JPH03230070A - Method of manufacturing artificial snow - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing artificial snowInfo
- Publication number
- JPH03230070A JPH03230070A JP2024067A JP2406790A JPH03230070A JP H03230070 A JPH03230070 A JP H03230070A JP 2024067 A JP2024067 A JP 2024067A JP 2406790 A JP2406790 A JP 2406790A JP H03230070 A JPH03230070 A JP H03230070A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- snow
- water
- artificial snow
- absorbing material
- artificial
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012461 cellulose resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IVQVTRZCAXVNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;prop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound [Na+].OC(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C IVQVTRZCAXVNSG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 ［産業上の利用分野コ 本発明は人工雪の製造方法に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application fields] The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing artificial snow.
さらに詳しくは、天然の雪または人工雪あるいは氷雪に
粒状の吸水性材料を混合、凍結することにより、スキー
に適する人工雪を製造する方法に関する。More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing artificial snow suitable for skiing by mixing granular water-absorbing material with natural snow, artificial snow, or ice and snow and freezing the mixture.
［従来技術］
近年、年々積雪が少なくなり、スキー場のオープンに支
障を来している。しかも地上に積もった天然の雪は軟ら
かすぎてスキーの滑りが悪く、そのままではゲレンデと
して不向きなため、再三圧雪車で雪を圧縮しなければな
らない。このようにしてメータしたゲレンデは、外気の
温度により大きく影響され、時間の経過と共に雪質が変
化して、「シまり雪」から「ざらめ雪」へと進む。ざら
め雪はスキーヤ−にとって非常に滑りにくい雪であり、
そのため雪を砕く作業、すなわちブルーミングを頻繁に
行わなければならない。[Prior Art] In recent years, snowfall has been decreasing year by year, which has hindered the opening of ski resorts. Moreover, the natural snow that accumulates on the ground is too soft and difficult to ski on, making it unsuitable for ski slopes as it is, so the snow has to be compacted repeatedly using snow compactors. The ski slopes measured in this way are greatly affected by the temperature of the outside air, and the quality of the snow changes over time, progressing from ``plum snow'' to ``rough snow.'' Rough snow is extremely difficult for skiers to slip on.
Therefore, the work of breaking up snow, or blooming, must be done frequently.
最近我が国のスキー場においても、滑走シーズンを早め
たり延ばしたりするため、人工降雪装置の導入が盛んで
ある。人工降雪装置には大別するとガンタイプとファン
タイプの２種類がある。これらの装置で雪を造る方法は
、０″Ｃ以下の大気中で高圧の水を圧搾空気の断熱膨張
を利用して、あるいは冷たい空気を利用して細かい氷を
造る方法である。そのようにして造られた人工雪は水分
を１０％以上含み、密度が約０．４ｇ／ａｍ３、強度が
０、 １〜０．２Ｋｇ／ｃｍ２であり、圧雪しなければ
スキーに適さない。またこのような雪は天然雪に比べ、
雪質の変化が急速に進行し、数日経過すると、氷外径が
次第に増大し、外径約１〜５ｍｍのざらめ雪へと進む。Recently, artificial snow-making devices have been increasingly introduced at ski resorts in Japan in order to hasten or extend the skiing season. There are two types of artificial snowmaking devices: gun type and fan type. The method of making snow with these devices is to make fine ice by using adiabatic expansion of compressed air with high-pressure water in the atmosphere below 0''C or by using cold air. Artificial snow made from snow contains more than 10% water, has a density of about 0.4 g/am3, and a strength of 0.1 to 0.2 kg/cm2, and is not suitable for skiing unless it is compacted. Compared to natural snow, snow
Changes in snow quality progress rapidly, and after a few days, the outer diameter of the ice gradually increases, turning into rough snow with an outer diameter of about 1 to 5 mm.
ざらめ雪は前述のごとくスキーヤ−にとって非常に滑り
にくい雪であり、前述と同様な対策が施される。As mentioned above, rough snow is snow that is extremely difficult for skiers to slip on, and the same countermeasures as mentioned above are taken.
また、水膨潤性材料（吸水性樹脂）と水を混合しく吸水
させ）、曝気後凍結させて造る人工雪（特許出願公表昭
６３−５００５２８号）の場合、雪の密度は約０．４〜
０．９ｇ／ｃｍ３、強度は約１０〜数１００ ｋｇ／ａ
ｍ２となる。そのような雪は雪と言うよりも、ごつごつ
した細かい氷またはアイスバーンと同じ状態であり、ス
キーには全く適さないものである。In addition, in the case of artificial snow made by mixing a water-swellable material (water-absorbing resin) with water and freezing it after aeration (Patent Application Publication No. 1983-500528), the density of the snow is approximately 0.4~
0.9g/cm3, strength is about 10 to several 100 kg/a
It becomes m2. Such snow is more like rough, fine ice or ice burn than snow, and is completely unsuitable for skiing.
従って水膨潤性材料のみで人工雪を造った場合は、スキ
ーに適するようにするため凍結した人工雪を砕くブルー
ミングを頻繁に行なわなければならない。Therefore, when artificial snow is made only from water-swellable materials, blooming must be performed frequently to break up the frozen artificial snow to make it suitable for skiing.
そのような雪はスキー場にとって非常に使いにくい雪と
いえる。Such snow can be said to be extremely difficult to use at ski resorts.
［発明が解決しようとする課題］
本発明者等は従来の問題点を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ね
た結果、本発明の第１の目的は、雪に粒状の吸水性材料
を混合、凍結することにより、任意の密度や強度の雪が
得られ、また雪質の経時変化が抑えられ、スキーヤ−に
好まれる人工雪を容易にかつ安価に製造する方法および
安価に維持する方法を提供するものである。[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As a result of extensive research by the present inventors in order to solve the conventional problems, the first objective of the present invention is to mix and freeze granular water-absorbing material in snow. By doing so, snow of arbitrary density and strength can be obtained, and changes in snow quality over time can be suppressed, and the present invention provides a method for easily and inexpensively producing artificial snow, which is preferred by skiers, and a method for maintaining it at low cost. be.
また本発明の第２の目的は、雪質を軟らかい雪から硬い
雪までスキーヤ−のレベルや好みに応じて色々変えられ
るような人工雪の製造方法を提供するものである。A second object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing artificial snow that allows the snow quality to be varied from soft snow to hard snow depending on the skill level and preference of the skier.
さらにまた本発明の第３の目的は、雪を必要に応じて回
収し再使用できるような人工雪の製造方法を提供するも
のである。Furthermore, a third object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing artificial snow that allows snow to be collected and reused as necessary.
［課題を解決するための手段］
本発明の請求項（１）の発明は、下記の工程を含む人工
雪の製造方法である。[Means for Solving the Problems] The invention of claim (1) of the present invention is a method for manufacturing artificial snow including the following steps.
■粒状の吸水性材料に、該材料の最大保水量以下におい
て吸水させる工程、
■天然の雪または人工降雪装置により造った人工雪ある
いは氷塊を細かい粉状に砕いた氷雪と吸水した吸水性材
料とを混ぜる工程、
（３）それらを凍結させる工程。■ A process in which a granular water-absorbing material absorbs water at a level below the maximum water holding capacity of the material; ■ A process of making a granular water-absorbing material absorb water at a level less than the maximum water holding capacity of the material; ■ A process in which natural snow or artificial snow made by an artificial snow-making device, or ice and snow made by crushing ice blocks into fine powder, and the absorbed water-absorbing material. (3) freezing them.
本発明の請求項（２）の発明は、軟らかい雪を造るため
、吸水性材料の吸水倍率を約５〜５０倍とし、それと人
工雪あるいは氷雪との混合比（重量）を約に３〜１：２
０の範囲にする請求項（１）記載の人工雪の製造方法で
ある。In the invention of claim (2) of the present invention, in order to make soft snow, the water absorption capacity of the water absorbent material is set to about 5 to 50 times, and the mixing ratio (weight) of the water absorbing material and artificial snow or ice and snow is set to about 3 to 1. :2
The method for manufacturing artificial snow according to claim (1), wherein the amount of snow is within a range of 0.
本発明の請求項（３）の発明は、硬い雪を造るため、吸
水性材料の吸水倍率を約３０〜６０倍とし、それと人工
雪あるいは氷雪との混合比（重量）を約２＝１〜１：３
の範囲にする請求項（１）記載の人工雪の製造方法であ
る。In the invention of claim (3) of the present invention, in order to make hard snow, the water absorption capacity of the water-absorbing material is set to about 30 to 60 times, and the mixing ratio (weight) of this and artificial snow or ice and snow is set to about 2 = 1 to 60 times. 1:3
The method for manufacturing artificial snow according to claim (1), wherein the amount of snow is within the range of:
本発明の請求項（４）の発明は、下記の工程を含む人工
雪の製造方法である。The invention according to claim (4) of the present invention is a method for manufacturing artificial snow including the following steps.
■天然の雪または人工降雪装置により造った人工雪ある
いは氷塊を細かい粉状に砕いた氷雪の上に、乾燥した、
あるいは僅か吸水している吸水性材料を散布する工程、
（２）それらを機械的に攪拌混合する工程、■混合物を
凍結させる工程。■On top of natural snow or artificial snow made with an artificial snow-making device, or ice made by crushing ice blocks into fine powder, dry,
or a step of dispersing water-absorbing materials that have absorbed a small amount of water; (2) a step of mechanically stirring and mixing them; and (2) a step of freezing the mixture.
本発明の請求項（５）の発明は、人工降雪装置で人工雪
を造りながら、乾燥した吸水性材料を同時に散布するこ
とを特徴とする人工雪の製造方法である。The invention according to claim (5) of the present invention is a method for producing artificial snow, characterized in that, while making artificial snow using an artificial snow-making device, dry water-absorbing material is simultaneously scattered.
本発明の請求項［６］の発明は、人工降雪装置により造
った人工雪１ｔｏｎに対して乾燥した吸水性材料を約１
〜１００ｋｇ散布してなる請求項（４）および（５）記
載の人工雪の製造方法である。The invention of claim [6] of the present invention provides that approximately 1 ton of dry water-absorbing material is added to 1 ton of artificial snow made by an artificial snow-making device.
The method for producing artificial snow according to claims (4) and (5), wherein 100 kg of artificial snow is dispersed.
本発明の請求項［７］の発明は、人工降雪装置で人工雪
を造りながら、同時に吸水性材料に吸水させて散布する
ことを特徴とする人工雪の製造方法である。The invention of claim [7] of the present invention is a method for producing artificial snow, characterized in that, while making artificial snow using an artificial snow-making device, at the same time, water is absorbed by a water-absorbing material and then dispersed.
本発明に用いられる吸水性材料としては、デンプン系、
セルロース系あるいはアクリルアミド、アクリル酸、ア
クリル酸塩、メタアクリル酸塩、スチレン、ビニルエー
テル
マー、ターポリマー等の合成樹脂系がある。Water-absorbing materials used in the present invention include starch,
There are cellulose and synthetic resin systems such as acrylamide, acrylic acid, acrylate, methacrylate, styrene, vinyl ethermer, and terpolymer.
本発明に用いられる吸水性材料の形態は粒状であり、好
ましくは球状であり、粒径が吸水させる前で約２０〜５
００μｍ１吸水後で約０．０５ｍｍ〜２ｍｍ程度になる
ものがさらに好ましい。２０μｍ以下では細か過ぎて雪
と均一に混合しずらく、５００ｕｌ１１以上では雪の中
に点在している状態になり好ましくない。The form of the water-absorbing material used in the present invention is granular, preferably spherical, and the particle size is about 20 to 5
It is more preferable to have a thickness of approximately 0.05 mm to 2 mm after absorbing 00 μm of water. If it is less than 20 μm, it is too fine and it is difficult to mix uniformly with the snow, and if it is more than 500 ul11, it will be scattered in the snow, which is not preferable.
球状の吸水性材料が好ましい理由として、雪と均一に混
合し易いこと、凍結したあと細かく均一に分散していて
硬くなり過ぎないこと、雪の表層に露出しても粒状であ
るため滑りを悪くしないことなどが挙げられる。The reasons why spherical water-absorbing materials are preferable are that they are easy to mix evenly with snow, that they are finely and evenly dispersed after freezing and do not become too hard, and that they are granular even when exposed to the surface of snow, making them difficult to slip. Examples include things not to do.
吸水性材料の中には給水した時、糊状になるものがある
が、糊状になると凍結したときーっの大きな氷塊になり
、細かく砕かない限りスキー用の人工雪としては使えな
い。これを避けるため凍結前にアトマイズする方法があ
るが、粘性が強いため非常に多くの動力を要し、経済的
に造雪することができない。Some water-absorbing materials become sticky when watered, but when they become sticky, they freeze into large chunks of ice and cannot be used as artificial snow for skiing unless they are crushed into small pieces. To avoid this, there is a method of atomizing snow before it freezes, but it is highly viscous and requires a lot of power, making it impossible to make snow economically.
本発明の請求項（１）の発明は、粒状の吸水性材料に、
該材料の最大保水量以下においてあらかじめ吸水させて
から、天然の雪または人工降雪装置により造った人工雪
あるいは氷塊を細かい粉状に砕いた水雷と混ぜ、それら
を凍結させる工程を含む人工雪の製造方法であり、主と
して任意の密度や強度の雪を得るために用いられる。The invention of claim (1) of the present invention provides that the granular water-absorbing material contains:
Manufacture of artificial snow, which involves the process of pre-absorbing water below the maximum water holding capacity of the material, mixing natural snow or artificial snow or ice blocks made by an artificial snow-making device with torpedo crushed into fine powder, and freezing them. This method is mainly used to obtain snow of arbitrary density and strength.
粒状の吸水した吸水性材を凍結させると材料内部から水
分がしみだし、材料表面で水が凍ることが顕微鏡観察で
確認された。Microscopic observation has confirmed that when a granular water-absorbing material is frozen, water seeps out from inside the material and freezes on the surface of the material.
この現象から、吸水した該材料だけを凍結させた場合に
非常に硬い雪の固まりになりスキーには不適となること
が説明できる。This phenomenon explains why if only the water-absorbed material is frozen, it becomes a very hard mass of snow, making it unsuitable for skiing.
本発明の請求項（２）や（３）の発明のように、やわら
かい雪を造るためには、吸水性材料の吸水倍率を約５〜
５０倍とし、それと人工雪あるいは氷雪との混合比（重
量）を約１：３〜１：２０の範囲にしたり、硬い雪を造
るためには、吸水性材料の吸水倍率を約３０〜６０倍と
し、それと人工雪あるいは氷雪との混合比（重量）を約
２＝１〜１：３の範囲にすることが肝要である。As claimed in claims (2) and (3) of the present invention, in order to make soft snow, the water absorption capacity of the water absorbing material must be set to about 5 to 5.
50 times, and the mixing ratio (weight) of artificial snow or ice/snow in the range of about 1:3 to 1:20, or to make hard snow, the water absorption capacity of the water absorbent material should be about 30 to 60 times. It is important that the mixing ratio (weight) of this and artificial snow or ice and snow be in the range of about 2=1 to 1:3.
吸水した吸水性材料の内部から水分がしみだし、該材料
表面で水が凍り、周りの雪とつながるので、任意の密度
や強度の雪を得るには、該材料体内からの水分供給量を
コントロールすればよいことが分かったことに本発明は
基づいている。Water seeps out from inside the absorbent material, freezes on the surface of the material, and connects with the surrounding snow, so in order to obtain snow of desired density and strength, the amount of water supplied from within the material must be controlled. The present invention is based on the discovery that this can be done.
また、吸水した吸水性材料は、該材料の最大保水量以下
にあらかじめ吸水させであるので、外気温の上昇により
発生した液体の水を吸水し、目的条件の雪質が変化しな
いように維持することができる。In addition, since the water-absorbing material is pre-absorbed to a level below the maximum water retention capacity of the material, it absorbs the liquid water generated due to the rise in outside temperature and maintains the desired snow quality so that it does not change. be able to.
本発明の請求項（４）や（５）の発明は、天然の雪また
は人工降雪装置により造った人工雪あるいは氷塊を細か
い粉状に砕いた氷雪の上に、乾燥した、あるいは僅か吸
水している吸水性材料を散布し、それらを機械的に攪拌
混合し、混合物を凍結させる工程を含む人工雪の製造方
法、あるいは人工降雪装置で人工雪を造りながら、乾燥
した吸水性材料を同時に散布する人工雪の製造方法であ
る。The invention according to claims (4) and (5) of the present invention provides that dry or slightly water-absorbing powder is added to natural snow or artificial snow made by an artificial snow-making device, or ice and snow made by crushing ice blocks into fine powder. A method for making artificial snow that includes the steps of spraying water-absorbing materials, mechanically stirring and mixing them, and freezing the mixture, or spreading dry water-absorbing materials simultaneously while making artificial snow with an artificial snow-making device. This is a method of manufacturing artificial snow.
乾燥した、あるいは僅か吸水している吸水性材料を混合
する方法は、主として雪質の低下を抑制するために用い
られる。The method of mixing dry or slightly water-absorbing water-absorbing materials is mainly used to suppress deterioration of snow quality.
一般に人工降雪装置により造った直後の雪は約６０〜９
０％の氷粒子と、約４０〜１０％の液体の水とからなる
混合物であり、このような湿った雪では初心者や中級の
スキーヤ−にとって滑り難いものである。In general, snow immediately after being made with an artificial snowmaking device is approximately 60 to 9
It is a mixture of 0% ice particles and about 40-10% liquid water, and such wet snow is difficult for beginners and intermediate skiers to slide on.
そのような雪に対して、吸水力に相当余裕のある吸水性
材料を混合すると、凍っていない水を吸水し、その結果
、人工雪は乾いた雪に変化し、初心者や中級のスキーヤ
−に好まれる雪となる。When such snow is mixed with a water-absorbing material that has a considerable water-absorbing capacity, it absorbs unfrozen water, and as a result, the artificial snow turns into dry snow, making it suitable for beginners and intermediate skiers. It becomes the preferred snow.
また外気温が上がり、液体の水が発生する初冬や春先の
時期、同様に乾燥した、あるいは僅か吸水している吸水
性材料を混合すると、雪質の低下が抑えられる。Also, in early winter and early spring, when the outside temperature rises and liquid water is generated, mixing dry or water-absorbing materials that absorb a small amount of water can prevent the quality of the snow from deteriorating.
本発明の請求項［６］の発明は、人工降雪装置により造
った人工Ｍ １ ｔ ｏ ｎに対して乾燥した吸水性材
料を約１〜１００ｋｇ散布する人工雪の製造方法である
。The invention according to claim [6] of the present invention is a method for producing artificial snow, in which about 1 to 100 kg of a dry water-absorbing material is sprinkled on an artificial M 1 ton made by an artificial snow-making device.
吸水性材料の混合比は、重量比で人工雪に対して０．１
〜１０％がよい。The mixing ratio of water absorbent material is 0.1 by weight to artificial snow.
~10% is good.
特に湿った雪に対しては混合比を大きく（１％〜１０％
程度）、やや湿った雪に対しては０．１％〜１．０％程
度と変えることによりさらに好ましい雪になる。Especially for wet snow, increase the mixing ratio (1% to 10%).
For slightly wet snow, changing the amount to about 0.1% to 1.0% will make the snow more preferable.
吸水性材料と雪との混合方法は、乾いた吸水性材料また
はあらかじめ所定の吸水倍率に吸水された吸水性材料を
、下部に該材料を供給する装置の付いた容器に入れ、容
器をゲレンデ整備する車両に積み、該材料を供給装置か
ら散布しながらゲレンデ整備と並行して混合する方法が
ある。この方法では天然の雪でも人工雪でも氷雪でも利
用できる。The method of mixing the water-absorbing material with snow is to put the dry water-absorbing material or the water-absorbing material that has been absorbed to a predetermined water absorption rate into a container with a device at the bottom that supplies the material, and then put the container into a container that is equipped with a device to supply the material. There is a method in which the materials are loaded onto a vehicle and mixed in parallel with the slope maintenance while being dispersed from a supply device. This method can be used with natural snow, artificial snow, or frozen snow.
また別の方法として、ガンタイプあるいはファンタイプ
等の人工降雪装置に対して吸水性材料を圧搾空気により
直接散布する装置を付属させ、人工雪を造りながら同時
に吸水性材料を散布混合させる方法がある。Another method is to attach a device that directly sprays water-absorbing material using compressed air to an artificial snow-making device such as a gun type or fan type, and simultaneously spread and mix the water-absorbing material while making artificial snow. .
さらに別の方法として、本発明の請求項［７］の発明は
、人工降雪装置で人工雪を造りながら、同時に吸水性材
料に吸水させて散布する人工雪の製造方法であり、人工
降雪装置において、空気輸送されてきた吸水性材料を温
水または冷水と混合して吸水させ、吸水した材料を圧搾
空気により大気中に散布するものである。この時、人工
降雪装置においては同時に人工雪を造っているので混合
することができる。As yet another method, the invention of claim [7] of the present invention is an artificial snow manufacturing method in which artificial snow is made by an artificial snow making device and at the same time water is absorbed by a water-absorbing material and dispersed. The water-absorbing material transported by air is mixed with hot or cold water to absorb water, and the absorbed material is dispersed into the atmosphere using compressed air. At this time, since the artificial snow making device is simultaneously making artificial snow, it can be mixed.
本発明の方法により製造された人工雪は、必要に応じて
回収し、雪、水、塵芥等から吸水性材料を分離し、乾燥
などの方法により再生して再使用することができる。従
って、経済的である以外に、スキー７−ズン後の公害発
生などの心配をなくすことができる。The artificial snow produced by the method of the present invention can be collected as necessary, the water-absorbing material is separated from snow, water, dust, etc., and recycled by drying or other methods for reuse. Therefore, in addition to being economical, it also eliminates concerns about pollution after skiing.
［実施例］
次ぎに本発明を実施例によって具体的に説明するが、本
発明はこの実施例に限定されるものではない。[Example] Next, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
なお、以下の実施例および比較例における凍結後の人工
雪の密度および強度は次の操作により求められる。In addition, the density and strength of artificial snow after freezing in the following Examples and Comparative Examples are determined by the following operations.
（凍結後の人工雪の密度）
体積のわかった雪を取りだし、秤量し、重量を体積で割
って求める。単位はｇ／ｃｔｔｒ”。雪が軟らかいとき
は、薄いステンレス製の内容積のわかった箱を積雪に差
し込めば、体積のわかった雪が取れる。硬い雪の場合は
、鋸で四角に雪を切りだし、寸法を物差しで計って体積
を計算する。(Density of artificial snow after freezing) Remove snow whose volume is known, weigh it, and divide the weight by the volume. The unit is "g/cttr". When the snow is soft, insert a thin stainless steel box with a known internal volume into the snow to remove snow with a known volume. For hard snow, cut the snow into squares with a saw. Measure the dimensions with a ruler and calculate the volume.
（凍結後の人工雪の強度）
木下式硬度計で、人工雪におもりを落下させ落下強度を
測定する。単位はｋｇ／Ｃ１１１２゜円板の人工雪への
沈みが７〜３０ａｍに入るようアダプターを交換し、換
算表から強度を求める。(Strength of artificial snow after freezing) Drop a weight onto the artificial snow and measure the falling strength using a Kinoshita hardness tester. The unit is kg/C1112°. Replace the adapter so that the sinking of the disc into the artificial snow is between 7 and 30 am, and calculate the strength from the conversion table.
実施例１
吸水性材料として、アクリルコポリマーを分散剤として
有機溶剤中で逆相懸濁重合して得られるアクリル酸ナト
リウム−アクリル酸共重合体であり、乾燥状態における
平均の粒径が約１００μｍである球状の吸水性材料に５
０倍の水を吸水させて、氷を砕いて造った氷雪と所定の
割合で混合し、−５℃および一２０℃で凍結させた。Example 1 The water-absorbing material is a sodium acrylate-acrylic acid copolymer obtained by reverse-phase suspension polymerization in an organic solvent using an acrylic copolymer as a dispersant, and has an average particle size of about 100 μm in a dry state. 5 for a certain spherical water-absorbing material
0 times the amount of water was absorbed, mixed with ice and snow made by crushing ice at a predetermined ratio, and frozen at -5°C and -20°C.
そのような人工雪の密度と強度を測定した。The density and strength of such artificial snow were measured.
吸水性材料と氷雪との混合比が１５：８５で、５℃で１
６時間凍結させたものの密度は０．４１７ｇ／ｃｍ３
強度は３．０〜４．４ｋｇ／ｃｍ２であった。The mixing ratio of water-absorbing material and ice and snow is 15:85, and 1 at 5℃.
The density of something frozen for 6 hours is 0.417g/cm3
The strength was 3.0 to 4.4 kg/cm2.
また、混合比が２５ ： ７５で、−５℃で１６時間凍
結させたものの密度は０．４２５ｇ／Ｃｍ３、強度が５
．２−７．２ｋｇ／ｃｍ２であった。In addition, when the mixing ratio was 25:75 and the mixture was frozen at -5℃ for 16 hours, the density was 0.425g/Cm3 and the strength was 5.
．． It was 2-7.2 kg/cm2.
混合比が３５ ： ６５で、−５℃で１６時間凍結させ
た雪の密度は０．４２７ｇ／ｃｍ３、強度は５．５−８
．５ｋｇ／ｃｍ２であった。Snow frozen at -5℃ for 16 hours with a mixing ratio of 35:65 has a density of 0.427g/cm3 and a strength of 5.5-8.
．． It was 5 kg/cm2.
さらに混合比が５０ ： ５０で、−５°Ｃで１５時間
凍結させた雪の密度は０．４３５ｇ／ｃｍ３であるが、
強度が３４−４４ｋｇ／ｃｍ”にもなる。Furthermore, the density of snow frozen at -5°C for 15 hours with a mixing ratio of 50:50 is 0.435 g/cm3,
The strength is as high as 34-44 kg/cm.
吸水性材料を含有しない氷雪のみの場合、−５℃で１６
時間凍結させた後において、密度は０゜３２３ｇ／ｃｍ
３、強度は０．１７〜０．１８ｋｇ／ｃｍ２と小さい。In the case of only ice and snow without water-absorbing materials, 16 at -5℃
After freezing for an hour, the density is 0°323g/cm
3. The strength is small at 0.17-0.18 kg/cm2.
一般にスキーヤ−にとって滑り易い強度は、初心者で約
１ 、０ ｋｇ／ｃｍ２、上達するに従って硬い雪へ移
り、オリンピック級の選手になると約１０ｋｇ／ｃＩ１
１２程度の硬い雪が必要である。In general, the strength at which a skier can easily slide is about 1.0 kg/cm2 for beginners, and as he progresses to harder snow, it is about 10 kg/cm2 for Olympic-level skiers.
Hard snow of about 12 is required.
しかし、それを越えた硬い雪は、素人スキーヤ−にとっ
ても、プロ級のスキーヤ−にとっても嫌われ、また転倒
した場合負傷する確率も極めて高くなる。However, snow that is harder than that is disliked by both amateur and professional skiers, and the probability of injury in the event of a fall is extremely high.
［発明の効果］
本発明により、任意の密度や強度の人工雪が得られ、ま
た雪質の経時変化が抑えられ、軟らかい雪から硬い雪ま
で雪質をスキーヤ−のレベルや好みに応じて色々変えら
れるような人工雪を容易にかつ安価に製造し、しかも安
価に維持することができる。[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, artificial snow of arbitrary density and strength can be obtained, and changes in snow quality over time can be suppressed, and the snow quality can be varied from soft snow to hard snow according to the skier's level and preference. To make it possible to easily and inexpensively produce artificial snow such as the one described above, and to maintain it at low cost.
さらにまた、雪を必要に応じて回収し再使用できるので
、経済的であるのみならず、スキーシーズン後の公害発
生などの心配をなくすことができる。Furthermore, since snow can be collected and reused as needed, it is not only economical but also eliminates concerns about pollution after the ski season.
Claims (1)
おいて吸水させる工程、 （２）天然の雪または人工降雪装置により造った人工雪
あるいは氷塊を細かい粉状に砕いた氷雪と吸水した吸水
性材料とを混ぜる工程、 （３）それらを凍結させる工程。 ［２］軟らかい雪を造るため、吸水性材料の吸水倍率を
約５〜５０倍とし、それと人工雪あるいは氷雪との混合
比（重量）を約１：３〜１：２０の範囲にする請求項（
１）記載の人工雪の製造方法。 ［３］硬い雪を造るため、吸水性材料の吸水倍率を約３
０〜６０倍とし、それと人工雪あるいは氷雪との混合比
（重量）を約２：１〜１：３の範囲にする請求項（１）
記載の人工雪の製造方法。 ［４］下記の工程を含む人工雪の製造方法。 （１）天然の雪または人工降雪装置により造った人工雪
あるいは氷塊を細かい粉状に砕いた氷雪の上に、乾燥し
た、あるいは僅か吸水している吸水性材料を散布する工
程、 （２）それらを機械的に攪拌混合する工程、 （３）混合物を凍結させる工程。 ［５］人工降雪装置で人工雪を造りながら、乾燥した吸
水性材料を同時に散布することを特徴とする人工雪の製
造方法。 ［６］人工降雪装置により造った人工雪１ｔｏｎに対し
て乾燥した吸水性材料を約１〜１００ｋｇ散布してなる
請求項（４）および（５）記載の人工雪の製造方法。 ［７］人工降雪装置で人工雪を造りながら、同時に吸水
性材料に吸水させて散布することを特徴とする人工雪の
製造方法。[Scope of Claims] [1] A method for producing artificial snow including the following steps. (1) The process of making a granular water-absorbing material absorb water at a level below the maximum water holding capacity of the material; (2) The process of making a granular water-absorbing material absorb water at a level below the maximum water holding capacity of the material. (3) A process of freezing them. [2] In order to make soft snow, the water absorption capacity of the water-absorbing material is about 5 to 50 times, and the mixing ratio (weight) of the water-absorbing material to artificial snow or ice and snow is in the range of about 1:3 to 1:20. (
1) The method for producing artificial snow described above. [3] To create hard snow, increase the water absorption rate of the water-absorbing material to approximately 3
Claim (1): 0 to 60 times, and the mixing ratio (weight) of artificial snow or ice and snow is in the range of about 2:1 to 1:3.
The method for producing artificial snow described. [4] A method for producing artificial snow including the following steps. (1) The process of dispersing dry or slightly water-absorbing water-absorbing material onto natural snow or artificial snow made using an artificial snow-making device, or ice and snow made by crushing ice blocks into fine powder; (2) (3) freezing the mixture; [5] A method for producing artificial snow, which is characterized in that a dry water-absorbing material is simultaneously sprinkled while making artificial snow using an artificial snow-making device. [6] The method for producing artificial snow according to claims (4) and (5), wherein about 1 to 100 kg of the dry water-absorbing material is sprinkled on 1 ton of artificial snow made by an artificial snow-making device. [7] A method for producing artificial snow, which comprises making artificial snow using an artificial snow-making device and simultaneously absorbing water into a water-absorbing material and dispersing it.
Priority Applications (12)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2406790A JP2866854B2 (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1990-02-02 | How to make artificial snow |
| US07/648,185 US5136849A (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-01-31 | Snow composition and method for making artificial snow |
| DK91101367.0T DK0440256T3 (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-02-01 | Snow composition and method of making artificial snow |
| AT91101367T ATE111942T1 (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-02-01 | SNOW COMPOSITION AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF SNOW SUBSTITUTE. |
| EP91101367A EP0440256B1 (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-02-01 | Snow composition and method for making artificial snow |
| AU70163/91A AU636950B2 (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-02-01 | Snow composition and method for making artificial snow |
| FI910489A FI98824C (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-02-01 | Snow composition and method for making artificial snow |
| NO910401A NO177906C (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-02-01 | Snow blending and method of making artificial snow |
| CA002035503A CA2035503C (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-02-01 | Snow composition and method for making artificial snow |
| DE69104076T DE69104076T2 (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-02-01 | Snow composition and method of making snow replacement. |
| KR1019910001834A KR960004527B1 (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-02-02 | Snow composition and method for making artificial snow |
| BR919100533A BR9100533A (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-02-04 | SNOW COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR MAKING ARTIFICIAL SNOW |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2406790A JP2866854B2 (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1990-02-02 | How to make artificial snow |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH03230070A true JPH03230070A (en) | 1991-10-14 |
| JP2866854B2 JP2866854B2 (en) | 1999-03-08 |
Family
ID=12128096
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2406790A Expired - Fee Related JP2866854B2 (en) | 1990-02-02 | 1990-02-02 | How to make artificial snow |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2866854B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0492683A (en) * | 1990-08-08 | 1992-03-25 | Taikisha Ltd | Snow strata forming method |
| EP0585938A1 (en) * | 1992-09-04 | 1994-03-09 | Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Artificial snow and method for producing the same |
-
1990
- 1990-02-02 JP JP2406790A patent/JP2866854B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0492683A (en) * | 1990-08-08 | 1992-03-25 | Taikisha Ltd | Snow strata forming method |
| EP0585938A1 (en) * | 1992-09-04 | 1994-03-09 | Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd. | Artificial snow and method for producing the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2866854B2 (en) | 1999-03-08 |
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