to draw the rear shield frame 9 to the front shield frame 7 and cause them to overlap deeply.

Both jacks 13 and 14 are connected to two types of circuits: a normal hydraulic circuit that operates them independently, and a reset circuit that operates them together, and can be connected to various circuits depending on the purpose of use. It is now ready for operation. FIG. 5 shows the reset circuit 20 of these circuits. That is, the oil supply circuit 21 that supplies oil from the outside at a predetermined pressure P is connected to the pull side oil supply port of the propulsion jack 13, and between the push side oil supply port and the push side oil supply port of the reaction force receiving jack 14. Connection circuit 22 connecting these
is provided. In addition, the reaction force receiving jack 14
The pull side fuel filler port is connected to the tank port 23. Then, by supplying oil to the pull side oil supply port of the propulsion jack 13, the rod 16 is contracted, and due to this contraction, the hydraulic oil in the push side cylinder is moved through the connection circuit 22 into the push side cylinder of the reaction force receiving jack 14, The rod 19 is configured to be extended. In the figure, the contact plate 17 is held between both jacks. In addition, 24 in FIG. 3 is an erector, which is installed via a rotating roller 25 provided in the rear shield frame 9, and rotates at a required angle in the circumferential direction to assemble a newly installed segment piece. It is configured.

A method of operating the present shield tunneling machine having the above configuration will be explained based on FIGS. 3 to 8.

FIG. 3 shows the initial state, which is a transient state in which all the propulsion jacks 13 are contracted and all the reaction force receiving jacks 14 are fully extended. The state shifts from this state to the state shown in Fig. 6, and simultaneous construction of excavation and segment assembly begins. That is, at the rear end of the rear shield frame 9, new segment pieces are sequentially assembled into a ring shape in the gap 26 formed between the existing segment 11 and the reaction force receiving jack 14 when the jack is contracted. The front shield frame 7 is propelled to excavate the face.

Since one ring of the segment 11 is divided into several parts in the circumferential direction, as shown in FIG. Reaction force receiving jack 14 corresponding to the position of
is contracted, but all of the other reaction force receiving jacks 14 in other positions are extended and come into contact with the existing segments 11, so that the rear shield frame 9 is stretched to prevent it from retreating rearward. Above 1 piece 27
When the piece 27 is assembled and set, the reaction force receiving jack 14 corresponding to this position is slightly extended.
This is done in such a way that the reaction force received from the existing segment 11 of the other reaction force receiving jack 14 is balanced. Subsequently, the remaining reaction force receiving jacks 14 are sequentially contracted in the circumferential direction, and the newly installed segment pieces are assembled into a ring shape.

During this assembly operation, all of the propulsion jacks 13 extend their rods 16 into contact with the contact plate 17 of the rear shield frame 9, and move the front shield frame 7 toward the face side while taking a reaction force to the rear shield frame 9. Drill the extrusion face. That is, the existing segment 11 is moved by the reaction force receiving jack 14.
In addition to taking a reaction force to the rear shield frame 9, the reaction force is further applied to the rear shield frame 9 to extend the propulsion jack 13, thereby pushing the front shield frame 7 toward the face side.

Therefore, the front shield frame 7 can be propelled using the rear shield frame 9 as a foothold in combination with the segment assembly work by sequentially contracting the reaction force receiving jack 14, so that continuous excavation is possible. Moreover, even if the front shield frame 7 moves toward the face side due to this continuous excavation, the erector 24 is installed on the rear shield frame 9, so segment assembly is required without being affected by the movement at all. Since it has a mechanism that stops at a certain point, there is no hindrance to the segment assembly work and construction work can be carried out simultaneously. In addition, in the conventional type, the erector 5 is directly installed on the shield frame 1, which is inconvenient for simultaneous assembly.

FIG. 7 shows a state in which the assembly of one ring of the newly installed segment 28 has been completed, with all the propulsion jacks 13 extended and, conversely, all the reaction force receiving jacks 14 retracted. That is, the figure shows a state in which one ring of newly installed segments 28 has been assembled into the rear shield frame 9 while the front shield frame 7 has dug one ring. From this state, the shield tunneling machine is reset to the initial state shown in FIG. 3 via the state shown in FIG. This means that you can do it without dropping it. To explain this reset operation, the operation of the reset circuit 20 causes the propulsion jack 13 to contract, and conversely, the reaction force receiving jack 14 to expand. Therefore, when the cylinder diameters of both jacks 13 and 14 are the same and the reaction side of each jack 13 and 14 is restrained by a constant force, the two jacks 1
The contact plate 17, that is, the rear shield frame 9, which is equivalently sandwiched between the rear shield frame 9 and the rear shield frame 9, moves toward the front shield frame 7. At this time, the total length L of the propulsion jack 13 and the reaction force receiving jack 14 is constant regardless of the movement of the rear shield frame 9. Further, the face-side reaction force that the front cutter 8 of the front shield frame 7 receives becomes equal to the segment-side reaction force at the rear end of the rear shield frame 9 through the same hydraulic pressure on the jack pushing side. When the propulsion jack 13 is completely contracted and the reaction force receiving jack 14 is fully extended in place of this contraction, the system returns to the initial state shown in FIG. 3.

Therefore, by operating the reset circuit 20, the rear shield frame 9 can be moved toward the face without reducing the supporting force of the front face of the shield tunneling machine. This means that excavation can continue even during the reset operation.

As described above, the number of jacks and the cylinder diameter (hydraulic oil pressure receiving area) of each of the propulsion jack 13 and the reaction force receiving jack 14 are the same, and the propulsion jack 13 and the reaction force receiving jack 1 are opposite to each other.
By configuring a hydraulic reset circuit that connects the jack pushing side oil supply port of No. 4, it is possible to simultaneously assemble and reset the segments 11 without releasing the pushing force of the pushing face while excavating the face. This ability to perform simultaneous operations is extremely effective, especially for shield machines that are used in soils where face earth pressure cannot be released, such as closed machine excavators or blind shield machines.

On the other hand, in the case of a hand-dug shield, etc. whose face is self-supporting, unlike a machine-dug shield, the above function is not necessarily required, but even with a hand-dug shield, etc., it is possible to assemble the segments at the rear at the same time as digging the face. The present invention is useful because it allows the following.

In the above embodiment, the propulsion jack 13 was attached to the front shield frame 7 with its rod 16 facing the abutment plate 17 to take a reaction force.
As shown in the figure, it can be attached to the abutment plate 17 of the rear shield frame 9, and the rod 16 can be reversed so as to take the reaction force from the front shield frame. In this case, the reset circuit 20 may be the same as that in the above embodiment, as shown in the figure.

In addition, in the above explanation, the non-overlapping part of the rear shield frame 9 is enlarged to have the same diameter as the front shield frame 7, but it is not necessarily necessary to enlarge it, and as shown in FIG. may have a uniform diameter over the entire length.

In summary, the present invention exhibits the following excellent effects.

(1) While the front frame is propelled by the propulsion jack to excavate the face, multiple reaction force receiving jacks are sequentially contracted to take up the reaction force on the existing segments and assemble the segments into a ring shape. , excavation of the face can be carried out simultaneously with segment assembly work, greatly improving excavation efficiency. Moreover, once the segments are assembled into a ring shape, the push side pressure chambers of the propulsion jack and reaction force receiving jack are communicated, and pressure is applied to the pull side pressure chamber of the propulsion jack, causing the propulsion jack to contract and receive the reaction force. In order to return the jack to the initial state where it is extended, the rear frame is moved forward while maintaining the distance from the front end of the shield tunneling machine to the rear end of the reaction force receiving jack, that is, without reducing the supporting force of the face. can be moved to the frame side.

(2) Therefore, since continuous excavation can be performed, the actual excavation distance can be increased even if the required excavation speed is kept low compared to the conventional intermittent excavation method, and the power required for excavation can be reduced. .

(3) Furthermore, in the case of shield construction methods that employ slurry conveyance methods such as muddy water and muddying methods, continuous treatment can be performed instead of intermittent treatment, so the capacity of above-ground muddy water treatment plants can be improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional shield tunneling machine.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a conventional shield tunneling machine with its jack stroke doubled, and FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the shield tunneling machine according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the - line in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a hydraulic circuit diagram for interlocking the propulsion jack and reaction force receiving jack according to the present invention, and FIGS. 6 to 8 are shields according to the present invention. An explanatory diagram of the operation of the upper half of the excavator, Fig. 9 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing another embodiment in which the propulsion jack and the reaction force receiving jack according to the present invention are linked, and Fig. 10 is the rear part of the shield excavator. FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper half of another embodiment of the shield frame. In the figure, 7 is a front shield frame, 8 is a cutter, 9 is a rear shield frame, 11 is an existing segment, 13 is a propulsion jack, 14 is a reaction force receiving jack, 26 is a gap, and 28 is a newly installed segment.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rear shield frame with an erector is slidably fitted to the rear of a front shield frame with a cutter on the front, a propulsion jack is provided between the front and rear frames, and a rear shield frame is installed on the inner periphery of the rear frame against the existing segment. In the method of operating a shield tunneling machine equipped with multiple reaction force receiving jacks that take force,
From the initial state in which the propulsion jack is contracted and all the reaction jacks are extended, one of the multiple reaction jacks is A new segment piece is inserted into the gap formed between the segment and the existing segment by an erector, and a reaction force is applied to the piece, and this operation is then repeated sequentially on other reaction force receiving jacks. After assembling the segments into a ring shape, the push side pressure chambers of the propulsion jack and reaction force receiving jack are communicated, and pressure is applied to the pull side pressure chamber of the propulsion jack to return these jacks to the above-mentioned initial state. How to operate a shield tunneling machine.