JPH03229701A - Production of cation-modified starch - Google Patents

Production of cation-modified starch

Info

Publication number
JPH03229701A
JPH03229701A JP2026562A JP2656290A JPH03229701A JP H03229701 A JPH03229701 A JP H03229701A JP 2026562 A JP2026562 A JP 2026562A JP 2656290 A JP2656290 A JP 2656290A JP H03229701 A JPH03229701 A JP H03229701A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
starch
modified starch
cation
reaction
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2026562A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yasunori Noguchi
安則 野口
Takashi Kadota
門田 隆
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority to JP2026562A priority Critical patent/JPH03229701A/en
Publication of JPH03229701A publication Critical patent/JPH03229701A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/52Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using catalysts, e.g. selective catalysts

Landscapes

  • Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To produce a cation-modified starch at a high conversion in a very short time by a simple operation by reacting starch in a state of slurry in water with a specific cationizing agent in the presence of KOH as a catalyst. CONSTITUTION:In producing a cation-modified starch by reacting starch in a state of slurry in water with a glycidyltrialkylammonium halide of the formula (wherein R1, R2, and R3 are each 1-4C or 12-22C alkyl or benzyl; and X is Cl, Br, or I) (e.g. glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride), KOH is used as a catalyst. The conventional method, wherein the cation-modified starch is produced by reacting starch dispersed in water with a quaternary ammonium salt having a halohydrin group in the presence of NaOH as a catalyst, took too long time for the reaction; the method of the invention enables the cation-modified starch to be produced at a high conversion in a very short time by a simple operation.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 [産業上の利用分野] 本発明は澱粉をカチオン化剤で処理して、カチオン変性
澱粉を製造する方法に関するものである。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention relates to a method for producing cationically modified starch by treating starch with a cationizing agent.

更に詳しくは、製紙用薬剤、繊維処理剤、凝集剤、乳化
剤などの用途に多量に使用されているカチオン変性澱粉
について、従来の製造方法に比べ、より短時間で反応が
進行し、より高反応率となりその結果、生産性、歩留り
、経済性に優れたカチオン変性澱粉の製造方法に関する
ものである。
More specifically, regarding cation-modified starch, which is used in large quantities for applications such as paper-making agents, fiber treatment agents, flocculants, and emulsifiers, the reaction proceeds in a shorter time than with conventional production methods, resulting in a higher reaction rate. The present invention relates to a method for producing cationically modified starch that has excellent productivity, yield, and economical efficiency.

[従来の技術] 一般にカチオン変性天然高分子化合物は、凝集剤、製紙
業における紙力増強剤、填料保持剤、繊維などに対する
帯電防止剤、柔軟仕上剤あるいは、化粧品、シャンプー
などの配合剤として、近年広く利用されてきている。こ
の中で化粧品、シャンプー、リンスなどの配合剤として
使用する場合は、その効果が顕著であることと共に、人
体に対する安全性が高く、使用感が良好であり、このも
のを合成するには、グリシジルトリアルキルアンモニウ
ムハライドをカチオン化剤として使用したカチオン変性
セルロースが製造されている。また、カチオン変性澱粉
については、紙用の紙力増強剤、中性抄紙剤用の、填料
歩留り向上剤としての効果もあり、現在徐々に使用され
ている。
[Prior Art] Cation-modified natural polymer compounds are generally used as flocculants, paper strength enhancers in the paper industry, filler retention agents, antistatic agents for fibers, fabric softeners, or compounding agents in cosmetics, shampoos, etc. It has been widely used in recent years. Among these, when used as a compounding agent in cosmetics, shampoos, conditioners, etc., it has a remarkable effect, is highly safe for the human body, and has a good feeling of use. Cationically modified cellulose has been produced using trialkylammonium halide as a cationizing agent. Furthermore, cationically modified starch is effective as a paper strength enhancer for paper and a filler retention improver for neutral papermaking agents, and is now gradually being used.

「発明が解決しようとする問題点」 カチオン変性澱粉の製造方法としては、従来澱粉を水に
分散させ、触媒として、水酸化ナトリウムを用いて、ハ
ロヒドリン基を持つ第四級アンモニウム塩と反応させる
方法で製造されている。しかしながら、この方法では、
反応時間が長くかかり、反応率60%以上のものを得る
ためには、4〜8時間もの反応時間が必要であった。従
って1〜2時間以内という短時間で反応率50%以上と
することは困難であり、このため、抄紙の前段階でカチ
オン変性澱粉を合成し、そのまま使用する際には、■工
程当たりの時間が長くかかり過ぎ、よって時間的、経済
的なロスが多くなるため、より短時間で、反応を終了す
ることが以前より求められていた。
"Problems to be Solved by the Invention" Conventional methods for producing cationically modified starch include dispersing starch in water and reacting it with a quaternary ammonium salt having a halohydrin group using sodium hydroxide as a catalyst. Manufactured in However, with this method,
The reaction time was long, and in order to obtain a reaction rate of 60% or more, a reaction time of 4 to 8 hours was required. Therefore, it is difficult to achieve a reaction rate of 50% or more in a short period of time, such as within 1 to 2 hours.For this reason, when cationically modified starch is synthesized before papermaking and used as it is, Since this process takes too long, resulting in a lot of time and economic loss, it has been desired to complete the reaction in a shorter period of time.

[問題点を解決するための手段] 本発明者らは、上記方法の欠点を克服したカチオン変性
澱分の製造方法を開発するため、鋭意研究を重ねた結果
、澱粉を水に分散させ、触媒として水酸化カリウムを用
い、またカチオン化剤として、一般式(1) (式中のR1,RtおよびR3は炭素数1〜4又は、■
2〜22のアルキル基又は、ベンジル基、XはCI、B
r、Iを示す)で表されるグリシジルトリアルキルアン
モニウムハライドを使用することにより、極めて短時間
でカチオン化の反応率が上がり、しかもより容易に製造
できる方法を見いだし、本発明を完成するに至った。
[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to develop a method for producing cationically modified starch that overcomes the drawbacks of the above-mentioned methods, the present inventors have conducted intensive research and have found that starch is dispersed in water and a catalyst is Potassium hydroxide was used as the cationizing agent, and general formula (1) (wherein R1, Rt and R3 have 1 to 4 carbon atoms or
2-22 alkyl group or benzyl group, X is CI, B
By using a glycidyl trialkylammonium halide represented by r, Ta.

即ち、本発明は、澱粉と一般式(1) (式中のR、、R、およびR3は炭素数1〜4又は、1
2〜22のアルキル基又は、ベンジル基、XはC1,B
r、Iを示す)で表されるグリシジルトリアルキルアン
モニウムハライドとの反応によりカチオン変性澱粉を製
造する方法 において、溶媒に水を用い、触媒として水酸化カリウム
を用いて、0.5〜3時間という短時間で。
That is, the present invention provides starch and general formula (1) (wherein R, , R, and R3 have 1 to 4 carbon atoms or 1
2-22 alkyl group or benzyl group, X is C1, B
In a method for producing cationically modified starch by reaction with glycidyl trialkylammonium halide represented by r, In a short time.

反応させることを特徴とするカチオン変性澱粉の製造方
法を提供するものである。
The present invention provides a method for producing cationically modified starch, which is characterized by carrying out a reaction.

本発明の原料の澱粉としては、一般に使用されている澱
粉はすべて使用でき、例えば、トウモロコシ、ばれいし
ょ、タピオカ、などから得られるものを挙げることがで
きる。
All commonly used starches can be used as the raw material starch of the present invention, including those obtained from corn, potato, tapioca, and the like.

本発明の方法は、まず澱粉を水に分散させ、グリシジル
トリアルキルアンモニウムハライドのカチオン化剤、水
酸化カリウムを添加し、反応温度40〜60℃で行われ
る。この際、触媒として水酸化ナトリウムを使用した場
合、45℃以上の高温では、糊化が進行して後処理が困
難であったが、水酸化カリウムを用いることにより、高
温で反応しても、糊化がおこらず0.5〜3時間という
極めて短時間で、容易に製造することができる。
In the method of the present invention, starch is first dispersed in water, a cationizing agent for glycidyltrialkylammonium halide and potassium hydroxide are added, and the reaction temperature is 40 to 60°C. At this time, when sodium hydroxide was used as a catalyst, gelatinization progressed at high temperatures of 45°C or higher, making post-treatment difficult; however, by using potassium hydroxide, even at high temperatures, It can be easily produced in an extremely short time of 0.5 to 3 hours without gelatinization.

反応に用いる水酸化カリウムは、澱粉のグルコース単位
当たり、0,03〜0.4モルの範囲で添加するのが好
ましい。水酸化カリウムは、そのままあるいは、水溶液
として添加して用いる。溶媒である水は、乾燥澱粉1重
量部につき、15〜4重量部、好ましくは1.8〜23
重量部使用する。水かこの範囲より少なくなると、高粘
度スラリーを形成して、取り扱いが困難となる。また、
多くなると水酸化カリウム及びカチオン化剤との接触が
不十分となり、反応率が悪くなるという問題点を引き起
こす。
Potassium hydroxide used in the reaction is preferably added in an amount of 0.03 to 0.4 mol per glucose unit of starch. Potassium hydroxide is used as it is or added as an aqueous solution. The amount of water as a solvent is 15 to 4 parts by weight, preferably 1.8 to 23 parts by weight, per 1 part by weight of dry starch.
Use parts by weight. When the amount of water is less than this range, a highly viscous slurry is formed and difficult to handle. Also,
If the amount increases, contact with potassium hydroxide and the cationizing agent becomes insufficient, causing a problem of poor reaction rate.

カチオン化剤の使用量は、所望の窒素含有率のものを得
るよう、用途に合わせ適宜決定される。
The amount of the cationizing agent to be used is appropriately determined depending on the application so as to obtain the desired nitrogen content.

通常窒素含有率0.1〜4重量%でほとんどの用途を満
足し、この場合のカチオン化剤の使用量は、乾燥澱粉1
00重量部に対し、3.4〜43.2重量部となる。
Generally, a nitrogen content of 0.1 to 4% by weight satisfies most uses, and in this case the amount of cationizing agent used is 1% to 1% by weight of dry starch.
00 parts by weight, it becomes 3.4 to 43.2 parts by weight.

反応温度は、40〜60℃、好ましくは、50〜55℃
であり、反応時間としては0.5〜3時間で充分である
。このようにして得られた反応液を酸により中和し、反
応生成物を分離、精製し、減圧下で乾燥後製品とする。
The reaction temperature is 40-60°C, preferably 50-55°C.
Therefore, a reaction time of 0.5 to 3 hours is sufficient. The reaction solution thus obtained is neutralized with an acid, the reaction product is separated and purified, and the product is obtained after drying under reduced pressure.

本発明によれば、カチオン化剤の反応率が上がリ、反応
時間も短縮でき、しかもより容易に製造することができ
る。 次に、本発明を実施例に基づき、更に、詳細に説
明する。
According to the present invention, the reaction rate of the cationizing agent can be increased, the reaction time can be shortened, and production can be made easier. Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail based on examples.

[実施例1] コーンスターチ80g(含水率12.5%)を水130
gに分散させ、この分散液に有効成分2.4g(対澱粉
0.04倍モル:グルコース単位当たり以下同様)のグ
リシジルトリメチルアンモニウムクロライド(以下GT
Aと略す)水溶液を添加し、その後、5重量%水酸化カ
リウム水溶液38゜5g(対澱粉0.08倍モル)を加
えて昇温し、55℃で1時間、撹拌した。この後、5重
量%塩酸水溶液を用いて中和した。次に200gメタノ
ール中に反応液30gを投入し、反応生成物を沈澱させ
、この沈澱物を30分間、メタノール中で洗浄し、これ
を濾別した。このような洗浄精製を、2回繰り返した後
、反応生成物を減圧下で乾燥した。
[Example 1] 80 g of cornstarch (water content 12.5%) was mixed with 130 g of water.
Glycidyltrimethylammonium chloride (hereinafter referred to as GT
A) aqueous solution was added, and then 38.5 g of a 5% by weight aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (0.08 times the mole of starch) was added, the temperature was raised, and the mixture was stirred at 55° C. for 1 hour. Thereafter, it was neutralized using a 5% by weight aqueous hydrochloric acid solution. Next, 30 g of the reaction solution was poured into 200 g of methanol to precipitate the reaction product, and this precipitate was washed in methanol for 30 minutes and filtered. After repeating such washing and purification twice, the reaction product was dried under reduced pressure.

このようにして得られたカチオン変性澱粉は、窒素含有
率が0222重量%であった。この窒素含有率より、澱
粉に対するGTAの反応率は、60%であった。
The cationically modified starch thus obtained had a nitrogen content of 0.222% by weight. Based on this nitrogen content, the reaction rate of GTA to starch was 60%.

[実施例2〜31 第1表に示した反応条件で実施例1と同様の方法により
、カチオン変性澱分を得た。このようにして得られた生
成物の窒素含有率、GTAの反応率を同じく第1表に示
した。
Examples 2 to 31 Cation-modified precipitates were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 under the reaction conditions shown in Table 1. The nitrogen content and GTA reaction rate of the product thus obtained are also shown in Table 1.

[比較例1] コーンスターチ80g(含水率12.5%)を水130
gに分散させ、この分散液に有効成分24g(澱分0.
04倍モル)のGTA水溶液を添加し、5重量%水酸化
ナトリウム水溶液25.3g(対澱粉0.08倍モル)
を加えて昇温し、45℃(45℃以上では澱粉が、高粘
度化する)で1時間撹拌した。この後、5重量%塩酸水
溶液を用いて中和した。次に200gメタノール中に反
応液30gを投入し、反応生成物を沈澱させ、この沈澱
物を39分間、メタノール中で、洗浄し、これを濾別し
た。このような洗浄精製を2回繰り返した後、反応生成
物を減圧下で乾燥した。
[Comparative Example 1] 80 g of corn starch (water content 12.5%) and 130 g of water
24 g of the active ingredient (0.g of lees) is added to this dispersion.
04 times mole) of GTA aqueous solution was added, and 25.3 g of 5% by weight sodium hydroxide aqueous solution (0.08 times mole of starch) was added.
was added, the temperature was raised, and the mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 45°C (starch becomes highly viscous at temperatures above 45°C). Thereafter, it was neutralized using a 5% by weight aqueous hydrochloric acid solution. Next, 30 g of the reaction solution was poured into 200 g of methanol to precipitate the reaction product, and this precipitate was washed in methanol for 39 minutes and filtered. After repeating such washing and purification twice, the reaction product was dried under reduced pressure.

このようにして、得られたカチオン変性澱粉は、窒素含
有率0.’+ 71重量%であった。この窒素含有率よ
り、澱粉に対するGTAの反応率は43%であった。
The cationically modified starch thus obtained has a nitrogen content of 0. '+71% by weight. Based on this nitrogen content, the reaction rate of GTA to starch was 43%.

[比較例2〜31 第1表に示した反応条件で比較例Iと同様の方法より、
カチオン変性澱分を得た。このようにして得られた生成
物の窒素含有率、GTA反応率を同様に第1表に示した
[Comparative Examples 2 to 31] By the same method as Comparative Example I under the reaction conditions shown in Table 1,
A cationically modified sludge was obtained. The nitrogen content and GTA reaction rate of the product thus obtained are also shown in Table 1.

(比較例4〜6コ コーンスターチ80g(含水率12.5%)を水130
gに分散させ、この分散液に有効成分2゜9g(対澱粉
0.04倍モル)の3−クロロ2ヒドロキンプロピルト
リメチルアンモニウムクロライド(以下HTAと略す)
水溶液を添加し、その後、5重量%水酸化カリウム水溶
液53.9g(対澱粉012倍モル)を加えて昇温し、
55℃で撹拌した。その後の操作は、比較例1と同様の
方法で行いカチオン変性澱粉を得た。反応条件、及び窒
素含有率、HTAの反応率を第1表に示した。
(Comparative Examples 4 to 6 80 g of cocorn starch (water content 12.5%) was added to 130 g of water.
2.9 g of the active ingredient (0.04 times the mole of starch) of 3-chloro2hydroquinepropyltrimethylammonium chloride (hereinafter abbreviated as HTA) was added to this dispersion.
Add an aqueous solution, then add 53.9 g of a 5% by weight aqueous potassium hydroxide solution (012 times the mole of starch) and raise the temperature.
Stir at 55°C. The subsequent operations were performed in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 to obtain cationically modified starch. The reaction conditions, nitrogen content, and HTA reaction rate are shown in Table 1.

[発明の効果] 以上のように、本発明による製造方法は、簡単な操作の
もと、極めて短時間で、かつ高反応率で、カチオン変成
澱粉を得ることかできる優れた方法である。
[Effects of the Invention] As described above, the production method according to the present invention is an excellent method that allows cationically modified starch to be obtained with simple operations, in an extremely short period of time, and at a high reaction rate.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】  澱粉と、一般式( I ) ▲数式、化学式、表等があります▼( I ) (式中のR_1、R_2およびR_3は炭素数1〜4又
は、12〜22のアルキル基又は、ベンジル基、XはC
l、Br、Iを示す) で表されるグリシジルトリアルキルアンモニウムハライ
ドとを、水溶媒中スラリー状態で反応させ、カチオン変
性澱粉とする製造方法において、触媒として水酸化カリ
ウムを用いることを特徴とするカチオン変性澱粉の製造
方法。
[Claims] Starch and the general formula (I) ▲There are mathematical formulas, chemical formulas, tables, etc.▼(I) (In the formula, R_1, R_2 and R_3 are alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or 12 to 22 carbon atoms. Or benzyl group, X is C
1, Br, I) in a slurry state in an aqueous solvent to produce a cationically modified starch, characterized in that potassium hydroxide is used as a catalyst. A method for producing cationically modified starch.
JP2026562A 1990-02-05 1990-02-05 Production of cation-modified starch Pending JPH03229701A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2026562A JPH03229701A (en) 1990-02-05 1990-02-05 Production of cation-modified starch

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2026562A JPH03229701A (en) 1990-02-05 1990-02-05 Production of cation-modified starch

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH03229701A true JPH03229701A (en) 1991-10-11

Family

ID=12196977

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2026562A Pending JPH03229701A (en) 1990-02-05 1990-02-05 Production of cation-modified starch

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH03229701A (en)

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